Quality control in disease diagnosis and treatment is critical for ensuring patient safety,optimizing resource utilization,and improving clinical outcomes.In endometrial cancer management,rigorous quality control ensu...Quality control in disease diagnosis and treatment is critical for ensuring patient safety,optimizing resource utilization,and improving clinical outcomes.In endometrial cancer management,rigorous quality control ensures accurate diagnosis through standardized protocols,reducing misdiagnosis and enabling early detection.Treatment is guided by evidence-based guidelines,fostering multi-disciplinary collaboration and minimizing unnecessary variations in care.Quality control also enhances patient safety by reducing medical errors and ensuring compliance with ethical and legal standards.By fostering transparency,professional development,and patient-centered care,it supports the sustainable advancement of healthcare systems,ultimately improving outcomes for patients and the broader medical community.This quality control of endometrial cancer was drafted by the Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University based on the American Joint Committee on Cancer’s TNM staging(AJCC,8th edition,2017)and the International Federation of Obstetrics and Gynecology’s surgical pathological staging(FIGO,2009).展开更多
Polycystic ovary syndrome(PCOS),a prevalent endocrine and metabolic disorder in women of reproductive age,necessitates standardized quality control criteria for diagnosis and treatment to minimize underdiagnosis,misdi...Polycystic ovary syndrome(PCOS),a prevalent endocrine and metabolic disorder in women of reproductive age,necessitates standardized quality control criteria for diagnosis and treatment to minimize underdiagnosis,misdiagnosis,and enhance long-term outcomes.This article outlines key quality control strategies for PCOS based on the latest domestic and international guidelines,integrating clinical experience.Diagnostic standardization requires structured protocols for medical history collection,evaluation of clinical manifestations(eg,menstrual irregularities,hyperandrogenism),and auxiliary examinations(hormonal profiling,ultrasound)to prevent overdiagnosis or oversight.Unified quality control standards can improve the consistency of PCOS management,optimize reproductive and metabolic outcomes,and reduce future disease burden.By implementing these measures,healthcare systems can achieve higher diagnostic accuracy,promote evidence-based therapeutic interventions,and mitigate long-term health risks associated with PCOS.展开更多
Introduction: Standard Precautions are a set of measures applied in the care of all individuals/patients regardless of their infectious status aiming at preventing healthcare workers and patients from infections, prev...Introduction: Standard Precautions are a set of measures applied in the care of all individuals/patients regardless of their infectious status aiming at preventing healthcare workers and patients from infections, preventing environmental contamination and spread of infections to the community. Many health facilities have not implemented them to an acceptable level. The purpose of the study is to report progress of improvement in health facilities readiness to implement standard precautions for infection prevention and control based on SARA reports. Methods: We generated mean scores of all standard precautions each year and calculated their standard deviations, variances and confidence intervals. One-way ANOVA was used to determine if the mean scores were equal. Finally, the trend of improvement in health facilities readiness to implement the standard precautions was generated. Results: A total of nine standard precautions were reported in SARA reports for 2012, 2017 and 2020. The mean scores of the standard precautions were 52.22% in 2012, 64.55% in 2017 and 69.66% in 2020. The overall trend showed an increase in health facilities readiness to implement standard precautions, although the mean scores were not statistically different (p-value 0.3217). Conclusion: SARA surveys conducted in Tanzania in 2012, 2017 and 2020 have shown an overall increase in health facilities readiness to implement standard precautions. Safe final waste disposal was being done in fewest facilities while single-use or auto-disable syringes were in most facilities that were sampled in all years. SARA surveys may be a useful way to evaluate Infection Prevention and Control adherence in health facilities.展开更多
Technology standard alliance, as vectors of research, development and circulation for technology standard, has already become an important transformation form from laboratory standard to fact standard for all countrie...Technology standard alliance, as vectors of research, development and circulation for technology standard, has already become an important transformation form from laboratory standard to fact standard for all countries. However, during the process of forming the technology standard alliance, it is a focus for members in the alliance to take control over others. How to construct a scientific and reasonable decision model of control over technology standard alliance is closely related to each enterprise member＇s interest. Under the condition that the risk is neutral, the paper explored necessary and sufficient conditions of knowledge sharing and the most endeavor among enterprise members through constructing a decision model of control over technology standard alliance, and put forward that the joint control model was the best decision model for constructing the technology standard alliance.展开更多
An effective quality control system is the key to ensuring the quality, safety and efficacy of traditional Chinese medicines(TCMs). However, the current quality standard research lacks top-level design and systematic ...An effective quality control system is the key to ensuring the quality, safety and efficacy of traditional Chinese medicines(TCMs). However, the current quality standard research lacks top-level design and systematic design,mostly based on specific technologies or evaluation methods. To resolve the challenges and questions of quality control of TCMs, a brand-new quality standard system, named "iVarious", was proposed. The system comprises eight elements in a modular format. Meaning of every element was specifically illustrated via corresponding research instances. Furthermore, frankincense study was taken as an example for demonstrating standards and research process, based on the "i Various" system. This system highlighted a holistic strategy for effectiveness,security, integrity and systematization of quality and safety control standards of TCMs. The establishment of"i Various" integrates multi-disciplinary technologies and progressive methods, basis elements and key points of standard construction. The system provides a novel idea and technological demonstration for regulation establishment of TCMs quality standards.展开更多
随着高比例新能源的接入,互联电力系统不同控制区间的电源结构差异日益增大,有些控制区新能源装机增加、常规机组减少导致调频需求增加但控制能力下降。传统联络线功率频率偏差控制(tie-line power and frequency bias control,TBC)模...随着高比例新能源的接入,互联电力系统不同控制区间的电源结构差异日益增大,有些控制区新能源装机增加、常规机组减少导致调频需求增加但控制能力下降。传统联络线功率频率偏差控制(tie-line power and frequency bias control,TBC)模式下的控制性能评价标准(control performance standard,CPS)标准,通过频率偏差系数来确定各控制区的考核阈值,却未考虑各控制区客观电源结构的影响,在高比例新能源电力系统中的不适应性日益凸显。首先分析了现有CPS标准的前提条件与内涵,揭示了CPS标准在高比例新能源电力系统中的不适应性,进而提出了控制区固有区域控制偏差(area control area,ACE)标准差的概念,利用固有ACE标准差确定考核阈值,提出了CPS标准的改进方法,并与原有CPS标准进行了对比。最后通过算例分析,验证了所提出改进标准比原有CPS标准更加公平合理。展开更多
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(82273233)Natural Science Foundation of Shanghai(22ZR1408900)Clinical Research Plan of SHDC(SHDC2020CR4079)。
文摘Quality control in disease diagnosis and treatment is critical for ensuring patient safety,optimizing resource utilization,and improving clinical outcomes.In endometrial cancer management,rigorous quality control ensures accurate diagnosis through standardized protocols,reducing misdiagnosis and enabling early detection.Treatment is guided by evidence-based guidelines,fostering multi-disciplinary collaboration and minimizing unnecessary variations in care.Quality control also enhances patient safety by reducing medical errors and ensuring compliance with ethical and legal standards.By fostering transparency,professional development,and patient-centered care,it supports the sustainable advancement of healthcare systems,ultimately improving outcomes for patients and the broader medical community.This quality control of endometrial cancer was drafted by the Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University based on the American Joint Committee on Cancer’s TNM staging(AJCC,8th edition,2017)and the International Federation of Obstetrics and Gynecology’s surgical pathological staging(FIGO,2009).
文摘Polycystic ovary syndrome(PCOS),a prevalent endocrine and metabolic disorder in women of reproductive age,necessitates standardized quality control criteria for diagnosis and treatment to minimize underdiagnosis,misdiagnosis,and enhance long-term outcomes.This article outlines key quality control strategies for PCOS based on the latest domestic and international guidelines,integrating clinical experience.Diagnostic standardization requires structured protocols for medical history collection,evaluation of clinical manifestations(eg,menstrual irregularities,hyperandrogenism),and auxiliary examinations(hormonal profiling,ultrasound)to prevent overdiagnosis or oversight.Unified quality control standards can improve the consistency of PCOS management,optimize reproductive and metabolic outcomes,and reduce future disease burden.By implementing these measures,healthcare systems can achieve higher diagnostic accuracy,promote evidence-based therapeutic interventions,and mitigate long-term health risks associated with PCOS.
文摘Introduction: Standard Precautions are a set of measures applied in the care of all individuals/patients regardless of their infectious status aiming at preventing healthcare workers and patients from infections, preventing environmental contamination and spread of infections to the community. Many health facilities have not implemented them to an acceptable level. The purpose of the study is to report progress of improvement in health facilities readiness to implement standard precautions for infection prevention and control based on SARA reports. Methods: We generated mean scores of all standard precautions each year and calculated their standard deviations, variances and confidence intervals. One-way ANOVA was used to determine if the mean scores were equal. Finally, the trend of improvement in health facilities readiness to implement the standard precautions was generated. Results: A total of nine standard precautions were reported in SARA reports for 2012, 2017 and 2020. The mean scores of the standard precautions were 52.22% in 2012, 64.55% in 2017 and 69.66% in 2020. The overall trend showed an increase in health facilities readiness to implement standard precautions, although the mean scores were not statistically different (p-value 0.3217). Conclusion: SARA surveys conducted in Tanzania in 2012, 2017 and 2020 have shown an overall increase in health facilities readiness to implement standard precautions. Safe final waste disposal was being done in fewest facilities while single-use or auto-disable syringes were in most facilities that were sampled in all years. SARA surveys may be a useful way to evaluate Infection Prevention and Control adherence in health facilities.
文摘Technology standard alliance, as vectors of research, development and circulation for technology standard, has already become an important transformation form from laboratory standard to fact standard for all countries. However, during the process of forming the technology standard alliance, it is a focus for members in the alliance to take control over others. How to construct a scientific and reasonable decision model of control over technology standard alliance is closely related to each enterprise member＇s interest. Under the condition that the risk is neutral, the paper explored necessary and sufficient conditions of knowledge sharing and the most endeavor among enterprise members through constructing a decision model of control over technology standard alliance, and put forward that the joint control model was the best decision model for constructing the technology standard alliance.
基金financial support from National Major Scientific and Technological Special Project for "Significant New Drugs Development" (2014ZX09304307-002)Youth Development Research Foundation of NIFDC (2013WA8)the National Natural Foundation of China (81303214)
文摘An effective quality control system is the key to ensuring the quality, safety and efficacy of traditional Chinese medicines(TCMs). However, the current quality standard research lacks top-level design and systematic design,mostly based on specific technologies or evaluation methods. To resolve the challenges and questions of quality control of TCMs, a brand-new quality standard system, named "iVarious", was proposed. The system comprises eight elements in a modular format. Meaning of every element was specifically illustrated via corresponding research instances. Furthermore, frankincense study was taken as an example for demonstrating standards and research process, based on the "i Various" system. This system highlighted a holistic strategy for effectiveness,security, integrity and systematization of quality and safety control standards of TCMs. The establishment of"i Various" integrates multi-disciplinary technologies and progressive methods, basis elements and key points of standard construction. The system provides a novel idea and technological demonstration for regulation establishment of TCMs quality standards.
文摘随着高比例新能源的接入,互联电力系统不同控制区间的电源结构差异日益增大,有些控制区新能源装机增加、常规机组减少导致调频需求增加但控制能力下降。传统联络线功率频率偏差控制(tie-line power and frequency bias control,TBC)模式下的控制性能评价标准(control performance standard,CPS)标准,通过频率偏差系数来确定各控制区的考核阈值,却未考虑各控制区客观电源结构的影响,在高比例新能源电力系统中的不适应性日益凸显。首先分析了现有CPS标准的前提条件与内涵,揭示了CPS标准在高比例新能源电力系统中的不适应性,进而提出了控制区固有区域控制偏差(area control area,ACE)标准差的概念,利用固有ACE标准差确定考核阈值,提出了CPS标准的改进方法,并与原有CPS标准进行了对比。最后通过算例分析,验证了所提出改进标准比原有CPS标准更加公平合理。
