Sally Rooney,a young Irish writer,has been dubbed“the first great novelist of the millennial generation”.Conversations with Friends,her first work,demonstrates amazing insight and subtle expression as she explores a...Sally Rooney,a young Irish writer,has been dubbed“the first great novelist of the millennial generation”.Conversations with Friends,her first work,demonstrates amazing insight and subtle expression as she explores a wide range of realistic issues such as modern intimacy,class injustice,and politics,all while depicting the complex interaction between two college girls and a celebrity couple from Dublin.This paper will use psychoanalytic viewpoints from scholars such as Freud,Garland,and Kaufman to examine the trauma and shame experienced by the heroine Frances,as well as the possibilities and ways in which adults can heal the trauma.Rooney completes the trauma narrative of modern people by portraying the life and feelings of Frances,a normal modern youth.展开更多
The interpersonal function in Halliday's system-functional grammar can instruct and apply to many-sided language communication.The article is aimed at analyzing language function reflected in the conversations bet...The interpersonal function in Halliday's system-functional grammar can instruct and apply to many-sided language communication.The article is aimed at analyzing language function reflected in the conversations between international students in different cultural background and native speakers,and then getting reflections on classroom teaching language.展开更多
As an indispensable part of medical practice.doctor-patient conversation is drawing more and more attention in the field of sociology,psychology and linguistics.Little attention,however,has been paid to the interperso...As an indispensable part of medical practice.doctor-patient conversation is drawing more and more attention in the field of sociology,psychology and linguistics.Little attention,however,has been paid to the interpersonal aspect of the conversation between doctors and patients,which is regarded as one of the most complex interpersonal relationships.Being dominant in the interaction,doctors'words,mainly in the form of questions,deserve more studies,especially for the interpersonal functions delivered.This study mainly focuses on this aspect.展开更多
Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate family members’ experience of engaging in the “Family Health Conversations” intervention. Methods: A qualitative study was conducted with 15 family members who engaged ...Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate family members’ experience of engaging in the “Family Health Conversations” intervention. Methods: A qualitative study was conducted with 15 family members who engaged in the intervention. The study used semi-structured interviews and data were analysed using reflexive thematic analysis. Findings: Through analysis and interpretation of the data, three themes were identified: 1) Support for navigating in unknown waters;2) Bringing peace and relief to the family;3) Involving the relative with dementia in Family Health Conversations. Family Health Conversations showed were beneficial to the families of persons with dementia and of great importance to both individual family members and the family. Involving the person with dementia in the Family Health Conversations was not always beneficial for the family. Conclusion: Deciding when to involve the person with dementia in Family Health Conversations requires thorough knowledge of the family as well as the person with dementia, to avoid excluding them. The intervention supports retaining selfhood and autonomy for the person with dementia, even when the individual did not participate in the conversation.展开更多
Language teaching entails the use of varied methods to maximize learning. Most language educators, particularly those teaching foreign languages tend to use lesson review sheets, dialogue practice, drills on grammar, ...Language teaching entails the use of varied methods to maximize learning. Most language educators, particularly those teaching foreign languages tend to use lesson review sheets, dialogue practice, drills on grammar, audio tapes or text recordings. Educators also make use of media to enhance learning while a few language instructors use graded-conversations. Thus, this paper explores ways in which graded-conversations impact language learning. This paper shows how using graded-conversations in a Swahili language classroom enhanced language learning and encouraged students to collaborate in and outside the classroom. More specifically, the findings indicate that while graded-conversations motivated students to communicate with each other beyond classroom and use social media to help each other study, assignments shape the type and quality of students＇ collaboration. Implications for teaching are presented.展开更多
Presupposition means an implied fact or information which is accepted by both speaker and hearer in a conversation,or at least the information that can always be inferred from the context after hearing the discourse.I...Presupposition means an implied fact or information which is accepted by both speaker and hearer in a conversation,or at least the information that can always be inferred from the context after hearing the discourse.In the analysis of how speaker's assumptions are typically expressed,presupposition has been associated with the use of a large number of words,phrases,and structures,known as presupposition-triggers.There are many studies on trigger language at home and abroad,but there are relatively few studies on analyzing presupposition triggers from the perspective of romantic conversations.In this paper,by analyzing what presupposition triggers are used in the conversations and what functions the triggers perform,also the various ways of communication in which a boyfriend annoys his girlfiriend,we can solve the doubts of many male friends,so that people can have a deeper understanding of presupposition triggers and the application of it in romantic conversations,which may help us a lot in our daily interpersonal communication life.展开更多
Telephone conversation,one of the most common uses of human communication,has been a hot topic in linguistic field in modern times. This essay aims at reviewing the main theories and findings in telephone conversation...Telephone conversation,one of the most common uses of human communication,has been a hot topic in linguistic field in modern times. This essay aims at reviewing the main theories and findings in telephone conversation analysis and providing some insights of this aspect which can often be overlooked in our daily life. It is also hoped that this essay can help to pave a foundation for further in-depth study in telephone conversations.展开更多
This article reflects on how to transcribe two audio recordings and conducts a comparative analysis on them,aiming at identifying the typical features of transcribing process and identifying the different features of ...This article reflects on how to transcribe two audio recordings and conducts a comparative analysis on them,aiming at identifying the typical features of transcribing process and identifying the different features of classroom and casual conversations.The first recording is an institutional conversation recorded in a module called"Communication skills for teachers"in an under graduate classroom in Singapore.The second is a casual conversation occurring among four MA classmates who met for their sec ond time.The first part of this article focuses on the issues met and the insights gained in transcribing.The second part is a com parative analysis that leads to the conclusion classroom and casual conversations are two different genres of spoken interactions with distinctive features shaped by field and tenor.展开更多
From the perspective of Speech Act Theory, it aims to analyze the translation of a novel—A Dream in Red Mansions provided by Yang Xianyi. It analyzes and appraises some conversations via a simple evaluation model bas...From the perspective of Speech Act Theory, it aims to analyze the translation of a novel—A Dream in Red Mansions provided by Yang Xianyi. It analyzes and appraises some conversations via a simple evaluation model based on the realization of three speech acts that the writer would like to let readers understand. It finally arrives at the conclusion that the quoted version of conversations is vivid and appropriate except for a few expressions.展开更多
The term“pragmatics borrowing”refers to a conscious use of foreign pragmatic marker within or between utterances.Distinctive pragmatics functions of using the“cross-linguistic”pragmatic markers in online conversat...The term“pragmatics borrowing”refers to a conscious use of foreign pragmatic marker within or between utterances.Distinctive pragmatics functions of using the“cross-linguistic”pragmatic markers in online conversations have become a research focus.In a sample of Wechat communication among university students,the English pragmatics marker“em”and its variations occurred frequently.By analyzing its spelling variations,placement,pragmatic meanings and functions,the study indicates that,besides using it as a hesitator,chat participants consciously use this foreign pragmatic marker as a buffer for later utterance,which is usually an apology or a request,to soften the intonation and give the addressee an impression of politeness.展开更多
Stylistic analysis of literary works is more and more acknowledged in the linguistic field. Pragmatic elements have been taken into consideration in order to make the analysis more complete and scientific. There are m...Stylistic analysis of literary works is more and more acknowledged in the linguistic field. Pragmatic elements have been taken into consideration in order to make the analysis more complete and scientific. There are many pragmatic theories has been applied to literary works such as the cooperative principle put forward by Grice, speech act theory advocated by Austin.While this paper sets a micro example to analyses the address forms in the conversations between Tess and Alec when they first met in Tess of D'Urberville to present how stylistics and pragmatics interact with each other, and how to achieve stylistic effect in a pragmatic approach.展开更多
In daily lives,people unconsciously use hyperbole to address their speech in everyday conversation,it has been an indivisible part of people's talk.And the usage of hyperbole has its own effects and functions,this...In daily lives,people unconsciously use hyperbole to address their speech in everyday conversation,it has been an indivisible part of people's talk.And the usage of hyperbole has its own effects and functions,this paper aims at searching the main effects of hyperbole in our everyday conversations,and tries to classify them as three effects or functions.First,hyperbole can reveal the essence of events.Second,it can enhance the infection of sentences and appeal to audience.Third,it can help the listeners imagine the situation the speaker described.And in this paper,through the analysis of everyday conversations,illustrated how hyperbole achieved these effects.展开更多
Emotion classification in textual conversations focuses on classifying the emotion of each utterance from textual conversations.It is becoming one of the most important tasks for natural language processing in recent ...Emotion classification in textual conversations focuses on classifying the emotion of each utterance from textual conversations.It is becoming one of the most important tasks for natural language processing in recent years.However,it is a challenging task for machines to conduct emotion classification in textual conversations because emotions rely heavily on textual context.To address the challenge,we propose a method to classify emotion in textual conversations,by integrating the advantages of deep learning and broad learning,namely DBL.It aims to provide a more effective solution to capture local contextual information(i.e.,utterance-level)in an utterance,as well as global contextual information(i.e.,speaker-level)in a conversation,based on Convolutional Neural Network(CNN),Bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory(Bi-LSTM),and broad learning.Extensive experiments have been conducted on three public textual conversation datasets,which show that the context in both utterance-level and speaker-level is consistently beneficial to the performance of emotion classification.In addition,the results show that our proposed method outperforms the baseline methods on most of the testing datasets in weighted-average F1.展开更多
Too often,managers stifle conversation without realizing it-hijacking meetings without providing space for discussion and jumping in with their own solutions to problems that are brought to them.This habit of dominati...Too often,managers stifle conversation without realizing it-hijacking meetings without providing space for discussion and jumping in with their own solutions to problems that are brought to them.This habit of dominating dialogue creates a disconnect between managers and their teams and fosters cultures defined by a lack of mutual trust and collaboration.It also restricts the opportunities for employees to develop their own initiative,creativity and independent problem-solving skills required for high performance.展开更多
Direct in vivo conversion of astrocytes into functional new neurons induced by neural transcription factors has been recognized as a potential new therapeutic intervention for neural injury and degenerative disorders....Direct in vivo conversion of astrocytes into functional new neurons induced by neural transcription factors has been recognized as a potential new therapeutic intervention for neural injury and degenerative disorders. However, a few recent studies have claimed that neural transcription factors cannot convert astrocytes into neurons, attributing the converted neurons to pre-existing neurons mis-expressing transgenes. In this study, we overexpressed three distinct neural transcription factors––NeuroD1, Ascl1, and Dlx2––in reactive astrocytes in mouse cortices subjected to stab injury, resulting in a series of significant changes in astrocyte properties. Initially, the three neural transcription factors were exclusively expressed in the nuclei of astrocytes. Over time, however, these astrocytes gradually adopted neuronal morphology, and the neural transcription factors was gradually observed in the nuclei of neuron-like cells instead of astrocytes. Furthermore,we noted that transcription factor-infected astrocytes showed a progressive decrease in the expression of astrocytic markers AQP4(astrocyte endfeet signal), CX43(gap junction signal), and S100β. Importantly, none of these changes could be attributed to transgene leakage into preexisting neurons. Therefore, our findings suggest that neural transcription factors such as NeuroD1, Ascl1, and Dlx2 can effectively convert reactive astrocytes into neurons in the adult mammalian brain.展开更多
The prevalence of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma(ICC)is increasing globally.Despite advancements in comprehending this intricate malignancy and formulating novel therapeutic approaches over the past few decades,the p...The prevalence of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma(ICC)is increasing globally.Despite advancements in comprehending this intricate malignancy and formulating novel therapeutic approaches over the past few decades,the prognosis for ICC remains poor.Owing to the high degree of malignancy and insidious onset of ICC,numerous cases are detected at intermediate or advanced stages of the disease,hence eliminating the chance for surgical intervention.Moreover,because of the highly invasive characteristics of ICC,recurrence and metastasis postresection are prevalent,leading to a 5-year survival rate of only 20%-35%following surgery.In the past decade,different methods of treatment have been investigated,including transarterial chemoembolization,transarterial radioembolization,radiotherapy,systemic therapy,and combination therapies.For certain patients with advanced ICC,conversion treatment may be utilized to facilitate surgical resection and manage disease progression.This review summarizes the definition of downstaging conversion treatment and presents the clinical experience and evidence concerning conversion treatment for advanced ICC.展开更多
文摘Sally Rooney,a young Irish writer,has been dubbed“the first great novelist of the millennial generation”.Conversations with Friends,her first work,demonstrates amazing insight and subtle expression as she explores a wide range of realistic issues such as modern intimacy,class injustice,and politics,all while depicting the complex interaction between two college girls and a celebrity couple from Dublin.This paper will use psychoanalytic viewpoints from scholars such as Freud,Garland,and Kaufman to examine the trauma and shame experienced by the heroine Frances,as well as the possibilities and ways in which adults can heal the trauma.Rooney completes the trauma narrative of modern people by portraying the life and feelings of Frances,a normal modern youth.
文摘The interpersonal function in Halliday's system-functional grammar can instruct and apply to many-sided language communication.The article is aimed at analyzing language function reflected in the conversations between international students in different cultural background and native speakers,and then getting reflections on classroom teaching language.
文摘As an indispensable part of medical practice.doctor-patient conversation is drawing more and more attention in the field of sociology,psychology and linguistics.Little attention,however,has been paid to the interpersonal aspect of the conversation between doctors and patients,which is regarded as one of the most complex interpersonal relationships.Being dominant in the interaction,doctors'words,mainly in the form of questions,deserve more studies,especially for the interpersonal functions delivered.This study mainly focuses on this aspect.
文摘Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate family members’ experience of engaging in the “Family Health Conversations” intervention. Methods: A qualitative study was conducted with 15 family members who engaged in the intervention. The study used semi-structured interviews and data were analysed using reflexive thematic analysis. Findings: Through analysis and interpretation of the data, three themes were identified: 1) Support for navigating in unknown waters;2) Bringing peace and relief to the family;3) Involving the relative with dementia in Family Health Conversations. Family Health Conversations showed were beneficial to the families of persons with dementia and of great importance to both individual family members and the family. Involving the person with dementia in the Family Health Conversations was not always beneficial for the family. Conclusion: Deciding when to involve the person with dementia in Family Health Conversations requires thorough knowledge of the family as well as the person with dementia, to avoid excluding them. The intervention supports retaining selfhood and autonomy for the person with dementia, even when the individual did not participate in the conversation.
文摘Language teaching entails the use of varied methods to maximize learning. Most language educators, particularly those teaching foreign languages tend to use lesson review sheets, dialogue practice, drills on grammar, audio tapes or text recordings. Educators also make use of media to enhance learning while a few language instructors use graded-conversations. Thus, this paper explores ways in which graded-conversations impact language learning. This paper shows how using graded-conversations in a Swahili language classroom enhanced language learning and encouraged students to collaborate in and outside the classroom. More specifically, the findings indicate that while graded-conversations motivated students to communicate with each other beyond classroom and use social media to help each other study, assignments shape the type and quality of students＇ collaboration. Implications for teaching are presented.
文摘Presupposition means an implied fact or information which is accepted by both speaker and hearer in a conversation,or at least the information that can always be inferred from the context after hearing the discourse.In the analysis of how speaker's assumptions are typically expressed,presupposition has been associated with the use of a large number of words,phrases,and structures,known as presupposition-triggers.There are many studies on trigger language at home and abroad,but there are relatively few studies on analyzing presupposition triggers from the perspective of romantic conversations.In this paper,by analyzing what presupposition triggers are used in the conversations and what functions the triggers perform,also the various ways of communication in which a boyfriend annoys his girlfiriend,we can solve the doubts of many male friends,so that people can have a deeper understanding of presupposition triggers and the application of it in romantic conversations,which may help us a lot in our daily interpersonal communication life.
文摘Telephone conversation,one of the most common uses of human communication,has been a hot topic in linguistic field in modern times. This essay aims at reviewing the main theories and findings in telephone conversation analysis and providing some insights of this aspect which can often be overlooked in our daily life. It is also hoped that this essay can help to pave a foundation for further in-depth study in telephone conversations.
文摘This article reflects on how to transcribe two audio recordings and conducts a comparative analysis on them,aiming at identifying the typical features of transcribing process and identifying the different features of classroom and casual conversations.The first recording is an institutional conversation recorded in a module called"Communication skills for teachers"in an under graduate classroom in Singapore.The second is a casual conversation occurring among four MA classmates who met for their sec ond time.The first part of this article focuses on the issues met and the insights gained in transcribing.The second part is a com parative analysis that leads to the conclusion classroom and casual conversations are two different genres of spoken interactions with distinctive features shaped by field and tenor.
文摘From the perspective of Speech Act Theory, it aims to analyze the translation of a novel—A Dream in Red Mansions provided by Yang Xianyi. It analyzes and appraises some conversations via a simple evaluation model based on the realization of three speech acts that the writer would like to let readers understand. It finally arrives at the conclusion that the quoted version of conversations is vivid and appropriate except for a few expressions.
文摘The term“pragmatics borrowing”refers to a conscious use of foreign pragmatic marker within or between utterances.Distinctive pragmatics functions of using the“cross-linguistic”pragmatic markers in online conversations have become a research focus.In a sample of Wechat communication among university students,the English pragmatics marker“em”and its variations occurred frequently.By analyzing its spelling variations,placement,pragmatic meanings and functions,the study indicates that,besides using it as a hesitator,chat participants consciously use this foreign pragmatic marker as a buffer for later utterance,which is usually an apology or a request,to soften the intonation and give the addressee an impression of politeness.
文摘Stylistic analysis of literary works is more and more acknowledged in the linguistic field. Pragmatic elements have been taken into consideration in order to make the analysis more complete and scientific. There are many pragmatic theories has been applied to literary works such as the cooperative principle put forward by Grice, speech act theory advocated by Austin.While this paper sets a micro example to analyses the address forms in the conversations between Tess and Alec when they first met in Tess of D'Urberville to present how stylistics and pragmatics interact with each other, and how to achieve stylistic effect in a pragmatic approach.
文摘In daily lives,people unconsciously use hyperbole to address their speech in everyday conversation,it has been an indivisible part of people's talk.And the usage of hyperbole has its own effects and functions,this paper aims at searching the main effects of hyperbole in our everyday conversations,and tries to classify them as three effects or functions.First,hyperbole can reveal the essence of events.Second,it can enhance the infection of sentences and appeal to audience.Third,it can help the listeners imagine the situation the speaker described.And in this paper,through the analysis of everyday conversations,illustrated how hyperbole achieved these effects.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.61876205)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2020YFB1005804)the MOE Project at Center for Linguistics and Applied Linguistics,Guangdong University of Foreign Studies.
文摘Emotion classification in textual conversations focuses on classifying the emotion of each utterance from textual conversations.It is becoming one of the most important tasks for natural language processing in recent years.However,it is a challenging task for machines to conduct emotion classification in textual conversations because emotions rely heavily on textual context.To address the challenge,we propose a method to classify emotion in textual conversations,by integrating the advantages of deep learning and broad learning,namely DBL.It aims to provide a more effective solution to capture local contextual information(i.e.,utterance-level)in an utterance,as well as global contextual information(i.e.,speaker-level)in a conversation,based on Convolutional Neural Network(CNN),Bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory(Bi-LSTM),and broad learning.Extensive experiments have been conducted on three public textual conversation datasets,which show that the context in both utterance-level and speaker-level is consistently beneficial to the performance of emotion classification.In addition,the results show that our proposed method outperforms the baseline methods on most of the testing datasets in weighted-average F1.
文摘Too often,managers stifle conversation without realizing it-hijacking meetings without providing space for discussion and jumping in with their own solutions to problems that are brought to them.This habit of dominating dialogue creates a disconnect between managers and their teams and fosters cultures defined by a lack of mutual trust and collaboration.It also restricts the opportunities for employees to develop their own initiative,creativity and independent problem-solving skills required for high performance.
基金supported by the Key Project of Guangzhou City,No.202206060002Science and Technology Project of Guangdong Province,No.2018B030332001Guangdong Provincial Pearl River Project,No.2021ZT09Y552 (all to GC)。
文摘Direct in vivo conversion of astrocytes into functional new neurons induced by neural transcription factors has been recognized as a potential new therapeutic intervention for neural injury and degenerative disorders. However, a few recent studies have claimed that neural transcription factors cannot convert astrocytes into neurons, attributing the converted neurons to pre-existing neurons mis-expressing transgenes. In this study, we overexpressed three distinct neural transcription factors––NeuroD1, Ascl1, and Dlx2––in reactive astrocytes in mouse cortices subjected to stab injury, resulting in a series of significant changes in astrocyte properties. Initially, the three neural transcription factors were exclusively expressed in the nuclei of astrocytes. Over time, however, these astrocytes gradually adopted neuronal morphology, and the neural transcription factors was gradually observed in the nuclei of neuron-like cells instead of astrocytes. Furthermore,we noted that transcription factor-infected astrocytes showed a progressive decrease in the expression of astrocytic markers AQP4(astrocyte endfeet signal), CX43(gap junction signal), and S100β. Importantly, none of these changes could be attributed to transgene leakage into preexisting neurons. Therefore, our findings suggest that neural transcription factors such as NeuroD1, Ascl1, and Dlx2 can effectively convert reactive astrocytes into neurons in the adult mammalian brain.
文摘The prevalence of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma(ICC)is increasing globally.Despite advancements in comprehending this intricate malignancy and formulating novel therapeutic approaches over the past few decades,the prognosis for ICC remains poor.Owing to the high degree of malignancy and insidious onset of ICC,numerous cases are detected at intermediate or advanced stages of the disease,hence eliminating the chance for surgical intervention.Moreover,because of the highly invasive characteristics of ICC,recurrence and metastasis postresection are prevalent,leading to a 5-year survival rate of only 20%-35%following surgery.In the past decade,different methods of treatment have been investigated,including transarterial chemoembolization,transarterial radioembolization,radiotherapy,systemic therapy,and combination therapies.For certain patients with advanced ICC,conversion treatment may be utilized to facilitate surgical resection and manage disease progression.This review summarizes the definition of downstaging conversion treatment and presents the clinical experience and evidence concerning conversion treatment for advanced ICC.
