Colorless‐to‐black switching has attracted widespread attention for smart windows and multifunctional displays because they are more useful to control solar energy.However,it still remains a challenge owing to the t...Colorless‐to‐black switching has attracted widespread attention for smart windows and multifunctional displays because they are more useful to control solar energy.However,it still remains a challenge owing to the tremendous difficulties in the design of completely reverse absorptions in transmissive and colored states.Herein,we report on an electrochemical device that can switch between colorless and black by using the electrochemical process of hybrid organic–inorganic perovskite MAPbBr_(3),which shows a high integrated contrast ratio of up to 73%from 400 to 800 nm.The perovskite solution can be used as the active layer to assemble the device,showing superior transmittance over the entire visible region in neutral states.By applying an appropriate voltage,the device undergoes reversible switching between colorless and black,which is attributed to the formation of lead and Br_(2)in the redox reaction induced by the electron transfer process in MAPbBr_(3).In addition,the contrast ratio can be modulated over the entire visible region by changing the concentration and the applied voltage.These results contribute toward gaining an insightful understanding of the electrochemical process of perovskites and greatly promoting the development of switchable devices.展开更多
We demonstrate a high-quality cross-polarized-wave filter based on spectral phase modulation. Driven by Well- eompressed spectral-phase fully-compensated fundamental laser lmlses, the filter stretches the pulse bandwi...We demonstrate a high-quality cross-polarized-wave filter based on spectral phase modulation. Driven by Well- eompressed spectral-phase fully-compensated fundamental laser lmlses, the filter stretches the pulse bandwidth from 35 nm to 7Ohm with a conversion efficeiency of 20%.展开更多
Finding binary sequences with Large SHG ratios is very important in the field of ultrafast science, biomedical optics, high-resolution microscopy and label-free imaging. In this paper, we have demonstrated the relatio...Finding binary sequences with Large SHG ratios is very important in the field of ultrafast science, biomedical optics, high-resolution microscopy and label-free imaging. In this paper, we have demonstrated the relation between the SHG contrast ratio and the traditional Merit Factor values. And in the light from known results in Merit Factor Problems, we have shown that Legendre Sequences or Jacobi Sequences, are still the best candidates to obtain binary sequences with large SHG contrast ratios. The authors also discussed the SHG behaviors on some sequences obtained from cyclotomic classes over the finite field GF (2l) .展开更多
Our latest research results on GaAs-A1GaAs multiple quantum well spatial light modulators are presented. The thickness uniformity of the epitaxial layers across the 3-inch wafer grown by our molecular beam epitaxy is ...Our latest research results on GaAs-A1GaAs multiple quantum well spatial light modulators are presented. The thickness uniformity of the epitaxial layers across the 3-inch wafer grown by our molecular beam epitaxy is better than 0.1% and the variation of cavity resonance wavelength within the wafer is only 0.9 nm. A contrast ratio （CR） of 102 by varying bias voltage from 0 to 6.7 V is achieved after fine tuning the cavity by etching an adjust layer. Both theoretical and experimental results demonstrate that incorporating an adjust layer is an effective tuning method for obtaining high CR.展开更多
Objective To quantitatively compare and determine the best pancreatic tumor contrast to noise ratio (CNR) in different dual-energy derived datasets. Methods In this retrospective, single center study, 16 patients (9 m...Objective To quantitatively compare and determine the best pancreatic tumor contrast to noise ratio (CNR) in different dual-energy derived datasets. Methods In this retrospective, single center study, 16 patients (9 male, 7 female, average age 59.4±13.2 years) with pathologically diagnosed pancreatic cancer were enrolled. All patients received an abdominal scan using a dual source CT scanner 7 to 31 days before biopsy or surgery. After injection of iodine contrast agent, arterial and pancreatic parenchyma phase were scanned consequently, using a dual-energy scan mode (100 kVp/230 mAs and Sn 140 kVp/178 mAs) in the pancreatic parenchyma phase. A series of derived dual-energy datasets were evaluated including non-liner blending (non-linear blending width 0-500 HU; blending center -500 to 500 HU), mono-energetic (40-190 keV), 100 kVp and 140 kVp. On each datasets, mean CT values of the pancreatic parenchyma and tumor, as well as standard deviation CT values of subcutaneous fat and psoas muscle were measured. Regions of interest of cutaneous fat and major psoas muscle of 100 kVp and 140 kVp images were calculated. Best CNR of subcutaneous fat (CNR F ) and CNR of the major psoas muscle (CNR M ) of non-liner blending and mono-energetic datasets were calculated with the optimal mono-energetic keV setting and the optimal blending center/width setting for the best CNR. One Way ANOVA test was used for comparison of best CNR between different dual-energy derived datasets. Results The best CNR F (4.48±1.29) was obtained from the non-liner blending datasets at blending center -16.6±103.9 HU and blending width 12.3±10.6 HU. The best CNR F (3.28±0.97) was obtained from the mono-energetic datasets at 73.3±4.3 keV. CNR F in the 100 kVp and 140 kVp were 3.02±0.91 and 1.56±0.56 respectively. Using fat as the noise background, all of these images series showed significant differences (P<0.01) except best CNR F of mono-energetic image sets vs. CNR F of 100 kVp image (P=0.460). Similar results were found using muscle as the noise background (mono-energetic image vs. 100 kVp image: P=0.246; mono-energetic image vs. non-liner blending image: P=0.044; others: P<0.01). Conclusion Compared with mono-energetic datasets and low kVp datasets, non-linear blending image at automatically chosen blending width/window provides better tumor to the pancreas CNR, which might be beneficial for better detection of pancreatic tumors.展开更多
The volume of contrast media to the creatinine clearance （V/CrCl） ratio correlate with the contrast-induced nephropathy （CIN）. The chronic kidney disease （CKD） more likely to develop CIN after primary percutaneo...The volume of contrast media to the creatinine clearance （V/CrCl） ratio correlate with the contrast-induced nephropathy （CIN）. The chronic kidney disease （CKD） more likely to develop CIN after primary percutaneous coronary intervention （PCI）. Objectiv has been shown to patients would be e To determine a relatively safe V/CrCl cutoff value to avoid CIN in CKD patients undergoing primary PCI. Methods We enrolled a total of 114 patients with CKD and calculated V/CrCl. Receiver-operator characteristic methods were used to identify the optimal sensitivity and specificity for the observed range of V/CrCl for CIN. We used multivariable logistic regression to assess the predictive value of V/CrCl for the risk of CIN in CKD patients. Results Overall, there were 24 cases （21%） of CIN. The baseline mean and median V/CrCl values were significantly greater among patients with CIN （mean 5.08 ±2.01, median 4.81, and interquartile range 3.53-6.33） than among those without CIN （mean 3.35 ±1.48, median 3.12, and interquartile range 2.27-4.14, P 〈 0.001）. The receiveroperator characteristic curve analysis indicated that a V/CrCl ratio of 3.62 was a fair discriminator for CIN （Cstatistic of 0.75） in CKD patients. After adjusting for other known predictors of CIN,a V/CrCl ratio 〉3.62 remained significantly associated with CIN in CKD patients（odds ratio 8.46,95% confidence interval 2.37-30.19, P 〈 0.001）. medium dose Conclusions based on the AV/CrCl ratio〉3.62 is a simple,useful indicator for determining the safe contrast pre-PCI CrCl values in CKDs.展开更多
Grating-based x-ray phase contrast imaging has attracted increasing interest in recent decades as multimodal and laboratory source usable method.Specific efforts have been focused on establishing a new extraction meth...Grating-based x-ray phase contrast imaging has attracted increasing interest in recent decades as multimodal and laboratory source usable method.Specific efforts have been focused on establishing a new extraction method to perform practical applications.In this work,noise properties of multi-combination information of newly established information extraction method,so-called angular signal radiography method,are investigated to provide guidelines for targeted and specific applications.The results show that how multi-combination of images can be used in targeted practical applications to obtain a high-quality image in terms of signal-to-noise ratio.Our conclusions can also hold true for upcoming targeted practical applications such as biomedical imaging,non-destructive imaging,and materials science.展开更多
Background: Chronic kidney disease patients are at a greater risk for nephropathy requiring dialysis after percutaneous coronary intervention. Such patients are usually deferred due to fear of “Renalism”.?Objectives...Background: Chronic kidney disease patients are at a greater risk for nephropathy requiring dialysis after percutaneous coronary intervention. Such patients are usually deferred due to fear of “Renalism”.?Objectives This study assesses the outcome of Low dose contrast protocol during PCI in CKD patients whose e-GFR 60 ml/min/1.72 m and investigates a safety margin for contrast use in these high-risk categories.?Methods: Patients were into three groups according to CV/e-GFR ratio: Group (A) low-dose: CV/e-GFR ratio 2.0 Group (B) medium-dose: CV/e-GFR ratio > 2.0 and × bodyweight\s.creatinine). Group (C) high-dose: CV/e-GFR ratio > MACD. Results: A total of 73 patients were enrolled. Average age was 54 ± 8 years,81.4% were male and 18.6% were females and 52% were diabetic. Mean baseline e-GFR was 40 ± 8.0 ml/min/1.73m2. Contrast Volume used in group A was (58.26 ± 15.05) (n = 24), in group B (109.42 ± 17.11) (n = 26) and in group C (304.5 ± 60.30) (n = 23), respectively. The incidences of CI-AKI in the 3 groups were 0%, 11.5% and 35%, respectively (p = 0.02). All-cause death 0%, 17% and introduction of maintenance hemo dialysis was 0%, 11.5% and 26%, respectively (p Conclusion: Low dose contrast protocol is safe, effective and easily applicable technique without CI-AKI or death.展开更多
基金Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province(China),Grant/Award Numbers:B2020203013,B2021203016Science and Technology Project of Hebei Education Department(China),Grant/Award Number:QN2020137+3 种基金Cultivation Project for Basic Research Innovation of Yanshan University(China),Grant/Award Number:2021LGZD015Subsidy for Hebei Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry after Operation Performance(China),Grant/Award Number:22567616HNatural Science Foundation of Heilongjiang Province(China),Grant/Award Number:LH2022B025Fundamental Research Funds for the Provincial Universities of Heilongjiang Province(China),Grant/Award Number:KYYWF10236190104。
文摘Colorless‐to‐black switching has attracted widespread attention for smart windows and multifunctional displays because they are more useful to control solar energy.However,it still remains a challenge owing to the tremendous difficulties in the design of completely reverse absorptions in transmissive and colored states.Herein,we report on an electrochemical device that can switch between colorless and black by using the electrochemical process of hybrid organic–inorganic perovskite MAPbBr_(3),which shows a high integrated contrast ratio of up to 73%from 400 to 800 nm.The perovskite solution can be used as the active layer to assemble the device,showing superior transmittance over the entire visible region in neutral states.By applying an appropriate voltage,the device undergoes reversible switching between colorless and black,which is attributed to the formation of lead and Br_(2)in the redox reaction induced by the electron transfer process in MAPbBr_(3).In addition,the contrast ratio can be modulated over the entire visible region by changing the concentration and the applied voltage.These results contribute toward gaining an insightful understanding of the electrochemical process of perovskites and greatly promoting the development of switchable devices.
基金Supported by the National Key Basic Research Program of China under Grant No 2013CB922402the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant Nos 61575217 and 11434016+1 种基金the Key Research Program of Frontier Sciences of Chinese Academy of Sciences under Grant Nos KJZD-EW-L11-03 and QYZDJ-SSW-JSC006the Strategic Priority Research Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences under Grant No XDB16030200
文摘We demonstrate a high-quality cross-polarized-wave filter based on spectral phase modulation. Driven by Well- eompressed spectral-phase fully-compensated fundamental laser lmlses, the filter stretches the pulse bandwidth from 35 nm to 7Ohm with a conversion efficeiency of 20%.
文摘Finding binary sequences with Large SHG ratios is very important in the field of ultrafast science, biomedical optics, high-resolution microscopy and label-free imaging. In this paper, we have demonstrated the relation between the SHG contrast ratio and the traditional Merit Factor values. And in the light from known results in Merit Factor Problems, we have shown that Legendre Sequences or Jacobi Sequences, are still the best candidates to obtain binary sequences with large SHG contrast ratios. The authors also discussed the SHG behaviors on some sequences obtained from cyclotomic classes over the finite field GF (2l) .
基金supported by the President Fund of CAS,the International Collaboration Plan for Science and Technology of the Chinese Ministry of Science and Technology(No.2008KR0415)the Suzhou International Cooperation Fund,China(No.SWH0809).
文摘Our latest research results on GaAs-A1GaAs multiple quantum well spatial light modulators are presented. The thickness uniformity of the epitaxial layers across the 3-inch wafer grown by our molecular beam epitaxy is better than 0.1% and the variation of cavity resonance wavelength within the wafer is only 0.9 nm. A contrast ratio （CR） of 102 by varying bias voltage from 0 to 6.7 V is achieved after fine tuning the cavity by etching an adjust layer. Both theoretical and experimental results demonstrate that incorporating an adjust layer is an effective tuning method for obtaining high CR.
文摘Objective To quantitatively compare and determine the best pancreatic tumor contrast to noise ratio (CNR) in different dual-energy derived datasets. Methods In this retrospective, single center study, 16 patients (9 male, 7 female, average age 59.4±13.2 years) with pathologically diagnosed pancreatic cancer were enrolled. All patients received an abdominal scan using a dual source CT scanner 7 to 31 days before biopsy or surgery. After injection of iodine contrast agent, arterial and pancreatic parenchyma phase were scanned consequently, using a dual-energy scan mode (100 kVp/230 mAs and Sn 140 kVp/178 mAs) in the pancreatic parenchyma phase. A series of derived dual-energy datasets were evaluated including non-liner blending (non-linear blending width 0-500 HU; blending center -500 to 500 HU), mono-energetic (40-190 keV), 100 kVp and 140 kVp. On each datasets, mean CT values of the pancreatic parenchyma and tumor, as well as standard deviation CT values of subcutaneous fat and psoas muscle were measured. Regions of interest of cutaneous fat and major psoas muscle of 100 kVp and 140 kVp images were calculated. Best CNR of subcutaneous fat (CNR F ) and CNR of the major psoas muscle (CNR M ) of non-liner blending and mono-energetic datasets were calculated with the optimal mono-energetic keV setting and the optimal blending center/width setting for the best CNR. One Way ANOVA test was used for comparison of best CNR between different dual-energy derived datasets. Results The best CNR F (4.48±1.29) was obtained from the non-liner blending datasets at blending center -16.6±103.9 HU and blending width 12.3±10.6 HU. The best CNR F (3.28±0.97) was obtained from the mono-energetic datasets at 73.3±4.3 keV. CNR F in the 100 kVp and 140 kVp were 3.02±0.91 and 1.56±0.56 respectively. Using fat as the noise background, all of these images series showed significant differences (P<0.01) except best CNR F of mono-energetic image sets vs. CNR F of 100 kVp image (P=0.460). Similar results were found using muscle as the noise background (mono-energetic image vs. 100 kVp image: P=0.246; mono-energetic image vs. non-liner blending image: P=0.044; others: P<0.01). Conclusion Compared with mono-energetic datasets and low kVp datasets, non-linear blending image at automatically chosen blending width/window provides better tumor to the pancreas CNR, which might be beneficial for better detection of pancreatic tumors.
基金supported by Guangdong Provincial Cardiovascular Clinical Medicine Research Fund support.Guangzhou,China(2009X41)
文摘The volume of contrast media to the creatinine clearance （V/CrCl） ratio correlate with the contrast-induced nephropathy （CIN）. The chronic kidney disease （CKD） more likely to develop CIN after primary percutaneous coronary intervention （PCI）. Objectiv has been shown to patients would be e To determine a relatively safe V/CrCl cutoff value to avoid CIN in CKD patients undergoing primary PCI. Methods We enrolled a total of 114 patients with CKD and calculated V/CrCl. Receiver-operator characteristic methods were used to identify the optimal sensitivity and specificity for the observed range of V/CrCl for CIN. We used multivariable logistic regression to assess the predictive value of V/CrCl for the risk of CIN in CKD patients. Results Overall, there were 24 cases （21%） of CIN. The baseline mean and median V/CrCl values were significantly greater among patients with CIN （mean 5.08 ±2.01, median 4.81, and interquartile range 3.53-6.33） than among those without CIN （mean 3.35 ±1.48, median 3.12, and interquartile range 2.27-4.14, P 〈 0.001）. The receiveroperator characteristic curve analysis indicated that a V/CrCl ratio of 3.62 was a fair discriminator for CIN （Cstatistic of 0.75） in CKD patients. After adjusting for other known predictors of CIN,a V/CrCl ratio 〉3.62 remained significantly associated with CIN in CKD patients（odds ratio 8.46,95% confidence interval 2.37-30.19, P 〈 0.001）. medium dose Conclusions based on the AV/CrCl ratio〉3.62 is a simple,useful indicator for determining the safe contrast pre-PCI CrCl values in CKDs.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.11535015)the National Special Foundation of China for Major Science Instrument(Grant No.61227802)+3 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.61405120,61605119,61571305,and 11674232)the Natural Science Foundation of Shenzhen,China(Grant No.JCYJ20170302142617703)the Natural Science Foundation of Shenzhen University,China(Grant Nos.2017017 and 2018041)sponsored by the Post-doctoral International Exchange Program of China
文摘Grating-based x-ray phase contrast imaging has attracted increasing interest in recent decades as multimodal and laboratory source usable method.Specific efforts have been focused on establishing a new extraction method to perform practical applications.In this work,noise properties of multi-combination information of newly established information extraction method,so-called angular signal radiography method,are investigated to provide guidelines for targeted and specific applications.The results show that how multi-combination of images can be used in targeted practical applications to obtain a high-quality image in terms of signal-to-noise ratio.Our conclusions can also hold true for upcoming targeted practical applications such as biomedical imaging,non-destructive imaging,and materials science.
文摘Background: Chronic kidney disease patients are at a greater risk for nephropathy requiring dialysis after percutaneous coronary intervention. Such patients are usually deferred due to fear of “Renalism”.?Objectives This study assesses the outcome of Low dose contrast protocol during PCI in CKD patients whose e-GFR 60 ml/min/1.72 m and investigates a safety margin for contrast use in these high-risk categories.?Methods: Patients were into three groups according to CV/e-GFR ratio: Group (A) low-dose: CV/e-GFR ratio 2.0 Group (B) medium-dose: CV/e-GFR ratio > 2.0 and × bodyweight\s.creatinine). Group (C) high-dose: CV/e-GFR ratio > MACD. Results: A total of 73 patients were enrolled. Average age was 54 ± 8 years,81.4% were male and 18.6% were females and 52% were diabetic. Mean baseline e-GFR was 40 ± 8.0 ml/min/1.73m2. Contrast Volume used in group A was (58.26 ± 15.05) (n = 24), in group B (109.42 ± 17.11) (n = 26) and in group C (304.5 ± 60.30) (n = 23), respectively. The incidences of CI-AKI in the 3 groups were 0%, 11.5% and 35%, respectively (p = 0.02). All-cause death 0%, 17% and introduction of maintenance hemo dialysis was 0%, 11.5% and 26%, respectively (p Conclusion: Low dose contrast protocol is safe, effective and easily applicable technique without CI-AKI or death.
