2k factorial design is employed to find the mathematical relation between the carbon content and intercritical annealing temperature （IAT） in order to predict the responses namely martensite volume fraction （MVF）,...2k factorial design is employed to find the mathematical relation between the carbon content and intercritical annealing temperature （IAT） in order to predict the responses namely martensite volume fraction （MVF）, microhardness （H）, yield strength （YS）, ultimate tensile strength （UTS）, total elongation （TEL）, yield ratio （YR） and Charpy impact energy （CIE） in dual phase （DP） steels. Steels containing different carbon contents （0.085% C and 0.380% C） had been chosen for this purpose. The main advantages of factorial design are its easy implementation and the effective computation compared with the other optimization techniques, which were employed for predicting mentioned responses in the literature. To verify the proposed approach based on factorial design, experiments for verification were performed. The results of the verification experiments and the mathematical models are in accordance with each other and the literature.展开更多
As the development of the current building activities continues to become mature, now the requirements on the indoor design activities will also be promoted. Compared with the interior design activities, the furniture...As the development of the current building activities continues to become mature, now the requirements on the indoor design activities will also be promoted. Compared with the interior design activities, the furniture is one of the important factors in the process of the interior decoration. The choice of the appropriate furniture not only can effectively improve the quality of the interior design activities, but also can fully meet the specific application needs of the people. This paper starts from the analysis of the specific requirements on the design and production of the modern furniture. And combined with the analysis of the specific characteristics and the connotation of the design styles of the furniture in the Ming Dynasty, the author further explores the specific influence of the design styles of the Ming Dynasty furniture on the modern furniture.展开更多
Engineers often need to look for the right pieces of information by sifting through long engineering documents, It is a very tiring and time-consuming job. To address this issue, researchers are increasingly devoting ...Engineers often need to look for the right pieces of information by sifting through long engineering documents, It is a very tiring and time-consuming job. To address this issue, researchers are increasingly devoting their attention to new ways to help information users, including engineers, to access and retrieve document content. The research reported in this paper explores how to use the key technologies of document decomposition （study of document structure）, document mark-up （with EXtensible Mark- up Language （XML）, HyperText Mark-up Language （HTML）, and Scalable Vector Graphics （SVG））, and a facetted classification mechanism. Document content extraction is implemented via computer programming （with Java）. An Engineering Document Content Management System （EDCMS） developed in this research demonstrates that as information providers we can make document content in a more accessible manner for information users including engineers.The main features of the EDCMS system are： 1） EDCMS is a system that enables users, especially engineers, to access and retrieve information at content rather than document level. In other words, it provides the right pieces of information that answer specific questions so that engineers don＇t need to waste time sifting through the whole document to obtain the required piece of information. 2） Users can use the EDCMS via both the data and metadata of a document to access engineering document content. 3） Users can use the EDCMS to access and retrieve content objects, i.e. text, images and graphics （including engineering drawings） via multiple views and at different granularities based on decomposition schemes. Experiments with the EDCMS have been conducted on semi-structured documents, a textbook of CADCAM, and a set of project posters in the Engineering Design domain. Experimental results show that the system provides information users with a powerful solution to access document content.展开更多
Actually recent investigation in developing semiconducting-superconducting composites based in CdS and Bi-based superconductors has attracted interest in processing thin superconducting films. In this work are reporte...Actually recent investigation in developing semiconducting-superconducting composites based in CdS and Bi-based superconductors has attracted interest in processing thin superconducting films. In this work are reported Bi-Pb-Sr-Ca-Cu-O (BPSCCO) thin films grown on MgO substrates by spray pyrolysis technique from a solution containing Bi(NO3)3, Pb(NO3)2, Sr(NO3)2, Ca(NO3)2 and Cu(NO3)2, with a subsequent solid state reaction for growing the Bi-based superconducting phases. Annealed films were characterized by X-ray diffraction, atomic absorption spectroscopy and resistance measurements. Interdependence between Pb content, annealing time and temperature, in the formation of superconducting phases was studied applying a fractional factorial design 3III4-2. Interrelation between Pb content, ta and Ta exists. The presence of Pb is necessary to stabilize the high-Tc phase but its content depends on the annealing conditions.展开更多
Design method for large stone porous asphalt mixtures （LSPM） was analyzed to avoid the early distresses of semi-rigid asphalt pavements. Based on stone-to-stone skeleton structure concept, processes of LSPM gradatio...Design method for large stone porous asphalt mixtures （LSPM） was analyzed to avoid the early distresses of semi-rigid asphalt pavements. Based on stone-to-stone skeleton structure concept, processes of LSPM gradation design was given. The gradation composite design for LSPM shows that the LSPM nominal maximum size （ N MS） should be larger than 26.5 mm, and the NMS sieve passing percentage should be greater than 50%. Through experiments and calculations on the volume properties of the aggregate, the range of aggregate gradation curve of LSPM was given. In terms of asphalt binder＇s normalized test results, MAC-70 and SBS modified asphalt were selected as the asphalt binders. The applicability of large scale Marshall Method and gyratory compaction method to shape specimens was investigated. Based on the asphalt mixture performance evaluation, the optimum asphalt content range （3.1%-3.6%）, the bitumen film＇s thickness range （13-16 μm） and the air void range （13%-18 %） were recommended. Finally, LSPM was tested by the laboratory performance tests including rutting resistance test, fatigue test and water stability test. The theoretic and practical analysis shows that LSPM has a good performance on water permeability, rutting resistance and reflection crack resistance.展开更多
Critical rainfall estimation for early warning of rainstorm-induced flash flood is an inverse rainstorm-runoff process based on warning discharge threshold for a warning station of interest in a watershed; the key asp...Critical rainfall estimation for early warning of rainstorm-induced flash flood is an inverse rainstorm-runoff process based on warning discharge threshold for a warning station of interest in a watershed; the key aspects of critical rainfall include rainfall amount and rainfall duration. Antecedent moisture content and storm pattern affects highly the estimation of critical rainfall. Using hydrological modeling technique with detailed subbasin delineation and manual for design rainstorm-runoff computation,this study first introduced basic concept and analysis methods on critical rainfall for flash flood early warning,and then investigated the responses of flash flood warning critical rainfall to antecedent moisture content and storm pattern. Taking South Branch Watershed of Censhui in Hunan Province as an example,critical rainfall in scenarios of typical antecedent moisture content and storm patterns was estimated at 3 warning stations of interest in this watershed. This research illustrates that both antecedent and storm pattern play important role in the estimation of critical rainfall and enough attention should also be paid to these factors when a decision to be made on whether a warning to be issued or not.展开更多
[Objectives] To determine the optimum extraction technology for total phenols of leaves in Acanthopanax giraldii Harms.[Methods]The single factor test and orthogonal design were adopted to study the extraction technol...[Objectives] To determine the optimum extraction technology for total phenols of leaves in Acanthopanax giraldii Harms.[Methods]The single factor test and orthogonal design were adopted to study the extraction technology for total phenols of leaves in Acanthopanax giraldii Harms. [Results]The optimum extraction conditions were determined as follows: extraction solvent( 70% methanol),solid-liquid ratio( 1∶ 35),and reflux extraction time( 60 min). Under these conditions,the yield of crude extract from total phenols of leaves in Acanthopanax giraldii Harms was 38. 67 mg/g.[Conclusions] The technology was simple,and of low cost and high extraction rate,suitable for the extraction of total phenols of leaves in Acanthopanax giraldii Harms.展开更多
文摘2k factorial design is employed to find the mathematical relation between the carbon content and intercritical annealing temperature （IAT） in order to predict the responses namely martensite volume fraction （MVF）, microhardness （H）, yield strength （YS）, ultimate tensile strength （UTS）, total elongation （TEL）, yield ratio （YR） and Charpy impact energy （CIE） in dual phase （DP） steels. Steels containing different carbon contents （0.085% C and 0.380% C） had been chosen for this purpose. The main advantages of factorial design are its easy implementation and the effective computation compared with the other optimization techniques, which were employed for predicting mentioned responses in the literature. To verify the proposed approach based on factorial design, experiments for verification were performed. The results of the verification experiments and the mathematical models are in accordance with each other and the literature.
文摘As the development of the current building activities continues to become mature, now the requirements on the indoor design activities will also be promoted. Compared with the interior design activities, the furniture is one of the important factors in the process of the interior decoration. The choice of the appropriate furniture not only can effectively improve the quality of the interior design activities, but also can fully meet the specific application needs of the people. This paper starts from the analysis of the specific requirements on the design and production of the modern furniture. And combined with the analysis of the specific characteristics and the connotation of the design styles of the furniture in the Ming Dynasty, the author further explores the specific influence of the design styles of the Ming Dynasty furniture on the modern furniture.
基金This work was supported by the UK Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council(EPSRC)(No.GR/R67507/01).
文摘Engineers often need to look for the right pieces of information by sifting through long engineering documents, It is a very tiring and time-consuming job. To address this issue, researchers are increasingly devoting their attention to new ways to help information users, including engineers, to access and retrieve document content. The research reported in this paper explores how to use the key technologies of document decomposition （study of document structure）, document mark-up （with EXtensible Mark- up Language （XML）, HyperText Mark-up Language （HTML）, and Scalable Vector Graphics （SVG））, and a facetted classification mechanism. Document content extraction is implemented via computer programming （with Java）. An Engineering Document Content Management System （EDCMS） developed in this research demonstrates that as information providers we can make document content in a more accessible manner for information users including engineers.The main features of the EDCMS system are： 1） EDCMS is a system that enables users, especially engineers, to access and retrieve information at content rather than document level. In other words, it provides the right pieces of information that answer specific questions so that engineers don＇t need to waste time sifting through the whole document to obtain the required piece of information. 2） Users can use the EDCMS via both the data and metadata of a document to access engineering document content. 3） Users can use the EDCMS to access and retrieve content objects, i.e. text, images and graphics （including engineering drawings） via multiple views and at different granularities based on decomposition schemes. Experiments with the EDCMS have been conducted on semi-structured documents, a textbook of CADCAM, and a set of project posters in the Engineering Design domain. Experimental results show that the system provides information users with a powerful solution to access document content.
文摘Actually recent investigation in developing semiconducting-superconducting composites based in CdS and Bi-based superconductors has attracted interest in processing thin superconducting films. In this work are reported Bi-Pb-Sr-Ca-Cu-O (BPSCCO) thin films grown on MgO substrates by spray pyrolysis technique from a solution containing Bi(NO3)3, Pb(NO3)2, Sr(NO3)2, Ca(NO3)2 and Cu(NO3)2, with a subsequent solid state reaction for growing the Bi-based superconducting phases. Annealed films were characterized by X-ray diffraction, atomic absorption spectroscopy and resistance measurements. Interdependence between Pb content, annealing time and temperature, in the formation of superconducting phases was studied applying a fractional factorial design 3III4-2. Interrelation between Pb content, ta and Ta exists. The presence of Pb is necessary to stabilize the high-Tc phase but its content depends on the annealing conditions.
文摘Design method for large stone porous asphalt mixtures （LSPM） was analyzed to avoid the early distresses of semi-rigid asphalt pavements. Based on stone-to-stone skeleton structure concept, processes of LSPM gradation design was given. The gradation composite design for LSPM shows that the LSPM nominal maximum size （ N MS） should be larger than 26.5 mm, and the NMS sieve passing percentage should be greater than 50%. Through experiments and calculations on the volume properties of the aggregate, the range of aggregate gradation curve of LSPM was given. In terms of asphalt binder＇s normalized test results, MAC-70 and SBS modified asphalt were selected as the asphalt binders. The applicability of large scale Marshall Method and gyratory compaction method to shape specimens was investigated. Based on the asphalt mixture performance evaluation, the optimum asphalt content range （3.1%-3.6%）, the bitumen film＇s thickness range （13-16 μm） and the air void range （13%-18 %） were recommended. Finally, LSPM was tested by the laboratory performance tests including rutting resistance test, fatigue test and water stability test. The theoretic and practical analysis shows that LSPM has a good performance on water permeability, rutting resistance and reflection crack resistance.
基金Supported by National Flash Flood Disaster Prevention and Control Project(2013-2015)Research on Spatio-temporal Variable Source Runoff Model and Its Mechanism(JZ0145B2017)Flood Risk Theory and Approach at Basin Scale(JZ0101092013)
文摘Critical rainfall estimation for early warning of rainstorm-induced flash flood is an inverse rainstorm-runoff process based on warning discharge threshold for a warning station of interest in a watershed; the key aspects of critical rainfall include rainfall amount and rainfall duration. Antecedent moisture content and storm pattern affects highly the estimation of critical rainfall. Using hydrological modeling technique with detailed subbasin delineation and manual for design rainstorm-runoff computation,this study first introduced basic concept and analysis methods on critical rainfall for flash flood early warning,and then investigated the responses of flash flood warning critical rainfall to antecedent moisture content and storm pattern. Taking South Branch Watershed of Censhui in Hunan Province as an example,critical rainfall in scenarios of typical antecedent moisture content and storm patterns was estimated at 3 warning stations of interest in this watershed. This research illustrates that both antecedent and storm pattern play important role in the estimation of critical rainfall and enough attention should also be paid to these factors when a decision to be made on whether a warning to be issued or not.
基金Supported by Sichuan Science and Technology Support Program(2015SZ-0034)Innovative Research Project for 2016 Graduate in Southwest University for Nationalities(CX2016SZ013)
文摘[Objectives] To determine the optimum extraction technology for total phenols of leaves in Acanthopanax giraldii Harms.[Methods]The single factor test and orthogonal design were adopted to study the extraction technology for total phenols of leaves in Acanthopanax giraldii Harms. [Results]The optimum extraction conditions were determined as follows: extraction solvent( 70% methanol),solid-liquid ratio( 1∶ 35),and reflux extraction time( 60 min). Under these conditions,the yield of crude extract from total phenols of leaves in Acanthopanax giraldii Harms was 38. 67 mg/g.[Conclusions] The technology was simple,and of low cost and high extraction rate,suitable for the extraction of total phenols of leaves in Acanthopanax giraldii Harms.
