This study presents an innovative approach to enhancing the security of visual medical data in the generative AI environment through the integration of blockchain technology.By combining the strengths of blockchain an...This study presents an innovative approach to enhancing the security of visual medical data in the generative AI environment through the integration of blockchain technology.By combining the strengths of blockchain and generative AI,the research team aimed to address the timely challenge of safeguarding visual medical content.The participating researchers conducted a comprehensive analysis,examining the vulnerabilities of medical AI services,personal information protection issues,and overall security weaknesses.This multi faceted exploration led to an indepth evaluation of the model’s performance and security.Notably,the correlation between accuracy,detection rate,and error rate was scrutinized.This analysis revealed insights into the model’s strengths and limitations,while the consideration of standard deviation shed light on the model’s stability and performance variability.The study proposed practical improvements,emphasizing the reduction of false negatives to enhance detection rate and leveraging blockchain technology to ensure visual data integrity in medical applications.Applying blockchain to generative AI-created medical content addresses key personal information protection issues.By utilizing the distributed ledger system of blockchain,the research team aimed to protect the privacy and integrity of medical data especially medical images.This approach not only enhances security but also enables transparent and tamperproof record-keeping.Additionally,the use of generative AI models ensures the creation of novel medical content without compromising personal information,further safeguarding patient privacy.In conclusion,this study showcases the potential of blockchain-based solutions in the medical field,particularly in securing sensitive medical data and protecting patient privacy.The proposed approach,combining blockchain and generative AI,offers a promising direction toward more robust and secure medical content management.Further research and advancements in this area will undoubtedly contribute to the development of robust and privacy-preserving healthcare systems,and visual diagnostic systems.展开更多
In this study,compacted loess samples with varying compaction water content but identical dry density were prepared to investigate the evolution of their hydraulic conductivity and compression behavior.Additionally,en...In this study,compacted loess samples with varying compaction water content but identical dry density were prepared to investigate the evolution of their hydraulic conductivity and compression behavior.Additionally,environmental scanning electron microscopy(ESEM)and nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR)analyses were conducted to gain microstructural insights into loess behavior at the laboratory scale.The results indicate that the maximum saturated hydraulic conductivity is observed at the lowest compaction water content,particularly in the early stage of permeability tests.In particular,for loess compacted at water contents below the optimum(as determined by the modified Proctor compaction test),the hydraulic conductivity decreases throughout the permeability tests.Conversely,when the water content exceeds the optimum level,the hydraulic conductivity shows an increasing trend.In terms of compression behavior,when the as-compacted samples are loaded in oedometer conditions,an increase in material compressibility is observed with increasing compaction water content.Again,a different phenomenological behavior was observed when the compaction water content exceeded the optimum,i.e.an abrupt increase in loess compressibility.ESEM tests provide microstructural confirmation of this evidence,as the surface morphology of the compacted loess changes significantly with increasing compaction water content.The microstructural evolution was also quantified in terms of area ratio using image processing software.Finally,NMR was used to quantify the intra-and inter-aggregate water at different compaction water contents,once again highlighting a threshold for the presence or absence of inter-aggregate water similar to the optimum water content.展开更多
Water is a critical factor affecting the mechanical properties of rocks, leading to their degradation. Understanding the creep mechanical behavior of deep roadway surrounding rock under the influence of underground wa...Water is a critical factor affecting the mechanical properties of rocks, leading to their degradation. Understanding the creep mechanical behavior of deep roadway surrounding rock under the influence of underground water is of great significance. Compression and creep experiments on sandstone with varying water contents were conducted using a deep soft rock five-linked rheological experiment system. The experimental conditions, including water content (0%, 0.8%, 1.6%, 2.4% and 3.3%) and confining pressure (0, 6, 9 and 12 MPa), were determined based on pressure-free water absorption tests and in-situ stress measurements. The experimental results show that the compressive strength, creep failure stress, and dilatancy stress of sandstone decrease exponentially with increasing water content, while they increase exponentially with confining pressure. The ratio of lateral to axial instantaneous strain increases nearly linearly with the increase of stress, and the lateral creep strain characteristics of the sample are more significant than the axial ones. The duration of the attenuation creep stage of sandstone decreases with increasing water content and increases with increasing confining pressure. The lateral strain enters the steady-state creep stage before the axial strain, and the onset time of the accelerated creep stage of lateral strain under the failure stress is earlier than that of axial strain. The long-term strength of sandstone was determined based on the lateral steady-state creep rate curve, showing a negative exponential relationship with water content and a positive exponential relationship with confining pressure. A method for determining the long-term strength of rocks based on the ratio of lateral strain to axial strain (μc) is proposed, which is independent of water content. The research results provide a reliable theoretical basis for the analysis of the long-term stability of roadways under the influence of groundwater and the early prediction of creep failure.展开更多
The nine typical Shanghai soils are usually silty clay or clay,which appears inconsistent with their low clay content in the relevant publications.The literature review shows that the documented clay content of Shangh...The nine typical Shanghai soils are usually silty clay or clay,which appears inconsistent with their low clay content in the relevant publications.The literature review shows that the documented clay content of Shanghai soils ranges from 0%to 30.8%by weight.This inconsistency may stem from two factors:(1)the Shanghai soil classification system relies solely on the plasticity index for soil naming;and(2)the conventional steel sieving method cannot separate the clay from the fine soils(clay and silt mixtures).This paper aims to accurately determine the clay content in Shanghai soils.It uses nylon cloth sieves with apertures ranging from 0.063 mm to 0.0008 mm and completely separates the clay particles from the fine soils.The nine typical Shanghai soils are tested and sieved into distinct subgroups of clay,silt,sand,and gravel particles.Results demonstrate clay content ranges from 18.99%to 79.33%,substantially higher than literature values and consistent with their names of either silty clay or clay.Macro,micro,and scanning electron microscope(SEM)images reveal effective separation of clay,silt,sand,and gravel particles.The clay exhibits cohesive properties,while the silt,sand,and gravel comprise clean,non-cohesive individual particles.The clay and silt fractions are confirmed to be within their respective sieving limits by SEM-based particle size measurements.Additionally,Atterberg limits testing highlights the high plasticity of the clay particles and the non-plastic nature of the silt particles.展开更多
Landslides frequently occurred in Jurassic red strata in the Three Gorges Reservoir(TGR)region in China.The Jurassic strata consist of low mechanical strength and poor permeability of weak silty mudstone layer,which m...Landslides frequently occurred in Jurassic red strata in the Three Gorges Reservoir(TGR)region in China.The Jurassic strata consist of low mechanical strength and poor permeability of weak silty mudstone layer,which may cause slope instability during rainfall.In order to understand the strength behavior of Jurassic silty mudstone shear zone,the so-called Shizibao landslide located in Guojiaba Town,Zigui County,Three Gorges Reservoir(TGR)in China is selected as a case study.The shear strength of the silty mudstone shear zone is strongly influenced by both the water content and the normal stress.Therefore,a series of drained ring shear tests were carried out by varying the water contents(7%,12%,17%,and 20%,respectively)and normal stresses(200,300,400,and 500 kPa,respectively).The result revealed that the residual friction coefficient and residual friction angle were power function relationships with water content and normal stress.The peak cohesion of the silty mudstone slip zone increased with water content to a certain limit,above which the cohesion decreased.In contrast,the residual cohesion showed the opposite trend,indicating the cohesion recovery above a certain limit of water content.However,both the peak and residual friction angle of the silty mudstone slip zone were observed to decrease steadily with increased water content.Furthermore,the macroscopic morphological features of the shear surface showed that the sliding failure was developed under high normal stress at low water content,while discontinuous sliding surface and soil extrusion were occurred when the water content increased to a saturated degree.The localized liquefaction developed by excess pore water pressure reduced the frictional force within the shear zone.Finally,the combined effects of the slope excavation and precipitation ultimately lead to the failure of the silty mudstone slope;however,continuous rainfall is the main factor triggering sliding.展开更多
The Fe_(1−x)Ni_(x)VO_(4)(x=0,0.05,0.10,and 0.20)nanoparticles in this work were successfully synthesized via a co-precipitation method.The structural,magnetic and electrochemical properties of the prepared Fe_(1−x)Ni_...The Fe_(1−x)Ni_(x)VO_(4)(x=0,0.05,0.10,and 0.20)nanoparticles in this work were successfully synthesized via a co-precipitation method.The structural,magnetic and electrochemical properties of the prepared Fe_(1−x)Ni_(x)VO_(4) nanoparticles were studied as a function of Ni content.The experimental results show that the prepared Ni-doped FeVO_(4) samples have a triclinic structure.Scanning electron microscopy(SEM)images reveal a decrease in average nanoparticle size with increasing Ni content,leading to an enhancement in both specific surface area and magnetization values.X-ray absorption near edge structure(XANES)analysis confirms the substitution of Ni^(2+)ions into Fe^(3+)sites.The magnetic investigation reveals that Ni-doped FeVO_(4) exhibits weak ferromagnetic behavior at room temperature,in contrast to the antiferromagnetic behavior observed in the undoped FeVO_(4).Electrochemical studies demonstrate that the Fe_(0.95)Ni_(0.05)VO_(4) electrode achieves the highest specific capacitance of 334.05 F·g^(−1) at a current density of 1 A·g^(−1),which is attributed to its smallest average pore diameter.In addition,the enhanced specific surface of the Fe_(0.8)Ni_(0.2)VO_(4) electrode is responsible for its outstanding cyclic stability.Overall,our results suggest that the magnetic and electrochemical properties of FeVO_(4) nanoparticles could be effectively tuned by varying Ni doping contents.展开更多
In order to study the effects of biochar-based organic fertilizer on the accumulation of the total flavonoid contents in dandelion after sowing,the experiment applied four levels of treatments of carbon-based organic ...In order to study the effects of biochar-based organic fertilizer on the accumulation of the total flavonoid contents in dandelion after sowing,the experiment applied four levels of treatments of carbon-based organic fertilizer(0.15,0.30,0.45,and 0.60 kg•m^(-2)),and the base fertilizer that only applied conventional chemical fertilizer was used as the control.The total flavonoid contents and physiological indices of dandelion in different growth periods were determined.The results showed that the accumulation of the total flavonoid contents in leaves and roots of dandelion improved significantly by applying biochar-based organic fertilizer(0.15,0.30,0.45,and 0.60 kg•m^(-2)),with the highest total flavonoid occurred in the 0.45 kg•m^(-2) biochar-based organic fertilizer treatment.Along with dandelion growing,the total flavonoid contents in leaves were first elevated,and then decreased,with the maximum reached at 95 days after sowing(anthesis).While the total flavonoid contents in roots were elevated constantly.The total flavonoid contents accumulation in dandelion were positively correlated with net photosynthetic rate,stomatal conductance,transpiration rate,soluble sugar content,soluble protein,nitrate nitrogen,and available potassium,while negatively correlated with intercellular CO_(2) concentration.展开更多
The Analects(Lunyu論語)is a fundamental text for understanding the teachings of Confucius and offers an extensive account of the importance and methodology of learning(xue學)in the quest to become a junzi(君子),or exe...The Analects(Lunyu論語)is a fundamental text for understanding the teachings of Confucius and offers an extensive account of the importance and methodology of learning(xue學)in the quest to become a junzi(君子),or exemplary person.This paper explores the contents and attitudes of learning as presented in The Analects,focusing on how Confucius’disciples and subsequent generations compiled and understood his teachings.Confucius emphasized that the ultimate goal of learning is to become a junzi.The term junzi originally referred to nobles or aristocrats but was redefined by Confucius to describe anyone who cultivates themselves to achieve moral excellence and serve society effectively.In The Analects,the concept of junzi is constructed through various entries that illustrate what a junzi should and should not do,highlighting attributes such as being highly principled,disciplined,ethical,and capable.Confucius outlined specific content areas for learning that were essential for personal and social development.These included learning cultural knowledge(學文),the Book of Changes(學易),the Book of Odes(學詩),the Book of Propriety(學禮),and the Way(學道).He believed that proper behavior,such as filial piety,respect for elders,trustworthiness,and benevolence,was a prerequisite for effective learning.Through the study of these classical texts,learners could cultivate their emotions,improve their observational abilities,and enhance their social skills.In addition to content,Confucius stressed the importance of having the right attitude towards learning.He valued the enjoyment of learning(好學)and praised those who pursued knowledge with diligence and an open mind.This attitude was exemplified by his favorite disciple,Yan Hui,who was noted for his ability to learn without repeating mistakes or transferring anger to others.Confucius himself also modeled this attitude,demonstrating a lifelong commitment to learning and self-improvement.In conclusion,The Analects presents learning as a holistic process that encompasses not only the acquisition of knowledge but also the development of moral and social virtues.Confucius’teachings emphasize that through persistent and disciplined learning,individuals can achieve personal growth and contribute positively to society,embodying the qualities of a true junzi.展开更多
Uniaxial compression tests and cyclic loading acoustic emission tests were conducted on 20%,40%,60%,80%,dry and saturated muddy sandstone by using a creep impact loading system to investigate the mechanical properties...Uniaxial compression tests and cyclic loading acoustic emission tests were conducted on 20%,40%,60%,80%,dry and saturated muddy sandstone by using a creep impact loading system to investigate the mechanical properties and acoustic emission characteristics of soft rocks with different water contents under dynamic disturbance.The mechanical properties and acoustic emission characteristics of muddy sandstones at different water contents were analysed.Results of experimental studies show that water is a key factor in the mechanical properties of rocks,softening them,increasing their porosity,reducing their brittleness and increasing their plasticity.Under uniaxial compression,the macroscopic damage characteristics of the muddy sandstone change from mono-bevel shear damage and‘X’type conjugate bevel shear damage to a roadway bottom-drum type damage as the water content increases.Dynamic perturbation has a strengthening effect on the mechanical properties of samples with 60%and less water content,and a weakening effect on samples with 80%and more water content,but the weakening effect is not obvious.Macroscopic damage characteristics of dry samples remain unchanged,water samples from shear damage and tensile–shear composite damage gradually transformed into cleavage damage,until saturation transformation monoclinic shear damage.The evolution of acoustic emission energy and event number is mainly divided into four stages:loading stage(Ⅰ),dynamic loading stage(Ⅱ),yield failure stage(Ⅲ),and post-peak stage(Ⅳ),the acoustic emission characteristics of the stages were different for different water contents.The characteristic value of acoustic emission key point frequency gradually decreases,and the damage degree of the specimen increases,corresponding to low water content—high main frequency—low damage and high water content—low main frequency—high damage.展开更多
The effects of cryogenic treatment(CT)and tempering-cryogenic treatment(TCT)on the microstructure and properties of coarse-grained WC-10Co cemented carbides with different carbon contents were researched.The binder ph...The effects of cryogenic treatment(CT)and tempering-cryogenic treatment(TCT)on the microstructure and properties of coarse-grained WC-10Co cemented carbides with different carbon contents were researched.The binder phase,WC mean grain sizes,W solubility in the binder,relative magnetic s aturation,densities,hardness,wear resistance and second phase precipitation of cemented carbides with different heat treatments were discussed.The results show that there are significant changes of microstructure and properties in the samples with CT and TCT,especially due to the precipitation of metastable nanoparticles W_(x)Co_(y)C_(z) in the binder during the heat treatments of CT and TCT.With the simultaneous combination of microstructure and nanoparticle-reinforced binder,a dramatically improved combination of hardness and wear resistance of the samples after TCT has been achieved.展开更多
In this work,several ceria-zirconia based catalysts with very lo w(and equimolar) metal contents were prepared,characterised and tested for the CO oxidatio n reaction(under lean and stoichiometric conditions),trying t...In this work,several ceria-zirconia based catalysts with very lo w(and equimolar) metal contents were prepared,characterised and tested for the CO oxidatio n reaction(under lean and stoichiometric conditions),trying to emulate those conditions found in a diesel oxidation catalyst(DOC) system from a diesel engine and those encountered under gasoline exhaust(λ=1).The metals chosen are Cu,Co,Ag and Pt(as a reliable benchmark).The results reveal enormous differences among reducibility and catalytic activity despite quite similar structural and textural properties of the catalysts,showing differences among dispersion(Ag-catalyst seems to present a low level of dispersion).This catalyst seems to be characterised,as well,by a strong electronic interaction between Ce and Ag centres which is suggested to yield an improved reducibility under H_(2)-TPR conditions.Nevertheless,the order in catalytic activity(Cu>Ag>Co≈Pt>>support) seems not to follow the order found in reducibility and the Cu-catalyst seems to be the most active independently on the reaction conditions,yielding nearly overlapped CO oxidation catalytic curves.Inte restingly,a stro ng correlation between the catalytic activity under the two conditions tested and the OSC values of the Ce_(0.8)Zr_(0.2)O_(2)-supported metal catalysts is found.Therefore,OSC parameter measured at 150℃ can be used as a relevant descriptor to evaluate the CO oxidation activity at low and medium conversions for the investigated catalysts,much better than the H_(2)-TPR measurements.展开更多
Typical Q235 low-carbon steel samples with different hydrogen contents(0.0004,0.0008,and 0.0013 wt.%)were prepared by adjusting the environment humidity and moisture.The effects of hydrogen on interfacial heat transfe...Typical Q235 low-carbon steel samples with different hydrogen contents(0.0004,0.0008,and 0.0013 wt.%)were prepared by adjusting the environment humidity and moisture.The effects of hydrogen on interfacial heat transfer,contact behavior,and microstructure evolution were investigated using a novel droplet solidification technique.The results revealed that when the hydrogen content increases from 0.0004 to 0.0013 wt.%,the maximum heat flux between the molten steel and cooling substrate decreases from 8.01 to 6.19 MW/m^(2),and the total heat removed in the initial 2 s reduces from 10.30 to 8.27 MJ/m^(2).Moreover,the final contact angle between the molten steel and substrate increases from 103.741°to 113.697°,and the number of pores on the droplet bottom surface increases significantly from 21 to 210 with the increase in hydrogen.The surface roughness of the droplet bottom surface increases from 20.902 to 49.181 pm.In addition,the average grain size of the droplet increases from 14.778 to 33.548 pm with the increase in the hydrogen content.The interfacial contact condition becomes worse due to the escape of hydrogen from the steel matrix during the cooling process,which leads to the reduction in the interfacial heat transfer and the increase in the grain size.展开更多
[Objectives]This study was conducted to optimize the extraction process of total flavonoids from Penthorum chinense Pursh and compare their contents from different parts.[Methods]Single factor and orthogonal experimen...[Objectives]This study was conducted to optimize the extraction process of total flavonoids from Penthorum chinense Pursh and compare their contents from different parts.[Methods]Single factor and orthogonal experiments were designed to optimize the extraction process of total flavonoids from P.chinense Pursh with the volume fraction of ethanol,the ratio of material to liquid,heating reflux extraction time and extraction times as factors,and the content of total flavonoids as the index.A verification test was carried out.The optimized extraction process was adopted to compare the contents of total flavonoids from different parts of P.chinense Pursh.[Results]The best extraction process was extracting the powder of P.chinense Pursh for 2.0 h with 20 times of 55%ethanol by reflux twice.Under this condition,the contents of total flavonoids were 3.63%,8.90%,11.28%,and 4.36%from stems,leaves,flowers and whole grass of P.chinense Pursh,respectively.[Conclusions]The process is reasonable,feasible and stable,and can effectively extract total flavonoids from P.chinense Pursh.The contents of total flavonoids from different parts of P.chinense Pursh were quite different,and the value was higher in the leaves and flowers,so the proportions of leaves and flowers should be paid attention to in the industrial processing of P.chinense Pursh.展开更多
本文从专家推荐网站入手对学科网站进行研究,以气象学为例,通过检索ISI Current Contents Connect数据库,对学科网站的地理分布、语种分布、信息来源、出版者及关键词进行统计分析,总结出学科网站的一些特点。最后对目前学科网络信息资...本文从专家推荐网站入手对学科网站进行研究,以气象学为例,通过检索ISI Current Contents Connect数据库,对学科网站的地理分布、语种分布、信息来源、出版者及关键词进行统计分析,总结出学科网站的一些特点。最后对目前学科网络信息资源研究提出了自己的看法。展开更多
In seasonal frozen soil,freezing and thawing can change the physical and mechanical properties and affect slope stability.There are complex moisture conditions in the main water transfer canal.A study of the hydrother...In seasonal frozen soil,freezing and thawing can change the physical and mechanical properties and affect slope stability.There are complex moisture conditions in the main water transfer canal.A study of the hydrothermal evolution of canals with different initial water contents under the action of freezing and thawing is of great importance for the prevention and control of canal slope slides.Hydrothermal coupling models are the key to revealing the canal's hydrothermal evolution.As some of the modeling parameters in the current hydrothermal coupling model are based on empirical values,particularly those in the van Genuchten equation,which are not necessarily related to soil properties,they are not suitable for analyzing the hydrothermal evolution of canals.This paper determines the soil-water characteristic curve from the cumulative curve of particle gradation in the subsoil,and then determines the hydraulic parameters of the subsoil using the VG model,which then corrects the hydrothermal coupling model.The method of modifying the hydrothermal coupling model is original,which makes the model more realistically reflect drainage soil characteristics.During freezing and thawing of channel slopes with different initial water contents(21%,25%,29%,33%,37%,and 41%),temperature field,water field,and ice content distributions were investigated.Using the V-G model,the optimal parameters for canal subsoil were a=0.06,n=1.2,and m=0.17,and temperature distribution trends between canals with different water contents were basically similar.Water will accumulate at the bottom as the liquid water content increases at the canal boundary.展开更多
[Objective] The aim of this study was to investigate the content changes and their correlations of the photosynthetic pigment,phenols,including total phenols,total flavonoids and anthocyanins,and total saponins of the...[Objective] The aim of this study was to investigate the content changes and their correlations of the photosynthetic pigment,phenols,including total phenols,total flavonoids and anthocyanins,and total saponins of the one-year-old P.notoginseng plants under supplemental UV-B stress in fields.[Method] The one-year-old plants were irradiated by UV-B in field for 1 min per day,and the plants under the UV-B lamp were regarded as a circle center,achieving an annular leaf-sampling.The photosynthetic pigment,phenols and total saponins of the leaves were determined spectrophotometrically.[Result] With the increase of sampling radius,the supplemental UV-B intensity decreased significantly,the contents of chlorophyll （Chl） a,Chl b,Chl （a＋b）,carotenoid （Car） and total photosynthetic pigment （Chl＋Car） of the leaves increased extremely significantly,the Chl a/b and total phenol content （TPC） decreased extremely significantly,but the Chl （a＋b）/Car changes were not significant.The contents of total flavonoids,anthocyanins and saponins all increased due to the increasing of UV-B,displaying dose effects.The UV-B intensity was positively correlated with the Chl a/b,and negatively with the Chl a,Chl b,Chl （a＋ b）,Car and （Chl＋Car） contents; and the two of TPC,total flavonoid content （TFC）,total anthocyanin content （TAC） and total saponin content （TSC） were positively correlated,all reaching extremely significant level.The UV-B intensity was positively and significantly correlated with the total flavonoid content （TFC）,negatively and significantly with the Chl （a＋b）/Car,and positively and insignificantly with the TPC,TAC and TSC.[Conclusion] For one-year-old plants of P.notoginseng,UV-B can decrease the contents of the Chl a,Chl b,Chl （a＋b）,Car and （Chl＋Car） and increase the Chl a/b and TPC,and,furthermore,induce the increases of the TFC,TAC and TSC in a dose-dependent manner.However,UV-B can hardly change the Chl （a＋b）/Car.The supplemental UV-B of well-suited dose might be one of the effective measures to improve the TSC of P.notoginseng.展开更多
[Objective] This study aimed to clarify the effects of Pb2＋ and Cr3＋ stress on the contents of chlorophyl in Bryum argenteum and Barbula indica. [Method] B. ar-genteum and B. indica were cultured in different concen...[Objective] This study aimed to clarify the effects of Pb2＋ and Cr3＋ stress on the contents of chlorophyl in Bryum argenteum and Barbula indica. [Method] B. ar-genteum and B. indica were cultured in different concentrations of lead nitrate solu-tion or chromium chloride solution, to investigate the changes in contents of photo-synthetic pigments under lead and chromium single stress. [Result] The results showed that the effects of 1, 10 and 200 mg/L Pb2＋ on B. indica were greater than those on B. argenteum; the effects of 1, 50, 100 and 200 mg/L Cr3＋ on B. argen-teum were greater than those on B. indica. Total chlorophyl content in B. argen-teum and B. indica under different concentrations of Pb2＋ and Cr3＋ was decreased compared with that in control. The tolerance of B. indica to Pb2＋ pol ution was lower than that of B. argenteum, while the tolerance of B. indica to Cr3＋ pol ution was greater than that of B. argenteum. [Conclusion] Based on the conventional require-ments for monitoring materials, B. indica can be used as an indicator species to monitor heavy metal pol ution in the atmosphere of Zhengzhou.展开更多
r-learning,which is based on e-learning and u-learning,is defined as a learning support system that intelligent robots serve verbal and nonverbal interactions on ubiquitous computing environment.In order to guarantee ...r-learning,which is based on e-learning and u-learning,is defined as a learning support system that intelligent robots serve verbal and nonverbal interactions on ubiquitous computing environment.In order to guarantee the advantages of r-learning contents with no limits of timc and place and with nonverbal interaction which are not in e-learning contents,in recent years,assessment criteria for r-learning contents are urgently rcquired.Therefore,the reliable and valid assessment criteria were developed for nonverbal interaction contents in r-learning,and its detailed research content is as follows.First,assessment criteria for nonverbal interaction in r-learning contents will be specified into gesture,facial expression,semi-verbal message,distance,physical contact and time.Second,the validity of the developed assessment criteria will be proved by statistics.Consequently,the assessment criteria for nonverbal interaction contents will be helpful when choosing the better r-learning content and producing the better r-learning content,and the reliability of school education is improved ultimately.展开更多
[Objective] The research aimed to study change law of phosphorus content of soil in karst rocky desertification region(KRD) during eco-restoration process such as Northwest Guangxi Province.[Method] The soil samples w...[Objective] The research aimed to study change law of phosphorus content of soil in karst rocky desertification region(KRD) during eco-restoration process such as Northwest Guangxi Province.[Method] The soil samples were collected from typical KRD in Pingguo County and Yizhou City.The determining quotas of different soil samples such as soil total phosphorus content and available phosphorus content were detected,in addition the soil total phosphorus content,available phosphorus content, urease activity, catalase activity and organic matter content in different soil samples were analyzed comparatively.[Result] Aspect,vegetation type and recovery time generated obviously influences on phosphorus contents in different soil samples.The concrete influence order was listed as follow: phosphorus content in soil of south slope was higher than that in soil of north slope;phosphorus content in soil where Zenia insignis Chun was planted was higher than that in soil of closed forest and that of soil where Dendrocalamus minor Var. amoen was planted,additionally,phosphorus increased with recovery time. Urease activity could be used as a monitoring index of soil fertility because it is related to the change of phosphorus content.[Conclusion] The soil of karst rocky desertification region in Northwest Guangxi Province could be recovered gradually if excessive human disturbance was stopped.If proper natural method of recovery promoted by human was taken,the recovery would reach a better result.展开更多
[Objective] The aim of this study was to compare the drought resistance difference of the main Capsicum annuum cultivars planted in Wenshan Prefecture of Yunnan Province. [Method] The total anthocyanin, soluble sugar,...[Objective] The aim of this study was to compare the drought resistance difference of the main Capsicum annuum cultivars planted in Wenshan Prefecture of Yunnan Province. [Method] The total anthocyanin, soluble sugar, soluble protein and free proline contents of the leaves of the five main C. annuum cultivars planted in Wenshan Prefecture, i.e., ZSZ75-1, ZSZ49-1-1, 12WS-18-1, 12ZH01 and ZS130, under the drought stress simulated by PEG-6000 were studied by using spectrophotometry, and the total osmoregulation abilities of the leaves were evaluated by using subordinate function. [Result] Under the drought stress simulated by PEG-6000, the total anthocyanin contents of the veins, mesophylls and whole leaves of the five cultivars were all as： ZSZ75-1〉ZSZ49-1-1〉12WS-18-1〉12ZH01〉ZS130, the soluble sugar contents as： 12ZH01 〉12WS-18-1 〉ZS130〉ZSZ49-1-1 〉ZSZ75-1, the soluble protein contents as： ZSZ75-1〉12ZH01〉ZSZ49-1-1〉12WS-18-1〉ZS130, and the free proline contents as： ZS130〉ZSZ75-1 〉12WS-18-1 〉ZSZ49-1-1 〉12ZH01. Furthermore, the differences among the total anthocyanin contents of the veins, mesophylls and whole leaves of the five cultivars all reached the extremely significant levels, whereas the differences among the contents of the soluble sugar, soluble protein and free proline did not reach the significant levels, the correlation degrees among the contents of the total anthocyanin, soluble sugar, soluble protein and free proline of different cultivars were also inconsistent, and the total osmoregulation abilities of the five cultivar leaves were as： ZSZ75-1 〉7SZ49-1-1 〉12WS-18-1 〉ZS130〉12ZH01. [Conclusion] The anthocyanin accumulation in the specific organs of the five C. annuum cultivars in Wenshan Prefecture is beneficial to the strengthening of the leaf osmoregulation abilities under drought stress, favoring the drought tolerance of the cultivars.展开更多
文摘This study presents an innovative approach to enhancing the security of visual medical data in the generative AI environment through the integration of blockchain technology.By combining the strengths of blockchain and generative AI,the research team aimed to address the timely challenge of safeguarding visual medical content.The participating researchers conducted a comprehensive analysis,examining the vulnerabilities of medical AI services,personal information protection issues,and overall security weaknesses.This multi faceted exploration led to an indepth evaluation of the model’s performance and security.Notably,the correlation between accuracy,detection rate,and error rate was scrutinized.This analysis revealed insights into the model’s strengths and limitations,while the consideration of standard deviation shed light on the model’s stability and performance variability.The study proposed practical improvements,emphasizing the reduction of false negatives to enhance detection rate and leveraging blockchain technology to ensure visual data integrity in medical applications.Applying blockchain to generative AI-created medical content addresses key personal information protection issues.By utilizing the distributed ledger system of blockchain,the research team aimed to protect the privacy and integrity of medical data especially medical images.This approach not only enhances security but also enables transparent and tamperproof record-keeping.Additionally,the use of generative AI models ensures the creation of novel medical content without compromising personal information,further safeguarding patient privacy.In conclusion,this study showcases the potential of blockchain-based solutions in the medical field,particularly in securing sensitive medical data and protecting patient privacy.The proposed approach,combining blockchain and generative AI,offers a promising direction toward more robust and secure medical content management.Further research and advancements in this area will undoubtedly contribute to the development of robust and privacy-preserving healthcare systems,and visual diagnostic systems.
基金the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(Grant No.2024MD753992)Shaanxi Geotechnical Mechanics and Engineering Young Talent Support Program Project(Grant No.YESS2024005)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.41931285).
文摘In this study,compacted loess samples with varying compaction water content but identical dry density were prepared to investigate the evolution of their hydraulic conductivity and compression behavior.Additionally,environmental scanning electron microscopy(ESEM)and nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR)analyses were conducted to gain microstructural insights into loess behavior at the laboratory scale.The results indicate that the maximum saturated hydraulic conductivity is observed at the lowest compaction water content,particularly in the early stage of permeability tests.In particular,for loess compacted at water contents below the optimum(as determined by the modified Proctor compaction test),the hydraulic conductivity decreases throughout the permeability tests.Conversely,when the water content exceeds the optimum level,the hydraulic conductivity shows an increasing trend.In terms of compression behavior,when the as-compacted samples are loaded in oedometer conditions,an increase in material compressibility is observed with increasing compaction water content.Again,a different phenomenological behavior was observed when the compaction water content exceeded the optimum,i.e.an abrupt increase in loess compressibility.ESEM tests provide microstructural confirmation of this evidence,as the surface morphology of the compacted loess changes significantly with increasing compaction water content.The microstructural evolution was also quantified in terms of area ratio using image processing software.Finally,NMR was used to quantify the intra-and inter-aggregate water at different compaction water contents,once again highlighting a threshold for the presence or absence of inter-aggregate water similar to the optimum water content.
基金Projects(52174096, 52304110) supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China。
文摘Water is a critical factor affecting the mechanical properties of rocks, leading to their degradation. Understanding the creep mechanical behavior of deep roadway surrounding rock under the influence of underground water is of great significance. Compression and creep experiments on sandstone with varying water contents were conducted using a deep soft rock five-linked rheological experiment system. The experimental conditions, including water content (0%, 0.8%, 1.6%, 2.4% and 3.3%) and confining pressure (0, 6, 9 and 12 MPa), were determined based on pressure-free water absorption tests and in-situ stress measurements. The experimental results show that the compressive strength, creep failure stress, and dilatancy stress of sandstone decrease exponentially with increasing water content, while they increase exponentially with confining pressure. The ratio of lateral to axial instantaneous strain increases nearly linearly with the increase of stress, and the lateral creep strain characteristics of the sample are more significant than the axial ones. The duration of the attenuation creep stage of sandstone decreases with increasing water content and increases with increasing confining pressure. The lateral strain enters the steady-state creep stage before the axial strain, and the onset time of the accelerated creep stage of lateral strain under the failure stress is earlier than that of axial strain. The long-term strength of sandstone was determined based on the lateral steady-state creep rate curve, showing a negative exponential relationship with water content and a positive exponential relationship with confining pressure. A method for determining the long-term strength of rocks based on the ratio of lateral strain to axial strain (μc) is proposed, which is independent of water content. The research results provide a reliable theoretical basis for the analysis of the long-term stability of roadways under the influence of groundwater and the early prediction of creep failure.
基金supported by the Research Grant Council of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region,China(Grant Nos.HKU 17207518 and R5037-18).
文摘The nine typical Shanghai soils are usually silty clay or clay,which appears inconsistent with their low clay content in the relevant publications.The literature review shows that the documented clay content of Shanghai soils ranges from 0%to 30.8%by weight.This inconsistency may stem from two factors:(1)the Shanghai soil classification system relies solely on the plasticity index for soil naming;and(2)the conventional steel sieving method cannot separate the clay from the fine soils(clay and silt mixtures).This paper aims to accurately determine the clay content in Shanghai soils.It uses nylon cloth sieves with apertures ranging from 0.063 mm to 0.0008 mm and completely separates the clay particles from the fine soils.The nine typical Shanghai soils are tested and sieved into distinct subgroups of clay,silt,sand,and gravel particles.Results demonstrate clay content ranges from 18.99%to 79.33%,substantially higher than literature values and consistent with their names of either silty clay or clay.Macro,micro,and scanning electron microscope(SEM)images reveal effective separation of clay,silt,sand,and gravel particles.The clay exhibits cohesive properties,while the silt,sand,and gravel comprise clean,non-cohesive individual particles.The clay and silt fractions are confirmed to be within their respective sieving limits by SEM-based particle size measurements.Additionally,Atterberg limits testing highlights the high plasticity of the clay particles and the non-plastic nature of the silt particles.
基金funded by the National Science Foundation of China(CN)(Nos.42090054,41922055,41931295)the Key Research and Development Program of Hubei Province of China(No.2020BCB079)。
文摘Landslides frequently occurred in Jurassic red strata in the Three Gorges Reservoir(TGR)region in China.The Jurassic strata consist of low mechanical strength and poor permeability of weak silty mudstone layer,which may cause slope instability during rainfall.In order to understand the strength behavior of Jurassic silty mudstone shear zone,the so-called Shizibao landslide located in Guojiaba Town,Zigui County,Three Gorges Reservoir(TGR)in China is selected as a case study.The shear strength of the silty mudstone shear zone is strongly influenced by both the water content and the normal stress.Therefore,a series of drained ring shear tests were carried out by varying the water contents(7%,12%,17%,and 20%,respectively)and normal stresses(200,300,400,and 500 kPa,respectively).The result revealed that the residual friction coefficient and residual friction angle were power function relationships with water content and normal stress.The peak cohesion of the silty mudstone slip zone increased with water content to a certain limit,above which the cohesion decreased.In contrast,the residual cohesion showed the opposite trend,indicating the cohesion recovery above a certain limit of water content.However,both the peak and residual friction angle of the silty mudstone slip zone were observed to decrease steadily with increased water content.Furthermore,the macroscopic morphological features of the shear surface showed that the sliding failure was developed under high normal stress at low water content,while discontinuous sliding surface and soil extrusion were occurred when the water content increased to a saturated degree.The localized liquefaction developed by excess pore water pressure reduced the frictional force within the shear zone.Finally,the combined effects of the slope excavation and precipitation ultimately lead to the failure of the silty mudstone slope;however,continuous rainfall is the main factor triggering sliding.
文摘The Fe_(1−x)Ni_(x)VO_(4)(x=0,0.05,0.10,and 0.20)nanoparticles in this work were successfully synthesized via a co-precipitation method.The structural,magnetic and electrochemical properties of the prepared Fe_(1−x)Ni_(x)VO_(4) nanoparticles were studied as a function of Ni content.The experimental results show that the prepared Ni-doped FeVO_(4) samples have a triclinic structure.Scanning electron microscopy(SEM)images reveal a decrease in average nanoparticle size with increasing Ni content,leading to an enhancement in both specific surface area and magnetization values.X-ray absorption near edge structure(XANES)analysis confirms the substitution of Ni^(2+)ions into Fe^(3+)sites.The magnetic investigation reveals that Ni-doped FeVO_(4) exhibits weak ferromagnetic behavior at room temperature,in contrast to the antiferromagnetic behavior observed in the undoped FeVO_(4).Electrochemical studies demonstrate that the Fe_(0.95)Ni_(0.05)VO_(4) electrode achieves the highest specific capacitance of 334.05 F·g^(−1) at a current density of 1 A·g^(−1),which is attributed to its smallest average pore diameter.In addition,the enhanced specific surface of the Fe_(0.8)Ni_(0.2)VO_(4) electrode is responsible for its outstanding cyclic stability.Overall,our results suggest that the magnetic and electrochemical properties of FeVO_(4) nanoparticles could be effectively tuned by varying Ni doping contents.
基金Supported by the National Key Research and Development Project(2021YFD16009012021YFD1600902)。
文摘In order to study the effects of biochar-based organic fertilizer on the accumulation of the total flavonoid contents in dandelion after sowing,the experiment applied four levels of treatments of carbon-based organic fertilizer(0.15,0.30,0.45,and 0.60 kg•m^(-2)),and the base fertilizer that only applied conventional chemical fertilizer was used as the control.The total flavonoid contents and physiological indices of dandelion in different growth periods were determined.The results showed that the accumulation of the total flavonoid contents in leaves and roots of dandelion improved significantly by applying biochar-based organic fertilizer(0.15,0.30,0.45,and 0.60 kg•m^(-2)),with the highest total flavonoid occurred in the 0.45 kg•m^(-2) biochar-based organic fertilizer treatment.Along with dandelion growing,the total flavonoid contents in leaves were first elevated,and then decreased,with the maximum reached at 95 days after sowing(anthesis).While the total flavonoid contents in roots were elevated constantly.The total flavonoid contents accumulation in dandelion were positively correlated with net photosynthetic rate,stomatal conductance,transpiration rate,soluble sugar content,soluble protein,nitrate nitrogen,and available potassium,while negatively correlated with intercellular CO_(2) concentration.
文摘The Analects(Lunyu論語)is a fundamental text for understanding the teachings of Confucius and offers an extensive account of the importance and methodology of learning(xue學)in the quest to become a junzi(君子),or exemplary person.This paper explores the contents and attitudes of learning as presented in The Analects,focusing on how Confucius’disciples and subsequent generations compiled and understood his teachings.Confucius emphasized that the ultimate goal of learning is to become a junzi.The term junzi originally referred to nobles or aristocrats but was redefined by Confucius to describe anyone who cultivates themselves to achieve moral excellence and serve society effectively.In The Analects,the concept of junzi is constructed through various entries that illustrate what a junzi should and should not do,highlighting attributes such as being highly principled,disciplined,ethical,and capable.Confucius outlined specific content areas for learning that were essential for personal and social development.These included learning cultural knowledge(學文),the Book of Changes(學易),the Book of Odes(學詩),the Book of Propriety(學禮),and the Way(學道).He believed that proper behavior,such as filial piety,respect for elders,trustworthiness,and benevolence,was a prerequisite for effective learning.Through the study of these classical texts,learners could cultivate their emotions,improve their observational abilities,and enhance their social skills.In addition to content,Confucius stressed the importance of having the right attitude towards learning.He valued the enjoyment of learning(好學)and praised those who pursued knowledge with diligence and an open mind.This attitude was exemplified by his favorite disciple,Yan Hui,who was noted for his ability to learn without repeating mistakes or transferring anger to others.Confucius himself also modeled this attitude,demonstrating a lifelong commitment to learning and self-improvement.In conclusion,The Analects presents learning as a holistic process that encompasses not only the acquisition of knowledge but also the development of moral and social virtues.Confucius’teachings emphasize that through persistent and disciplined learning,individuals can achieve personal growth and contribute positively to society,embodying the qualities of a true junzi.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 52204101)Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province (No. ZR2022QE137)Open Project of State Key Laboratory for Geomechanics and Deep Underground Engineering in CUMTB (No. SKLGDUEK2023).
文摘Uniaxial compression tests and cyclic loading acoustic emission tests were conducted on 20%,40%,60%,80%,dry and saturated muddy sandstone by using a creep impact loading system to investigate the mechanical properties and acoustic emission characteristics of soft rocks with different water contents under dynamic disturbance.The mechanical properties and acoustic emission characteristics of muddy sandstones at different water contents were analysed.Results of experimental studies show that water is a key factor in the mechanical properties of rocks,softening them,increasing their porosity,reducing their brittleness and increasing their plasticity.Under uniaxial compression,the macroscopic damage characteristics of the muddy sandstone change from mono-bevel shear damage and‘X’type conjugate bevel shear damage to a roadway bottom-drum type damage as the water content increases.Dynamic perturbation has a strengthening effect on the mechanical properties of samples with 60%and less water content,and a weakening effect on samples with 80%and more water content,but the weakening effect is not obvious.Macroscopic damage characteristics of dry samples remain unchanged,water samples from shear damage and tensile–shear composite damage gradually transformed into cleavage damage,until saturation transformation monoclinic shear damage.The evolution of acoustic emission energy and event number is mainly divided into four stages:loading stage(Ⅰ),dynamic loading stage(Ⅱ),yield failure stage(Ⅲ),and post-peak stage(Ⅳ),the acoustic emission characteristics of the stages were different for different water contents.The characteristic value of acoustic emission key point frequency gradually decreases,and the damage degree of the specimen increases,corresponding to low water content—high main frequency—low damage and high water content—low main frequency—high damage.
基金financially supported by the General Research Institute for Nonferrous Metals Youth Science Foundation(No.52147)。
文摘The effects of cryogenic treatment(CT)and tempering-cryogenic treatment(TCT)on the microstructure and properties of coarse-grained WC-10Co cemented carbides with different carbon contents were researched.The binder phase,WC mean grain sizes,W solubility in the binder,relative magnetic s aturation,densities,hardness,wear resistance and second phase precipitation of cemented carbides with different heat treatments were discussed.The results show that there are significant changes of microstructure and properties in the samples with CT and TCT,especially due to the precipitation of metastable nanoparticles W_(x)Co_(y)C_(z) in the binder during the heat treatments of CT and TCT.With the simultaneous combination of microstructure and nanoparticle-reinforced binder,a dramatically improved combination of hardness and wear resistance of the samples after TCT has been achieved.
基金Project supported by the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation/Research Spanish Agency (PID2019-105 542RB-100/AEI/10.13039/501100011033)the UE-FEDER funding and Generalitat Valenciana (CIPROM/2021/070)。
文摘In this work,several ceria-zirconia based catalysts with very lo w(and equimolar) metal contents were prepared,characterised and tested for the CO oxidatio n reaction(under lean and stoichiometric conditions),trying to emulate those conditions found in a diesel oxidation catalyst(DOC) system from a diesel engine and those encountered under gasoline exhaust(λ=1).The metals chosen are Cu,Co,Ag and Pt(as a reliable benchmark).The results reveal enormous differences among reducibility and catalytic activity despite quite similar structural and textural properties of the catalysts,showing differences among dispersion(Ag-catalyst seems to present a low level of dispersion).This catalyst seems to be characterised,as well,by a strong electronic interaction between Ce and Ag centres which is suggested to yield an improved reducibility under H_(2)-TPR conditions.Nevertheless,the order in catalytic activity(Cu>Ag>Co≈Pt>>support) seems not to follow the order found in reducibility and the Cu-catalyst seems to be the most active independently on the reaction conditions,yielding nearly overlapped CO oxidation catalytic curves.Inte restingly,a stro ng correlation between the catalytic activity under the two conditions tested and the OSC values of the Ce_(0.8)Zr_(0.2)O_(2)-supported metal catalysts is found.Therefore,OSC parameter measured at 150℃ can be used as a relevant descriptor to evaluate the CO oxidation activity at low and medium conversions for the investigated catalysts,much better than the H_(2)-TPR measurements.
基金The financial support for this work from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52274342,52130408)the Hunan Scientific Technology Projects(Grant No.2020WK2003)+1 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province(2021JJ40731)the Postgraduate Scientific Research Innovation Project of Hunan Province(CX20220099)is gratefully acknowledged.
文摘Typical Q235 low-carbon steel samples with different hydrogen contents(0.0004,0.0008,and 0.0013 wt.%)were prepared by adjusting the environment humidity and moisture.The effects of hydrogen on interfacial heat transfer,contact behavior,and microstructure evolution were investigated using a novel droplet solidification technique.The results revealed that when the hydrogen content increases from 0.0004 to 0.0013 wt.%,the maximum heat flux between the molten steel and cooling substrate decreases from 8.01 to 6.19 MW/m^(2),and the total heat removed in the initial 2 s reduces from 10.30 to 8.27 MJ/m^(2).Moreover,the final contact angle between the molten steel and substrate increases from 103.741°to 113.697°,and the number of pores on the droplet bottom surface increases significantly from 21 to 210 with the increase in hydrogen.The surface roughness of the droplet bottom surface increases from 20.902 to 49.181 pm.In addition,the average grain size of the droplet increases from 14.778 to 33.548 pm with the increase in the hydrogen content.The interfacial contact condition becomes worse due to the escape of hydrogen from the steel matrix during the cooling process,which leads to the reduction in the interfacial heat transfer and the increase in the grain size.
基金Supported by Key Research and Development Program of Sichuan Province(2022YFS0436)Natural Science Foundation of Sichuan Province(2022NSFSC1738)+4 种基金Science and Technology Planning Project of Luzhou City(2021-JYJ-109,2023SYF120)Special Project of Traditional Chinese Medicine Scientific Research of Sichuan Provincial Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine(2020CP0029)Southwest Medical University-Luzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Base Project(2019-LH003)Open Subject of Luzhou Key Laboratory of Fine Chemical Application Technology(HYJY-2106-B)Southwest Medical University Undergraduate Student Innovation and Entrepreneurship Training Program(202310632074).
文摘[Objectives]This study was conducted to optimize the extraction process of total flavonoids from Penthorum chinense Pursh and compare their contents from different parts.[Methods]Single factor and orthogonal experiments were designed to optimize the extraction process of total flavonoids from P.chinense Pursh with the volume fraction of ethanol,the ratio of material to liquid,heating reflux extraction time and extraction times as factors,and the content of total flavonoids as the index.A verification test was carried out.The optimized extraction process was adopted to compare the contents of total flavonoids from different parts of P.chinense Pursh.[Results]The best extraction process was extracting the powder of P.chinense Pursh for 2.0 h with 20 times of 55%ethanol by reflux twice.Under this condition,the contents of total flavonoids were 3.63%,8.90%,11.28%,and 4.36%from stems,leaves,flowers and whole grass of P.chinense Pursh,respectively.[Conclusions]The process is reasonable,feasible and stable,and can effectively extract total flavonoids from P.chinense Pursh.The contents of total flavonoids from different parts of P.chinense Pursh were quite different,and the value was higher in the leaves and flowers,so the proportions of leaves and flowers should be paid attention to in the industrial processing of P.chinense Pursh.
基金Heilongjiang Provincial Key Research and Development Program Project,Grant/Award Number:JD2023SJ46National Natural Science Foundation of China,Grant/Award Number:U20A20318+3 种基金General program of China Post doctoral Fund,Grant/Award Number:2021M690946Major Science and Technology Project of Ministry of Water Resources,Grant/Award Number:SKS-2022095Heilongjiang Provincial Research Institutes Scientific Research Business Fund Project,Grant/Award Number:CZKYF2023-1-A009General program of China Postdoctoral Fund(2021M690946).
文摘In seasonal frozen soil,freezing and thawing can change the physical and mechanical properties and affect slope stability.There are complex moisture conditions in the main water transfer canal.A study of the hydrothermal evolution of canals with different initial water contents under the action of freezing and thawing is of great importance for the prevention and control of canal slope slides.Hydrothermal coupling models are the key to revealing the canal's hydrothermal evolution.As some of the modeling parameters in the current hydrothermal coupling model are based on empirical values,particularly those in the van Genuchten equation,which are not necessarily related to soil properties,they are not suitable for analyzing the hydrothermal evolution of canals.This paper determines the soil-water characteristic curve from the cumulative curve of particle gradation in the subsoil,and then determines the hydraulic parameters of the subsoil using the VG model,which then corrects the hydrothermal coupling model.The method of modifying the hydrothermal coupling model is original,which makes the model more realistically reflect drainage soil characteristics.During freezing and thawing of channel slopes with different initial water contents(21%,25%,29%,33%,37%,and 41%),temperature field,water field,and ice content distributions were investigated.Using the V-G model,the optimal parameters for canal subsoil were a=0.06,n=1.2,and m=0.17,and temperature distribution trends between canals with different water contents were basically similar.Water will accumulate at the bottom as the liquid water content increases at the canal boundary.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31060045,31260091)~~
文摘[Objective] The aim of this study was to investigate the content changes and their correlations of the photosynthetic pigment,phenols,including total phenols,total flavonoids and anthocyanins,and total saponins of the one-year-old P.notoginseng plants under supplemental UV-B stress in fields.[Method] The one-year-old plants were irradiated by UV-B in field for 1 min per day,and the plants under the UV-B lamp were regarded as a circle center,achieving an annular leaf-sampling.The photosynthetic pigment,phenols and total saponins of the leaves were determined spectrophotometrically.[Result] With the increase of sampling radius,the supplemental UV-B intensity decreased significantly,the contents of chlorophyll （Chl） a,Chl b,Chl （a＋b）,carotenoid （Car） and total photosynthetic pigment （Chl＋Car） of the leaves increased extremely significantly,the Chl a/b and total phenol content （TPC） decreased extremely significantly,but the Chl （a＋b）/Car changes were not significant.The contents of total flavonoids,anthocyanins and saponins all increased due to the increasing of UV-B,displaying dose effects.The UV-B intensity was positively correlated with the Chl a/b,and negatively with the Chl a,Chl b,Chl （a＋ b）,Car and （Chl＋Car） contents; and the two of TPC,total flavonoid content （TFC）,total anthocyanin content （TAC） and total saponin content （TSC） were positively correlated,all reaching extremely significant level.The UV-B intensity was positively and significantly correlated with the total flavonoid content （TFC）,negatively and significantly with the Chl （a＋b）/Car,and positively and insignificantly with the TPC,TAC and TSC.[Conclusion] For one-year-old plants of P.notoginseng,UV-B can decrease the contents of the Chl a,Chl b,Chl （a＋b）,Car and （Chl＋Car） and increase the Chl a/b and TPC,and,furthermore,induce the increases of the TFC,TAC and TSC in a dose-dependent manner.However,UV-B can hardly change the Chl （a＋b）/Car.The supplemental UV-B of well-suited dose might be one of the effective measures to improve the TSC of P.notoginseng.
基金Supported by Science and Technology Supporting Project of Henan Province(132300410358)~~
文摘[Objective] This study aimed to clarify the effects of Pb2＋ and Cr3＋ stress on the contents of chlorophyl in Bryum argenteum and Barbula indica. [Method] B. ar-genteum and B. indica were cultured in different concentrations of lead nitrate solu-tion or chromium chloride solution, to investigate the changes in contents of photo-synthetic pigments under lead and chromium single stress. [Result] The results showed that the effects of 1, 10 and 200 mg/L Pb2＋ on B. indica were greater than those on B. argenteum; the effects of 1, 50, 100 and 200 mg/L Cr3＋ on B. argen-teum were greater than those on B. indica. Total chlorophyl content in B. argen-teum and B. indica under different concentrations of Pb2＋ and Cr3＋ was decreased compared with that in control. The tolerance of B. indica to Pb2＋ pol ution was lower than that of B. argenteum, while the tolerance of B. indica to Cr3＋ pol ution was greater than that of B. argenteum. [Conclusion] Based on the conventional require-ments for monitoring materials, B. indica can be used as an indicator species to monitor heavy metal pol ution in the atmosphere of Zhengzhou.
基金Project(2011)supported by the research grant of the Chungbuk National University,South Korea
文摘r-learning,which is based on e-learning and u-learning,is defined as a learning support system that intelligent robots serve verbal and nonverbal interactions on ubiquitous computing environment.In order to guarantee the advantages of r-learning contents with no limits of timc and place and with nonverbal interaction which are not in e-learning contents,in recent years,assessment criteria for r-learning contents are urgently rcquired.Therefore,the reliable and valid assessment criteria were developed for nonverbal interaction contents in r-learning,and its detailed research content is as follows.First,assessment criteria for nonverbal interaction in r-learning contents will be specified into gesture,facial expression,semi-verbal message,distance,physical contact and time.Second,the validity of the developed assessment criteria will be proved by statistics.Consequently,the assessment criteria for nonverbal interaction contents will be helpful when choosing the better r-learning content and producing the better r-learning content,and the reliability of school education is improved ultimately.
文摘[Objective] The research aimed to study change law of phosphorus content of soil in karst rocky desertification region(KRD) during eco-restoration process such as Northwest Guangxi Province.[Method] The soil samples were collected from typical KRD in Pingguo County and Yizhou City.The determining quotas of different soil samples such as soil total phosphorus content and available phosphorus content were detected,in addition the soil total phosphorus content,available phosphorus content, urease activity, catalase activity and organic matter content in different soil samples were analyzed comparatively.[Result] Aspect,vegetation type and recovery time generated obviously influences on phosphorus contents in different soil samples.The concrete influence order was listed as follow: phosphorus content in soil of south slope was higher than that in soil of north slope;phosphorus content in soil where Zenia insignis Chun was planted was higher than that in soil of closed forest and that of soil where Dendrocalamus minor Var. amoen was planted,additionally,phosphorus increased with recovery time. Urease activity could be used as a monitoring index of soil fertility because it is related to the change of phosphorus content.[Conclusion] The soil of karst rocky desertification region in Northwest Guangxi Province could be recovered gradually if excessive human disturbance was stopped.If proper natural method of recovery promoted by human was taken,the recovery would reach a better result.
基金Supported by Foreign Cooperation Project of Science and Technology of Yunnan Province(2015IC057)Province-strengthening Project via Science and Technology Innovation of Yunnan(2015AB011)Fund of Wenshan Academy of Agricultural Sciences(HZ2015-01)~~
文摘[Objective] The aim of this study was to compare the drought resistance difference of the main Capsicum annuum cultivars planted in Wenshan Prefecture of Yunnan Province. [Method] The total anthocyanin, soluble sugar, soluble protein and free proline contents of the leaves of the five main C. annuum cultivars planted in Wenshan Prefecture, i.e., ZSZ75-1, ZSZ49-1-1, 12WS-18-1, 12ZH01 and ZS130, under the drought stress simulated by PEG-6000 were studied by using spectrophotometry, and the total osmoregulation abilities of the leaves were evaluated by using subordinate function. [Result] Under the drought stress simulated by PEG-6000, the total anthocyanin contents of the veins, mesophylls and whole leaves of the five cultivars were all as： ZSZ75-1〉ZSZ49-1-1〉12WS-18-1〉12ZH01〉ZS130, the soluble sugar contents as： 12ZH01 〉12WS-18-1 〉ZS130〉ZSZ49-1-1 〉ZSZ75-1, the soluble protein contents as： ZSZ75-1〉12ZH01〉ZSZ49-1-1〉12WS-18-1〉ZS130, and the free proline contents as： ZS130〉ZSZ75-1 〉12WS-18-1 〉ZSZ49-1-1 〉12ZH01. Furthermore, the differences among the total anthocyanin contents of the veins, mesophylls and whole leaves of the five cultivars all reached the extremely significant levels, whereas the differences among the contents of the soluble sugar, soluble protein and free proline did not reach the significant levels, the correlation degrees among the contents of the total anthocyanin, soluble sugar, soluble protein and free proline of different cultivars were also inconsistent, and the total osmoregulation abilities of the five cultivar leaves were as： ZSZ75-1 〉7SZ49-1-1 〉12WS-18-1 〉ZS130〉12ZH01. [Conclusion] The anthocyanin accumulation in the specific organs of the five C. annuum cultivars in Wenshan Prefecture is beneficial to the strengthening of the leaf osmoregulation abilities under drought stress, favoring the drought tolerance of the cultivars.
