The future of control in cyberspace of parallel worlds is discussed. It argues for the coming age of Control 5.0,the control technology for the new IT capable of dealing with artificial worlds with VR, AR, AI and robo...The future of control in cyberspace of parallel worlds is discussed. It argues for the coming age of Control 5.0,the control technology for the new IT capable of dealing with artificial worlds with VR, AR, AI and robotics. The discipline of automation needs a new interpretation of its core knowledge and skill set of modeling, analysis, and control for cyber-socialphysical systems, and a paradigm shift from Newtonian Systems with Newton's Laws or Big Laws with Small Data to Mertonian Systems with Merton's Laws or Small Laws with Big Data.展开更多
工业5.0引领制造业向以人为本的智能制造(人本智造)变革,制造系统中不同岗位和角色的人展现出更多样化和更全面的操作、智能和社会属性。针对生产调度这一典型场景,在人-信息-物理生产系统(Human-cyber-physical production system,HCP...工业5.0引领制造业向以人为本的智能制造(人本智造)变革,制造系统中不同岗位和角色的人展现出更多样化和更全面的操作、智能和社会属性。针对生产调度这一典型场景,在人-信息-物理生产系统(Human-cyber-physical production system,HCPPS)的语义下,定义感知层-认知层-决策层贯通的智造回路环,从环内操作人融合的适应性创新、环上决策人融合的智能化创新和环外社会人融合的可持续创新这三个角度,构建多层次人本融合框架;并分别提出面向操作人融合的适应性调度技术、面向决策人融合的人-机混合智能技术和面向社会人融合的可持续协同优化技术;最后,以飞机脉动总装线典型调度场景为案例,验证了所提技术的有效性,为实现工业5.0的人本智造提供理论和技术实践参考。展开更多
The new energy power generation is becoming increasingly important in the power system.Such as photovoltaic power generation has become a research hotspot,however,due to the characteristics of light radiation changes,...The new energy power generation is becoming increasingly important in the power system.Such as photovoltaic power generation has become a research hotspot,however,due to the characteristics of light radiation changes,photovoltaic power generation is unstable and random,resulting in a low utilization rate and directly affecting the stability of the power grid.To solve this problem,this paper proposes a coordinated control strategy for a newenergy power generation system with a hybrid energy storage unit based on the lithium iron phosphate-supercapacitor hybrid energy storage unit.Firstly,the variational mode decomposition algorithm is used to separate the high and low frequencies of the power signal,which is conducive to the rapid and accurate suppression of the power fluctuation of the energy storage system.Secondly,the fuzzy control algorithm is introduced to balance the power between energy storage.In this paper,the actual data is used for simulation,and the simulation results show that the strategy realizes the effective suppression of the bus voltage fluctuation and the accurate control of the internal state of the energy storage unit,effectively avoiding problems such as overshoot and over-discharge,and can significantly improve the stability of the photovoltaic power generation systemand the stability of the Direct Current bus.It is of great significance to promote the development of collaborative control technology for photovoltaic hybrid energy storage units.展开更多
With the continuous advancement and maturation of technologies such as big data,artificial intelligence,virtual reality,robotics,human-machine collaboration,and augmented reality,many enterprises are finding new avenu...With the continuous advancement and maturation of technologies such as big data,artificial intelligence,virtual reality,robotics,human-machine collaboration,and augmented reality,many enterprises are finding new avenues for digital transformation and intelligent upgrading.Industry 5.0,a further extension and development of Industry 4.0,has become an important development trend in industry with more emphasis on human-centered sustainability and flexibility.Accordingly,both the industrial metaverse and digital twins have attracted much attention in this new era.However,the relationship between them is not clear enough.In this paper,a comparison between digital twins and the metaverse in industry is made firstly.Then,we propose the concept and framework of Digital Twin Systems Engineering(DTSE)to demonstrate how digital twins support the industrial metaverse in the era of Industry 5.0 by integrating systems engineering principles.Furthermore,we discuss the key technologies and challenges of DTSE,in particular how artificial intelligence enhances the application of DTSE.Finally,a specific application scenario in the aviation field is presented to illustrate the application prospects of DTSE.展开更多
Model predictive control(MPC)has been deemed as an attractive control method in motor drives by virtue of its simple structure,convenient multi-objective optimization,and satisfactory dynamic performance.However,the s...Model predictive control(MPC)has been deemed as an attractive control method in motor drives by virtue of its simple structure,convenient multi-objective optimization,and satisfactory dynamic performance.However,the strong reliance on mathematical models seriously restrains its practical application.Therefore,improving the robustness of MPC has attained significant attentions in the last two decades,followed by which,model-free predictive control(MFPC)comes into existence.This article aims to reveal the current state of MFPC strategies for motor drives and give the categorization from the perspective of implementation.Based on this review,the principles of the reported MFPC strategies are introduced in detail,as well as the challenges encountered in technology realization.In addition,some of typical and important concepts are experimentally validated via case studies to evaluate the performance and highlight their features.Finally,the future trends of MFPC are discussed based on the current state and reported developments.展开更多
As embodied intelligence(EI),large language models(LLMs),and cloud computing continue to advance,Industry5.0 facilitates the development of industrial artificial intelligence(Ind AI)through cyber-physical-social syste...As embodied intelligence(EI),large language models(LLMs),and cloud computing continue to advance,Industry5.0 facilitates the development of industrial artificial intelligence(Ind AI)through cyber-physical-social systems(CPSSs)with a human-centric focus.These technologies are organized by the system-wide approach of Industry 5.0,in order to empower the manufacturing industry to achieve broader societal goals of job creation,economic growth,and green production.This survey first provides a general framework of smart manufacturing in the context of Industry 5.0.Wherein,the embodied agents,like robots,sensors,and actuators,are the carriers for Ind AI,facilitating the development of the self-learning intelligence in individual entities,the collaborative intelligence in production lines and factories(smart systems),and the swarm intelligence within industrial clusters(systems of smart systems).Through the framework of CPSSs,the key technologies and their possible applications for supporting the single-agent,multi-agent and swarm-agent embodied Ind AI have been reviewed,such as the embodied perception,interaction,scheduling,multi-mode large language models,and collaborative training.Finally,to stimulate future research in this area,the open challenges and opportunities of applying Industry 5.0 to smart manufacturing are identified and discussed.The perspective of Industry 5.0-driven manufacturing industry aims to enhance operational productivity and efficiency by seamlessly integrating the virtual and physical worlds in a human-centered manner,thereby fostering an intelligent,sustainable,and resilient industrial landscape.展开更多
Purpose–This study aims to propose a cooperative adhesion control method for trains with multiple motors electric locomotives.The method is intended to optimize the output torque of each motor,maximize the utilizatio...Purpose–This study aims to propose a cooperative adhesion control method for trains with multiple motors electric locomotives.The method is intended to optimize the output torque of each motor,maximize the utilization of train adhesion within the total torque command,reduce the train skidding/sliding phenomenon and achieve optimal adhesion utilization for each axle,thus realizing the optimal allocation of the multi-motor electric locomotives.Design/methodology/approach–In this study,a model predictive control(MPC)-based cooperative maximum adhesion tracking control method for multi-motor electric locomotives is presented.Firstly,train traction system with multiple motors is constructed in accordance with Newton’s second law.These equations include the train dynamics equations,the axle dynamics equations,and the wheel-rail adhesion coefficient equations.Then,a new MPC-based multi-axle adhesion co-optimization method is put forward.This method calculates the optimal output torque through real-time iteration based on the known reference slip speed to achieve multi-axle co-optimization under different circumstances.Findings–This paper presents a MPC system designed for the cooperative control of multi-axle adhesion.The results indicate that the proposed control system is able to optimize the adhesion of multiple axles under numerous different conditions and achieve the optimal power distribution based on the reduction of train skidding/sliding.Originality/value–This study presents a novel cooperative adhesion tracking control scheme.It is designed for multi-motor electric locomotives,which has rarely been studied before.And simulations are carried out in different conditions,including variable surfaces and motor failing.展开更多
This paper presents the design of an asymmetrically variable wingtip anhedral angles morphing aircraft,inspired by biomimetic mechanisms,to enhance lateral maneuver capability.Firstly,we establish a lateral dynamic mo...This paper presents the design of an asymmetrically variable wingtip anhedral angles morphing aircraft,inspired by biomimetic mechanisms,to enhance lateral maneuver capability.Firstly,we establish a lateral dynamic model considering additional forces and moments resulting during the morphing process,and convert it into a Multiple Input Multiple Output(MIMO)virtual control system by importing virtual inputs.Secondly,a classical dynamics inversion controller is designed for the outer-loop system.A new Global Fast Terminal Incremental Sliding Mode Controller(NDO-GFTISMC)is proposed for the inner-loop system,in which an adaptive law is implemented to weaken control surface chattering,and a Nonlinear Disturbance Observer(NDO)is integrated to compensate for unknown disturbances.The whole control system is proven semiglobally uniformly ultimately bounded based on the multi-Lyapunov function method.Furthermore,we consider tracking errors and self-characteristics of actuators,a quadratic programmingbased dynamic control allocation law is designed,which allocates virtual control inputs to the asymmetrically deformed wingtip and rudder.Actuator dynamic models are incorporated to ensure physical realizability of designed allocation law.Finally,comparative experimental results validate the effectiveness of the designed control system and control allocation law.The NDO-GFTISMC features faster convergence,stronger robustness,and 81.25%and 75.0%reduction in maximum state tracking error under uncertainty compared to the Incremental Nonlinear Dynamic Inversion Controller based on NDO(NDO-INDI)and Incremental Sliding Mode Controller based on NDO(NDO-ISMC),respectively.The design of the morphing aircraft significantly enhances lateral maneuver capability,maintaining a substantial control margin during lateral maneuvering,reducing the burden of the rudder surface,and effectively solving the actuator saturation problem of traditional aircraft during lateral maneuvering.展开更多
文摘The future of control in cyberspace of parallel worlds is discussed. It argues for the coming age of Control 5.0,the control technology for the new IT capable of dealing with artificial worlds with VR, AR, AI and robotics. The discipline of automation needs a new interpretation of its core knowledge and skill set of modeling, analysis, and control for cyber-socialphysical systems, and a paradigm shift from Newtonian Systems with Newton's Laws or Big Laws with Small Data to Mertonian Systems with Merton's Laws or Small Laws with Big Data.
文摘工业5.0引领制造业向以人为本的智能制造(人本智造)变革,制造系统中不同岗位和角色的人展现出更多样化和更全面的操作、智能和社会属性。针对生产调度这一典型场景,在人-信息-物理生产系统(Human-cyber-physical production system,HCPPS)的语义下,定义感知层-认知层-决策层贯通的智造回路环,从环内操作人融合的适应性创新、环上决策人融合的智能化创新和环外社会人融合的可持续创新这三个角度,构建多层次人本融合框架;并分别提出面向操作人融合的适应性调度技术、面向决策人融合的人-机混合智能技术和面向社会人融合的可持续协同优化技术;最后,以飞机脉动总装线典型调度场景为案例,验证了所提技术的有效性,为实现工业5.0的人本智造提供理论和技术实践参考。
基金supported by the State Grid Corporation of China Science and Technology Project,grant number 52270723000900K.
文摘The new energy power generation is becoming increasingly important in the power system.Such as photovoltaic power generation has become a research hotspot,however,due to the characteristics of light radiation changes,photovoltaic power generation is unstable and random,resulting in a low utilization rate and directly affecting the stability of the power grid.To solve this problem,this paper proposes a coordinated control strategy for a newenergy power generation system with a hybrid energy storage unit based on the lithium iron phosphate-supercapacitor hybrid energy storage unit.Firstly,the variational mode decomposition algorithm is used to separate the high and low frequencies of the power signal,which is conducive to the rapid and accurate suppression of the power fluctuation of the energy storage system.Secondly,the fuzzy control algorithm is introduced to balance the power between energy storage.In this paper,the actual data is used for simulation,and the simulation results show that the strategy realizes the effective suppression of the bus voltage fluctuation and the accurate control of the internal state of the energy storage unit,effectively avoiding problems such as overshoot and over-discharge,and can significantly improve the stability of the photovoltaic power generation systemand the stability of the Direct Current bus.It is of great significance to promote the development of collaborative control technology for photovoltaic hybrid energy storage units.
基金Supported by Beijing Municipal Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.24JL002)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(Grant No.2024M754054)+2 种基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.52120105008)Beijing Municipal Outstanding Young Scientis Program of Chinathe New Cornerstone Science Foundation through the XPLORER PRIZE。
文摘With the continuous advancement and maturation of technologies such as big data,artificial intelligence,virtual reality,robotics,human-machine collaboration,and augmented reality,many enterprises are finding new avenues for digital transformation and intelligent upgrading.Industry 5.0,a further extension and development of Industry 4.0,has become an important development trend in industry with more emphasis on human-centered sustainability and flexibility.Accordingly,both the industrial metaverse and digital twins have attracted much attention in this new era.However,the relationship between them is not clear enough.In this paper,a comparison between digital twins and the metaverse in industry is made firstly.Then,we propose the concept and framework of Digital Twin Systems Engineering(DTSE)to demonstrate how digital twins support the industrial metaverse in the era of Industry 5.0 by integrating systems engineering principles.Furthermore,we discuss the key technologies and challenges of DTSE,in particular how artificial intelligence enhances the application of DTSE.Finally,a specific application scenario in the aviation field is presented to illustrate the application prospects of DTSE.
基金supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant 52077002。
文摘Model predictive control(MPC)has been deemed as an attractive control method in motor drives by virtue of its simple structure,convenient multi-objective optimization,and satisfactory dynamic performance.However,the strong reliance on mathematical models seriously restrains its practical application.Therefore,improving the robustness of MPC has attained significant attentions in the last two decades,followed by which,model-free predictive control(MFPC)comes into existence.This article aims to reveal the current state of MFPC strategies for motor drives and give the categorization from the perspective of implementation.Based on this review,the principles of the reported MFPC strategies are introduced in detail,as well as the challenges encountered in technology realization.In addition,some of typical and important concepts are experimentally validated via case studies to evaluate the performance and highlight their features.Finally,the future trends of MFPC are discussed based on the current state and reported developments.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2021YFB1714300)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(62233005,U2441245,62173141)+3 种基金CNPC Innovation Found(2024DQ02-0507)Shanghai Natural Science(24ZR1416400)Shanghai Baiyu Lan Talent Program Pujiang Project(24PJD020)the Programme of Introducing Talents of Discipline to Universities(the 111 Project)(B17017)
文摘As embodied intelligence(EI),large language models(LLMs),and cloud computing continue to advance,Industry5.0 facilitates the development of industrial artificial intelligence(Ind AI)through cyber-physical-social systems(CPSSs)with a human-centric focus.These technologies are organized by the system-wide approach of Industry 5.0,in order to empower the manufacturing industry to achieve broader societal goals of job creation,economic growth,and green production.This survey first provides a general framework of smart manufacturing in the context of Industry 5.0.Wherein,the embodied agents,like robots,sensors,and actuators,are the carriers for Ind AI,facilitating the development of the self-learning intelligence in individual entities,the collaborative intelligence in production lines and factories(smart systems),and the swarm intelligence within industrial clusters(systems of smart systems).Through the framework of CPSSs,the key technologies and their possible applications for supporting the single-agent,multi-agent and swarm-agent embodied Ind AI have been reviewed,such as the embodied perception,interaction,scheduling,multi-mode large language models,and collaborative training.Finally,to stimulate future research in this area,the open challenges and opportunities of applying Industry 5.0 to smart manufacturing are identified and discussed.The perspective of Industry 5.0-driven manufacturing industry aims to enhance operational productivity and efficiency by seamlessly integrating the virtual and physical worlds in a human-centered manner,thereby fostering an intelligent,sustainable,and resilient industrial landscape.
基金supported by Scientific Research Projects of China Association of Metros(CAMET-KY-2022039)State Key Laboratory of Traction and Control System of EMU and Locomotive(2023YJ386).
文摘Purpose–This study aims to propose a cooperative adhesion control method for trains with multiple motors electric locomotives.The method is intended to optimize the output torque of each motor,maximize the utilization of train adhesion within the total torque command,reduce the train skidding/sliding phenomenon and achieve optimal adhesion utilization for each axle,thus realizing the optimal allocation of the multi-motor electric locomotives.Design/methodology/approach–In this study,a model predictive control(MPC)-based cooperative maximum adhesion tracking control method for multi-motor electric locomotives is presented.Firstly,train traction system with multiple motors is constructed in accordance with Newton’s second law.These equations include the train dynamics equations,the axle dynamics equations,and the wheel-rail adhesion coefficient equations.Then,a new MPC-based multi-axle adhesion co-optimization method is put forward.This method calculates the optimal output torque through real-time iteration based on the known reference slip speed to achieve multi-axle co-optimization under different circumstances.Findings–This paper presents a MPC system designed for the cooperative control of multi-axle adhesion.The results indicate that the proposed control system is able to optimize the adhesion of multiple axles under numerous different conditions and achieve the optimal power distribution based on the reduction of train skidding/sliding.Originality/value–This study presents a novel cooperative adhesion tracking control scheme.It is designed for multi-motor electric locomotives,which has rarely been studied before.And simulations are carried out in different conditions,including variable surfaces and motor failing.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.62103052 and No.52175214)。
文摘This paper presents the design of an asymmetrically variable wingtip anhedral angles morphing aircraft,inspired by biomimetic mechanisms,to enhance lateral maneuver capability.Firstly,we establish a lateral dynamic model considering additional forces and moments resulting during the morphing process,and convert it into a Multiple Input Multiple Output(MIMO)virtual control system by importing virtual inputs.Secondly,a classical dynamics inversion controller is designed for the outer-loop system.A new Global Fast Terminal Incremental Sliding Mode Controller(NDO-GFTISMC)is proposed for the inner-loop system,in which an adaptive law is implemented to weaken control surface chattering,and a Nonlinear Disturbance Observer(NDO)is integrated to compensate for unknown disturbances.The whole control system is proven semiglobally uniformly ultimately bounded based on the multi-Lyapunov function method.Furthermore,we consider tracking errors and self-characteristics of actuators,a quadratic programmingbased dynamic control allocation law is designed,which allocates virtual control inputs to the asymmetrically deformed wingtip and rudder.Actuator dynamic models are incorporated to ensure physical realizability of designed allocation law.Finally,comparative experimental results validate the effectiveness of the designed control system and control allocation law.The NDO-GFTISMC features faster convergence,stronger robustness,and 81.25%and 75.0%reduction in maximum state tracking error under uncertainty compared to the Incremental Nonlinear Dynamic Inversion Controller based on NDO(NDO-INDI)and Incremental Sliding Mode Controller based on NDO(NDO-ISMC),respectively.The design of the morphing aircraft significantly enhances lateral maneuver capability,maintaining a substantial control margin during lateral maneuvering,reducing the burden of the rudder surface,and effectively solving the actuator saturation problem of traditional aircraft during lateral maneuvering.
