Let I be a compact interval of real axis R, and （L, H） be the metric space of all nonempty closed subintervals of I with the Hausdorff metric H and f ： I →L be a continuous multi-valued map. Assume that Pn = （x0,...Let I be a compact interval of real axis R, and （L, H） be the metric space of all nonempty closed subintervals of I with the Hausdorff metric H and f ： I →L be a continuous multi-valued map. Assume that Pn = （x0, x1,..., xn） is a return trajectory of f and that p ∈ [min Pn, max Pn] with p ∈ f（p）. In this paper, we show that if there exist k （≥ 1） centripetal point pairs of f （relative to p） in {（xi;xi＋l） ： 0 ≤ i ≤ n- 1} and n =sk＋r （0 ≤ r ≤ k - 1）, then f has an R-periodic orbit, where R=s＋1 ifsiseven, and R =s if s is odd and r = 0, and R=s＋2 if s is odd and r 〉0. Besides, we also study stability of periodic orbits of continuous multi-valued maps from I to L.展开更多
In this paper, we introduce and study the notion of HB-closed sets in L-topological space. Then, HB-convergence theory for L-molecular nets and L-ideals is established in terms of HB-closedness. Finally, we give a new...In this paper, we introduce and study the notion of HB-closed sets in L-topological space. Then, HB-convergence theory for L-molecular nets and L-ideals is established in terms of HB-closedness. Finally, we give a new definition of fuzzy H-continuous [1] which is called HB-continuity on the basis of the notion of H-bounded L-subsets in L-topological space. Then we give characterizations and properties by making use of HB-converges theory of L-molecular nets and L-ideals.展开更多
This paper highlights the crucial role of Indonesia’s GNSS receiver network in advancing Equatorial Plasma Bubble(EPB)studies in Southeast and East Asia,as ionospheric irregularities within EPB can disrupt GNSS signa...This paper highlights the crucial role of Indonesia’s GNSS receiver network in advancing Equatorial Plasma Bubble(EPB)studies in Southeast and East Asia,as ionospheric irregularities within EPB can disrupt GNSS signals and degrade positioning accuracy.Managed by the Indonesian Geospatial Information Agency(BIG),the Indonesia Continuously Operating Reference Station(Ina-CORS)network comprises over 300 GNSS receivers spanning equatorial to southern low-latitude regions.Ina-CORS is uniquely situated to monitor EPB generation,zonal drift,and dissipation across Southeast Asia.We provide a practical tool for EPB research,by sharing two-dimensional rate of Total Electron Content(TEC)change index(ROTI)derived from this network.We generate ROTI maps with a 10-minute resolution,and samples from May 2024 are publicly available for further scientific research.Two preliminary findings from the ROTI maps of Ina-CORS are noteworthy.First,the Ina-CORS ROTI maps reveal that the irregularities within a broader EPB structure persist longer,increasing the potential for these irregularities to migrate farther eastward.Second,we demonstrate that combined ROTI maps from Ina-CORS and GNSS receivers in East Asia and Australia can be used to monitor the development of ionospheric irregularities in Southeast and East Asia.We have demonstrated the combined ROTI maps to capture the development of ionospheric irregularities in the Southeast/East Asian sector during the G5 Geomagnetic Storm on May 11,2024.We observed simultaneous ionospheric irregularities in Japan and Australia,respectively propagating northwestward and southwestward,before midnight,whereas Southeast Asia’s equatorial and low-latitude regions exhibited irregularities post-midnight.By sharing ROTI maps from Indonesia and integrating them with regional GNSS networks,researchers can conduct comprehensive EPB studies,enhancing the understanding of EPB behavior across Southeast and East Asia and contributing significantly to ionospheric research.展开更多
Fatigue failure is a common failure mode under the action of cyclic loads in engineering applications,which often occurs with no obvious signal.The maximum structural stress is far below the allowable stress when the ...Fatigue failure is a common failure mode under the action of cyclic loads in engineering applications,which often occurs with no obvious signal.The maximum structural stress is far below the allowable stress when the structures are damaged.Aiming at the lightweight structure,fatigue topology optimization design is investigated to avoid the occurrence of fatigue failure in the structural conceptual design beforehand.Firstly,the fatigue life is expressed by topology variables and the fatigue life filter function.The continuum fatigue optimization model is established with the independent continuous mapping(ICM)method.Secondly,fatigue life constraints are transformed to distortion energy constraints explicitly by taking advantage of the distortion energy theory.Thirdly,the optimization formulation is solved by the dual sequence quadratic programming(DSQP).And the design scheme of lightweight structure considering the fatigue characteristics is obtained.Finally,numerical examples illustrate the practicality and effectiveness of the fatigue optimization method.This method further expands the theoretical application of the ICM method and provides a novel approach for the fatigue optimization problem.展开更多
The purpose of this article is to discuss a modified Halpern-type iteration algorithm for a countable family of uniformly totally quasi- ? -asymptotically nonexpansive multi-valued mappings and establish some strong c...The purpose of this article is to discuss a modified Halpern-type iteration algorithm for a countable family of uniformly totally quasi- ? -asymptotically nonexpansive multi-valued mappings and establish some strong convergence theorems under certain conditions. We utilize the theorems to study a modified Halpern-type iterative algorithm for a system of equilibrium problems. The results improve and extend the corresponding results of Chang et al. (Applied Mathematics and Computation, 218, 6489-6497).展开更多
In this paper, relaxed iterative algorithms of Krasnoselskii-type and Halpern-type that approximate a solution of a system of a generalized mixed equilibrium problem anda common fixed point of a countable family of to...In this paper, relaxed iterative algorithms of Krasnoselskii-type and Halpern-type that approximate a solution of a system of a generalized mixed equilibrium problem anda common fixed point of a countable family of totally quasi-C-asymptotically nonexpansivemulti-valued maps are constructed. Strong convergence of the sequence generated by thesealgorithms is proved in uniformly smooth and strictly convex real Banach spaces with Kadec-Klee property. Furthermore, several applications of our theorems are also presented. Finally,our theorems are significant improvements on several important recent results for this classof nonlinear problems.展开更多
The concept of Fan-Browder mappings was first introduced in topological spaces without any convex structure. Then a new continuous selection theorem was obtained for the Fan-Browder mapping with range in a topological...The concept of Fan-Browder mappings was first introduced in topological spaces without any convex structure. Then a new continuous selection theorem was obtained for the Fan-Browder mapping with range in a topological space without any convex structure and noncompact domain. As applications, some fixed point theorems, coincidence theorems and a nonempty intersection theorem were given. Both the new concepts and results unify and extend many known results in recent literature.展开更多
The necessity of the use of the block and parallel modeling of the nonlinear continuous mappings with NN is firstly expounded quantitatively. Then, a practical approach for the block and parallel modeling of the nonli...The necessity of the use of the block and parallel modeling of the nonlinear continuous mappings with NN is firstly expounded quantitatively. Then, a practical approach for the block and parallel modeling of the nonlinear continuous mappings with NN is proposed. Finally, an example indicating that the method raised in this paper can be realized by suitable existed software is given. The results of the experiment of the model discussed on the 3-D Mexican straw hat indicate that the block and parallel modeling based on NN is more precise and faster in computation than the direct ones and it is obviously a concrete example and the development of the large-scale general model established by Tu Xuyan.展开更多
Some convergences of topology are discussed. The definitions of almost uniform convergence topology and compatible topology are given. It is shown that the quasiuniform convergence and generalized uniform convergence ...Some convergences of topology are discussed. The definitions of almost uniform convergence topology and compatible topology are given. It is shown that the quasiuniform convergence and generalized uniform convergence have no compatible topology,but the almost uniform convergence has compatible topology. Moreover, the description of all uniform convergence limits and their mutual relation are investigated[1].展开更多
We establish some results on coincidence and common fixed points for a twopair of multi-valued and single-valued maps in complete metric spaces. Presented theorems generalize recent results of Gordji et al [4] and sev...We establish some results on coincidence and common fixed points for a twopair of multi-valued and single-valued maps in complete metric spaces. Presented theorems generalize recent results of Gordji et al [4] and several results existing in the literature.展开更多
In this work we try to give a new contraction type in multi-valued mapping on complete metric spaces. We prove the existence of fixed point for (<i>r</i>,<i>φ</i>,<i>ψ</i>)-Suzuki...In this work we try to give a new contraction type in multi-valued mapping on complete metric spaces. We prove the existence of fixed point for (<i>r</i>,<i>φ</i>,<i>ψ</i>)-Suzuki contraction in such spaces. Around our paper, the function <i>ψ</i> is absolutely continuous, and in this case, the contraction proposed by as has a fixed point.展开更多
The neutrality’s origin,character,and extent are studied in the Neutrosophic set.The neutrosophic set is an essential issue to research since it opens the door to a wide range of scientific and technological applicat...The neutrality’s origin,character,and extent are studied in the Neutrosophic set.The neutrosophic set is an essential issue to research since it opens the door to a wide range of scientific and technological applications.The neutrosophic set can find its spot to research because the universe is filled with indeterminacy.Neutrosophic set is currently being developed to express uncertain,imprecise,partial,and inconsistent data.Truth membership function,indeterminacymembership function,and falsitymembership function are used to express a neutrosophic set in order to address uncertainty.The neutrosophic set producesmore rational conclusions in a variety of practical problems.The neutrosophic set displays inconsistencies in data and can solve real-world problems.We are directed to do our work in semi-continuous and almost continuous mapping on the basis of the neutrosophic set by observing these.Since we are going to study the properties of semi continuous and almost continuous mapping,we present the meaning of N-semi-open set,N-semi-closed set,N-regularly open set,N-regularly closed set,N-continuous mapping,N-open mapping,N-closed mapping,Nsemi-continuous mapping,N-semi-open mapping,N-semi-closed mapping.Additionally,we attempt to demonstrate a portion of their properties and furthermore referred to some examples.展开更多
Topological entropy can be an indicator of complicated behavior in dynamical systems. It is first introduce by Adler, Konheim and McAndrew by using open covers in 1965. After that it is still an active research by man...Topological entropy can be an indicator of complicated behavior in dynamical systems. It is first introduce by Adler, Konheim and McAndrew by using open covers in 1965. After that it is still an active research by many researchers to produce more properties and applications up to nowadays. The purpose of this paper is to review and explain most important concepts and results of topological entropies of continuous self-maps for dynamical systems on compact and non-compact topological and metric spaces. We give proofs for some of its elementary properties of the topological entropy. Slight modification on Adler＇s topological entropy is also presented.展开更多
The concept of finitely continuous topological space is introduced and the basic properties of the space are given. Several continuous selection theorems and fixed point theorems for Ф-maps are established, and as ap...The concept of finitely continuous topological space is introduced and the basic properties of the space are given. Several continuous selection theorems and fixed point theorems for Ф-maps are established, and as applications of the above fixed point theorems, some section problems are discussed. The results generalize and improve many corresponding conclusions.展开更多
A sufficient condition is given to assert that a continuous mapping between Rm and Rn has a zero. The constructive proof of the result is based upon continuation methods and supplies the existence of a path leading to...A sufficient condition is given to assert that a continuous mapping between Rm and Rn has a zero. The constructive proof of the result is based upon continuation methods and supplies the existence of a path leading to the zero point.展开更多
A finite element model for coupled thermo-meehanical analysis has been developed in hot continuous rolling process for Inconel 718 alloy round rod with diameter of 45 mm. The stability of this alloy is discussed by in...A finite element model for coupled thermo-meehanical analysis has been developed in hot continuous rolling process for Inconel 718 alloy round rod with diameter of 45 mm. The stability of this alloy is discussed by integration of FEM and processing map reported in literatures. The result shows that the stability of Inconel 718 alloy is analyzed effectively during that process and good stability appears as the initial temperature is 960 ℃ and the initial velocity is from 0. 15 to 0.45 m · s^-1 or the initial temperature is 980 ℃ and the initial velocity is from 0. 15 to 0. 25 m · s^-1.展开更多
Monitoring multiplexed biochemical markers is beneficial for the comprehensive evaluation of diabetes-associated complications.Techniques for multiplexed analyses in interstitial fluids have often been restricted by t...Monitoring multiplexed biochemical markers is beneficial for the comprehensive evaluation of diabetes-associated complications.Techniques for multiplexed analyses in interstitial fluids have often been restricted by the difficulties of electrode materials in accurately detecting chemicals in complex subcutaneous spaces.In particular,the signal stability of enzyme-based sensing electrodes often inevitably decreases due to enzyme degradation or interference in vivo.In this study,we developed a self-calibrating multiplexed microneedle(MN)electrode array(SC-MMNEA)capable of continuous,real-time monitoring of multiple types of bioanalytes(glucose,cholesterol,uric acid,lactate,reactive oxygen species[ROSs],Na+,K+,Ca2+,and pH)in the subcutaneous space.Each type of analyte was detected by a discrete MN electrode assembled in an integrated array with single-MN resolution.Moreover,this device utilized an MN-delivery-mediated self-calibration technique to address the inherent problem of decreased accuracy of implantable electrodes caused by long-term tissue variation and enzyme degradation,and this technique might increase the reliability of the MN sensors.Our results indicated that SC-MMNEA could provide real-time monitoring of multiplexed analyte concentrations in a rat model with good accuracy,especially after self-calibration.SC-MMNEA has the advantages of in situ and minimally invasive monitoring of physiological states and the potential to promote wearable devices for long-term monitoring of chemical species in vivo.展开更多
In this paper, we get a sufficient condition to estimate the essential type of a strongly continuous sendgroup in a Banach space, using oh condition we prove that the essential type of the strongly continuous semigro...In this paper, we get a sufficient condition to estimate the essential type of a strongly continuous sendgroup in a Banach space, using oh condition we prove that the essential type of the strongly continuous semigroup don't increase under the A-smoothing perturbation and establish the spectral mapping theorem for the asymptotic parts of the spectrum of generator and semgroup.展开更多
基金Supported by NNSF of China(Grant No.11761011)NSF of Guangxi(Grant Nos.2016GXNSFBA380235and 2016GXNSFAA380286)+1 种基金YMTBAPP of Guangxi Colleges(Grant No.2017KY0598)SF of Guangxi Univresity of Finance and Economics(Grant No.2017QNA04)
文摘Let I be a compact interval of real axis R, and （L, H） be the metric space of all nonempty closed subintervals of I with the Hausdorff metric H and f ： I →L be a continuous multi-valued map. Assume that Pn = （x0, x1,..., xn） is a return trajectory of f and that p ∈ [min Pn, max Pn] with p ∈ f（p）. In this paper, we show that if there exist k （≥ 1） centripetal point pairs of f （relative to p） in {（xi;xi＋l） ： 0 ≤ i ≤ n- 1} and n =sk＋r （0 ≤ r ≤ k - 1）, then f has an R-periodic orbit, where R=s＋1 ifsiseven, and R =s if s is odd and r = 0, and R=s＋2 if s is odd and r 〉0. Besides, we also study stability of periodic orbits of continuous multi-valued maps from I to L.
文摘In this paper, we introduce and study the notion of HB-closed sets in L-topological space. Then, HB-convergence theory for L-molecular nets and L-ideals is established in terms of HB-closedness. Finally, we give a new definition of fuzzy H-continuous [1] which is called HB-continuity on the basis of the notion of H-bounded L-subsets in L-topological space. Then we give characterizations and properties by making use of HB-converges theory of L-molecular nets and L-ideals.
基金JSPS KAKENHI Grant Number16H06286 supports global GNSS ionospheric maps (TEC,ROTI,and detrended TEC maps) developed by the Institute for SpaceEarth Environmental Research (ISEE) of Nagoya Universitysupport of the 2024 JASSO Follow-up Research Fellowship Program for a 90-day visiting research at the Institute for Space-Earth Environmental Research (ISEE),Nagoya University+3 种基金the support received from Telkom University under the“Skema Penelitian Terapan Periode I Tahun Anggaran 2024”the Memorandum of Understanding for Research Collaboration on Regional Ionospheric Observation (No:092/SAM3/TE-DEK/2021)the National Institute of Information and Communications Technology (NICT) International Exchange Program 2024-2025(No.2024-007)support for a one-year visiting research at Hokkaido University
文摘This paper highlights the crucial role of Indonesia’s GNSS receiver network in advancing Equatorial Plasma Bubble(EPB)studies in Southeast and East Asia,as ionospheric irregularities within EPB can disrupt GNSS signals and degrade positioning accuracy.Managed by the Indonesian Geospatial Information Agency(BIG),the Indonesia Continuously Operating Reference Station(Ina-CORS)network comprises over 300 GNSS receivers spanning equatorial to southern low-latitude regions.Ina-CORS is uniquely situated to monitor EPB generation,zonal drift,and dissipation across Southeast Asia.We provide a practical tool for EPB research,by sharing two-dimensional rate of Total Electron Content(TEC)change index(ROTI)derived from this network.We generate ROTI maps with a 10-minute resolution,and samples from May 2024 are publicly available for further scientific research.Two preliminary findings from the ROTI maps of Ina-CORS are noteworthy.First,the Ina-CORS ROTI maps reveal that the irregularities within a broader EPB structure persist longer,increasing the potential for these irregularities to migrate farther eastward.Second,we demonstrate that combined ROTI maps from Ina-CORS and GNSS receivers in East Asia and Australia can be used to monitor the development of ionospheric irregularities in Southeast and East Asia.We have demonstrated the combined ROTI maps to capture the development of ionospheric irregularities in the Southeast/East Asian sector during the G5 Geomagnetic Storm on May 11,2024.We observed simultaneous ionospheric irregularities in Japan and Australia,respectively propagating northwestward and southwestward,before midnight,whereas Southeast Asia’s equatorial and low-latitude regions exhibited irregularities post-midnight.By sharing ROTI maps from Indonesia and integrating them with regional GNSS networks,researchers can conduct comprehensive EPB studies,enhancing the understanding of EPB behavior across Southeast and East Asia and contributing significantly to ionospheric research.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(11872080)Beijing Natural Science Foundation(3192005).
文摘Fatigue failure is a common failure mode under the action of cyclic loads in engineering applications,which often occurs with no obvious signal.The maximum structural stress is far below the allowable stress when the structures are damaged.Aiming at the lightweight structure,fatigue topology optimization design is investigated to avoid the occurrence of fatigue failure in the structural conceptual design beforehand.Firstly,the fatigue life is expressed by topology variables and the fatigue life filter function.The continuum fatigue optimization model is established with the independent continuous mapping(ICM)method.Secondly,fatigue life constraints are transformed to distortion energy constraints explicitly by taking advantage of the distortion energy theory.Thirdly,the optimization formulation is solved by the dual sequence quadratic programming(DSQP).And the design scheme of lightweight structure considering the fatigue characteristics is obtained.Finally,numerical examples illustrate the practicality and effectiveness of the fatigue optimization method.This method further expands the theoretical application of the ICM method and provides a novel approach for the fatigue optimization problem.
文摘The purpose of this article is to discuss a modified Halpern-type iteration algorithm for a countable family of uniformly totally quasi- ? -asymptotically nonexpansive multi-valued mappings and establish some strong convergence theorems under certain conditions. We utilize the theorems to study a modified Halpern-type iterative algorithm for a system of equilibrium problems. The results improve and extend the corresponding results of Chang et al. (Applied Mathematics and Computation, 218, 6489-6497).
文摘In this paper, relaxed iterative algorithms of Krasnoselskii-type and Halpern-type that approximate a solution of a system of a generalized mixed equilibrium problem anda common fixed point of a countable family of totally quasi-C-asymptotically nonexpansivemulti-valued maps are constructed. Strong convergence of the sequence generated by thesealgorithms is proved in uniformly smooth and strictly convex real Banach spaces with Kadec-Klee property. Furthermore, several applications of our theorems are also presented. Finally,our theorems are significant improvements on several important recent results for this classof nonlinear problems.
基金Project supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Chongqing (CSTC)(No.2005BB2097)
文摘The concept of Fan-Browder mappings was first introduced in topological spaces without any convex structure. Then a new continuous selection theorem was obtained for the Fan-Browder mapping with range in a topological space without any convex structure and noncompact domain. As applications, some fixed point theorems, coincidence theorems and a nonempty intersection theorem were given. Both the new concepts and results unify and extend many known results in recent literature.
基金The project was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (60375014) and the Postdoctoral Sci-ence Foundation of China
文摘The necessity of the use of the block and parallel modeling of the nonlinear continuous mappings with NN is firstly expounded quantitatively. Then, a practical approach for the block and parallel modeling of the nonlinear continuous mappings with NN is proposed. Finally, an example indicating that the method raised in this paper can be realized by suitable existed software is given. The results of the experiment of the model discussed on the 3-D Mexican straw hat indicate that the block and parallel modeling based on NN is more precise and faster in computation than the direct ones and it is obviously a concrete example and the development of the large-scale general model established by Tu Xuyan.
文摘Some convergences of topology are discussed. The definitions of almost uniform convergence topology and compatible topology are given. It is shown that the quasiuniform convergence and generalized uniform convergence have no compatible topology,but the almost uniform convergence has compatible topology. Moreover, the description of all uniform convergence limits and their mutual relation are investigated[1].
基金supported by Grant No.174025 of the Ministry of Science,Technology and Development,Republic of Serbiasupported by Universita` degli Studi di Palermo,Local project R.S.ex 60%
文摘We establish some results on coincidence and common fixed points for a twopair of multi-valued and single-valued maps in complete metric spaces. Presented theorems generalize recent results of Gordji et al [4] and several results existing in the literature.
文摘In this work we try to give a new contraction type in multi-valued mapping on complete metric spaces. We prove the existence of fixed point for (<i>r</i>,<i>φ</i>,<i>ψ</i>)-Suzuki contraction in such spaces. Around our paper, the function <i>ψ</i> is absolutely continuous, and in this case, the contraction proposed by as has a fixed point.
文摘The neutrality’s origin,character,and extent are studied in the Neutrosophic set.The neutrosophic set is an essential issue to research since it opens the door to a wide range of scientific and technological applications.The neutrosophic set can find its spot to research because the universe is filled with indeterminacy.Neutrosophic set is currently being developed to express uncertain,imprecise,partial,and inconsistent data.Truth membership function,indeterminacymembership function,and falsitymembership function are used to express a neutrosophic set in order to address uncertainty.The neutrosophic set producesmore rational conclusions in a variety of practical problems.The neutrosophic set displays inconsistencies in data and can solve real-world problems.We are directed to do our work in semi-continuous and almost continuous mapping on the basis of the neutrosophic set by observing these.Since we are going to study the properties of semi continuous and almost continuous mapping,we present the meaning of N-semi-open set,N-semi-closed set,N-regularly open set,N-regularly closed set,N-continuous mapping,N-open mapping,N-closed mapping,Nsemi-continuous mapping,N-semi-open mapping,N-semi-closed mapping.Additionally,we attempt to demonstrate a portion of their properties and furthermore referred to some examples.
文摘Topological entropy can be an indicator of complicated behavior in dynamical systems. It is first introduce by Adler, Konheim and McAndrew by using open covers in 1965. After that it is still an active research by many researchers to produce more properties and applications up to nowadays. The purpose of this paper is to review and explain most important concepts and results of topological entropies of continuous self-maps for dynamical systems on compact and non-compact topological and metric spaces. We give proofs for some of its elementary properties of the topological entropy. Slight modification on Adler＇s topological entropy is also presented.
文摘The concept of finitely continuous topological space is introduced and the basic properties of the space are given. Several continuous selection theorems and fixed point theorems for Ф-maps are established, and as applications of the above fixed point theorems, some section problems are discussed. The results generalize and improve many corresponding conclusions.
基金This work is partially supported by D.G.E.S. PB 96-1338-CO2-01 and the Junta de Andalucla.
文摘A sufficient condition is given to assert that a continuous mapping between Rm and Rn has a zero. The constructive proof of the result is based upon continuation methods and supplies the existence of a path leading to the zero point.
基金Sponsored by National Natural Science Foundation of China(50634030)the Program of Education Ministry for New Century Excellent Talents in University(NECT-06-0285)
文摘A finite element model for coupled thermo-meehanical analysis has been developed in hot continuous rolling process for Inconel 718 alloy round rod with diameter of 45 mm. The stability of this alloy is discussed by integration of FEM and processing map reported in literatures. The result shows that the stability of Inconel 718 alloy is analyzed effectively during that process and good stability appears as the initial temperature is 960 ℃ and the initial velocity is from 0. 15 to 0.45 m · s^-1 or the initial temperature is 980 ℃ and the initial velocity is from 0. 15 to 0. 25 m · s^-1.
基金support from the National Natural Sci-ence Foundation of China(grant nos.T2225010,32171399,and 32171456)Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(grant no.2023A1515011267)+1 种基金Science and Technalogy Program of Guangzhou,China(grant nos.2024B03J0121 and 2024B03J1284)the Independent Fund of the State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Ma-terials and Technologies(Sun YatSen University)under grant no.
文摘Monitoring multiplexed biochemical markers is beneficial for the comprehensive evaluation of diabetes-associated complications.Techniques for multiplexed analyses in interstitial fluids have often been restricted by the difficulties of electrode materials in accurately detecting chemicals in complex subcutaneous spaces.In particular,the signal stability of enzyme-based sensing electrodes often inevitably decreases due to enzyme degradation or interference in vivo.In this study,we developed a self-calibrating multiplexed microneedle(MN)electrode array(SC-MMNEA)capable of continuous,real-time monitoring of multiple types of bioanalytes(glucose,cholesterol,uric acid,lactate,reactive oxygen species[ROSs],Na+,K+,Ca2+,and pH)in the subcutaneous space.Each type of analyte was detected by a discrete MN electrode assembled in an integrated array with single-MN resolution.Moreover,this device utilized an MN-delivery-mediated self-calibration technique to address the inherent problem of decreased accuracy of implantable electrodes caused by long-term tissue variation and enzyme degradation,and this technique might increase the reliability of the MN sensors.Our results indicated that SC-MMNEA could provide real-time monitoring of multiplexed analyte concentrations in a rat model with good accuracy,especially after self-calibration.SC-MMNEA has the advantages of in situ and minimally invasive monitoring of physiological states and the potential to promote wearable devices for long-term monitoring of chemical species in vivo.
文摘In this paper, we get a sufficient condition to estimate the essential type of a strongly continuous sendgroup in a Banach space, using oh condition we prove that the essential type of the strongly continuous semigroup don't increase under the A-smoothing perturbation and establish the spectral mapping theorem for the asymptotic parts of the spectrum of generator and semgroup.
