Project cost can control the input in construction project and improve economic benefits of construction enterprises,so it is an important section of construction engineering.Reasonable control and management of proje...Project cost can control the input in construction project and improve economic benefits of construction enterprises,so it is an important section of construction engineering.Reasonable control and management of project cost is the principle that building units must obey in the whole process of project,particularly in the construction stage,so it is extremely important to control and manage the project cost.This paper first analyzed possible causes for the unreasonable cost of construction projects,and put forward pertinent strategies for the control and management of construction project cost.展开更多
In recent years,China’s society and economy has been developing very rapidly,and various industries are showing a trend of vigorous development.The importance of control and management of project cost in highway proj...In recent years,China’s society and economy has been developing very rapidly,and various industries are showing a trend of vigorous development.The importance of control and management of project cost in highway project management is becoming more and more prominent.PPP model has been widely used in the control and management of highway project cost with its own unique advantages.The author analyzes the important advantages of the PPP model and the existing problems in the cost control and management of highway projects,and puts forward effective measures for the cost control and management of highway projects using the PPP model,in hope of helping with the smooth implementation of the work.展开更多
The quality of products is closely related to people's life, any dangerous products will endanger people’s life and health, so that consumers cannot live a normal life. However, it is not enough to only rely on t...The quality of products is closely related to people's life, any dangerous products will endanger people’s life and health, so that consumers cannot live a normal life. However, it is not enough to only rely on the social responsibility of economic operators to ensure that the product quality meets the standard. It is also very important to check whether the inspection organization is competent and responsible. Although the inspection agency has taken numerous measures to improve the quality of products, in any case, it is very difficult to reduce the quality risk to zero. Therefore, in order to improve the accuracy of product quality control, it is necessary to introduce the concept of risk management into the activities of product quality inspection institutions.展开更多
Indoor temperature is a critical environmental factor for piglets that affects the health,welfare,and production efficiency of domesticated pigs.However,there are limited reports about wireless intelligent thermal con...Indoor temperature is a critical environmental factor for piglets that affects the health,welfare,and production efficiency of domesticated pigs.However,there are limited reports about wireless intelligent thermal control and management system for piglets in largescale pig farms,and evaluation energy saving.This paper presents an Automatic Thermal Control and Management System(ATCMS)of micro-environment for piglets,that could provide a suitable production environment and reduce the energy consumption.ATCMS includes automatic temperature control system(ATCS),multipoint temperature management system(MTMS)and remote access.The infrared heating lamps are chosen in the ATCS for their good performance in heating rate and heating distribution.In order to meet a scientific temperature requirements of piglet growth,the suitable thermal ranges of each growth-stage(STREG)are employed as intelligent control strategies to generate an automatic and precise heating control.MTMS is responsible for communicating with ATCSs and transmitting information to database server for record based on wireless technology.Remote access offers information services for remote administrators by smart phones and clients via Internet.The experiments of ATCMS were carried out both in winter and summer at Binsheng Breeding Piggery Farm,Acheng City,Heilongjiang Province,China.Results showed that the temperature provided by ATCS had been kept in STREG of piglets during the whole winter period.When the indoor temperature during summer period were in or above STREG,heating lamps were turned off by ATCS for a long time.The energy consumption of ATCS were 63.60%in winter and 39.35%in summer with continuous heating system operation.Therefore,ATCMS could take the suitable thermal ranges of each growth-stage as an intelligent control principle to give an automatic and precise control to heating devices in order to meet a scientific temperature requirements of piglet growth.展开更多
This article proposes a method of management and control of a continuous bus powered by renewable energies for autonomous applications. The DC bus is obtained from two systems of renewable sources (the solar system an...This article proposes a method of management and control of a continuous bus powered by renewable energies for autonomous applications. The DC bus is obtained from two systems of renewable sources (the solar system and the wind system) and storage battery (Lithium Ion). The continuous bus control and management procedure require efficiency in the control of the charge and discharge of the battery according to the load energy demand (DC Motor). The battery charging process is non-linear, varying over time with considerable delay, so it is difficult to achieve the best performance on control with energy management using traditional control approaches. A fuzzy control strategy is used in this article for battery control. To improve battery life, fuzzy control manages the desired state of charge (SOC). The entire system designed is modeled and simulated on MATLAB/Simulink Environment.展开更多
Chemical process design is a comprehensive project, involving many aspects. Its main contents include production safety, economic benefits and environmental protection. Therefore, it is necessary to strictly control a...Chemical process design is a comprehensive project, involving many aspects. Its main contents include production safety, economic benefits and environmental protection. Therefore, it is necessary to strictly control all links in the actual operation of chemical process, which can provide some help for relevant enterprises. In chemical process design, it is mainly to make reasonable arrangements for the production process, and the actual work needs to be carried out in strict accordance with relevant regulations. In this paper, the safety problems and control management in chemical process design are analyzed and discussed in detail. Firstly, the safety problems and solutions in chemical process design are described. Secondly, in view of this case, the problems and control points in solving management and avoiding hidden problems are put forward for detailed description and discussion, Finally, it is concluded that the chemical process design scheme can effectively ensure the safety of employees' lives and property and the personal health of staff, which plays a positive role in reducing the risk and has a certain practical significance. At the same time, it can also promote the continuous progress of China's social and economic development level, improve work efficiency and quality, achieve the goal of sustainable and healthy development, and further accelerate the construction process of socialist market economy.展开更多
With the development of national economy, the internal management of administrative institutions in China is also gradually improved and strengthening financial management is the unit should take responsibility. Under...With the development of national economy, the internal management of administrative institutions in China is also gradually improved and strengthening financial management is the unit should take responsibility. Under the background of the new era, strengthening the financial internal financial control of administrative institutions is an indispensable step in the process of financial dynamic management of administrative institutions. This article analyzes and discusses it in detail combined with the actual situation.展开更多
Chemical ecology of the spruce bark beetle lps typographus （L.） was reviewed. The outbreak of 1.typographus in central Europe triggered extensive research on chemical ecology, Males initiate host location and produc...Chemical ecology of the spruce bark beetle lps typographus （L.） was reviewed. The outbreak of 1.typographus in central Europe triggered extensive research on chemical ecology, Males initiate host location and produce semiochemicals which attract both males and females, A successful mass attack must first overcome the resistance of the host tree. Pioneer I. typographus evolved to use the resin flow of host trees as kairomones in host location, and synthesized semiochemicals initially to detoxify the resin. If small bark beetle populations infest healthy trees, mass attack is prevented by host resistance, Nine monoterpene alcohols were found in male hind-guts, including cis-verbenol （cV） and 2-methyl-3-buten-2-ol （MB） which are regarded as primary aggregation pheromones, and a low proportion of lpsdienol （ld） which increases attractiveness of cV and MB, Verbenone （Vn） and Ipsenol （le） are anti-aggregation pheromones, that play important roles in adjusting attack density and insect density under the bark. Non-host volatiles are repellent to L typographus, so that beetles do not waste energy boring into non-host trees. The relationship between host resistance, pheromone compounds and behavior, non-host volatiles, bioassays and mass trapping are reviewed, Results of field bioassays stressed that traps baited with specific pheromones could be used as a reasonable protection measure.展开更多
文摘Project cost can control the input in construction project and improve economic benefits of construction enterprises,so it is an important section of construction engineering.Reasonable control and management of project cost is the principle that building units must obey in the whole process of project,particularly in the construction stage,so it is extremely important to control and manage the project cost.This paper first analyzed possible causes for the unreasonable cost of construction projects,and put forward pertinent strategies for the control and management of construction project cost.
文摘In recent years,China’s society and economy has been developing very rapidly,and various industries are showing a trend of vigorous development.The importance of control and management of project cost in highway project management is becoming more and more prominent.PPP model has been widely used in the control and management of highway project cost with its own unique advantages.The author analyzes the important advantages of the PPP model and the existing problems in the cost control and management of highway projects,and puts forward effective measures for the cost control and management of highway projects using the PPP model,in hope of helping with the smooth implementation of the work.
文摘The quality of products is closely related to people's life, any dangerous products will endanger people’s life and health, so that consumers cannot live a normal life. However, it is not enough to only rely on the social responsibility of economic operators to ensure that the product quality meets the standard. It is also very important to check whether the inspection organization is competent and responsible. Although the inspection agency has taken numerous measures to improve the quality of products, in any case, it is very difficult to reduce the quality risk to zero. Therefore, in order to improve the accuracy of product quality control, it is necessary to introduce the concept of risk management into the activities of product quality inspection institutions.
基金supported by the project of National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)(32072787)the project of scholar plan at Northeast Agriculture University(19YJXG02),China+1 种基金the Earmarked Fund for China Agriculture Research System(CARS-35),Chinathe Key Laboratory of Swine Facilities Engineering,Ministry of Agriculture,P.R.China.
文摘Indoor temperature is a critical environmental factor for piglets that affects the health,welfare,and production efficiency of domesticated pigs.However,there are limited reports about wireless intelligent thermal control and management system for piglets in largescale pig farms,and evaluation energy saving.This paper presents an Automatic Thermal Control and Management System(ATCMS)of micro-environment for piglets,that could provide a suitable production environment and reduce the energy consumption.ATCMS includes automatic temperature control system(ATCS),multipoint temperature management system(MTMS)and remote access.The infrared heating lamps are chosen in the ATCS for their good performance in heating rate and heating distribution.In order to meet a scientific temperature requirements of piglet growth,the suitable thermal ranges of each growth-stage(STREG)are employed as intelligent control strategies to generate an automatic and precise heating control.MTMS is responsible for communicating with ATCSs and transmitting information to database server for record based on wireless technology.Remote access offers information services for remote administrators by smart phones and clients via Internet.The experiments of ATCMS were carried out both in winter and summer at Binsheng Breeding Piggery Farm,Acheng City,Heilongjiang Province,China.Results showed that the temperature provided by ATCS had been kept in STREG of piglets during the whole winter period.When the indoor temperature during summer period were in or above STREG,heating lamps were turned off by ATCS for a long time.The energy consumption of ATCS were 63.60%in winter and 39.35%in summer with continuous heating system operation.Therefore,ATCMS could take the suitable thermal ranges of each growth-stage as an intelligent control principle to give an automatic and precise control to heating devices in order to meet a scientific temperature requirements of piglet growth.
文摘This article proposes a method of management and control of a continuous bus powered by renewable energies for autonomous applications. The DC bus is obtained from two systems of renewable sources (the solar system and the wind system) and storage battery (Lithium Ion). The continuous bus control and management procedure require efficiency in the control of the charge and discharge of the battery according to the load energy demand (DC Motor). The battery charging process is non-linear, varying over time with considerable delay, so it is difficult to achieve the best performance on control with energy management using traditional control approaches. A fuzzy control strategy is used in this article for battery control. To improve battery life, fuzzy control manages the desired state of charge (SOC). The entire system designed is modeled and simulated on MATLAB/Simulink Environment.
文摘Chemical process design is a comprehensive project, involving many aspects. Its main contents include production safety, economic benefits and environmental protection. Therefore, it is necessary to strictly control all links in the actual operation of chemical process, which can provide some help for relevant enterprises. In chemical process design, it is mainly to make reasonable arrangements for the production process, and the actual work needs to be carried out in strict accordance with relevant regulations. In this paper, the safety problems and control management in chemical process design are analyzed and discussed in detail. Firstly, the safety problems and solutions in chemical process design are described. Secondly, in view of this case, the problems and control points in solving management and avoiding hidden problems are put forward for detailed description and discussion, Finally, it is concluded that the chemical process design scheme can effectively ensure the safety of employees' lives and property and the personal health of staff, which plays a positive role in reducing the risk and has a certain practical significance. At the same time, it can also promote the continuous progress of China's social and economic development level, improve work efficiency and quality, achieve the goal of sustainable and healthy development, and further accelerate the construction process of socialist market economy.
文摘With the development of national economy, the internal management of administrative institutions in China is also gradually improved and strengthening financial management is the unit should take responsibility. Under the background of the new era, strengthening the financial internal financial control of administrative institutions is an indispensable step in the process of financial dynamic management of administrative institutions. This article analyzes and discusses it in detail combined with the actual situation.
文摘Chemical ecology of the spruce bark beetle lps typographus （L.） was reviewed. The outbreak of 1.typographus in central Europe triggered extensive research on chemical ecology, Males initiate host location and produce semiochemicals which attract both males and females, A successful mass attack must first overcome the resistance of the host tree. Pioneer I. typographus evolved to use the resin flow of host trees as kairomones in host location, and synthesized semiochemicals initially to detoxify the resin. If small bark beetle populations infest healthy trees, mass attack is prevented by host resistance, Nine monoterpene alcohols were found in male hind-guts, including cis-verbenol （cV） and 2-methyl-3-buten-2-ol （MB） which are regarded as primary aggregation pheromones, and a low proportion of lpsdienol （ld） which increases attractiveness of cV and MB, Verbenone （Vn） and Ipsenol （le） are anti-aggregation pheromones, that play important roles in adjusting attack density and insect density under the bark. Non-host volatiles are repellent to L typographus, so that beetles do not waste energy boring into non-host trees. The relationship between host resistance, pheromone compounds and behavior, non-host volatiles, bioassays and mass trapping are reviewed, Results of field bioassays stressed that traps baited with specific pheromones could be used as a reasonable protection measure.
