Shipboard cranes are extensively utilized in numerous fields such as cargo transferring and offshore engineering.The control of shipboard cranes,especially the antiswing control of payloads,has attracted much research...Shipboard cranes are extensively utilized in numerous fields such as cargo transferring and offshore engineering.The control of shipboard cranes,especially the antiswing control of payloads,has attracted much research attention due to their typical underactuation characteristics and complicated dynamics.Through comparisons of the traditional land-fixed cranes,a brief review on modeling and dynamics analysis is presented to illustrate the tremendous challenges and difficulties in controller design for shipboard cranes.A comprehensive review and brief analysis of shipboard crane control strategies are further presented.Some future research directions are also put forward for reference.It is expected that the paper will be useful for improving existing control schemes and generating novel control approaches for shipboard crane systems.展开更多
For thousands of years, moxibustion has been used for various diseases in China and other Asian countries. Despite the recent surge in Chinese herbal studies, few randomized controlled trials have been conducted on th...For thousands of years, moxibustion has been used for various diseases in China and other Asian countries. Despite the recent surge in Chinese herbal studies, few randomized controlled trials have been conducted on this modality, possibly due to the lacking of suitable double blinding methodology. This is a review of extant sham moxa devices and an introduction to a recently developed device that needs further validation.展开更多
OBJECTIVE: To assess the renal protective effects of curcumin administration ondiabetic rats/mice.METHODS: Databases were searched electronically and conference papers searched manually for search terms to find releva...OBJECTIVE: To assess the renal protective effects of curcumin administration ondiabetic rats/mice.METHODS: Databases were searched electronically and conference papers searched manually for search terms to find relevant studies. Articles were assessed independently by two reviewers. Review Manager 5.1 was used fordata analysis.RESULTS: Fourteen randomized controlled experiments were included. Meta-analysis demonstrated that blood sugar levels and kidney weight to body weight ratios in the model group were higher than those in the normal group, and the curcumin group had significantly lower mesangial area to glomerular area ratios compared with the model group, and also lower levels of urinary protein,blood urea nitrogen and serum creatinine.CONCLUSION: Curcumin shows protective effects on the kidneys of rats/mice with diabetes.展开更多
Surgery following neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy(NCRT) is a common multidisciplinary treatment for resectable esophageal cancer(EC). After analyzing 12 randomized controlled trials(RCTs), we discuss the key issues of s...Surgery following neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy(NCRT) is a common multidisciplinary treatment for resectable esophageal cancer(EC). After analyzing 12 randomized controlled trials(RCTs), we discuss the key issues of surgery in the management of resectable EC. Along with chemoradiotherapy, NCRT is recommended for patients with squamous cell carcinoma(SCC) and adenocarcinoma(AC), and most chemotherapy regimens are based on cisplatin, fluorouracil(FU), or both(CF). However, taxane-based schedules or additional studies, together with newer chemotherapies, are warranted. In nine clinical trials, post-operative complications were similar without significant differences between two treatment groups. In-hospital mortality was significantly different in only 1 out of 10 trials. Half of the randomized trials that compare NCRT with surgery in EC demonstrate an increase in overall survival or disease-free survival. NCRT offers a great opportunity for margin negative resection, decreased disease stage, and improved loco-regional control. However, NCRT does not affect the quality of life when combined with esophagectomy. Future trials should focus on the identification of optimum regimens and selection of patients who are most likely to benefit from specific treatment options.展开更多
OBJECTIVE:To evaluated the effectiveness and safety of Chinese herbal medicines(CHMs)for coronary heart disease(CHD)complicated with anxiety.METHODS:Randomized controlled clinical trials(RCTs)with parallel-groups were...OBJECTIVE:To evaluated the effectiveness and safety of Chinese herbal medicines(CHMs)for coronary heart disease(CHD)complicated with anxiety.METHODS:Randomized controlled clinical trials(RCTs)with parallel-groups were included after searching through electric-databases from inception to May,2017.Meta-analysis was undertaken with Rev Man 5.3 software.RESULTS:Twenty-three RCTs enrolling 1654 patients were included in this systematic review.The combination therapy(CHMs combined with anxiolytic)appeared to be superior to anxiolytic in terms of reducing the score of Zung Self-rating Anxiety scale(SAS)(mean Difference(MD),-12.25;95%confidence interval(CI),-14.01 to-10.48,eliminating method;MD,-3.92;95%CI,-5.48 to-2.35,tranquilizing method),improving the total effect rate(relative risk(RR),1.26;95%CI,1.08 to 1.46,eliminating method)and reducing the TCM symptoms scores(MD,-2.24;95%CI,-4.25 to-0.23,tranquilizing method)with a lower incidence of adverse events(RR,0.46;95%CI,0.25 to 0.85,tonifying method).CHMs demonstrated benefits in lowering the score of Hamilton Anxiety Rating scale(MD,-6.77;95%CI,-8.16 to-5.37,tonifying method),lowering the score of SAS(MD,-10.1;95%CI,-13.73 to-6.30,tonifying method)and reducing the TCM symptoms scores(MD,-2.18;95%CI,-3.12 to-1.24,tranquilizing method).CONCLUSION:We got a low evidence that CHMs,which had less side effects,showed potentially benefits to patients with CHD complicated with anxiety.While the results should be interpreted with caution.Trails with higher quality are required to verify the effectiveness and safety of CHMs for CHD complicated with anxiety.展开更多
OBJECTIVE: To assess the effectiveness and safety of Xianling Gubao(XLGB) Capsule in the treatment of osteoporotic fracture(OF). METHODS: Published articles from eight Chinese and English databases were searched from ...OBJECTIVE: To assess the effectiveness and safety of Xianling Gubao(XLGB) Capsule in the treatment of osteoporotic fracture(OF). METHODS: Published articles from eight Chinese and English databases were searched from inception to August 2017. Clinical trials were selected according to inclusion criteria and exclusion criteria. Risk evaluation tool was used to assess the quality of studies. Data was extracted and meta-analysis was performed by RevMan5.3 software. RESULTS: A total of 229 articles were searched, and 27 were included for study with 2292 samples,including 1152 cases in the experiment group and 1140 cases in the control group. For patients with four limbs OF,XLGB Capsule combined with manipulation reposition with plaster external fixation can shorten healing time of fracture[MD=–0.77, 95% CI(–1.25, –0.30)], increase bone mineral density(BMD) [MD=0.17, 95% CI(0.10, 0.25)], blood calcium content [MD=0.52, 95% CI(0.38, 0.64)], phosphorous content in serum [MD=0.28, 95% CI(0.21, 0.35)], and alkaline phosphatase content [SMD=–5.24, 95% CI(–3.45, –2.42)]. In the treatment of spine OF, XLGB Capsule had no significant effects on reducing re-fracture rate of non-surgical vertebral body, but it could postpone the interval time of refracture of non-surgical vertebral bodies [RR=0.71, 95% CI(0.23, 2.18)]. Combined treatment with XLGB Capsule could improve clinical effective rate [RR=1.17, 95% CI(1.11, 1.23)]. Both alone and combined application of XLGB Capsule could increase BMD and calcitonin content of patients with spine OF. Combined application of calcium or medicine that regulating calcium metabolism was faster in reducing Cobb angle of centrum kyphosis than application alone [MD=–2.68,95% CI(–3.72, –2.12)]. Alone or combined application showed no significant effects on osteoporotic pain. The adverse reactions reported in the study were mainly the digestive system damage. CONCLUSIONS: XLGB Capsule alone or combine with other western medicine had better efficacy in treating OF than western medicine treatment alone. However,there was potential bias in the included studies, so the conclusion still needed further high quality randomized controlled trials to improve the evidence level.展开更多
There are many reservoirs in China,and serious reservoir sedimentation affects reservoir function and reservoir safety.It is of great significance for restoring the reservoir capacity,improving the efficiency of the r...There are many reservoirs in China,and serious reservoir sedimentation affects reservoir function and reservoir safety.It is of great significance for restoring the reservoir capacity,improving the efficiency of the reservoir and prolonging the service life of the reservoir to carry out the research on reservoir sedimentation control and storage capacity recovery technology,in the case of fewer and fewer good dam sites suitable for the construction of the reservoir and the increasing accumulation of reservoir sedimentation.In this paper,influence factor of the storage loss,sedimentation control and reservoir capacity recovery technology in China are briefly reviewed.It is necessary to carry out research work on reservoir sedimentation investigation and reservoir siltation mechanism and control measures.展开更多
Water pollution is a steadily worsening problem because of growth in the chemical, pharmaceutical, leather, textile, and mining industries. In addition, municipal wastewater further contributes to polluting pure water...Water pollution is a steadily worsening problem because of growth in the chemical, pharmaceutical, leather, textile, and mining industries. In addition, municipal wastewater further contributes to polluting pure water sources. Hence, adequate treatment is essential before it released to avoid pollution of pure water sources. Chapter 3 describes guidelines for wastewater treatment taking into account its physical, chemical and mechanical nature. The guidelines are also helpful in maintaining the operational treatment facilities;it is estimated that 10 to 20 percent of wastewater treatment facilities even in developed countries are not operating properly. Treatment methods are divided into conventional and Natural biological processes and the advantages and drawbacks of each are clearly explained. The influential parameters are identified for the primary (settling to remove solid wastes), secondary (bacteria in removing pollutants) and tertiary (involving advanced techniques such as Biological Nutrient Removal) water purification methods, particularly municipal wastewater treatments. The biological treatment process via microorganisms is particularly suited for Lagoons, Ponds and wetlands because they avoid secondary by-products contaminants. Guidelines are given for the construction of artificial lakes and ponds to be used for wastewater treatment, and diagrams, designs, schemes, and mathematical models are provided. These can also be used for some difficult industrial wastewaters as well as for municipal water containing pharmaceuticals and personal care products. The author emphasized that wetland treatment is often the best choice for the pre-treatment of water and wastewater based on cost and the efficiency. This wastewater treatment chapter is very useful for environment researchers, and engineers, ecologist and the environmental education programs.展开更多
Objective To assess the efficacy and possible adverse effects of acupuncture on frozen shoulder. Methods Based on the key words, i.e. acupuncture, electroacupuncture, acupuncture-moxibustion, frozen shoulder, adhesive...Objective To assess the efficacy and possible adverse effects of acupuncture on frozen shoulder. Methods Based on the key words, i.e. acupuncture, electroacupuncture, acupuncture-moxibustion, frozen shoulder, adhesive capsulitis, shoulder disorders etc., the Chinese databases were retrieved, including Oochrane Musculoskeleta Group, Oochrane Controlled Trials Register, Oochrane Complementary Medicine Field, and the central database of the Oochrane Library as well as MEDLINE, EMBASE and Chinese Biomedical CD （OBM-disc）. 20 Chinese medical journals and relevant academic conference proceedings have been searched manually. The reference lists of identified documents were checked as the supplementary retrieval. Results 6 randomized controlled trials on frozen shoulder with acupuncture and electroacupuncture were included, indicating quite advanced study quality. There were 34 to 257 participants in the trials, 668 in total. The total OR of CMS/OSA was OR 3.49 （95 % CI - 2.64 to 9.63）, the total OR of VAS was OR - 1.24 （95% CI -3.50 to 1.01）, the total OR of ROM was OR 35.70 （95% CI 22.91 to 48.49）; the total OR of MELLE was OR 4.30 （95% OI 2.32 to 7.98）. Conclusion It is shown in the present limited inclusive trials on frozen shoulder that acupuncture is the safe therapy and effective on improving the global function, relieving pain, and improving the range of motion of shoulder. All the therapeutic effects of acupuncture are superior to those in control group. However, much more high quality trials are required to provide much stronger evidence. Additionally, much more evidences on validity of frozen shoulder with other assessing indexes involved are required in the treatment with acupuncture.展开更多
目的系统评价围手术期应用糖皮质激素对肝切除患者术后应激反应及并发症的影响。方法计算机检索PubMed、Cochrane Library、Web of Science、Embase、SinoMed、WanFang Data、CNKI和VIP数据库,搜集关于肝切除患者围手术期应用糖皮质激...目的系统评价围手术期应用糖皮质激素对肝切除患者术后应激反应及并发症的影响。方法计算机检索PubMed、Cochrane Library、Web of Science、Embase、SinoMed、WanFang Data、CNKI和VIP数据库,搜集关于肝切除患者围手术期应用糖皮质激素的随机对照试验(RCT),检索时限均为建库至2025年4月30日。由2名研究者独立筛选文献、提取数据并评价纳入研究的偏倚风险后,采用RevMan 5.4软件进行Meta分析。结果共纳入15个RCT,包括1332例患者。Meta分析结果显示,与对照组相比,糖皮质激素组患者术后总并发症发生率[RR=0.73,95%CI(0.62,0.87),P<0.001]、术后感染发生率[RR=0.59,95%CI(0.38,0.91),P=0.02]、肝衰竭发生率[RR=0.66,95%CI(0.45,0.98),P=0.04]均较低,C反应蛋白[SMD=-0.83,95%CI(-1.02,-0.65),P<0.001]、白细胞介素-6[SMD=-0.99,95%CI(-1.17,-0.80),P<0.001]等炎症因子水平均较低,术后总胆红素[SMD=-0.59,95%CI(-0.88,-0.29),P<0.001]、天冬氨酸转氨酶[SMD=-0.96,95%CI(-1.59,-0.33),P=0.003]、丙氨酸转氨酶[SMD=-1.20,95%CI(-2.16,-0.24),P=0.01]水平等肝功能指标均较低;糖皮质激素组患者住院时间较短[MD=-1.24,95%CI(-2.43,-0.05),P=0.04]。结论当前证据显示,围手术期应用糖皮质激素可显著降低肝切除患者术后总并发症及感染、肝衰竭发生率,减少炎症因子释放,促进术后肝功能恢复,缩短住院时间,促进患者术后恢复。展开更多
基金supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(51939001,61751202,61803064,61976033,U1813203)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(3132019124,3132019126,3132019140)+2 种基金the China Scholarship Council(201903210010)the Natural Science Foundation of Liaoning Province(20170540093,20180550082)the Science and Technology Innovation Funds of Dalian(2018J11CY022)
文摘Shipboard cranes are extensively utilized in numerous fields such as cargo transferring and offshore engineering.The control of shipboard cranes,especially the antiswing control of payloads,has attracted much research attention due to their typical underactuation characteristics and complicated dynamics.Through comparisons of the traditional land-fixed cranes,a brief review on modeling and dynamics analysis is presented to illustrate the tremendous challenges and difficulties in controller design for shipboard cranes.A comprehensive review and brief analysis of shipboard crane control strategies are further presented.Some future research directions are also put forward for reference.It is expected that the paper will be useful for improving existing control schemes and generating novel control approaches for shipboard crane systems.
基金partially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation (No.81320108028 and No.81373730)the Key Program of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of China (No.ZYSNXDCC-ZDXK-07)
文摘For thousands of years, moxibustion has been used for various diseases in China and other Asian countries. Despite the recent surge in Chinese herbal studies, few randomized controlled trials have been conducted on this modality, possibly due to the lacking of suitable double blinding methodology. This is a review of extant sham moxa devices and an introduction to a recently developed device that needs further validation.
文摘OBJECTIVE: To assess the renal protective effects of curcumin administration ondiabetic rats/mice.METHODS: Databases were searched electronically and conference papers searched manually for search terms to find relevant studies. Articles were assessed independently by two reviewers. Review Manager 5.1 was used fordata analysis.RESULTS: Fourteen randomized controlled experiments were included. Meta-analysis demonstrated that blood sugar levels and kidney weight to body weight ratios in the model group were higher than those in the normal group, and the curcumin group had significantly lower mesangial area to glomerular area ratios compared with the model group, and also lower levels of urinary protein,blood urea nitrogen and serum creatinine.CONCLUSION: Curcumin shows protective effects on the kidneys of rats/mice with diabetes.
文摘Surgery following neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy(NCRT) is a common multidisciplinary treatment for resectable esophageal cancer(EC). After analyzing 12 randomized controlled trials(RCTs), we discuss the key issues of surgery in the management of resectable EC. Along with chemoradiotherapy, NCRT is recommended for patients with squamous cell carcinoma(SCC) and adenocarcinoma(AC), and most chemotherapy regimens are based on cisplatin, fluorouracil(FU), or both(CF). However, taxane-based schedules or additional studies, together with newer chemotherapies, are warranted. In nine clinical trials, post-operative complications were similar without significant differences between two treatment groups. In-hospital mortality was significantly different in only 1 out of 10 trials. Half of the randomized trials that compare NCRT with surgery in EC demonstrate an increase in overall survival or disease-free survival. NCRT offers a great opportunity for margin negative resection, decreased disease stage, and improved loco-regional control. However, NCRT does not affect the quality of life when combined with esophagectomy. Future trials should focus on the identification of optimum regimens and selection of patients who are most likely to benefit from specific treatment options.
文摘OBJECTIVE:To evaluated the effectiveness and safety of Chinese herbal medicines(CHMs)for coronary heart disease(CHD)complicated with anxiety.METHODS:Randomized controlled clinical trials(RCTs)with parallel-groups were included after searching through electric-databases from inception to May,2017.Meta-analysis was undertaken with Rev Man 5.3 software.RESULTS:Twenty-three RCTs enrolling 1654 patients were included in this systematic review.The combination therapy(CHMs combined with anxiolytic)appeared to be superior to anxiolytic in terms of reducing the score of Zung Self-rating Anxiety scale(SAS)(mean Difference(MD),-12.25;95%confidence interval(CI),-14.01 to-10.48,eliminating method;MD,-3.92;95%CI,-5.48 to-2.35,tranquilizing method),improving the total effect rate(relative risk(RR),1.26;95%CI,1.08 to 1.46,eliminating method)and reducing the TCM symptoms scores(MD,-2.24;95%CI,-4.25 to-0.23,tranquilizing method)with a lower incidence of adverse events(RR,0.46;95%CI,0.25 to 0.85,tonifying method).CHMs demonstrated benefits in lowering the score of Hamilton Anxiety Rating scale(MD,-6.77;95%CI,-8.16 to-5.37,tonifying method),lowering the score of SAS(MD,-10.1;95%CI,-13.73 to-6.30,tonifying method)and reducing the TCM symptoms scores(MD,-2.18;95%CI,-3.12 to-1.24,tranquilizing method).CONCLUSION:We got a low evidence that CHMs,which had less side effects,showed potentially benefits to patients with CHD complicated with anxiety.While the results should be interpreted with caution.Trails with higher quality are required to verify the effectiveness and safety of CHMs for CHD complicated with anxiety.
文摘OBJECTIVE: To assess the effectiveness and safety of Xianling Gubao(XLGB) Capsule in the treatment of osteoporotic fracture(OF). METHODS: Published articles from eight Chinese and English databases were searched from inception to August 2017. Clinical trials were selected according to inclusion criteria and exclusion criteria. Risk evaluation tool was used to assess the quality of studies. Data was extracted and meta-analysis was performed by RevMan5.3 software. RESULTS: A total of 229 articles were searched, and 27 were included for study with 2292 samples,including 1152 cases in the experiment group and 1140 cases in the control group. For patients with four limbs OF,XLGB Capsule combined with manipulation reposition with plaster external fixation can shorten healing time of fracture[MD=–0.77, 95% CI(–1.25, –0.30)], increase bone mineral density(BMD) [MD=0.17, 95% CI(0.10, 0.25)], blood calcium content [MD=0.52, 95% CI(0.38, 0.64)], phosphorous content in serum [MD=0.28, 95% CI(0.21, 0.35)], and alkaline phosphatase content [SMD=–5.24, 95% CI(–3.45, –2.42)]. In the treatment of spine OF, XLGB Capsule had no significant effects on reducing re-fracture rate of non-surgical vertebral body, but it could postpone the interval time of refracture of non-surgical vertebral bodies [RR=0.71, 95% CI(0.23, 2.18)]. Combined treatment with XLGB Capsule could improve clinical effective rate [RR=1.17, 95% CI(1.11, 1.23)]. Both alone and combined application of XLGB Capsule could increase BMD and calcitonin content of patients with spine OF. Combined application of calcium or medicine that regulating calcium metabolism was faster in reducing Cobb angle of centrum kyphosis than application alone [MD=–2.68,95% CI(–3.72, –2.12)]. Alone or combined application showed no significant effects on osteoporotic pain. The adverse reactions reported in the study were mainly the digestive system damage. CONCLUSIONS: XLGB Capsule alone or combine with other western medicine had better efficacy in treating OF than western medicine treatment alone. However,there was potential bias in the included studies, so the conclusion still needed further high quality randomized controlled trials to improve the evidence level.
基金Supported by National Key R&D Plan(2017YFC0405201,2018YFC0407404)Achievements Transformation Project of China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research(SE10003A012017)
文摘There are many reservoirs in China,and serious reservoir sedimentation affects reservoir function and reservoir safety.It is of great significance for restoring the reservoir capacity,improving the efficiency of the reservoir and prolonging the service life of the reservoir to carry out the research on reservoir sedimentation control and storage capacity recovery technology,in the case of fewer and fewer good dam sites suitable for the construction of the reservoir and the increasing accumulation of reservoir sedimentation.In this paper,influence factor of the storage loss,sedimentation control and reservoir capacity recovery technology in China are briefly reviewed.It is necessary to carry out research work on reservoir sedimentation investigation and reservoir siltation mechanism and control measures.
文摘Water pollution is a steadily worsening problem because of growth in the chemical, pharmaceutical, leather, textile, and mining industries. In addition, municipal wastewater further contributes to polluting pure water sources. Hence, adequate treatment is essential before it released to avoid pollution of pure water sources. Chapter 3 describes guidelines for wastewater treatment taking into account its physical, chemical and mechanical nature. The guidelines are also helpful in maintaining the operational treatment facilities;it is estimated that 10 to 20 percent of wastewater treatment facilities even in developed countries are not operating properly. Treatment methods are divided into conventional and Natural biological processes and the advantages and drawbacks of each are clearly explained. The influential parameters are identified for the primary (settling to remove solid wastes), secondary (bacteria in removing pollutants) and tertiary (involving advanced techniques such as Biological Nutrient Removal) water purification methods, particularly municipal wastewater treatments. The biological treatment process via microorganisms is particularly suited for Lagoons, Ponds and wetlands because they avoid secondary by-products contaminants. Guidelines are given for the construction of artificial lakes and ponds to be used for wastewater treatment, and diagrams, designs, schemes, and mathematical models are provided. These can also be used for some difficult industrial wastewaters as well as for municipal water containing pharmaceuticals and personal care products. The author emphasized that wetland treatment is often the best choice for the pre-treatment of water and wastewater based on cost and the efficiency. This wastewater treatment chapter is very useful for environment researchers, and engineers, ecologist and the environmental education programs.
文摘Objective To assess the efficacy and possible adverse effects of acupuncture on frozen shoulder. Methods Based on the key words, i.e. acupuncture, electroacupuncture, acupuncture-moxibustion, frozen shoulder, adhesive capsulitis, shoulder disorders etc., the Chinese databases were retrieved, including Oochrane Musculoskeleta Group, Oochrane Controlled Trials Register, Oochrane Complementary Medicine Field, and the central database of the Oochrane Library as well as MEDLINE, EMBASE and Chinese Biomedical CD （OBM-disc）. 20 Chinese medical journals and relevant academic conference proceedings have been searched manually. The reference lists of identified documents were checked as the supplementary retrieval. Results 6 randomized controlled trials on frozen shoulder with acupuncture and electroacupuncture were included, indicating quite advanced study quality. There were 34 to 257 participants in the trials, 668 in total. The total OR of CMS/OSA was OR 3.49 （95 % CI - 2.64 to 9.63）, the total OR of VAS was OR - 1.24 （95% CI -3.50 to 1.01）, the total OR of ROM was OR 35.70 （95% CI 22.91 to 48.49）; the total OR of MELLE was OR 4.30 （95% OI 2.32 to 7.98）. Conclusion It is shown in the present limited inclusive trials on frozen shoulder that acupuncture is the safe therapy and effective on improving the global function, relieving pain, and improving the range of motion of shoulder. All the therapeutic effects of acupuncture are superior to those in control group. However, much more high quality trials are required to provide much stronger evidence. Additionally, much more evidences on validity of frozen shoulder with other assessing indexes involved are required in the treatment with acupuncture.
