BACKGROUND:This study is to evaluate clearance eff ects of hemoperfusion(HP),continuous renal replacement therapy(CRRT),and plasma exchange(PE)for chlorfenapyr and its metabolite tralopyril in patients with acute pois...BACKGROUND:This study is to evaluate clearance eff ects of hemoperfusion(HP),continuous renal replacement therapy(CRRT),and plasma exchange(PE)for chlorfenapyr and its metabolite tralopyril in patients with acute poisoning.METHODS:This retrospective study included 18 patients with acute oral chlorfenapyr poisoning treated at our department between January 2022 and January 2024.All patients received conventional therapies combined with blood purification,including HP,CRRT,and PE.HP was performed three sessions within the fi rst 24 h,followed by CRRT and PE.Serial blood samples were collected to measure plasma concentrations of chlorfenapyr and tralopyril using gas chromatography/liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC/LC-MS).The toxin-clearance eff ects were assessed using a linear mixed-eff ects(LME)model.RESULTS:The hourly decline rate of the plasma chlorfenapyr concentration(median[IQR])was 8.83%(1.79%)for HP,4.12%(1.26%)for CRRT,and 6.85%(1.44%)for PE.LME analysis showed higher decline rate in the plasma concentration with HP(β=5.00;P<0.001)and PE(β=2.15;P=0.003)compared to CRRT.For tralopyril,the hourly decline rates were 3.04%(0.62%)for HP,1.82%(0.48%)for CRRT,and 3.01%(0.37%)for PE.LME analysis showed that the clearance effects of HP(β=0.027;P<0.001)and PE(β=0.022;P=0.001)were superior to CRRT.Pre-treatment toxin levels and the interval from hospital admission to blood purifi cation showed no signifi cant interaction with clearance outcomes.CONCLUSION:In our study,HP was associated with a higher decline rate in plasma chlorfenapyr concentration compared to CRRT and PE,supporting HP as a preferred early intervention.However,all three methods showed limited effi cacy in reducing tralopyril levels.Further research into the toxicokinetics and mechanisms of chlorfenapyr is warranted to optimize purifi cation strategies.展开更多
Background:Continuous care for children with enterostomy and their families has been gaining popularity in China.Objective:To evaluate the feasibility of continuous care for children with enterostomy and their familie...Background:Continuous care for children with enterostomy and their families has been gaining popularity in China.Objective:To evaluate the feasibility of continuous care for children with enterostomy and their families in China.Methods:The PubMed,Web of Science,Embase,Cochrane Library,EBSCO,CNKI,CBM,VIP,and WanFang were searched for clinical trials until December 30,2025.Two reviewers independently searched articles,evaluated quality and extracted data.This review was conducted in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses(PRISMA).Results:33 studies involving 2774 participants were included.The meta-analysis showed that continuous care strategy can significantly reduce the incidence of complications in children with enterostomy(OR=0.20,95%CI=0.16-0.26,p<0.001,I2=0%),effectively improve the family caregiver ability for enterostomy(MD=-10.34,95%CI=-13.82 to-6.85,p<0.001,I2=99%),shorten the time for family members to replace stoma bags(MD=-13.57,95%CI=-19.66 to-7.49,p<0.001,I2=100%),and alleviate negative emotions such as anxiety(SMD=-1.80,95%CI=-2.36 to-1.23,p<0.001,I2=92%)and depression(SMD=-1.54,95%CI=-2.04 to-1.04,p<0.001,I2=89%)in the families of the affected children.Conclusions:Continuous care can reduce complications of enterostomy in children,improve the family caregiver ability for enterostomy and alleviate negative emotions of family members such as anxiety and depression.展开更多
Local resonant acoustic metamaterials have broad applications in sound insulation,yet their single-configuration designs often exhibit limited and discontinuous bandgap widths,hindering full-frequency noise attenuatio...Local resonant acoustic metamaterials have broad applications in sound insulation,yet their single-configuration designs often exhibit limited and discontinuous bandgap widths,hindering full-frequency noise attenuation across the human auditory range.This study presents a double-phase fidget-spinner-shaped acoustic metamaterial(DFAM),specifically designed to achieve an ultra-broad,low-frequency continuous bandgap by means of synergistic structural optimization,enabling effective and robust control of audible noise.Based on Bloch's theorem and the finite element method,the dispersion relation of the DFAM structure is calculated and verified by the transmission loss curves.The propagation characteristics of sound waves within the structure are further analyzed for noise frequencies that fall within the passband.The influence of the geometric and physical parameters on the bandgap is investigated,and the corresponding transmission loss in the propagation direction is further calculated.A hybrid collaborative design strategy,leveraging multi-parameter optimization and bandgap complementarity,is developed to construct a metastructure with continuous bandgap coverage from 20 Hz to 1000 Hz.The resulting metastructure demonstrates exceptional broadband noise attenuation,achieving a total bandgap width of 876.3 Hz(87.63% of the target range)with the transmission loss up to-762.78 d B in a three-periodic arrangement.The simulation and experimental results for the transmission loss of the DFAM metastructure show strong agreement in the low-frequency range.This work provides a novel framework for designing ultra-wide low-frequency continuous bandgap metastructures,offering significant potential for noise mitigation in complex environments.展开更多
The refinement of the as-cast grain structure in austenitic heat-resistant stainless steel depends on the formation of active solid nuclei during solidification.Titanium(Ti)additions successfully induced the formation...The refinement of the as-cast grain structure in austenitic heat-resistant stainless steel depends on the formation of active solid nuclei during solidification.Titanium(Ti)additions successfully induced the formation of Ti-containing inclusions,enhancing heterogeneous nucleation and promoting equiaxed dendritic growth in 347H stainless steel.Thermal simulation experiments indicated that the equiaxed crystal ratios increased notably with Ti content;samples with 0.06,0.12,and 0.36 wt.%Ti exhibited equiaxed ratios of 18%,24%,and 41%,respectively.Three primary inclusion types—TiN,Al_(2)O_(3)-TiN,and TiO_(x)-TiN—were identified at the cores of equiaxed dendrites,with nucleation core sizes predominantly ranging from 0.5 to 8μm.Among the tested samples,the 0.36 wt.%Ti addition produced the highest nucleation core density.Increasing Ti content significantly elevated dendrite tip undercooling from 2.6 K(0.06 wt.%Ti)to 10.8 K(0.36 wt.%Ti),accelerating solidification front instability and thus enhancing heterogeneous nucleation.Additionally,higher Ti content increased the divergence angle between adjacent columnar dendrites,further promoting the columnar-to-equiaxed transition(CET).展开更多
We report an immobilized enzyme-catalyzed batch and continuous-flow synthesis of optically pure ethyl(R)-pantothenate((R)-PaOEt),the direct precursor of d-pantothenic acid.Firstly,a ketoreductase mutant designated as ...We report an immobilized enzyme-catalyzed batch and continuous-flow synthesis of optically pure ethyl(R)-pantothenate((R)-PaOEt),the direct precursor of d-pantothenic acid.Firstly,a ketoreductase mutant designated as M2,carrying two-point mutations of F97L and M242F relative to the wild-type SSCR,was constructed by site-directed mutagenesis,exhibited simultaneously improved activity toward ethyl 2′-ketopantothenate(K-PaOEt)and isopropanol,and could effectively catalyze the stereoselective reduction of K-PaOEt to(R)-PaOEt by using isopropanol as the sacrificial co-substrate to regenerate NADPH.After screening six commercially available carriers,an amino resin LXTE-700 was identified as the best solid support for the immobilization of M2 via the glutaraldehyde activation method.Upon optimization of the immobilization process and reaction conditions,the fabricated immobilized enzyme M2@amino resin demonstrated excellent recyclability and reusability,with the complete conversion of K-PaOEt to(R)-PaOEt being still realized after 12 cycles of reuse.Finally,M2@amino resin-catalyzed synthesis of(R)-PaOEt was successfully implemented in continuous-flow,accomplishing a 6.3 times higher space-time yield than that with the batch synthesis(529.2 versus 84 g L^(-1) d^(-1)).Our developed flow biocatalysis system also features an outstanding operational stability,as evidenced by the 100%conversion rate achieved after 15 consecutive days of operation.展开更多
Introduction:The choice is no longer whether—but when and how!Today,organizations can no longer choose whether or not to engage with stakeholders;the only real decision is when and how to do it successfully.Engaging ...Introduction:The choice is no longer whether—but when and how!Today,organizations can no longer choose whether or not to engage with stakeholders;the only real decision is when and how to do it successfully.Engaging stakeholders is essential for any type of organization,public,private,or civil society.In fact,it is a fundamental part of effective governance,continuous improvement,and social responsibility.The principle behind stakeholder engagement is simple yet powerful:those who can influence or be affected by an organization's mission must be given the opportunity to express their views and contribute to shaping the decisions that impact them.展开更多
The rapid decay of the surface wettability of plasma-treated polymers remains a critical limitation for their practical application in advanced materials.This study introduces a continuous atmospheric pressure plasma(...The rapid decay of the surface wettability of plasma-treated polymers remains a critical limitation for their practical application in advanced materials.This study introduces a continuous atmospheric pressure plasma(APP)technique for fabricating polyethylene(PE)separators with durable wettability,and elucidates the underlying mechanism.A systematic comparison of APP treatments with non-deposition and deposition gases,including Ar,Ar/O_(2),Ar/tetramethylcyclotetrasiloxane(TMCTS),and Ar/O_(2)/TMCTS,revealed the key impact factors in achieving durable wettability.Owing to the synergistic interactions of SiO_(x)C_(y)H_(z)nanoparticulate deposition,physical etching,and oxidative functionalization,the PE separator treated by Ar/O_(2)/TMCTS exhibited a 17.5-fold electrolyte wetting area compared to the original one.The improved surface energy and roughness of the SiO_(x)C_(y)H_(z)nanoparticle coating enhanced its electrochemical performance.The ionic conductivity increased by 1.9 times,while the charge transfer resistance decreased by 73.7%.Remarkably,owing to further oxidation of the SiO_(x)C_(y)H_(z)nanoparticle coating and the increase in its silica-like structure,the wetting area of the Ar/O_(2)/TMCTS-treated separator was still over 14-fold larger than that of the original separator after aging for 90 days.This study demonstrates an eco-friendly and scalable approach for fabricating high-performance battery separators and provides mechanistic insights into durable wettability by APP.展开更多
The transient phenomena of re-oxidation and slag entrapment occurring in the tundish during the ladle change-over process have been proven detrimental to clean steel production.Therefore,an unsteady three-phase turbul...The transient phenomena of re-oxidation and slag entrapment occurring in the tundish during the ladle change-over process have been proven detrimental to clean steel production.Therefore,an unsteady three-phase turbulence model,coupling velocity,temperature,and phase field was established to study the effect of the ladle shroud immersion depth on the slag eye formation,slag entrainment,slag dragging,air dragging,and flow characteristics during the ladle change-over process of a two-strand tundish.The results showed that reducing the immersion depth decreases the high-velocity region area under the slag layer in the quasi-steady process.During the emptying stage,as the molten bath level gradually decreases,the outlet temperature exhibits a trend of initially decreasing and subsequently increasing across all three shroud immersion depths.However,under a 210 mm shroud immersion depth,molten slag and air are dragged into the shroud,forming slag droplets and causing significant fluctuations,with a maximum scalar velocity of 0.0764 m/s at the monitoring point.In the filling stage,air and molten slag are dragged into the molten bath,forming bubbles and slag droplets at an immersion depth of 210 mm.Bubbles are observed within the molten slag layer,which can readily cause an emulsification phenomenon,making it easier to be dragged as slag droplets.Additionally,the slag eye area measured under 210 mm immersion depth at 45 s is 0.303 m^(2),while the maximum scalar velocity of 2.4259 m/s is detected at 12 s.At an immersion depth of 360 mm,the average area of the slag eye is minimized to 0.06268 m2,with corresponding variances of 0.006753,representing the optimal immersion depth.展开更多
1.Introduction.Pancreaticoduodenectomy is an essential surgical procedure for the treatment of malignant tumors in the pancreatic head,distal common bile duct,and duodenal papilla,and is widely used in clinical practi...1.Introduction.Pancreaticoduodenectomy is an essential surgical procedure for the treatment of malignant tumors in the pancreatic head,distal common bile duct,and duodenal papilla,and is widely used in clinical practice.One of the primary determinants of surgical success is the durability of the pancreaticojejunal anastomosis.展开更多
A full-sectional microstructure characterization method was developed to investigate the formation of coarse slag rims during the continuous casting of hypo-peritectic steel.The cross-sectional microstructural analysi...A full-sectional microstructure characterization method was developed to investigate the formation of coarse slag rims during the continuous casting of hypo-peritectic steel.The cross-sectional microstructural analysis of typical slag rims for two highly crystalline powders revealed that their formation was primarily driven by the solidification of the liquid slag.Distinct differences were observed in the microstructures of slag rims from the two powders.Powder A(characterized by a higher breaking temperature and viscosity)displayed alternating lamellar microstructures of coarse and fine phases,with the coarse phases composed of akermanite-gehlenite transition phases.In contrast,powder B(with a lower breaking temperature and viscosity)predominantly comprised regular akermanite-gehlenite crystals interspersed with a certain amount of glassy phases.Numerical simulations of a three-phase fluid flow coupled with heat transfer indicate that slag rim formation correlates with mold oscillation.Solidification of the liquid slag at the slag rim front predominantly occurs during the negative stroke of the mold oscillation.The average heating rate during the ascending stage of the mold reaches approximately 100 K·s^(−1),whereas the average cooling rate during the descending stage attains 400 K·s^(−1).This temperature variation leads to the formation of lamellar microstructures,whereas the ascending stage promotes the formation of coarse structures and thicker slag rims.Based on the powder properties,two distinct formation pathways exist for highly crystalline mold powders.For the powders with a higher breaking temperature,higher viscosity,and narrower solidification range(powder A),coarse microstructures and thicker slag rims were preferentially formed.For powders with lower breaking temperature and viscosity and wider solidification ranges(powder B),the liquid slag resisted rapid solidification,and the extended mushy zone allowed the partial liquid slag to persist at the slag rim front,promoting the formation of a thin slag rim.This study enhances the understanding of slag rim formation in highly crystalline mold powders and provides critical insights into the control of longitudinal surface cracks in hypo-peritectic steel.展开更多
Autonomous truck platooning,as a novel transportationmode,has attracted significant attention due to its potential to improve transportation efficiency,reduce energy consumption,and lower operational costs.However,thi...Autonomous truck platooning,as a novel transportationmode,has attracted significant attention due to its potential to improve transportation efficiency,reduce energy consumption,and lower operational costs.However,this emerging mode poses new challenges to the dynamic performance of long-span bridges.This study aims to investigate the impact of autonomous truck platoons on the dynamic performance of continuous beam bridges.Using finite element software to construct accurate vehicle-bridge interaction models,we simulated the dynamic response between vehicle platoons and bridge structures.The study systematically evaluated the effects of four key factors—vehicle speed,number of formations,vehicle spacing,and vehicle weight—on mid-span deformation and the dynamic amplification factor of bridges.Taking a long-span continuous beam bridge as the research object and employing orthogonal experimental designmethods,we efficiently explored themulti-factor interactive effects on bridge dynamic response.Research results indicate that vehicle speed is the dominant factor affecting the bridge dynamic coefficient,showing a significant positive correlation.The interaction between vehicle spacing and the number of formations has a substantial impact on the dynamic coefficient,particularly under conditions of high-speed operation,large-scale formations,tight vehicle spacing,and heavy-load multi-factor coupling.These conditions can significantly increase mid-span bridge deformation and the dynamic coefficient,potentially exceeding design live-load standard value in specific scenarios.Based on the experimental results,this study recommends that truck formations strictly control vehicle speed during operation,maintain appropriate vehicle spacing,limit the number of formations,and regulate loading conditions to ensure normal bridge operation and long-termdurability.The research findings provide scientific guidance for optimizing truck formation strategies and ensuring bridge safety.展开更多
To maximize the profits of power grid operators(GOs),load aggregators(LAs)and electricity customers(ECs),this paper proposes a hierarchical demand response(HDR)framework that considers competing interaction based on m...To maximize the profits of power grid operators(GOs),load aggregators(LAs)and electricity customers(ECs),this paper proposes a hierarchical demand response(HDR)framework that considers competing interaction based on multiagent deep deterministic policy gradient(MaDDPG).The ECs are divided into conventional ECs and the electric vehicles(EVs)which are managed by ECs agent(ECA)and EV agent(EVA)to exploit the flexibility of the HDR framework.Thus,the HDR is a tri-layer model determined by five types of agents engaging in competing interaction to maximize their own profits.To address the limitations of mathematical expression and participation scale in the Stackelberg game within the HDR model,a dynamic interaction mechanism is adopted.Moreover,to tackle the HDR involving various entities,the MaDDPG develops multiple agents to simulation the dynamic competing interactions between each subject as well as solve the problem of continuous action control.Furthermore,MaDDPG adopts soft target update and priority experience replay method to ensure stable and effective training,and makes the exploration strategy comprehensive by using exploration noise.Simulation studies are conducted to verify the performance of the MaDDPG with dynamic interaction mechanism in dealing with multilayer multi-agent continuous action control,compared to the double deep Q network(DDQN),deep Q network(DQN)and dueling DQN.Additionally,comparisons among the proposed HDR with the price based DR(PBDR)and incentive based DR(IBDR)are analyzed to investigate the flexibility of the HDR.展开更多
Traditional nanofiltration membranes face challenges such as membrane fouling and difficulties in achieving precise separation of small organic molecules.A promising solution to these issues is the preparation of thin...Traditional nanofiltration membranes face challenges such as membrane fouling and difficulties in achieving precise separation of small organic molecules.A promising solution to these issues is the preparation of thin-film nanocomposite membranes.In this study,Cu and Ag bimetals were incorporated into covalent organic frameworks to fabricate thin-film nanocomposite membranes.The hydrophilic monomer 1,3,5-tris(4-aminophenyl)benzene of covalent organic frameworks was introduced as a water phase monomer during interfacial polymerization to enhance the organic-inorganic compatibility.The incorporated covalent organic frameworks within the thin-film nanocomposite membrane loosened the selective layer,resulting in an enhanced permeability of 24.6 LMH bar^(-1).The membrane exhibited a rejection rate over 99.0%for Congo Red,Xylene Brilliant Cyanine G,and Reactive Blue,while exhibiting relatively low rejection rates of MgCl_(2) and NaCl.Moreover,the outstanding catalytic capability of the incorporated bimetals led to a 4-nitrophenol conversion rate of 84.38%,enabling simultaneous conversion and separation.The integration of covalent organic frameworks and bimetals also imparted robust antibacterial properties,significantly enhancing operational stability.In conclusion,the covalent organic framework-Cu/Ag-based thin-film nanocomposite membrane demonstrated superior catalytic and separation capabilities,presenting a promising alternative for advanced filtration applications.展开更多
Electrons in the energy range of 10–100 keV are important energetic particle components in the magnetosphere,and they play a key role in many physical processes in the magnetosphere.However,many scientific questions ...Electrons in the energy range of 10–100 keV are important energetic particle components in the magnetosphere,and they play a key role in many physical processes in the magnetosphere.However,many scientific questions about these processes are still unanswered.High spatiotemporal and energy-resolution imaging detection of 10–100 keV electrons is of great significance for solving these scientific problems.The traditional space particle detection technology cannot effectively detect the medium-energy electrons in this energy range.In this project,we propose combining low-noise particle detection technology with pinhole imaging technology to achieve high-resolution imaging detection of 10–100 keV medium-energy electrons in the magnetosphere,and at the same time achieve miniaturization(≤3.2 kg and size of 150×150×170 mm)and low power consumption(≤5 W)of the instrument,which can be used for space physics research and space weather applications in the future.展开更多
In this paper,we propose a learning algorithm termed linear multistep adaptive moment(LMAdam) to enhance the adaptive moment(Adam) algorithm for machine learning.Considering Adam as a single-step discretization of its...In this paper,we propose a learning algorithm termed linear multistep adaptive moment(LMAdam) to enhance the adaptive moment(Adam) algorithm for machine learning.Considering Adam as a single-step discretization of its continuous counterpart,we develop the LMAdam algorithm based on a linear multistep discretization scheme.We design a feedforward neural network for learning the coefficients of the multistep terms with ensured consistency and select the coefficients to ensure zero stability of the multistep terms.We experimentally demonstrate the superiority of the LMAdam via extensive experimentation on benchmark datasets for training various deep neural networks in three applications.展开更多
The flow behavior of molten steel in the thin slab mold under high casting speed conditions was investigated,with a focus on the multi-mode continuous casting and rolling mold.A steel-slag two-phase flow model was est...The flow behavior of molten steel in the thin slab mold under high casting speed conditions was investigated,with a focus on the multi-mode continuous casting and rolling mold.A steel-slag two-phase flow model was established using large eddy simulation,the volume of fluid,and magnetohydrodynamics methods through numerical simulation.The maximum flow velocity and wave height at the steel-slag interface within the mold are critical evaluation criteria for analyzing asymmetric flow under varying casting speeds and electromagnetic braking.The results indicate that the asymmetric flows within the mold do not occur synchronously.The severity of the asymmetric flow correlates with the velocity difference across the steel-slag interface.A greater biased flow prolongs the time required to revert to a steady state.When the magnetic field intensity is set to 0.24 T and the magnetic pole position is at 390 mm from the steel-slag interface,this configuration can reduce the velocity of the steel-slag interface,thereby mitigating the asymmetric flow.Additionally,it can diminish the velocity,impact depth,and impact intensity on the narrow face of the jet,thus improving the distribution of velocity and turbulent kinetic energy within the mold.This configuration prolongs the time required for the steel-slag interface to transition from a stable state to its maximum velocity and shortens the time for the interface to return to stability from an unstable state.Moreover,it ensures the positional stability of the steel-slag interface,confining its position within−3 mm.展开更多
Under the background of achieving energy efficiency and carbon reduction,the use of Continuous Casting-Direct Hot Charging Rolling(CC-DHCR)technology was explored at the Hot Rolling Plant of Baosteel,China.As temperat...Under the background of achieving energy efficiency and carbon reduction,the use of Continuous Casting-Direct Hot Charging Rolling(CC-DHCR)technology was explored at the Hot Rolling Plant of Baosteel,China.As temperature variation and temperature uniformity directly affect the rolling quality of the billet,numerical simulations of the billet temperature profile changes in the CC-DHCR were conducted at the start of the industrial trial,and the billet temperature distribution and cross-section temperature difference during its transportation and throughout the heating process were analyzed.According to numerical simulation calculations,the average temperature of billet discharged from the heating furnace was 1150℃,which after subsequent controlled cooling met the final rolling temperature requirements of(880±30)℃for this kind of steel.The maximum temperature difference of the billet discharged from the furnace was within 35 K,which meets the billet heating uniformity requirements of the rolling process.The simulation results were compared with experimental results,and the rationality of the simulation was validated.In addition,the industrial trial billet was rolled,and the rolling quality was good during tracking.In this CC-DHCR industrial trial,the fuel consumption was 28.6 kgce/t(kilogram coal equivalent per ton),a reduction of 33.7%compared with the current traditional process,and CO 2 emissions were reduced by 38.09 kg/t.展开更多
Liquid core reduction(LCR)technology,originally developed for continuous thin-slab casting,allows space for a submerged entry nozzle in a mold while improving production efficiency.Recent experimental attempts explore...Liquid core reduction(LCR)technology,originally developed for continuous thin-slab casting,allows space for a submerged entry nozzle in a mold while improving production efficiency.Recent experimental attempts explore the implementation of LCR in regular slab casting processes.However,regular slabs(2–3 times thicker than thin slabs)face critical challenges in terms of excessive deformation and stress concentration under external forces,which induce intermediate cracks and thus hinder successful LCR adoption in regular slab production.This study evaluates the feasibility of LCR for producing regular slabs and identifies optimal reduction parameters to prevent crack initiation.A three-dimensional thermal–mechanical coupled model is proposed using the finite element method(FEM),integrated with the equivalent replacement liquid steel(ERLS)method and the normalized Cockcroft–Latham damage model,to achieve quantitative prediction of intermediate crack risk during the LCR process.The ERLS model simulates the extrusion flow and expulsion behavior of the liquid core,and its accuracy is validated against actual production measurements.To identify the critical damage value leading to intermediate crack initiation,this study conducts a consistency analysis between high-temperature tensile tests and FEM-based simulations using damage models.Based on this value,crack prediction is performed for Q355 slabs with cross-sectional dimensions of 170 mm×1450 mm.Using the prediction results,an optimal reduction scheme is determined,wherein the second segment accounts for 50%of the total reduction,the third segment for 32.5%,and the fourth segment for 17.5%,with the theoretical value of maximum reduction being 34 mm.These results provide actionable guidelines for the potential implementation of LCR in regular slab-casting systems.展开更多
Objective:To investigate the effects of switching to either Prandilin 25R monotherapy or Prandilin 25R combined with ganagliflozin proline tablets after short-term intensive continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion du...Objective:To investigate the effects of switching to either Prandilin 25R monotherapy or Prandilin 25R combined with ganagliflozin proline tablets after short-term intensive continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion during hospitalization in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus on glycemic control,glycometabolic indicators,and cardiovascular risk factors,and to evaluate the safety of the two regimens.Methods:A total of 78 elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus admitted to our hospital from January 2025 to September 2025 were selected and randomly divided into a control group and an observation group,with 39 cases in each group.The control group received monotherapy with insulin lispro protamine recombinant injection(Prandilin 25R)after intensive continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion,while the observation group received Prandilin 25R combined with ganagliflozin proline tablets.Continuous glucose monitoring(CGM)was performed for 14 days during the intensive continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion therapy phase in the hospital,followed by routine fingertip blood glucose monitoring after 14 days.Glycemic control indicators,glycometabolic indicators,and the incidence of adverse reactions were compared between the two groups.Results:After treatment,the mean amplitude of glycemic excursions and the 24-hour blood glucose standard deviation were significantly lower in the observation group than in the control group,while the time spent within the target blood glucose range was significantly higher(p<0.05).The levels of glycated hemoglobin,fasting blood glucose,and 2-hour postprandial blood glucose were better in the observation group than in the control group;moreover,the body mass index,systolic blood pressure,and blood lipid levels improved more significantly in the observation group than in the control group(p<0.05).There was no statistically significant difference in the incidence of hypoglycemia between the two groups.Conclusion:Combination therapy with ganagliflozin proline tablets after short-term intensive continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion therapy can effectively improve glycemic variability in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus,with good safety.This suggests that ganagliflozin proline tablets have a hypoglycemic advantage in the combination regimen and possess high clinical promotional value.展开更多
This study explores the motivations,perceived benefits,and challenges associated with the adoption of clearcutfree forestry by early adopters among non-industrial private forest(NIPF)owners in southern-central Sweden....This study explores the motivations,perceived benefits,and challenges associated with the adoption of clearcutfree forestry by early adopters among non-industrial private forest(NIPF)owners in southern-central Sweden.Clearcut-free forestry,characterized by continuous tree cover and an emphasis on biodiversity,structural diversity,and ecosystem services(ES),is increasingly seen as a sustainable alternative to conventional intensive management based on short rotations and clear-cutting practices.Based on qualitative interviews with 22 NIPF owners who have adopted this approach,the study provides insights into how these early adopters perceive the value of clearcut-free forestry.Reported motivations include environmental concerns,such as biodiversity conservation and climate resilience,as well as strong socio-cultural values linked to family traditions,aesthetic preferences,and community wellbeing.In this study,we use the multi-level perspective(MLP)framework to conceptualize NIPF owners who have adopted clearcut-free forestry as niche actors and analyze their potential contribution to the emergence of an alternative forest management regime.The findings highlight that early adopters associate multiple benefits with clearcut-free forestry,encompassing enhanced ecosystem services such as carbon sequestration,water regulation,habitat preservation,and socio-cultural enrichment through recreation and relational values.However,the interviewees identify several interrelated challenges,including knowledge gaps,lack of clear definitions and standardized practices,limited advisory services,underdeveloped value chains for high-quality timber,and market barriers,which hinder more widespread adoption.Within the multi-level perspective,owner perceptions linking clearcut-free management with improved forest multifunctionality serve as a key driver of niche-level experimentation.This suggests an alignment between these owners and evolving societal demands for more inclusive,sustainable,and diversified forest use.Policy recommendations include targeted investments in knowledge co-production,infrastructure,market incentives,and certification schemes to support the economic viability and broader adoption of clearcut-free forestry.展开更多
基金funded by the Medical Science Research Project of the Hebei Provincial Health and Health Commission(20230550).
文摘BACKGROUND:This study is to evaluate clearance eff ects of hemoperfusion(HP),continuous renal replacement therapy(CRRT),and plasma exchange(PE)for chlorfenapyr and its metabolite tralopyril in patients with acute poisoning.METHODS:This retrospective study included 18 patients with acute oral chlorfenapyr poisoning treated at our department between January 2022 and January 2024.All patients received conventional therapies combined with blood purification,including HP,CRRT,and PE.HP was performed three sessions within the fi rst 24 h,followed by CRRT and PE.Serial blood samples were collected to measure plasma concentrations of chlorfenapyr and tralopyril using gas chromatography/liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC/LC-MS).The toxin-clearance eff ects were assessed using a linear mixed-eff ects(LME)model.RESULTS:The hourly decline rate of the plasma chlorfenapyr concentration(median[IQR])was 8.83%(1.79%)for HP,4.12%(1.26%)for CRRT,and 6.85%(1.44%)for PE.LME analysis showed higher decline rate in the plasma concentration with HP(β=5.00;P<0.001)and PE(β=2.15;P=0.003)compared to CRRT.For tralopyril,the hourly decline rates were 3.04%(0.62%)for HP,1.82%(0.48%)for CRRT,and 3.01%(0.37%)for PE.LME analysis showed that the clearance effects of HP(β=0.027;P<0.001)and PE(β=0.022;P=0.001)were superior to CRRT.Pre-treatment toxin levels and the interval from hospital admission to blood purifi cation showed no signifi cant interaction with clearance outcomes.CONCLUSION:In our study,HP was associated with a higher decline rate in plasma chlorfenapyr concentration compared to CRRT and PE,supporting HP as a preferred early intervention.However,all three methods showed limited effi cacy in reducing tralopyril levels.Further research into the toxicokinetics and mechanisms of chlorfenapyr is warranted to optimize purifi cation strategies.
文摘Background:Continuous care for children with enterostomy and their families has been gaining popularity in China.Objective:To evaluate the feasibility of continuous care for children with enterostomy and their families in China.Methods:The PubMed,Web of Science,Embase,Cochrane Library,EBSCO,CNKI,CBM,VIP,and WanFang were searched for clinical trials until December 30,2025.Two reviewers independently searched articles,evaluated quality and extracted data.This review was conducted in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses(PRISMA).Results:33 studies involving 2774 participants were included.The meta-analysis showed that continuous care strategy can significantly reduce the incidence of complications in children with enterostomy(OR=0.20,95%CI=0.16-0.26,p<0.001,I2=0%),effectively improve the family caregiver ability for enterostomy(MD=-10.34,95%CI=-13.82 to-6.85,p<0.001,I2=99%),shorten the time for family members to replace stoma bags(MD=-13.57,95%CI=-19.66 to-7.49,p<0.001,I2=100%),and alleviate negative emotions such as anxiety(SMD=-1.80,95%CI=-2.36 to-1.23,p<0.001,I2=92%)and depression(SMD=-1.54,95%CI=-2.04 to-1.04,p<0.001,I2=89%)in the families of the affected children.Conclusions:Continuous care can reduce complications of enterostomy in children,improve the family caregiver ability for enterostomy and alleviate negative emotions of family members such as anxiety and depression.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.12572020)the Key Project of Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province of China(No.A2023210064)。
文摘Local resonant acoustic metamaterials have broad applications in sound insulation,yet their single-configuration designs often exhibit limited and discontinuous bandgap widths,hindering full-frequency noise attenuation across the human auditory range.This study presents a double-phase fidget-spinner-shaped acoustic metamaterial(DFAM),specifically designed to achieve an ultra-broad,low-frequency continuous bandgap by means of synergistic structural optimization,enabling effective and robust control of audible noise.Based on Bloch's theorem and the finite element method,the dispersion relation of the DFAM structure is calculated and verified by the transmission loss curves.The propagation characteristics of sound waves within the structure are further analyzed for noise frequencies that fall within the passband.The influence of the geometric and physical parameters on the bandgap is investigated,and the corresponding transmission loss in the propagation direction is further calculated.A hybrid collaborative design strategy,leveraging multi-parameter optimization and bandgap complementarity,is developed to construct a metastructure with continuous bandgap coverage from 20 Hz to 1000 Hz.The resulting metastructure demonstrates exceptional broadband noise attenuation,achieving a total bandgap width of 876.3 Hz(87.63% of the target range)with the transmission loss up to-762.78 d B in a three-periodic arrangement.The simulation and experimental results for the transmission loss of the DFAM metastructure show strong agreement in the low-frequency range.This work provides a novel framework for designing ultra-wide low-frequency continuous bandgap metastructures,offering significant potential for noise mitigation in complex environments.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2021YFB3700602)the Jiaxing Key Research and Development Program(Grant No.2022BZ10010).
文摘The refinement of the as-cast grain structure in austenitic heat-resistant stainless steel depends on the formation of active solid nuclei during solidification.Titanium(Ti)additions successfully induced the formation of Ti-containing inclusions,enhancing heterogeneous nucleation and promoting equiaxed dendritic growth in 347H stainless steel.Thermal simulation experiments indicated that the equiaxed crystal ratios increased notably with Ti content;samples with 0.06,0.12,and 0.36 wt.%Ti exhibited equiaxed ratios of 18%,24%,and 41%,respectively.Three primary inclusion types—TiN,Al_(2)O_(3)-TiN,and TiO_(x)-TiN—were identified at the cores of equiaxed dendrites,with nucleation core sizes predominantly ranging from 0.5 to 8μm.Among the tested samples,the 0.36 wt.%Ti addition produced the highest nucleation core density.Increasing Ti content significantly elevated dendrite tip undercooling from 2.6 K(0.06 wt.%Ti)to 10.8 K(0.36 wt.%Ti),accelerating solidification front instability and thus enhancing heterogeneous nucleation.Additionally,higher Ti content increased the divergence angle between adjacent columnar dendrites,further promoting the columnar-to-equiaxed transition(CET).
基金the Science and Technology R&D Major Project of Jiangxi Province(No.20244AFI92001)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.22071033 and 21801047)for the financial supports.
文摘We report an immobilized enzyme-catalyzed batch and continuous-flow synthesis of optically pure ethyl(R)-pantothenate((R)-PaOEt),the direct precursor of d-pantothenic acid.Firstly,a ketoreductase mutant designated as M2,carrying two-point mutations of F97L and M242F relative to the wild-type SSCR,was constructed by site-directed mutagenesis,exhibited simultaneously improved activity toward ethyl 2′-ketopantothenate(K-PaOEt)and isopropanol,and could effectively catalyze the stereoselective reduction of K-PaOEt to(R)-PaOEt by using isopropanol as the sacrificial co-substrate to regenerate NADPH.After screening six commercially available carriers,an amino resin LXTE-700 was identified as the best solid support for the immobilization of M2 via the glutaraldehyde activation method.Upon optimization of the immobilization process and reaction conditions,the fabricated immobilized enzyme M2@amino resin demonstrated excellent recyclability and reusability,with the complete conversion of K-PaOEt to(R)-PaOEt being still realized after 12 cycles of reuse.Finally,M2@amino resin-catalyzed synthesis of(R)-PaOEt was successfully implemented in continuous-flow,accomplishing a 6.3 times higher space-time yield than that with the batch synthesis(529.2 versus 84 g L^(-1) d^(-1)).Our developed flow biocatalysis system also features an outstanding operational stability,as evidenced by the 100%conversion rate achieved after 15 consecutive days of operation.
文摘Introduction:The choice is no longer whether—but when and how!Today,organizations can no longer choose whether or not to engage with stakeholders;the only real decision is when and how to do it successfully.Engaging stakeholders is essential for any type of organization,public,private,or civil society.In fact,it is a fundamental part of effective governance,continuous improvement,and social responsibility.The principle behind stakeholder engagement is simple yet powerful:those who can influence or be affected by an organization's mission must be given the opportunity to express their views and contribute to shaping the decisions that impact them.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.12075054)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.CUSF-DH-T-2024069)。
文摘The rapid decay of the surface wettability of plasma-treated polymers remains a critical limitation for their practical application in advanced materials.This study introduces a continuous atmospheric pressure plasma(APP)technique for fabricating polyethylene(PE)separators with durable wettability,and elucidates the underlying mechanism.A systematic comparison of APP treatments with non-deposition and deposition gases,including Ar,Ar/O_(2),Ar/tetramethylcyclotetrasiloxane(TMCTS),and Ar/O_(2)/TMCTS,revealed the key impact factors in achieving durable wettability.Owing to the synergistic interactions of SiO_(x)C_(y)H_(z)nanoparticulate deposition,physical etching,and oxidative functionalization,the PE separator treated by Ar/O_(2)/TMCTS exhibited a 17.5-fold electrolyte wetting area compared to the original one.The improved surface energy and roughness of the SiO_(x)C_(y)H_(z)nanoparticle coating enhanced its electrochemical performance.The ionic conductivity increased by 1.9 times,while the charge transfer resistance decreased by 73.7%.Remarkably,owing to further oxidation of the SiO_(x)C_(y)H_(z)nanoparticle coating and the increase in its silica-like structure,the wetting area of the Ar/O_(2)/TMCTS-treated separator was still over 14-fold larger than that of the original separator after aging for 90 days.This study demonstrates an eco-friendly and scalable approach for fabricating high-performance battery separators and provides mechanistic insights into durable wettability by APP.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52422408 and 52171031)the Liaoning Xingliao Talents-Top-notch Young Talents Project(No.XLYC2203064)+1 种基金the Excellent Youth Fund of Liaoning Natural Science Foundation(No.2023JH3/10200001)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.N2425004).
文摘The transient phenomena of re-oxidation and slag entrapment occurring in the tundish during the ladle change-over process have been proven detrimental to clean steel production.Therefore,an unsteady three-phase turbulence model,coupling velocity,temperature,and phase field was established to study the effect of the ladle shroud immersion depth on the slag eye formation,slag entrainment,slag dragging,air dragging,and flow characteristics during the ladle change-over process of a two-strand tundish.The results showed that reducing the immersion depth decreases the high-velocity region area under the slag layer in the quasi-steady process.During the emptying stage,as the molten bath level gradually decreases,the outlet temperature exhibits a trend of initially decreasing and subsequently increasing across all three shroud immersion depths.However,under a 210 mm shroud immersion depth,molten slag and air are dragged into the shroud,forming slag droplets and causing significant fluctuations,with a maximum scalar velocity of 0.0764 m/s at the monitoring point.In the filling stage,air and molten slag are dragged into the molten bath,forming bubbles and slag droplets at an immersion depth of 210 mm.Bubbles are observed within the molten slag layer,which can readily cause an emulsification phenomenon,making it easier to be dragged as slag droplets.Additionally,the slag eye area measured under 210 mm immersion depth at 45 s is 0.303 m^(2),while the maximum scalar velocity of 2.4259 m/s is detected at 12 s.At an immersion depth of 360 mm,the average area of the slag eye is minimized to 0.06268 m2,with corresponding variances of 0.006753,representing the optimal immersion depth.
文摘1.Introduction.Pancreaticoduodenectomy is an essential surgical procedure for the treatment of malignant tumors in the pancreatic head,distal common bile duct,and duodenal papilla,and is widely used in clinical practice.One of the primary determinants of surgical success is the durability of the pancreaticojejunal anastomosis.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52274318).
文摘A full-sectional microstructure characterization method was developed to investigate the formation of coarse slag rims during the continuous casting of hypo-peritectic steel.The cross-sectional microstructural analysis of typical slag rims for two highly crystalline powders revealed that their formation was primarily driven by the solidification of the liquid slag.Distinct differences were observed in the microstructures of slag rims from the two powders.Powder A(characterized by a higher breaking temperature and viscosity)displayed alternating lamellar microstructures of coarse and fine phases,with the coarse phases composed of akermanite-gehlenite transition phases.In contrast,powder B(with a lower breaking temperature and viscosity)predominantly comprised regular akermanite-gehlenite crystals interspersed with a certain amount of glassy phases.Numerical simulations of a three-phase fluid flow coupled with heat transfer indicate that slag rim formation correlates with mold oscillation.Solidification of the liquid slag at the slag rim front predominantly occurs during the negative stroke of the mold oscillation.The average heating rate during the ascending stage of the mold reaches approximately 100 K·s^(−1),whereas the average cooling rate during the descending stage attains 400 K·s^(−1).This temperature variation leads to the formation of lamellar microstructures,whereas the ascending stage promotes the formation of coarse structures and thicker slag rims.Based on the powder properties,two distinct formation pathways exist for highly crystalline mold powders.For the powders with a higher breaking temperature,higher viscosity,and narrower solidification range(powder A),coarse microstructures and thicker slag rims were preferentially formed.For powders with lower breaking temperature and viscosity and wider solidification ranges(powder B),the liquid slag resisted rapid solidification,and the extended mushy zone allowed the partial liquid slag to persist at the slag rim front,promoting the formation of a thin slag rim.This study enhances the understanding of slag rim formation in highly crystalline mold powders and provides critical insights into the control of longitudinal surface cracks in hypo-peritectic steel.
基金The authors would like to thank the support by“111”Project“Centre on Safety and Intelligent Operation of Sea Bridge(D21013)”.
文摘Autonomous truck platooning,as a novel transportationmode,has attracted significant attention due to its potential to improve transportation efficiency,reduce energy consumption,and lower operational costs.However,this emerging mode poses new challenges to the dynamic performance of long-span bridges.This study aims to investigate the impact of autonomous truck platoons on the dynamic performance of continuous beam bridges.Using finite element software to construct accurate vehicle-bridge interaction models,we simulated the dynamic response between vehicle platoons and bridge structures.The study systematically evaluated the effects of four key factors—vehicle speed,number of formations,vehicle spacing,and vehicle weight—on mid-span deformation and the dynamic amplification factor of bridges.Taking a long-span continuous beam bridge as the research object and employing orthogonal experimental designmethods,we efficiently explored themulti-factor interactive effects on bridge dynamic response.Research results indicate that vehicle speed is the dominant factor affecting the bridge dynamic coefficient,showing a significant positive correlation.The interaction between vehicle spacing and the number of formations has a substantial impact on the dynamic coefficient,particularly under conditions of high-speed operation,large-scale formations,tight vehicle spacing,and heavy-load multi-factor coupling.These conditions can significantly increase mid-span bridge deformation and the dynamic coefficient,potentially exceeding design live-load standard value in specific scenarios.Based on the experimental results,this study recommends that truck formations strictly control vehicle speed during operation,maintain appropriate vehicle spacing,limit the number of formations,and regulate loading conditions to ensure normal bridge operation and long-termdurability.The research findings provide scientific guidance for optimizing truck formation strategies and ensuring bridge safety.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52477097)the GuangDong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(2023A1515240014)the State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Technology(Grant No.AET 2024KF005).
文摘To maximize the profits of power grid operators(GOs),load aggregators(LAs)and electricity customers(ECs),this paper proposes a hierarchical demand response(HDR)framework that considers competing interaction based on multiagent deep deterministic policy gradient(MaDDPG).The ECs are divided into conventional ECs and the electric vehicles(EVs)which are managed by ECs agent(ECA)and EV agent(EVA)to exploit the flexibility of the HDR framework.Thus,the HDR is a tri-layer model determined by five types of agents engaging in competing interaction to maximize their own profits.To address the limitations of mathematical expression and participation scale in the Stackelberg game within the HDR model,a dynamic interaction mechanism is adopted.Moreover,to tackle the HDR involving various entities,the MaDDPG develops multiple agents to simulation the dynamic competing interactions between each subject as well as solve the problem of continuous action control.Furthermore,MaDDPG adopts soft target update and priority experience replay method to ensure stable and effective training,and makes the exploration strategy comprehensive by using exploration noise.Simulation studies are conducted to verify the performance of the MaDDPG with dynamic interaction mechanism in dealing with multilayer multi-agent continuous action control,compared to the double deep Q network(DDQN),deep Q network(DQN)and dueling DQN.Additionally,comparisons among the proposed HDR with the price based DR(PBDR)and incentive based DR(IBDR)are analyzed to investigate the flexibility of the HDR.
基金sponsored by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.NSFC-22378160 and U23A20688).
文摘Traditional nanofiltration membranes face challenges such as membrane fouling and difficulties in achieving precise separation of small organic molecules.A promising solution to these issues is the preparation of thin-film nanocomposite membranes.In this study,Cu and Ag bimetals were incorporated into covalent organic frameworks to fabricate thin-film nanocomposite membranes.The hydrophilic monomer 1,3,5-tris(4-aminophenyl)benzene of covalent organic frameworks was introduced as a water phase monomer during interfacial polymerization to enhance the organic-inorganic compatibility.The incorporated covalent organic frameworks within the thin-film nanocomposite membrane loosened the selective layer,resulting in an enhanced permeability of 24.6 LMH bar^(-1).The membrane exhibited a rejection rate over 99.0%for Congo Red,Xylene Brilliant Cyanine G,and Reactive Blue,while exhibiting relatively low rejection rates of MgCl_(2) and NaCl.Moreover,the outstanding catalytic capability of the incorporated bimetals led to a 4-nitrophenol conversion rate of 84.38%,enabling simultaneous conversion and separation.The integration of covalent organic frameworks and bimetals also imparted robust antibacterial properties,significantly enhancing operational stability.In conclusion,the covalent organic framework-Cu/Ag-based thin-film nanocomposite membrane demonstrated superior catalytic and separation capabilities,presenting a promising alternative for advanced filtration applications.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.42274225)the International Science and Technology Cooperation Project of the Ningbo Key R&D Program(Grant No.2024H031).
文摘Electrons in the energy range of 10–100 keV are important energetic particle components in the magnetosphere,and they play a key role in many physical processes in the magnetosphere.However,many scientific questions about these processes are still unanswered.High spatiotemporal and energy-resolution imaging detection of 10–100 keV electrons is of great significance for solving these scientific problems.The traditional space particle detection technology cannot effectively detect the medium-energy electrons in this energy range.In this project,we propose combining low-noise particle detection technology with pinhole imaging technology to achieve high-resolution imaging detection of 10–100 keV medium-energy electrons in the magnetosphere,and at the same time achieve miniaturization(≤3.2 kg and size of 150×150×170 mm)and low power consumption(≤5 W)of the instrument,which can be used for space physics research and space weather applications in the future.
基金supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(62506148 and 62476115)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(lzujbky-2025-pd05 and lzujbky-2025-ytB01)+2 种基金the Research Grants Council of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China(AoE/E-407/24-N and C1013-24G)the Postdoctoral Fellowship Program(Grade C) of China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(GZC20251039)the Supercomputing Center of Lanzhou University。
文摘In this paper,we propose a learning algorithm termed linear multistep adaptive moment(LMAdam) to enhance the adaptive moment(Adam) algorithm for machine learning.Considering Adam as a single-step discretization of its continuous counterpart,we develop the LMAdam algorithm based on a linear multistep discretization scheme.We design a feedforward neural network for learning the coefficients of the multistep terms with ensured consistency and select the coefficients to ensure zero stability of the multistep terms.We experimentally demonstrate the superiority of the LMAdam via extensive experimentation on benchmark datasets for training various deep neural networks in three applications.
基金support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.52174313 and 52304350)thank all members of the Hebei High Quality Steel Continuous Casting Engineering Technology Research Center at North China University of Science and Technology,Tangshan,China.
文摘The flow behavior of molten steel in the thin slab mold under high casting speed conditions was investigated,with a focus on the multi-mode continuous casting and rolling mold.A steel-slag two-phase flow model was established using large eddy simulation,the volume of fluid,and magnetohydrodynamics methods through numerical simulation.The maximum flow velocity and wave height at the steel-slag interface within the mold are critical evaluation criteria for analyzing asymmetric flow under varying casting speeds and electromagnetic braking.The results indicate that the asymmetric flows within the mold do not occur synchronously.The severity of the asymmetric flow correlates with the velocity difference across the steel-slag interface.A greater biased flow prolongs the time required to revert to a steady state.When the magnetic field intensity is set to 0.24 T and the magnetic pole position is at 390 mm from the steel-slag interface,this configuration can reduce the velocity of the steel-slag interface,thereby mitigating the asymmetric flow.Additionally,it can diminish the velocity,impact depth,and impact intensity on the narrow face of the jet,thus improving the distribution of velocity and turbulent kinetic energy within the mold.This configuration prolongs the time required for the steel-slag interface to transition from a stable state to its maximum velocity and shortens the time for the interface to return to stability from an unstable state.Moreover,it ensures the positional stability of the steel-slag interface,confining its position within−3 mm.
文摘Under the background of achieving energy efficiency and carbon reduction,the use of Continuous Casting-Direct Hot Charging Rolling(CC-DHCR)technology was explored at the Hot Rolling Plant of Baosteel,China.As temperature variation and temperature uniformity directly affect the rolling quality of the billet,numerical simulations of the billet temperature profile changes in the CC-DHCR were conducted at the start of the industrial trial,and the billet temperature distribution and cross-section temperature difference during its transportation and throughout the heating process were analyzed.According to numerical simulation calculations,the average temperature of billet discharged from the heating furnace was 1150℃,which after subsequent controlled cooling met the final rolling temperature requirements of(880±30)℃for this kind of steel.The maximum temperature difference of the billet discharged from the furnace was within 35 K,which meets the billet heating uniformity requirements of the rolling process.The simulation results were compared with experimental results,and the rationality of the simulation was validated.In addition,the industrial trial billet was rolled,and the rolling quality was good during tracking.In this CC-DHCR industrial trial,the fuel consumption was 28.6 kgce/t(kilogram coal equivalent per ton),a reduction of 33.7%compared with the current traditional process,and CO 2 emissions were reduced by 38.09 kg/t.
基金financially supported by the Na-tional Natural Science Foundation of China (No.52474355)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Uni-versities,China (No.N25DCG006).
文摘Liquid core reduction(LCR)technology,originally developed for continuous thin-slab casting,allows space for a submerged entry nozzle in a mold while improving production efficiency.Recent experimental attempts explore the implementation of LCR in regular slab casting processes.However,regular slabs(2–3 times thicker than thin slabs)face critical challenges in terms of excessive deformation and stress concentration under external forces,which induce intermediate cracks and thus hinder successful LCR adoption in regular slab production.This study evaluates the feasibility of LCR for producing regular slabs and identifies optimal reduction parameters to prevent crack initiation.A three-dimensional thermal–mechanical coupled model is proposed using the finite element method(FEM),integrated with the equivalent replacement liquid steel(ERLS)method and the normalized Cockcroft–Latham damage model,to achieve quantitative prediction of intermediate crack risk during the LCR process.The ERLS model simulates the extrusion flow and expulsion behavior of the liquid core,and its accuracy is validated against actual production measurements.To identify the critical damage value leading to intermediate crack initiation,this study conducts a consistency analysis between high-temperature tensile tests and FEM-based simulations using damage models.Based on this value,crack prediction is performed for Q355 slabs with cross-sectional dimensions of 170 mm×1450 mm.Using the prediction results,an optimal reduction scheme is determined,wherein the second segment accounts for 50%of the total reduction,the third segment for 32.5%,and the fourth segment for 17.5%,with the theoretical value of maximum reduction being 34 mm.These results provide actionable guidelines for the potential implementation of LCR in regular slab-casting systems.
文摘Objective:To investigate the effects of switching to either Prandilin 25R monotherapy or Prandilin 25R combined with ganagliflozin proline tablets after short-term intensive continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion during hospitalization in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus on glycemic control,glycometabolic indicators,and cardiovascular risk factors,and to evaluate the safety of the two regimens.Methods:A total of 78 elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus admitted to our hospital from January 2025 to September 2025 were selected and randomly divided into a control group and an observation group,with 39 cases in each group.The control group received monotherapy with insulin lispro protamine recombinant injection(Prandilin 25R)after intensive continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion,while the observation group received Prandilin 25R combined with ganagliflozin proline tablets.Continuous glucose monitoring(CGM)was performed for 14 days during the intensive continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion therapy phase in the hospital,followed by routine fingertip blood glucose monitoring after 14 days.Glycemic control indicators,glycometabolic indicators,and the incidence of adverse reactions were compared between the two groups.Results:After treatment,the mean amplitude of glycemic excursions and the 24-hour blood glucose standard deviation were significantly lower in the observation group than in the control group,while the time spent within the target blood glucose range was significantly higher(p<0.05).The levels of glycated hemoglobin,fasting blood glucose,and 2-hour postprandial blood glucose were better in the observation group than in the control group;moreover,the body mass index,systolic blood pressure,and blood lipid levels improved more significantly in the observation group than in the control group(p<0.05).There was no statistically significant difference in the incidence of hypoglycemia between the two groups.Conclusion:Combination therapy with ganagliflozin proline tablets after short-term intensive continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion therapy can effectively improve glycemic variability in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus,with good safety.This suggests that ganagliflozin proline tablets have a hypoglycemic advantage in the combination regimen and possess high clinical promotional value.
基金financed by a grant from Mistra[DIA 2019/28]and from Formas via the National Research Programme on Climate(2021–00416)FORMAS,Grant Nos.2022-02146 and 2021–01067Swedish Environmental Protection Agency Research Grant No.2021–00040。
文摘This study explores the motivations,perceived benefits,and challenges associated with the adoption of clearcutfree forestry by early adopters among non-industrial private forest(NIPF)owners in southern-central Sweden.Clearcut-free forestry,characterized by continuous tree cover and an emphasis on biodiversity,structural diversity,and ecosystem services(ES),is increasingly seen as a sustainable alternative to conventional intensive management based on short rotations and clear-cutting practices.Based on qualitative interviews with 22 NIPF owners who have adopted this approach,the study provides insights into how these early adopters perceive the value of clearcut-free forestry.Reported motivations include environmental concerns,such as biodiversity conservation and climate resilience,as well as strong socio-cultural values linked to family traditions,aesthetic preferences,and community wellbeing.In this study,we use the multi-level perspective(MLP)framework to conceptualize NIPF owners who have adopted clearcut-free forestry as niche actors and analyze their potential contribution to the emergence of an alternative forest management regime.The findings highlight that early adopters associate multiple benefits with clearcut-free forestry,encompassing enhanced ecosystem services such as carbon sequestration,water regulation,habitat preservation,and socio-cultural enrichment through recreation and relational values.However,the interviewees identify several interrelated challenges,including knowledge gaps,lack of clear definitions and standardized practices,limited advisory services,underdeveloped value chains for high-quality timber,and market barriers,which hinder more widespread adoption.Within the multi-level perspective,owner perceptions linking clearcut-free management with improved forest multifunctionality serve as a key driver of niche-level experimentation.This suggests an alignment between these owners and evolving societal demands for more inclusive,sustainable,and diversified forest use.Policy recommendations include targeted investments in knowledge co-production,infrastructure,market incentives,and certification schemes to support the economic viability and broader adoption of clearcut-free forestry.
