无线传感器路由协议由于受到硬件的限制,节点的能量、处理能力、存储能力都受到极大的制约.RPL(Routing Protocol for Low pow er and Lossy Netw orks)协议是工作在IPV6无线传感器网络网络层的路由协议,由IETF(Internet Engineering Ta...无线传感器路由协议由于受到硬件的限制,节点的能量、处理能力、存储能力都受到极大的制约.RPL(Routing Protocol for Low pow er and Lossy Netw orks)协议是工作在IPV6无线传感器网络网络层的路由协议,由IETF(Internet Engineering Task Force)的ROLL(Routing Over Low-pow er and Lossy netw orks)工作组专门为低功耗有损网络而提出的距离矢量路由协议.详细介绍AODV路由协议,阐述了RPL路由协议的相关术语、协议原理和拓扑结构;利用Contiki操作系统和其自带的仿真器Cooja模拟了RPL路由协议的运行过程,包含采用3种控制消息进行向上路由和向下路由的建立的过程,RPL路由协议的拓扑构建过程,数据包路由过程和Trickle定时器的应用;通过与传统WSN路由协议AODV在数据递交率、端到端时延等性能参数的仿真对比,验证RPL路由协议在低功耗有损网络中具有较高的性能.展开更多
在RPL(routing protocol for LLN)协议应用于农田墒情监测传感网络的过程中,保证网络中的节点能够长期有效工作成为关键问题。为此,设计了一种基于间隔更新思想的控制算法IUTA,对在一致性和不一致性事件发生时的处理机制进行了改进。在...在RPL(routing protocol for LLN)协议应用于农田墒情监测传感网络的过程中,保证网络中的节点能够长期有效工作成为关键问题。为此,设计了一种基于间隔更新思想的控制算法IUTA,对在一致性和不一致性事件发生时的处理机制进行了改进。在网络中节点复杂度变化的情况下,通过Cooja实验仿真模拟了网络中节点传递数据节省的功耗以及成功率两者动态变化的过程。结果表明,IUTA有效降低网络中节点传输功耗,同时对数据传输成功率影响甚微。展开更多
详细介绍了无线传感网络中的RPL(IPv6 Routing Protocol for Low-Power and Lossy Networks)路由协议,从仿真环境、参数设定、仿真场景设计等方面对RPL路由协议的仿真进行了分析。利用cooja模拟器对RPL路由协议进行了仿真,并针对分组递...详细介绍了无线传感网络中的RPL(IPv6 Routing Protocol for Low-Power and Lossy Networks)路由协议,从仿真环境、参数设定、仿真场景设计等方面对RPL路由协议的仿真进行了分析。利用cooja模拟器对RPL路由协议进行了仿真,并针对分组递交率和平均功耗两个性能指标对RPL路由协议进行性能评估。仿真结果表明,RPL路由协议在分组递交率方面适用于各个场景,并能很好地适应网络的动态变化;在功耗方面不适用于树型空间位置的场景,并且对于动态变化的网络会大大增加平均功耗。展开更多
Internet of Things(IoT)empowers imaginative applications and permits new services when mobile nodes are included.For IoT-enabled low-power and lossy networks(LLN),the Routing Protocol for Low-power and Lossy Networks(...Internet of Things(IoT)empowers imaginative applications and permits new services when mobile nodes are included.For IoT-enabled low-power and lossy networks(LLN),the Routing Protocol for Low-power and Lossy Networks(RPL)has become an established standard routing protocol.Mobility under standard RPL remains a difficult issue as it causes continuous path disturbance,energy loss,and increases the end-to-end delay in the network.In this unique circumstance,a Balanced-load and Energy-efficient RPL(BE-RPL)is proposed.It is a routing technique that is both energy-efficient and mobility-aware.It responds quicker to link breakage through received signal strength-based mobility monitoring and selecting a new preferred parent reactively.The proposed system also implements load balancing among stationary nodes for leaf node allocation.Static nodes with more leaf nodes are restricted from participating in the election for a new preferred parent.The performance of BE-RPL is assessed using the COOJA simulator.It improves the energy use,network control overhead,frame acknowledgment ratio,and packet delivery ratio of the network.展开更多
In this paper we describe how the test design can be done by using the Combinatorial Testing approach for internet of things operating systems. Contiki operating system is taken as a case study but we discuss what can...In this paper we describe how the test design can be done by using the Combinatorial Testing approach for internet of things operating systems. Contiki operating system is taken as a case study but we discuss what can be the approach for RIOT and Tiny OS operating systems. We discuss how the combinatorial coverage measurement can be gathered in addition to the traditional metrics code coverage. The test design generated by using Advanced Combinatorial Testing for Software is analyzed for Contiki operating system. We elaborate the code coverage gathering technique for Contiki simulator which happens to be in Java. We explain the usage of Combinatorial Coverage Measurement tool. Although we have explained the test design methodology for internet of things operating systems, the approach explained can be followed for other open source software.展开更多
Simulation is a common technique for the evaluation of new approaches and protocols in networked systems and provides many benefits.However,it is also well known that the relevance of the simulation results for real-w...Simulation is a common technique for the evaluation of new approaches and protocols in networked systems and provides many benefits.However,it is also well known that the relevance of the simulation results for real-world applications depends on the various models which are used within the simulation,e.g.,for the characteristics of the radio communication.In this paper,we introduce the Extended Multipath Raytracing Model,an extension to the ray-tracing radio medium available in Cooja,to improve the modelling of wireless links in simulated Wireless Sensor Networks.Our extension allows the simulation of environmental influences onto links on a per node basis,allowing the analysis of various effects observed in experiments in a virtual environment.Furthermore,the packet-based modelling of transmission errors is extended to provide the simulation of bit errors,allowing new usage scenarios,like the simulation of error detection and Forward Error Correction codes in Cooja.展开更多
文摘无线传感器路由协议由于受到硬件的限制,节点的能量、处理能力、存储能力都受到极大的制约.RPL(Routing Protocol for Low pow er and Lossy Netw orks)协议是工作在IPV6无线传感器网络网络层的路由协议,由IETF(Internet Engineering Task Force)的ROLL(Routing Over Low-pow er and Lossy netw orks)工作组专门为低功耗有损网络而提出的距离矢量路由协议.详细介绍AODV路由协议,阐述了RPL路由协议的相关术语、协议原理和拓扑结构;利用Contiki操作系统和其自带的仿真器Cooja模拟了RPL路由协议的运行过程,包含采用3种控制消息进行向上路由和向下路由的建立的过程,RPL路由协议的拓扑构建过程,数据包路由过程和Trickle定时器的应用;通过与传统WSN路由协议AODV在数据递交率、端到端时延等性能参数的仿真对比,验证RPL路由协议在低功耗有损网络中具有较高的性能.
文摘在RPL(routing protocol for LLN)协议应用于农田墒情监测传感网络的过程中,保证网络中的节点能够长期有效工作成为关键问题。为此,设计了一种基于间隔更新思想的控制算法IUTA,对在一致性和不一致性事件发生时的处理机制进行了改进。在网络中节点复杂度变化的情况下,通过Cooja实验仿真模拟了网络中节点传递数据节省的功耗以及成功率两者动态变化的过程。结果表明,IUTA有效降低网络中节点传输功耗,同时对数据传输成功率影响甚微。
文摘详细介绍了无线传感网络中的RPL(IPv6 Routing Protocol for Low-Power and Lossy Networks)路由协议,从仿真环境、参数设定、仿真场景设计等方面对RPL路由协议的仿真进行了分析。利用cooja模拟器对RPL路由协议进行了仿真,并针对分组递交率和平均功耗两个性能指标对RPL路由协议进行性能评估。仿真结果表明,RPL路由协议在分组递交率方面适用于各个场景,并能很好地适应网络的动态变化;在功耗方面不适用于树型空间位置的场景,并且对于动态变化的网络会大大增加平均功耗。
文摘Internet of Things(IoT)empowers imaginative applications and permits new services when mobile nodes are included.For IoT-enabled low-power and lossy networks(LLN),the Routing Protocol for Low-power and Lossy Networks(RPL)has become an established standard routing protocol.Mobility under standard RPL remains a difficult issue as it causes continuous path disturbance,energy loss,and increases the end-to-end delay in the network.In this unique circumstance,a Balanced-load and Energy-efficient RPL(BE-RPL)is proposed.It is a routing technique that is both energy-efficient and mobility-aware.It responds quicker to link breakage through received signal strength-based mobility monitoring and selecting a new preferred parent reactively.The proposed system also implements load balancing among stationary nodes for leaf node allocation.Static nodes with more leaf nodes are restricted from participating in the election for a new preferred parent.The performance of BE-RPL is assessed using the COOJA simulator.It improves the energy use,network control overhead,frame acknowledgment ratio,and packet delivery ratio of the network.
文摘In this paper we describe how the test design can be done by using the Combinatorial Testing approach for internet of things operating systems. Contiki operating system is taken as a case study but we discuss what can be the approach for RIOT and Tiny OS operating systems. We discuss how the combinatorial coverage measurement can be gathered in addition to the traditional metrics code coverage. The test design generated by using Advanced Combinatorial Testing for Software is analyzed for Contiki operating system. We elaborate the code coverage gathering technique for Contiki simulator which happens to be in Java. We explain the usage of Combinatorial Coverage Measurement tool. Although we have explained the test design methodology for internet of things operating systems, the approach explained can be followed for other open source software.
基金This work was partially funded by the German Research Council(DFG)under Grant No.BU 3282/2-1.
文摘Simulation is a common technique for the evaluation of new approaches and protocols in networked systems and provides many benefits.However,it is also well known that the relevance of the simulation results for real-world applications depends on the various models which are used within the simulation,e.g.,for the characteristics of the radio communication.In this paper,we introduce the Extended Multipath Raytracing Model,an extension to the ray-tracing radio medium available in Cooja,to improve the modelling of wireless links in simulated Wireless Sensor Networks.Our extension allows the simulation of environmental influences onto links on a per node basis,allowing the analysis of various effects observed in experiments in a virtual environment.Furthermore,the packet-based modelling of transmission errors is extended to provide the simulation of bit errors,allowing new usage scenarios,like the simulation of error detection and Forward Error Correction codes in Cooja.
