The addition of high-content crumb rubber(HCCR)in asphalt can effectively address waste tire pollution and provide sustainable environmental and economic advantages.However,the practical application of conventional ru...The addition of high-content crumb rubber(HCCR)in asphalt can effectively address waste tire pollution and provide sustainable environmental and economic advantages.However,the practical application of conventional rubberized binders is significantly limited by high viscosity and poor storage stability.To address these issues,researchers have pretreated crumb rubber(CR)with oil,but high-temperature performance remains insufficient.Therefore,this study aimed to optimize the viscosity,storage stability,and rheological properties of high-content crumb rubber-modified asphalt(HCCRMA)by varying the pretreatment levels of CR and incorporating various additives,including styrene-butadiene-styrene(SBS),deoiled asphalt(DA),or recycled low-density polyethylene(RLDPE).In addition,CR was pretreated with waste cooking oil(WCO)at various ratios,pre-swelling temperatures,and times.The results show that DA exhibits excellent storage stability and lower viscosity compared with other modifiers in HCCRMA,and the 4%RLDPE with pretreated HCCR has the greatest high-temperature rutting resistance.The inclusion of RLDPE increases the stiffness and elasticity of the modified asphalt,which results in greater high-temperature performance.Additionally,the fluorescence microscopy(FM)test confirms that SBS exhibits better dispersion than other modifiers and forms a more homogeneous phase separation in the HCCRMA.All in all,this research achieved an optimal balance of storage stability and rheological properties in asphalt modified with pretreated HCCR and 6%SBS,which provides a valuable reference for performance improvement of HCCR-modified binders.展开更多
Defining science and demarcating it from pseudoscience are longstanding core issues in the philosophy of science.Hilbert’s traditional axiomatic standards(consistency,completeness,independence)struggle with modern co...Defining science and demarcating it from pseudoscience are longstanding core issues in the philosophy of science.Hilbert’s traditional axiomatic standards(consistency,completeness,independence)struggle with modern complex systems,while existing demarcation criteria like replicability and Popper’s falsificationism have practical limitations.Analyzing incompatibilities in complex systems,this paper proposes a revised framework:modified Hilbert axiomatic standards(clearly defined concepts,logical consistency,unrefuted axioms)and dynamic demarcation criteria.Abandoning unattainable traditional requirements of completeness and independence,it emphasizes conceptual clarity,openness,and progressiveness,offering an operational,self-consistent basis for judging scientificity.展开更多
Flubendiamide is a commonly used pesticide with low water solubility and a high organic carbon sorption constant,causing it to adhere to soil particles and negatively impact soil ecosystems.First,chili plant stems,typ...Flubendiamide is a commonly used pesticide with low water solubility and a high organic carbon sorption constant,causing it to adhere to soil particles and negatively impact soil ecosystems.First,chili plant stems,typically discarded after the harvest season,represent an abundant local biomass resource with significant potential for utilization,and were converted into biochar through pyrolysis.Here,we describe the synthesis of biochar modified with iron and chitosan to increase the diversity of functions and surface functional groups of biochar.The resulting chitosan-modified magnetic biochar(CMBC)presents a full range of functional groups of chitosan and iron oxide as shown by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy.The correlation between flubendiamide concentration and the dose of biochar on adsorption was explored.The flubendiamide adsorption efficiency of CMBC(1%mass ratio of soil)reached 68.03%in 90 min.The highest adsorption capacity achieved was 0.95 mg·g^(−1).The flubendiamide adsorption mechanism by CMBC can be described with a pseudo-second-order kinetic model.The experiment data closely fit a Freundlich isotherm model(R^(2)=0.998),and the low residual sum of squares values demonstrate the high model applicability.In this study,we present a comprehensive overview of pesticides,alongside kinetic and isotherm model studies of flubendiamide adsorption by CMBC.We emphasize the potential of modified biochar to enhance environmental remediation applications.展开更多
Oral immunization is an alternative or supplementary approach that can significantly improve dog vaccination coverage,especially for free-roaming dogs.Safe and effective oral rabies vaccines for dogs are still being s...Oral immunization is an alternative or supplementary approach that can significantly improve dog vaccination coverage,especially for free-roaming dogs.Safe and effective oral rabies vaccines for dogs are still being sought.In our previous studies,we generated a genetically modified rabies virus(RABV) ERA strain,rERAG_(333E),containing a mutation from arginine(Arg,R) to glutamic acid(Glu,E) at residue 333 of the G protein(G_(333E)).Our previous results demonstrated that rERAG_(333E) was safe for adult mice and dogs,and oral vaccination with rERAG_(333E) induced a strong and long-lasting protective immune response in dogs.Here,we further investigated the safety and immunogenicity of rERAG_(333E) in nontarget species,including suckling mice,rhesus monkeys,foxes,raccoon dogs,piglets,goats,and sheep.Suckling mice studies demonstrated that the G_(333E) mutation significantly reduced the virulence of the ERA strain.All of the suckling mice aged 10 days and above survived and showed no apparent signs of disease after intracerebral inoculation with rERAG_(333E).Animal studies demonstrated that rERAG_(333E) was safe in rhesus monkeys,foxes,raccoon dogs,piglets,goats,and sheep.None of those animals inoculated orally with 10 times the intended field dose of rERAG_(333E) showed abnormal clinical signs before and after the booster immunization with Rabvac 3,an inactivated rabies vaccine.Meanwhile,oral inoculation with rERAG_(333E) induced strong neutralizing antibody(NA) responses to RABV in rhesus monkeys,foxes,raccoon dogs,and piglets.These results demonstrated that rERAG_(333E) has the potential to serve as a safe oral rabies vaccine for dogs.展开更多
In this paper, a consistent Riccati expansion method is developed to solve nonlinear fractional partial differential equations involving Jumarie＇s modified Riemann–Liouville derivative. The efficiency and power of t...In this paper, a consistent Riccati expansion method is developed to solve nonlinear fractional partial differential equations involving Jumarie＇s modified Riemann–Liouville derivative. The efficiency and power of this approach are demonstrated by applying it successfully to some important fractional differential equations, namely, the time fractional Burgers, fractional Sawada–Kotera, and fractional coupled mKdV equation. A variety of new exact solutions to these equations under study are constructed.展开更多
This paper investigates in detail the dynamics of the modified KdV equation with self-consistent sources, including characteristics of one-soliton, scattering conditions and phase shifts of two solitons, degenerate ca...This paper investigates in detail the dynamics of the modified KdV equation with self-consistent sources, including characteristics of one-soliton, scattering conditions and phase shifts of two solitons, degenerate case of two solitons and ＂ghost＂ solitons, etc. Co-moving coordinate frames are employed in asymptotic analysis.展开更多
In this paper, we investigate a modified differential-difference KP equation which is shown to have a continuum limit into the m KP equation. It is also shown that the solution of the modified differential-difference ...In this paper, we investigate a modified differential-difference KP equation which is shown to have a continuum limit into the m KP equation. It is also shown that the solution of the modified differential-difference KP equation is related to the solution of the differential-difference KP equation through a Miura transformation. We first present the Grammian solution to the modified differential-difference KP equation, and then produce a coupled modified differential-difference KP system by applying the source generation procedure. The explicit N-soliton solution of the resulting coupled modified differential-difference system is expressed in compact forms by using the Grammian determinant and Casorati determinant. We also construct and solve another form of the self-consistent sources extension of the modified differential-difference KP equation, which constitutes a B?cklund transformation for the differentialdifference KP equation with self-consistent sources.展开更多
A new model of the modified Newtonian gravity called Compacted & Collapsing Gravity (CCG) is proposed. Similar to the Milgrom’s MOND, it allows explaining the flattening of rotation curve in spiral galaxies, thus...A new model of the modified Newtonian gravity called Compacted & Collapsing Gravity (CCG) is proposed. Similar to the Milgrom’s MOND, it allows explaining the flattening of rotation curve in spiral galaxies, thus eliminates the need for dark matter at this level. However, in contrast to MOND, it puts a distinct limit on effective gravity;thereby constraints the sizes of single galaxies in connection to their masses, which complies with observations. In the bigger than single galaxies structures such as galaxy clusters, CCG rather complements than replaces interpretations of the observational data based on dark matter. Besides, the new model provides a plausible explanation to the hierarchical structure of the universe.展开更多
With the approval of more and more genetically modified(GM)crops in our country,GM safety management has become more important.Transgenic detection is a major approach for transgenic safety management.Nevertheless,a c...With the approval of more and more genetically modified(GM)crops in our country,GM safety management has become more important.Transgenic detection is a major approach for transgenic safety management.Nevertheless,a convenient and visual technique with low equipment requirements and high sensitivity for the field detection of GM plants is still lacking.On the basis of the existing recombinase polymerase amplification(RPA)technique,we developed a multiplex RPA(multi-RPA)method that can simultaneously detect three transgenic elements,including the cauliflower mosaic virus 35S gene(CaMV35S)promoter,neomycin phosphotransferaseⅡgene(NptⅡ)and hygromycin B phosphotransferase gene(Hyg),thus improving the detection rate.Moreover,we coupled this multi-RPA technique with the CRISPR/Cas12a reporter system,which enabled the detection results to be clearly observed by naked eyes under ultraviolet(UV)light(254 nm;which could be achieved by a portable UV flashlight),therefore establishing a multi-RPA visual detection technique.Compared with the traditional test strip detection method,this multi-RPA-CRISPR/Cas12a technique has the higher specificity,higher sensitivity,wider application range and lower cost.Compared with other polymerase chain reaction(PCR)techniques,it also has the advantages of low equipment requirements and visualization,making it a potentially feasible method for the field detection of GM plants.展开更多
Spinal cord injury and treatment opportunities:The adult mammalian spinal cord has a very limited capacity for spontaneous regeneration due to various intrinsic molecular and cellular factors.Although the spinal cord ...Spinal cord injury and treatment opportunities:The adult mammalian spinal cord has a very limited capacity for spontaneous regeneration due to various intrinsic molecular and cellular factors.Although the spinal cord neurons have the capacity to regenerate their axons,the expression of growth inhibitory factors,lack or suppression of proper guidance cues,and profound inflammatory responses do not permit successful regeneration(Khyeam et al.,2021).展开更多
To reduce the temperature diseases of asphalt pavement,improve the service quality of road and extend service life,the research of inorganic powders that reduce the temperature of asphalt pavements was systematically ...To reduce the temperature diseases of asphalt pavement,improve the service quality of road and extend service life,the research of inorganic powders that reduce the temperature of asphalt pavements was systematically sorted out.The common types,physicochemical properties and application methods of inorganic powders were defined.The road performances of modified asphalt and its mixture were evaluated.The modification mechanism of inorganic powders in asphalt was analyzed.On this basis,the cooling effect and cooling mechanism of inorganic powders was revealed.The results indicate that inorganic powders are classified into hollow,porous,and energy conversion types.The high-temperature performance of inorganic powders modified asphalt and its mixture is significantly improved,while there is no significant change in low-temperature performance and water stability.The average increase in rutting resistance factor(G*/sin(δ))and dynamic stability is 40%–72%and 30%–50%,respectively.The modification mechanism of inorganic powders in asphalt is physical blending.The thermal conductivity of hollow and porous inorganic powders modified asphalt mixture decreases by 30.05%and 43.14%,respectively.The temperature of hollow,porous and energy conversion inorganic powders modified asphalt mixture at 5 cm decreases by 2.3 ℃–3.5 ℃,0.8 ℃–3.7 ℃and 4.1 ℃–4.7℃,respectively.Hollow and porous inorganic powders block heat conduction,while energy conversion inorganic powders achieve cooling through their functional properties.展开更多
BACKGROUND At present,the concept of surgical treatment of gastric cancer(GC)has changed from“radical treatment”to“care for patients”to a certain extent.The reconstruction method is the most likely to affect the p...BACKGROUND At present,the concept of surgical treatment of gastric cancer(GC)has changed from“radical treatment”to“care for patients”to a certain extent.The reconstruction method is the most likely to affect the postoperative life of the patient.Currently,the traditional Roux-en-Y esophagojejunostomy anastomosis is a commonly used method for gastrointestinal reconstruction after total gastrectomy for GC.However,more recent studies have shown that the traditional Roux-en-Y anastomosis is complicated in operation procedure,with more reconstruction steps and longer reconstruction time,and the incidence of postoperative complications such as adhesive intestinal obstruction,internal abdominal hernia and volvulus is high.Moreover,the incidence of Roux stasis syndrome is 10%-30%after traditional Roux-en-Y reconstruction.Thus,we modified the traditional Roux-en-Y alimentary tract reconstruction,and designed a new digestive tract reconstruction method for laparoscopy-assisted Roux-en-Y anastomosis for total gastrectomy of GC.AIM To evaluate the clinical advantages,feasibility,and safety of a modified Roux-en-Y digestive tract reconstruction in laparoscopy-assisted total gastrectomy for the treatment of GC compared with the traditional Roux-en-Y method.METHODS Ninety-seven patients who underwent laparoscopy-assisted D2 radical gastrectomy(total gastrectomy)for GC were divided into two groups:fifty-four in the conventional Roux-en-Y reconstruction group(Orr group)and forty-three in the modified Roux-en-Y reconstruction group(the modified group).Perioperative and short-term outcomes were analyzed,including complications,postoperative weight loss,hemoglobin levels,and nutritional status.RESULTS The Orr group and the modified group showed no statistically significant differences in baseline characteristics.Compared with the Orr group,the modified group had shorter digestive tract reconstruction and operation times,less intraoperative bleeding,and shorter postoperative hospital stays compared to the Orr group.Although both groups had similar amounts of intraoperative blood loss,postoperative recovery times,and hospital expenses,the Orr group experienced longer operation times and digestive tract reconstruction times.Furthermore,the modified Roux-en-Y group demonstrated significantly fewer short-term and long-term complications,with a reduced incidence of reflux esophagitis and improved nutritional status.CONCLUSION The modified Roux-en-Y digestive tract reconstruction method after laparoscopy-assisted total gastrectomy for GC offers safety,simplicity,and a reduction in bile reflux.This method shortens operation times and minimizes postoperative complications,aligns with modern rapid rehabilitation surgery trends and potentially improves patient prognosis and overall survival.This method warrants further clinical application and promotion.展开更多
Semenov-Tian-Shansky has given the solution of the modified classical Yang-Baxter equation, which was called the modified r-matrix. Relevant studies have been extensive in recent times. In this paper, we introduce the...Semenov-Tian-Shansky has given the solution of the modified classical Yang-Baxter equation, which was called the modified r-matrix. Relevant studies have been extensive in recent times. In this paper, we introduce the concept and representations of modified RotaBaxter Hom-Lie algebras. We develop a cohomology of modified Rota-Baxter Hom-Lie algebras with coefficients in a suitable representation. As applications, we study formal deformations and abelian extensions of modified Rota-Baxter Hom-Lie algebras in terms of second cohomology groups.展开更多
As a crucial human activity,dam construction can profoundly impact the surface hydrology patterns.The Three Gorges Reservoir(TGR),as one of the largest hydraulic engineering projects in the world,has gained continuous...As a crucial human activity,dam construction can profoundly impact the surface hydrology patterns.The Three Gorges Reservoir(TGR),as one of the largest hydraulic engineering projects in the world,has gained continuous attention for its eco-hydrological effects.However,further investigation is necessary to understand the runoff and social impacts of the TGR on the Upper Yangtze River.This study first employed a modified SWAT model to simulate runoff,compared scenarios with and without the TGR,and finally evaluated water supply and demand in the Upper Yangtze River.The results showed a significant increasing trend in the surface water area of the Upper Yangtze River from 2000-2020.The modified SWAT model performs well in simulating the runoff,with Nash-Sutcliffe Efficiency and Percent Bias improved by 0.04-0.30 and 2-31.90,respectively.Scenario simulation results revealed that the TGR reduced seasonal differences in runoff.During the flood season,the runoff volume at the Yichang Station in the scenario with the TGR is lower than in the scenario without the TGR,peaking at 4500 m3/s.Conversely,in the dry season,the runoff volume of the scenario with TGR is higher,with a maximum increase of 1500 m3/s.The region exhibiting the greatest runoff variations is the Yangtze River's main stem in the Three Gorges Reservoir region.Besides,the TGR notably alleviated the water supply-demand imbalance in Chongqing during the winter and spring seasons,with a maximum increase of 0.16 in the supplydemand index.This study can contribute significantly to understanding the natural and social impacts of the TGR from the perspective of hydrological and scenario simulation.展开更多
In this paper,we focus on peaked traveling wave solutions of the modified highly nonlinear Novikov equation by dynamical systems approach.We obtain a traveling wave system which is a singular planar dynamical system w...In this paper,we focus on peaked traveling wave solutions of the modified highly nonlinear Novikov equation by dynamical systems approach.We obtain a traveling wave system which is a singular planar dynamical system with three singular straight lines,and derive all possible phase portraits under corresponding parameter conditions.Then we show the existence and dynamics of two types of peaked traveling wave solutions including peakons and periodic cusp wave solutions.The exact explicit expressions of two peakons are given.Besides,we also derive smooth solitary wave solutions,periodic wave solutions,compacton solutions,and kink-like(antikink-like)solutions.Numerical simulations are further performed to verify the correctness of the results.Most importantly,peakons and periodic cusp wave solutions are newly found for the equation,which extends the previous results.展开更多
Ribosomally synthesized and post-translationally modified peptides(RiPPs)constitute a vast and diverse family of bioactive peptides.These peptides,synthesized by ribosomes and subsequently modified by various tailorin...Ribosomally synthesized and post-translationally modified peptides(RiPPs)constitute a vast and diverse family of bioactive peptides.These peptides,synthesized by ribosomes and subsequently modified by various tailoring enzymes,possess a wide chemical space.Among these modifications,radical S-adenosylmethionine(rSAM)enzymes employ unique radical chemistry to introduce a variety of novel peptide structures,which are crucial for their activity.This review examines the major types of modifications in RiPPs catalyzed by rSAM enzymes,incorporating recent advancements in protein structure analysis techniques and computational methods.Additionally,it elucidates the diverse catalytic mechanisms and substrate selectivity of these enzymes through an analysis of the latest crystal structures.展开更多
The present study monitored bacterial succession,physicochemical properties,and volatile organic compounds(VOCs)changes in smoked chicken legs with modified atmosphere packaging(MAP,60% CO_(2) and 40%N_(2))during a 25...The present study monitored bacterial succession,physicochemical properties,and volatile organic compounds(VOCs)changes in smoked chicken legs with modified atmosphere packaging(MAP,60% CO_(2) and 40%N_(2))during a 25-day storage period at 4℃.After 15 days of storage,S erratia proteamaculans and Pseudomonas fragi became the predominant bacteria.Furthermore,physicochemical properties changed significantly,as evidenced by an increase in thiobarbituric acid reactive substances and b*(yellowness)value,and a decrease in hardness.A total of 65 VOCs were identified during storage.Correlation between bacterial succession and quality indicators(including VOCs and physicochemical properties)allowed the identification of 26 core dominant bacteria,including S.proteamaculans,Psychrobacter alimentarius,Pseudomonas putida,and Pseudomonas poae,which were positively related to spoilage VOCs(e.g.,1-octen-3-ol,1-pentanol,and 3-methyl-1-butanol)and could be defined as specific spoilage organisms(SSOs).The results of this study provide a systematic approach to predict SSOs in smoked chicken legs during storage,which can also provide a basis for product safety.展开更多
BACKGROUND Common bile duct stones pose a high risk of recurrence or disease progression if not promptly treated.However,there is still no optimal treatment approach.AIM To investigate the clinical efficacy of modifie...BACKGROUND Common bile duct stones pose a high risk of recurrence or disease progression if not promptly treated.However,there is still no optimal treatment approach.AIM To investigate the clinical efficacy of modified pancreatic duct stent drainage in endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography(ERCP)for treating common bile duct stones.METHODS This retrospective study included 175 patients with common bile duct stones treated at Taizhou Fourth People’s Hospital between January 1,2021,and November 30,2023.The patients were divided into three groups-the modified pancreatic duct stent drainage group(59 cases),the nasobiliary drainage group(58 cases),and the standard biliary drainage group(58 cases).Preoperative general clinical data,laboratory indicators,and the visual analog scale(VAS)at two time points(24 hours before and after surgery)were compared,along with postoperative complications across the three groups.RESULTS Serum levels of aspartate aminotransferase,alanine aminotransferase,alkaline phosphatase,gamma-glutamyltransferase,total bilirubin,direct bilirubin,Creactive protein,and amylase were significantly lower in the modified pancreatic duct stent drainage group and the standard biliary drainage group than those in the nasobiliary drainage group(P<0.05).However,no statistically significant differences were observed in white blood cells,hemoglobin,or neutrophil levels among the three groups(P>0.05).The standard biliary drainage group had significantly lower VAS scores[(4.36±1.18)points]than those for the modified pancreatic duct stent drainage group[(4.92±1.68)points](P=0.033),and the nasobiliary drainage group[(5.54±1.24)points](P=0.017).There were no statistically significant differences in complication rates across the three groups(P>0.05).CONCLUSION Compared to standard biliary drainage and nasobiliary drainage,the modified pancreatic duct stent used during ERCP for patients with bile duct stones significantly reduced hepatocyte injury,improved liver function parameters,alleviated inflammation and pain,enhanced patient comfort,and demonstrated superior safety.展开更多
Chemotherapy-induced intestinal mucositis(IM)is a prevalent complication affecting up to 80%of cancer patients undergoing treatment.Current therapies focus on symptomatic relief rather than addressing the underlying m...Chemotherapy-induced intestinal mucositis(IM)is a prevalent complication affecting up to 80%of cancer patients undergoing treatment.Current therapies focus on symptomatic relief rather than addressing the underlying mechanism.Recent advances in integrative medicine highlight the potential of traditional Chinese medicine formulations as alternatives or adjuncts to existing therapies.In this context,this editorial discusses the recent results of a study published by Qiu et al,which investigates the multifaceted potential of modified Pulsatilla decoction(PD),a formulation of PD with licorice(Glycyrrhiza uralensis)and Ejiao(Colla corii asini),on 5-fluorouracil-induced IM in mice to alleviate clinical symptoms including diarrhea,weight loss,and intestinal damage.A series of histological,biochemical,bioinformatic,and microbiological assays evaluated body weight,diarrhea scores,inflammatory cytokine profiles,oxidative stress modulation,and microbiota composition.The findings indicated a reduction in diarrhea and oxidative stress,as well as an improvement in body weight and intestinal histopathology.Furthermore,the modified PD suppressed the TLR4/MyD88/nuclear factor kappa-B inflammatory pathway and down-regulated key proinflammatory cytokines.Moreover,the study underscores the role of gut microbiota in IM pathogenesis.Modified PD treatment reshaped microbial diversity by promoting beneficial genera such as Bacteroides acidifaciens while suppressing pathogenic species like Salmonella.These findings suggest that the therapeutic effects of the modified PD extend beyond inflammation modulation to encompass microbiome reprogramming and mucosal barrier repair.Although the study provides significant insights,several limitations still prevail.The broader implications of modified PD in gastrointestinal disorders and integrative oncology need further exploration.展开更多
基金supported by the Transportation Science and Technology Program of Henan Province(grant number:2023-4-2)the Key Research and Development Program of Ningxia Science and Technology Department(grant number:2022BEG02008)+2 种基金China Communications Construction Group Co.,Ltd.Science and Technology R&D Project(grant number:2021KJW02)the Research and Development Program of Henan Transportation Investment Group Co.,Ltd.(grant number:HNJT2025-1-9)the Postdoctoral Fellowship Program of CPSF(grand number:GZC20251139).
文摘The addition of high-content crumb rubber(HCCR)in asphalt can effectively address waste tire pollution and provide sustainable environmental and economic advantages.However,the practical application of conventional rubberized binders is significantly limited by high viscosity and poor storage stability.To address these issues,researchers have pretreated crumb rubber(CR)with oil,but high-temperature performance remains insufficient.Therefore,this study aimed to optimize the viscosity,storage stability,and rheological properties of high-content crumb rubber-modified asphalt(HCCRMA)by varying the pretreatment levels of CR and incorporating various additives,including styrene-butadiene-styrene(SBS),deoiled asphalt(DA),or recycled low-density polyethylene(RLDPE).In addition,CR was pretreated with waste cooking oil(WCO)at various ratios,pre-swelling temperatures,and times.The results show that DA exhibits excellent storage stability and lower viscosity compared with other modifiers in HCCRMA,and the 4%RLDPE with pretreated HCCR has the greatest high-temperature rutting resistance.The inclusion of RLDPE increases the stiffness and elasticity of the modified asphalt,which results in greater high-temperature performance.Additionally,the fluorescence microscopy(FM)test confirms that SBS exhibits better dispersion than other modifiers and forms a more homogeneous phase separation in the HCCRMA.All in all,this research achieved an optimal balance of storage stability and rheological properties in asphalt modified with pretreated HCCR and 6%SBS,which provides a valuable reference for performance improvement of HCCR-modified binders.
基金supported by the start-up funding from Westlake University under Grant Number 041030150118 and the scientific research project of Westlake University“Theoretical Research and Demonstration Application of Complex Systems and Deep-Sea Technology(Phase I)”under Grant Number WU2025A006.
文摘Defining science and demarcating it from pseudoscience are longstanding core issues in the philosophy of science.Hilbert’s traditional axiomatic standards(consistency,completeness,independence)struggle with modern complex systems,while existing demarcation criteria like replicability and Popper’s falsificationism have practical limitations.Analyzing incompatibilities in complex systems,this paper proposes a revised framework:modified Hilbert axiomatic standards(clearly defined concepts,logical consistency,unrefuted axioms)and dynamic demarcation criteria.Abandoning unattainable traditional requirements of completeness and independence,it emphasizes conceptual clarity,openness,and progressiveness,offering an operational,self-consistent basis for judging scientificity.
基金supported by research funds of Jeonbuk National University in 2024 and partly supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea(NRF-2019R1A2C1006441)from the Ministry of Education.
文摘Flubendiamide is a commonly used pesticide with low water solubility and a high organic carbon sorption constant,causing it to adhere to soil particles and negatively impact soil ecosystems.First,chili plant stems,typically discarded after the harvest season,represent an abundant local biomass resource with significant potential for utilization,and were converted into biochar through pyrolysis.Here,we describe the synthesis of biochar modified with iron and chitosan to increase the diversity of functions and surface functional groups of biochar.The resulting chitosan-modified magnetic biochar(CMBC)presents a full range of functional groups of chitosan and iron oxide as shown by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy.The correlation between flubendiamide concentration and the dose of biochar on adsorption was explored.The flubendiamide adsorption efficiency of CMBC(1%mass ratio of soil)reached 68.03%in 90 min.The highest adsorption capacity achieved was 0.95 mg·g^(−1).The flubendiamide adsorption mechanism by CMBC can be described with a pseudo-second-order kinetic model.The experiment data closely fit a Freundlich isotherm model(R^(2)=0.998),and the low residual sum of squares values demonstrate the high model applicability.In this study,we present a comprehensive overview of pesticides,alongside kinetic and isotherm model studies of flubendiamide adsorption by CMBC.We emphasize the potential of modified biochar to enhance environmental remediation applications.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Heilongjiang Province,China (YQ2022C040)。
文摘Oral immunization is an alternative or supplementary approach that can significantly improve dog vaccination coverage,especially for free-roaming dogs.Safe and effective oral rabies vaccines for dogs are still being sought.In our previous studies,we generated a genetically modified rabies virus(RABV) ERA strain,rERAG_(333E),containing a mutation from arginine(Arg,R) to glutamic acid(Glu,E) at residue 333 of the G protein(G_(333E)).Our previous results demonstrated that rERAG_(333E) was safe for adult mice and dogs,and oral vaccination with rERAG_(333E) induced a strong and long-lasting protective immune response in dogs.Here,we further investigated the safety and immunogenicity of rERAG_(333E) in nontarget species,including suckling mice,rhesus monkeys,foxes,raccoon dogs,piglets,goats,and sheep.Suckling mice studies demonstrated that the G_(333E) mutation significantly reduced the virulence of the ERA strain.All of the suckling mice aged 10 days and above survived and showed no apparent signs of disease after intracerebral inoculation with rERAG_(333E).Animal studies demonstrated that rERAG_(333E) was safe in rhesus monkeys,foxes,raccoon dogs,piglets,goats,and sheep.None of those animals inoculated orally with 10 times the intended field dose of rERAG_(333E) showed abnormal clinical signs before and after the booster immunization with Rabvac 3,an inactivated rabies vaccine.Meanwhile,oral inoculation with rERAG_(333E) induced strong neutralizing antibody(NA) responses to RABV in rhesus monkeys,foxes,raccoon dogs,and piglets.These results demonstrated that rERAG_(333E) has the potential to serve as a safe oral rabies vaccine for dogs.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant Nos.11101332,11201371,11371293 the Natural Science Foundation of Shaanxi Province under Grant No.2015JM1037
文摘In this paper, a consistent Riccati expansion method is developed to solve nonlinear fractional partial differential equations involving Jumarie＇s modified Riemann–Liouville derivative. The efficiency and power of this approach are demonstrated by applying it successfully to some important fractional differential equations, namely, the time fractional Burgers, fractional Sawada–Kotera, and fractional coupled mKdV equation. A variety of new exact solutions to these equations under study are constructed.
基金The project supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant Nos.10371070 and 10671121the Foundation of Shanghai Education Committee for Shanghai Prospective Excellent Young Teachers
文摘This paper investigates in detail the dynamics of the modified KdV equation with self-consistent sources, including characteristics of one-soliton, scattering conditions and phase shifts of two solitons, degenerate case of two solitons and ＂ghost＂ solitons, etc. Co-moving coordinate frames are employed in asymptotic analysis.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant Nos.11601247 and 11605096the Natural Science Foundation of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region under Grant Nos.2016MS0115 and 2015MS0116the Innovation Fund Programme of Inner Mongolia University No.201611155
文摘In this paper, we investigate a modified differential-difference KP equation which is shown to have a continuum limit into the m KP equation. It is also shown that the solution of the modified differential-difference KP equation is related to the solution of the differential-difference KP equation through a Miura transformation. We first present the Grammian solution to the modified differential-difference KP equation, and then produce a coupled modified differential-difference KP system by applying the source generation procedure. The explicit N-soliton solution of the resulting coupled modified differential-difference system is expressed in compact forms by using the Grammian determinant and Casorati determinant. We also construct and solve another form of the self-consistent sources extension of the modified differential-difference KP equation, which constitutes a B?cklund transformation for the differentialdifference KP equation with self-consistent sources.
文摘A new model of the modified Newtonian gravity called Compacted & Collapsing Gravity (CCG) is proposed. Similar to the Milgrom’s MOND, it allows explaining the flattening of rotation curve in spiral galaxies, thus eliminates the need for dark matter at this level. However, in contrast to MOND, it puts a distinct limit on effective gravity;thereby constraints the sizes of single galaxies in connection to their masses, which complies with observations. In the bigger than single galaxies structures such as galaxy clusters, CCG rather complements than replaces interpretations of the observational data based on dark matter. Besides, the new model provides a plausible explanation to the hierarchical structure of the universe.
基金the Experimental Technology Research Project of Zhejiang University(SYB202138)National Natural Science Foundation of China(32000195)。
文摘With the approval of more and more genetically modified(GM)crops in our country,GM safety management has become more important.Transgenic detection is a major approach for transgenic safety management.Nevertheless,a convenient and visual technique with low equipment requirements and high sensitivity for the field detection of GM plants is still lacking.On the basis of the existing recombinase polymerase amplification(RPA)technique,we developed a multiplex RPA(multi-RPA)method that can simultaneously detect three transgenic elements,including the cauliflower mosaic virus 35S gene(CaMV35S)promoter,neomycin phosphotransferaseⅡgene(NptⅡ)and hygromycin B phosphotransferase gene(Hyg),thus improving the detection rate.Moreover,we coupled this multi-RPA technique with the CRISPR/Cas12a reporter system,which enabled the detection results to be clearly observed by naked eyes under ultraviolet(UV)light(254 nm;which could be achieved by a portable UV flashlight),therefore establishing a multi-RPA visual detection technique.Compared with the traditional test strip detection method,this multi-RPA-CRISPR/Cas12a technique has the higher specificity,higher sensitivity,wider application range and lower cost.Compared with other polymerase chain reaction(PCR)techniques,it also has the advantages of low equipment requirements and visualization,making it a potentially feasible method for the field detection of GM plants.
文摘Spinal cord injury and treatment opportunities:The adult mammalian spinal cord has a very limited capacity for spontaneous regeneration due to various intrinsic molecular and cellular factors.Although the spinal cord neurons have the capacity to regenerate their axons,the expression of growth inhibitory factors,lack or suppression of proper guidance cues,and profound inflammatory responses do not permit successful regeneration(Khyeam et al.,2021).
基金supported by Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(300102214908)Innovation Capability Support Program of Shaanxi(2022TD-07).
文摘To reduce the temperature diseases of asphalt pavement,improve the service quality of road and extend service life,the research of inorganic powders that reduce the temperature of asphalt pavements was systematically sorted out.The common types,physicochemical properties and application methods of inorganic powders were defined.The road performances of modified asphalt and its mixture were evaluated.The modification mechanism of inorganic powders in asphalt was analyzed.On this basis,the cooling effect and cooling mechanism of inorganic powders was revealed.The results indicate that inorganic powders are classified into hollow,porous,and energy conversion types.The high-temperature performance of inorganic powders modified asphalt and its mixture is significantly improved,while there is no significant change in low-temperature performance and water stability.The average increase in rutting resistance factor(G*/sin(δ))and dynamic stability is 40%–72%and 30%–50%,respectively.The modification mechanism of inorganic powders in asphalt is physical blending.The thermal conductivity of hollow and porous inorganic powders modified asphalt mixture decreases by 30.05%and 43.14%,respectively.The temperature of hollow,porous and energy conversion inorganic powders modified asphalt mixture at 5 cm decreases by 2.3 ℃–3.5 ℃,0.8 ℃–3.7 ℃and 4.1 ℃–4.7℃,respectively.Hollow and porous inorganic powders block heat conduction,while energy conversion inorganic powders achieve cooling through their functional properties.
文摘BACKGROUND At present,the concept of surgical treatment of gastric cancer(GC)has changed from“radical treatment”to“care for patients”to a certain extent.The reconstruction method is the most likely to affect the postoperative life of the patient.Currently,the traditional Roux-en-Y esophagojejunostomy anastomosis is a commonly used method for gastrointestinal reconstruction after total gastrectomy for GC.However,more recent studies have shown that the traditional Roux-en-Y anastomosis is complicated in operation procedure,with more reconstruction steps and longer reconstruction time,and the incidence of postoperative complications such as adhesive intestinal obstruction,internal abdominal hernia and volvulus is high.Moreover,the incidence of Roux stasis syndrome is 10%-30%after traditional Roux-en-Y reconstruction.Thus,we modified the traditional Roux-en-Y alimentary tract reconstruction,and designed a new digestive tract reconstruction method for laparoscopy-assisted Roux-en-Y anastomosis for total gastrectomy of GC.AIM To evaluate the clinical advantages,feasibility,and safety of a modified Roux-en-Y digestive tract reconstruction in laparoscopy-assisted total gastrectomy for the treatment of GC compared with the traditional Roux-en-Y method.METHODS Ninety-seven patients who underwent laparoscopy-assisted D2 radical gastrectomy(total gastrectomy)for GC were divided into two groups:fifty-four in the conventional Roux-en-Y reconstruction group(Orr group)and forty-three in the modified Roux-en-Y reconstruction group(the modified group).Perioperative and short-term outcomes were analyzed,including complications,postoperative weight loss,hemoglobin levels,and nutritional status.RESULTS The Orr group and the modified group showed no statistically significant differences in baseline characteristics.Compared with the Orr group,the modified group had shorter digestive tract reconstruction and operation times,less intraoperative bleeding,and shorter postoperative hospital stays compared to the Orr group.Although both groups had similar amounts of intraoperative blood loss,postoperative recovery times,and hospital expenses,the Orr group experienced longer operation times and digestive tract reconstruction times.Furthermore,the modified Roux-en-Y group demonstrated significantly fewer short-term and long-term complications,with a reduced incidence of reflux esophagitis and improved nutritional status.CONCLUSION The modified Roux-en-Y digestive tract reconstruction method after laparoscopy-assisted total gastrectomy for GC offers safety,simplicity,and a reduction in bile reflux.This method shortens operation times and minimizes postoperative complications,aligns with modern rapid rehabilitation surgery trends and potentially improves patient prognosis and overall survival.This method warrants further clinical application and promotion.
基金Supported by the Universities Key Laboratory of System Modeling and Data Mining in Guizhou Province(Grant No.2023013)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.12161013)the Science and Technology Program of Guizhou Province(Grant No.ZK[2023]025)。
文摘Semenov-Tian-Shansky has given the solution of the modified classical Yang-Baxter equation, which was called the modified r-matrix. Relevant studies have been extensive in recent times. In this paper, we introduce the concept and representations of modified RotaBaxter Hom-Lie algebras. We develop a cohomology of modified Rota-Baxter Hom-Lie algebras with coefficients in a suitable representation. As applications, we study formal deformations and abelian extensions of modified Rota-Baxter Hom-Lie algebras in terms of second cohomology groups.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.41975044,42371354,41801021,42101385)Open Fund of Hubei Luojia Laboratory(No.2201000043)the Fundamental Research Funds for National Universities,China University of Geosciences,Wuhan。
文摘As a crucial human activity,dam construction can profoundly impact the surface hydrology patterns.The Three Gorges Reservoir(TGR),as one of the largest hydraulic engineering projects in the world,has gained continuous attention for its eco-hydrological effects.However,further investigation is necessary to understand the runoff and social impacts of the TGR on the Upper Yangtze River.This study first employed a modified SWAT model to simulate runoff,compared scenarios with and without the TGR,and finally evaluated water supply and demand in the Upper Yangtze River.The results showed a significant increasing trend in the surface water area of the Upper Yangtze River from 2000-2020.The modified SWAT model performs well in simulating the runoff,with Nash-Sutcliffe Efficiency and Percent Bias improved by 0.04-0.30 and 2-31.90,respectively.Scenario simulation results revealed that the TGR reduced seasonal differences in runoff.During the flood season,the runoff volume at the Yichang Station in the scenario with the TGR is lower than in the scenario without the TGR,peaking at 4500 m3/s.Conversely,in the dry season,the runoff volume of the scenario with TGR is higher,with a maximum increase of 1500 m3/s.The region exhibiting the greatest runoff variations is the Yangtze River's main stem in the Three Gorges Reservoir region.Besides,the TGR notably alleviated the water supply-demand imbalance in Chongqing during the winter and spring seasons,with a maximum increase of 0.16 in the supplydemand index.This study can contribute significantly to understanding the natural and social impacts of the TGR from the perspective of hydrological and scenario simulation.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(12071162)the Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province(2021J01302)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(ZQN-802).
文摘In this paper,we focus on peaked traveling wave solutions of the modified highly nonlinear Novikov equation by dynamical systems approach.We obtain a traveling wave system which is a singular planar dynamical system with three singular straight lines,and derive all possible phase portraits under corresponding parameter conditions.Then we show the existence and dynamics of two types of peaked traveling wave solutions including peakons and periodic cusp wave solutions.The exact explicit expressions of two peakons are given.Besides,we also derive smooth solitary wave solutions,periodic wave solutions,compacton solutions,and kink-like(antikink-like)solutions.Numerical simulations are further performed to verify the correctness of the results.Most importantly,peakons and periodic cusp wave solutions are newly found for the equation,which extends the previous results.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2023YFA0916000)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.32371324)the High-level Talent Startup Fund provided by China Pharmaceutical University.
文摘Ribosomally synthesized and post-translationally modified peptides(RiPPs)constitute a vast and diverse family of bioactive peptides.These peptides,synthesized by ribosomes and subsequently modified by various tailoring enzymes,possess a wide chemical space.Among these modifications,radical S-adenosylmethionine(rSAM)enzymes employ unique radical chemistry to introduce a variety of novel peptide structures,which are crucial for their activity.This review examines the major types of modifications in RiPPs catalyzed by rSAM enzymes,incorporating recent advancements in protein structure analysis techniques and computational methods.Additionally,it elucidates the diverse catalytic mechanisms and substrate selectivity of these enzymes through an analysis of the latest crystal structures.
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(U22A20547)the Major Science and Technology Projects of Heilongjiang Province(2021ZX12B05 and 2020ZX07B02)。
文摘The present study monitored bacterial succession,physicochemical properties,and volatile organic compounds(VOCs)changes in smoked chicken legs with modified atmosphere packaging(MAP,60% CO_(2) and 40%N_(2))during a 25-day storage period at 4℃.After 15 days of storage,S erratia proteamaculans and Pseudomonas fragi became the predominant bacteria.Furthermore,physicochemical properties changed significantly,as evidenced by an increase in thiobarbituric acid reactive substances and b*(yellowness)value,and a decrease in hardness.A total of 65 VOCs were identified during storage.Correlation between bacterial succession and quality indicators(including VOCs and physicochemical properties)allowed the identification of 26 core dominant bacteria,including S.proteamaculans,Psychrobacter alimentarius,Pseudomonas putida,and Pseudomonas poae,which were positively related to spoilage VOCs(e.g.,1-octen-3-ol,1-pentanol,and 3-methyl-1-butanol)and could be defined as specific spoilage organisms(SSOs).The results of this study provide a systematic approach to predict SSOs in smoked chicken legs during storage,which can also provide a basis for product safety.
文摘BACKGROUND Common bile duct stones pose a high risk of recurrence or disease progression if not promptly treated.However,there is still no optimal treatment approach.AIM To investigate the clinical efficacy of modified pancreatic duct stent drainage in endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography(ERCP)for treating common bile duct stones.METHODS This retrospective study included 175 patients with common bile duct stones treated at Taizhou Fourth People’s Hospital between January 1,2021,and November 30,2023.The patients were divided into three groups-the modified pancreatic duct stent drainage group(59 cases),the nasobiliary drainage group(58 cases),and the standard biliary drainage group(58 cases).Preoperative general clinical data,laboratory indicators,and the visual analog scale(VAS)at two time points(24 hours before and after surgery)were compared,along with postoperative complications across the three groups.RESULTS Serum levels of aspartate aminotransferase,alanine aminotransferase,alkaline phosphatase,gamma-glutamyltransferase,total bilirubin,direct bilirubin,Creactive protein,and amylase were significantly lower in the modified pancreatic duct stent drainage group and the standard biliary drainage group than those in the nasobiliary drainage group(P<0.05).However,no statistically significant differences were observed in white blood cells,hemoglobin,or neutrophil levels among the three groups(P>0.05).The standard biliary drainage group had significantly lower VAS scores[(4.36±1.18)points]than those for the modified pancreatic duct stent drainage group[(4.92±1.68)points](P=0.033),and the nasobiliary drainage group[(5.54±1.24)points](P=0.017).There were no statistically significant differences in complication rates across the three groups(P>0.05).CONCLUSION Compared to standard biliary drainage and nasobiliary drainage,the modified pancreatic duct stent used during ERCP for patients with bile duct stones significantly reduced hepatocyte injury,improved liver function parameters,alleviated inflammation and pain,enhanced patient comfort,and demonstrated superior safety.
文摘Chemotherapy-induced intestinal mucositis(IM)is a prevalent complication affecting up to 80%of cancer patients undergoing treatment.Current therapies focus on symptomatic relief rather than addressing the underlying mechanism.Recent advances in integrative medicine highlight the potential of traditional Chinese medicine formulations as alternatives or adjuncts to existing therapies.In this context,this editorial discusses the recent results of a study published by Qiu et al,which investigates the multifaceted potential of modified Pulsatilla decoction(PD),a formulation of PD with licorice(Glycyrrhiza uralensis)and Ejiao(Colla corii asini),on 5-fluorouracil-induced IM in mice to alleviate clinical symptoms including diarrhea,weight loss,and intestinal damage.A series of histological,biochemical,bioinformatic,and microbiological assays evaluated body weight,diarrhea scores,inflammatory cytokine profiles,oxidative stress modulation,and microbiota composition.The findings indicated a reduction in diarrhea and oxidative stress,as well as an improvement in body weight and intestinal histopathology.Furthermore,the modified PD suppressed the TLR4/MyD88/nuclear factor kappa-B inflammatory pathway and down-regulated key proinflammatory cytokines.Moreover,the study underscores the role of gut microbiota in IM pathogenesis.Modified PD treatment reshaped microbial diversity by promoting beneficial genera such as Bacteroides acidifaciens while suppressing pathogenic species like Salmonella.These findings suggest that the therapeutic effects of the modified PD extend beyond inflammation modulation to encompass microbiome reprogramming and mucosal barrier repair.Although the study provides significant insights,several limitations still prevail.The broader implications of modified PD in gastrointestinal disorders and integrative oncology need further exploration.
