[Objective] This study was conducted to expound the fertility improvement effect in continuous-cropping sugarcane field and provide reference for establishment of rational sugarcane fertilization system and improvemen...[Objective] This study was conducted to expound the fertility improvement effect in continuous-cropping sugarcane field and provide reference for establishment of rational sugarcane fertilization system and improvement of soil quality in continuous-cropping sugarcane field. [Method] The soil in the experimental region is latosolic red soil which was planted with sugarcane for 11 years continuously, and 8 treatments including sole application of chemical fertilizers, sole application of organ- ic fertilizer, and combined application of organic fertilizer and chemical fertilizers were designed according to different fertilization measures. The effects of different fertilization treatments on soil microbial biomass, soil enzyme activities and related fertility factors were determined. [Result} Different fertilization treatments all showed soil microbial biomass N, C and P and activities of soil acid phosphatase, catalase, sucrase and urease higher than the CK. Soil microbial biomass N increased by 5.56%-67.13%, soil microbial biomass C increased by 4.01%-20.40%, and soil mi- crobial biomass P increased by 6.39%-67.02%. The activity of acid phosphatase was improved by 12.96%-35.19%, the activity of catalase was improved by 18.24% -78.93%, the activity of sucrase was improved by 3.00%-42.00%, and the activity of urease was improved by 1.21%-23.43%. However, the soil nutrients of different fertilization treatments increased non-significantly （P〉0.05）. Soil microbial biomass N, C and P and activities of acid phosphatase, catalase and urease were in significant （P〈0.05） or very significant correlation （P〈0.01） with contents of soil rapidly available P, rapidly available K and total N. [Conclusion] The evaluation of improvement of soil fertility in continuous-cropping sugarcane field using soil microbial biomass and enzyme activities as indexes is more comprehensive and sensitive.展开更多
Biochar has been considered an effective approach as soil amendment for decreasing incidences of disease and regulating microbial populations in continuous-cropping soil.Although researches have extensively focused on...Biochar has been considered an effective approach as soil amendment for decreasing incidences of disease and regulating microbial populations in continuous-cropping soil.Although researches have extensively focused on changes of soil microbes and unbalance of nutrition in continuous-cropping soil,the relationship between soil properties and pathogens by biochar application remains poorly understood.In this study,we applied ITS ribosomal RNA gene profiling to analyze tobacco root microbiota of biochar and non-biochar treatment in a 3-year continuous-cropping tobacco field,comparing firstly planting tobacco as control.We found that biochar application decreased the relative abundance of the soil fungal pathogens(Ceratobasidium and Monosporascus),which are the prime pathogens of tobacco root rot in continuous-cropping soil.Using RDA,co-occurrence and PLS-PM approaches,we provided evidence that there was a negative correlation between fungal genera(especially for Ceratobasidium and Monosporascus)and soil polyphenol oxidase(PPO)activity(R^(2)_(incidence rate)=−0.930,R^(2)_(disease index)=−0.905,both p<0.001).The PPO was up-regulated by different biochar treatment intensities.Together,we demonstrated that biochar in continuouscropping soil regulated the soil PPO activity to suppress pathogens,and further decrease incidence of root rot.Notably,biochar application forward continuous cropping was more effective for the continuous-cropping soil improvement than the other treatments.The data should help in appropriate timing of biochar application for alleviating continuous-cropping obstacle.展开更多
基金Supported by the grands from National Sugarcane Industry Technology System(CARS-20-3-5)Science and Technology Development Foundation of Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Science(GNK 2015JZ31 GNK 2013JZ13,200905Zji)~~
文摘[Objective] This study was conducted to expound the fertility improvement effect in continuous-cropping sugarcane field and provide reference for establishment of rational sugarcane fertilization system and improvement of soil quality in continuous-cropping sugarcane field. [Method] The soil in the experimental region is latosolic red soil which was planted with sugarcane for 11 years continuously, and 8 treatments including sole application of chemical fertilizers, sole application of organ- ic fertilizer, and combined application of organic fertilizer and chemical fertilizers were designed according to different fertilization measures. The effects of different fertilization treatments on soil microbial biomass, soil enzyme activities and related fertility factors were determined. [Result} Different fertilization treatments all showed soil microbial biomass N, C and P and activities of soil acid phosphatase, catalase, sucrase and urease higher than the CK. Soil microbial biomass N increased by 5.56%-67.13%, soil microbial biomass C increased by 4.01%-20.40%, and soil mi- crobial biomass P increased by 6.39%-67.02%. The activity of acid phosphatase was improved by 12.96%-35.19%, the activity of catalase was improved by 18.24% -78.93%, the activity of sucrase was improved by 3.00%-42.00%, and the activity of urease was improved by 1.21%-23.43%. However, the soil nutrients of different fertilization treatments increased non-significantly （P〉0.05）. Soil microbial biomass N, C and P and activities of acid phosphatase, catalase and urease were in significant （P〈0.05） or very significant correlation （P〈0.01） with contents of soil rapidly available P, rapidly available K and total N. [Conclusion] The evaluation of improvement of soil fertility in continuous-cropping sugarcane field using soil microbial biomass and enzyme activities as indexes is more comprehensive and sensitive.
基金Guiding Fund of the Central Government for Local Science and Technology Development,China(2023JH6/100100056)Earmarked Fund for Modern Agroindustry Technology Research System,China(No.CARS-01-51)+2 种基金S&D Program from Bijie Tobacco Company of Guizhou Province(2021520500240048,2018520500240066)Young Elite Scientists Sponsorship Program by CAST-YESS“Research on the Mechanism of Biochar Effect of Improving Soil Properties and Microecological in Tobacco Planting Soil”,National Natural Science Foundation of China(31901449)Science and Technology Program Project of Liaoning Province(2021-MS-232).
文摘Biochar has been considered an effective approach as soil amendment for decreasing incidences of disease and regulating microbial populations in continuous-cropping soil.Although researches have extensively focused on changes of soil microbes and unbalance of nutrition in continuous-cropping soil,the relationship between soil properties and pathogens by biochar application remains poorly understood.In this study,we applied ITS ribosomal RNA gene profiling to analyze tobacco root microbiota of biochar and non-biochar treatment in a 3-year continuous-cropping tobacco field,comparing firstly planting tobacco as control.We found that biochar application decreased the relative abundance of the soil fungal pathogens(Ceratobasidium and Monosporascus),which are the prime pathogens of tobacco root rot in continuous-cropping soil.Using RDA,co-occurrence and PLS-PM approaches,we provided evidence that there was a negative correlation between fungal genera(especially for Ceratobasidium and Monosporascus)and soil polyphenol oxidase(PPO)activity(R^(2)_(incidence rate)=−0.930,R^(2)_(disease index)=−0.905,both p<0.001).The PPO was up-regulated by different biochar treatment intensities.Together,we demonstrated that biochar in continuouscropping soil regulated the soil PPO activity to suppress pathogens,and further decrease incidence of root rot.Notably,biochar application forward continuous cropping was more effective for the continuous-cropping soil improvement than the other treatments.The data should help in appropriate timing of biochar application for alleviating continuous-cropping obstacle.
