Through analyzing problems in the planning of green space system in cities of China,strategies for constructing urban green space system are put forward based on the requirements of conservation-oriented landscape.
The rapid urbanization has significantly accelerated the expansion of cities and led to a notable increase in urban land surface temperature(LST).Currently,most studies mainly examine the effects of two-dimensional(2D...The rapid urbanization has significantly accelerated the expansion of cities and led to a notable increase in urban land surface temperature(LST).Currently,most studies mainly examine the effects of two-dimensional(2D)landscape patterns on LST variations,and research investigating the relationship between three-dimensional(3D)urban landscape patterns and LST remains relatively scarce.Therefore,this study utilizes partial correlation analysis and piecewise linear regression to systematically investigate the impacts of gray landscape indicators on LST variations under both 2D and 3D urban patterns,aiming to elucidate the complex relationship between 3D urban landscape patterns and LST dynamics.The results demonstrate that specific 3D building characteristics,particularly the area of low-rise buildings,building aggregation degree,shape complexity,and patch density of mid-rise buildings,serve as effective indicators of urban thermal environment risk.The analysis reveals that increased area-related indicators for low-rise buildings significantly exacerbate the LST rise,whereas modifications to the landscape shape of middle and high-rise buildings contribute to thermal mitigation.Additionally,when gray landscape aggregation exceeds 80%,the spatial concentration of mid-rise buildings exhibits a pronounced positive effect on moderating urban LST.These findings elucidate the mechanisms through which 3D landscape patterns influence urban thermal risks in Beijing,advancing the understanding of urban landscape-ecological processes interactions and providing crucial scientific support for landscape optimization and urban thermal environment risk mitigation strategies.展开更多
Urban forests are essential components of green infrastructure,however,rapid urbanization-induced changes in landscape patterns may affect their ecosystem services through complex ecological processes.A total of 184 s...Urban forests are essential components of green infrastructure,however,rapid urbanization-induced changes in landscape patterns may affect their ecosystem services through complex ecological processes.A total of 184 sample plots in the built-up areas of Nanchang,China,were used as research sites.Urbanization intensities were categorized by the rate of impervious surface area,and forest types were classified into landscape and relaxation forest,attached forest(AF),road forest(RF),and ecological public welfare forest.This study aimed to explore the spatial variations in vegetation characteristics and landscape pattern indices of different forest types under rapid urbanization.The results indicated that the largest patch index(LPI),aggregation index(AI),and percentage of landscape(PLAND)in RF and AF were lower than those in the other forest types(p<0.05).With increasing urbanization intensity,the mean perimeter-area ratio increased by 130.84%,whereas the PLAND,LPI,and AI decreased by 22−86%(p<0.05).Redundancy analysis and variation partitioning suggested that the interpretation rate of landscape pattern indices for variations in vegetation characteristics increased from low to heavy urbanization areas.Especially,the landscape shape index,patch connection index,PLAND,and mean patch size were significantly correlated with vegetation characteristics(e.g.,tree richness,herb coverage,and tree height).In the future,appropriate landscape layout superiority cases should be considered in different urbanization areas and forest types;for instance,increasing the patch connection index will beneficially improve the diversity of trees and herbs in heavy urbanization areas and the RF.This study serves as a reference for maximizing the ecosystem services of urban forests.展开更多
Land-use change and associated landscape pattern modifications are key drivers of biodiversity dynamics.However,the influence of landscape heterogeneity on soil microbial diversity remains poorly understood.This study...Land-use change and associated landscape pattern modifications are key drivers of biodiversity dynamics.However,the influence of landscape heterogeneity on soil microbial diversity remains poorly understood.This study analyzed soil microbial communities(bacteria and fungi)and soil properties(organic carbon,pH,available potassium,nitrogen,and phosphorus)across 74 sites in Hainan,China,covering six land-use types(rubber,areca,banana,farmland,longan,and mango).We evaluated the effects of both landscape composition(habitat coverage and patch richness)and configuration heterogeneity(patch density and largest patch index)on soil microbial community structure and diversity.Results show that land-use types and landscape patterns weakly affect microbial composition but strongly shape diversity in a taxon-specific way.Bacterial Chao1 richness and fungal Shannon diversity varied significantly among land-use types,mainly due to soil available phosphorus.Rubber coverage positively correlated with bacterial and fungal diversity,while the largest patch index negatively affected only fungal diversity.Available phosphorus reduced this negative effect.This study demonstrates that land-use change and landscape heterogeneity differentially influence soil microbial composition and diversity,with available phosphorus emerging as a key determinant.Our findings highlight the need for careful landscape planning and soil nutrient management to preserve soil microbial diversity.展开更多
With the rapid development of image-generative AI (artificial intelligence) technology, its application in undergraduate Landscape Architecture education has demonstrated significant potential. Based on this, the pres...With the rapid development of image-generative AI (artificial intelligence) technology, its application in undergraduate Landscape Architecture education has demonstrated significant potential. Based on this, the present study explores the implications of integrating image-generative AI into Landscape Architecture courses from three perspectives: stimulating students creative design potential, expanding approaches to form and concept generation, and enhancing the visualization of spatial scenes. Furthermore, it discusses application strategies from three dimensions: AI-assisted conceptual generation, human-machine collaboration for design refinement, and optimization of scheme presentation and evaluation. This paper aims to provide relevant educators with insights and references.展开更多
The rapidly aging population directly contributes to the increasing cases of neurological disorders.Due to the chronic progressive nature of neurodegeneration,numerous neurological conditions are considered“multifact...The rapidly aging population directly contributes to the increasing cases of neurological disorders.Due to the chronic progressive nature of neurodegeneration,numerous neurological conditions are considered“multifactorial”with systemic metabolic alterations.Even so,treatments for neurological disorders have remained unchanged for the past decades.Recently,metabolic drugs such as metformin and glucagon-like peptide 1 agonists have demonstrated promising health outcomes for neurodegeneration.展开更多
Floodplain wetlands are invaluable ecosystems providing numerous ecological benefits,yet they face a global crisis necessitating sustainable preservation efforts.This study examines the depletion of floodplain wetland...Floodplain wetlands are invaluable ecosystems providing numerous ecological benefits,yet they face a global crisis necessitating sustainable preservation efforts.This study examines the depletion of floodplain wetlands within the Hastinapur Wildlife Sanctuary(HWLS)in Uttar Pradesh.Encroachment activities such as grazing,agriculture,and human settlements have fragmented and degraded critical wetland ecosystems.Additionally,irrigation projects,dam construction,and water diversion have disrupted natural water flow and availability.To assess wetland inundation in 2023,five classification techniques were employed:Random Forest(RF),Support Vector Machine(SVM),artificial neural network(ANN),Spectral Information Divergence(SID),and Maximum Likelihood Classifier(MLC).SVM emerged as the most precise method,as determined by kappa coefficient and index-based validation.Consequently,the SVM classifier was used to model wetland inundation areas from 1983 to 2023 and analyze spatiotemporal changes and fragmentation patterns.The findings revealed that the SVM clas-sifier accurately mapped 2023 wetland areas.The modeled time-series data demonstrated a 62.55%and 38.12%reduction in inundated wetland areas over the past 40 years in the pre-and post-monsoon periods,respectively.Fragmentation analysis indicated an 86.27%decrease in large core wetland areas in the pre-monsoon period,signifying severe habitat degradation.This rapid decline in wetlands within protected areas raises concerns about their ecological impacts.By linking wetland loss to global sustainability objectives,this study underscores the global urgency for strengthened wetland protection measures and highlights the need for integrating wetland conservation into broader sustainable development goals.Effective policies and adaptive management strategies are crucial for preserving these ecosystems and their vital services,which are essential for biodiversity,climate regulation,and human well-being.展开更多
In the quiet town of De Aar,Sipho Dube often looks up at the towering 80-metre structures and their 42-metre blades,which seem to brush the clouds.To many,they are just a wind farm,but to Dube,they represent a lifeli...In the quiet town of De Aar,Sipho Dube often looks up at the towering 80-metre structures and their 42-metre blades,which seem to brush the clouds.To many,they are just a wind farm,but to Dube,they represent a lifeline.“I once struggled to find work after studying to become an electrician.I will always be grateful that CHN Energy Longyuan Power South Africa Branch offered me not just a job but a future,”Dube told ChinAfrica.展开更多
Human-modified landscapes serve as ecological filters,determining species distributions and persistence.Energy-efficient technologies,while crucial for climate change mitigation,represent novel filters whose impacts o...Human-modified landscapes serve as ecological filters,determining species distributions and persistence.Energy-efficient technologies,while crucial for climate change mitigation,represent novel filters whose impacts on synanthropic biodiversity are poorly understood.We investigated how attached sunspaces,a widely adopted energy-saving technology in rural China,filter the distribution of two ecologically important aerial insectivores,the Barn Swallow(Hirundo rustica)and Red-rumped Swallow(Cecropis daurica).We surveyed 106 villages during the 2024 and 2025 breeding seasons and recorded a total of 2323 nests(612 Barn Swallow,1711 Red-rumped Swallow).Using Generalized Linear Models,we assessed their responses to building characteristics,landscape composition and the prevalence of sunspaces.Barn Swallow nests preferred perches at the base and single attachment faces,while Red-rumped Swallow nests favored multiple attachment faces and avoided long shelters.The proportion of buildings with sunspaces acted as a strong positive filter for Barn Swallow nest abundance(+24%)but as a significant negative filter for Red-rumped Swallow(-51%).Other landscape variables(e.g.,human population density,NDVI,Human Footprint Index)were not significant.This study demonstrates that specific architectural innovations can act as powerful ecological filters,leading to divergent distributional outcomes for sympatric species reliant on anthropogenic structures.Our findings reveal a critical trade-off in sustainable development:energy efficiency gains may inadvertently reduce habitat suitability for certain species.To reconcile climate and biodiversity goals in rural landscapes,we advocate integrating species-specific habitat requirements into building design.We propose actionable modifications to sunspaces to support swallows without compromising energy savings.These principles provide a template for mitigating the distributional impacts of green infrastructure globally.展开更多
Under the influence of human activities,landscape fragmentation in the Wei River Basin(WRB)has become increasingly severe.Upstream development has intensified soil erosion,and industrial and agricultural pollution in ...Under the influence of human activities,landscape fragmentation in the Wei River Basin(WRB)has become increasingly severe.Upstream development has intensified soil erosion,and industrial and agricultural pollution in the middle reaches has degraded water quality.Rapid urbanization has further caused habitat fragmentation and biodiversity loss.Collectively,these challenges threaten human well-being and hinder sustainable development,making the construction and optimization of an ecological security pattern(ESP)urgently necessary.However,existing studies often fail to systematically integrate future landscape ecological risk(LER)assessment with ESP optimization.This study evaluated regional LER using the“ecological patches-ecological resistance surface(ERS)-ecological corridor”framework,combined with land-use predictions under three development scenarios,and optimized the ESP by adjusting the ERS and extracting ecological corridors.The results indicate that the LER in the WRB follows an“inverted N”distribution,with low-risk areas concentrated in forested mountain regions and high-risk areas mainly in cultivated land subject to intensive human activity.Across future scenarios,ESPs showed fewer ecological breakpoints and improved landscape connectivity than the 2020 baseline.Scenario-based differences emerged in the spatial configuration of ERS adjustments,with the ecological protection scenario yielding the lowest LER and most favorable ESP.This study demonstrates the deep integration of multi-scenario simulation with LER assessment,providing a new framework for ESP optimization.The findings have guiding significance for ecological protection and coordinated development in the WRB and offer a novel paradigm for sustainable development in ecologically fragile basins worldwide.展开更多
“Every minute counts in the fight against poverty,”Li Wenhui,a National People’s Congress deputy and governor of Nujiang Lisu Autonomous Prefecture in Yunnan Province,said in an interview with China Today on the si...“Every minute counts in the fight against poverty,”Li Wenhui,a National People’s Congress deputy and governor of Nujiang Lisu Autonomous Prefecture in Yunnan Province,said in an interview with China Today on the sidelines of the Two Sessions in 2019,when poverty alleviation was at its most intense stage.By 2021,after the battle against poverty had been won,he had shifted his focus.“Every moment presents opportunities for development,”he told China Today in another interview.This year marks the start of the 15th Five-Year Plan,and it is also the first year after the transition period linking poverty alleviation with rural revitalisation.In his third interview with China Today,while the pace of his speech remained unchanged,it carried a new calmness and a broader vision.展开更多
The intrinsic pressure framework,which treats self-propelling force as an external force,provides a convenient and consistent description of mechanical equilibrium in active matter.However,direct experimental evidence...The intrinsic pressure framework,which treats self-propelling force as an external force,provides a convenient and consistent description of mechanical equilibrium in active matter.However,direct experimental evidence is still lacking.To validate this framework,here we employ a programmable robotic platform,where a single light-controlled wheeled robot travels in an activity landscape.Our experiments quantitatively demonstrate that the intrinsic pressure difference across the activity interface is balanced by the emerged polarization force.This result unambiguously confirms the theoretical predictions,thus validating the intrinsic pressure framework and laying the experimental foundation for the intrinsic pressure-based mechanical description of dry active matter.展开更多
The annual meetings of the 14th National People’s Congress(NPC)and the 14th National Committee of the Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference(CPPCC),known as the Two Sessions,were held in Beijing in March...The annual meetings of the 14th National People’s Congress(NPC)and the 14th National Committee of the Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference(CPPCC),known as the Two Sessions,were held in Beijing in March.Thousands of NPC deputies and CPPCC National Committee members from different regions and walks of life discussed national policies,economic plans and developmental goals.展开更多
Oral squamous cell carcinoma(OSCC)is the most common manifestation of oral cancer.It has been proposed that periodontal pathogens contribute to OSCC progression,mainly by their virulence factors.However,the main perio...Oral squamous cell carcinoma(OSCC)is the most common manifestation of oral cancer.It has been proposed that periodontal pathogens contribute to OSCC progression,mainly by their virulence factors.However,the main periodontal pathogen and its mechanism to modulate OSCC cells remains not fully understood.In this study we investigate the main host-pathogen pathways in OSCC by computational proteomics and the mechanism behind cancer progression by the oral microbiome.The main hostpathogen pathways were analyzed in the secretome of biopsies from patients with OSCC and healthy controls by mass spectrometry.Then,functional assays were performed to evaluate the host-pathogen pathways highlighted in oral cancer.Host proteins associated with LPS response,cell migration/adhesion,and metabolism of amino acids were significantly upregulated in the human cancer proteome,whereas the complement cascade was downregulated in malignant samples.Then,the microbiome analysis revealed large number and variety of peptides from Fusobacterium nucleatum(F.nucleatum)in OSCC samples,from which several enzymes from the L-glutamate degradation pathway were found,indicating that L-glutamate from cancer cells is used as an energy source,and catabolized into butyrate by the bacteria.In fact,we observed that F.nucleatum modulates the cystine/glutamate antiporter in an OSCC cell line by increasing SLC7A11 expression,promoting L-glutamate efflux and favoring bacterial infection.Finally,our results showed that F.nucleatum and its metabolic derivates promote tumor spheroids growth,spheroidsderived cell detachment,epithelial-mesenchymal transition and Galectin-9 upregulation.Altogether,F.nucleatum promotes protumoral mechanism in oral cancer.展开更多
With the progress of urbanization,urban landscape design has garnered increasing attention.Urban landscape design can not only reflect the construction level of a city but also has the functions of beautifying the urb...With the progress of urbanization,urban landscape design has garnered increasing attention.Urban landscape design can not only reflect the construction level of a city but also has the functions of beautifying the urban environment and enhancing the city image.Modern art enriches the expression forms of urban landscape design,and its integration with urban landscape design can greatly improve the urban landscape.This article elaborated on the connotations of modern art and urban landscape design and analyzed the application of modern art in urban landscape design.The application of modern art can help to achieve the goal of urban landscape design to the maximum extent.展开更多
Since the reform and opening up,the development approach targeting urban economic growth has led to a sharp increase in the proportion of impervious hardened surfaces in cities and significant waste of natural resourc...Since the reform and opening up,the development approach targeting urban economic growth has led to a sharp increase in the proportion of impervious hardened surfaces in cities and significant waste of natural resources.The urgent need for water ecological civilization construction is of great significance to the continuation of human civilization in the long run.This paper focuses on the urban waterfront landscape design of the Chongqing Institute of Engineering section of the Huaxi River in Banan District,emphasizing the concept of“symbiosis”.Using site cultural symbols as a medium to connect the campus and the city on both sides of the river,returning the riverbank to the people,restoring the ecological space of the riverfront,enriching the landscape belt,promoting the protection of bird and fish habitats,and stimulating the vitality of the riverbank space;it aims to pave the way for ecological restoration,functional expansion,landscape renewal,and riverfront space activation at the study site.展开更多
In the context of rural revitalization,the landscape design of public spaces in Enshi Xiaomaopoying Village presents both new opportunities and challenges.This study explores the significance of integrating regional c...In the context of rural revitalization,the landscape design of public spaces in Enshi Xiaomaopoying Village presents both new opportunities and challenges.This study explores the significance of integrating regional culture into rural public spaces.Field research has been conducted to assess the current utilization of regional culture in the public spaces of Xiaomaopoying Village.Subsequently,design optimization strategies are analyzed and proposed.Additionally,the practical application of regional cultural elements is examined,in order to offer guidance for the application of cultural creation of traditional characteristic villages in rural public spaces.展开更多
In recent years,rapid urbanization has had a profound impact on landscape stability.As a typical example of China's rapid urbanization,Hangzhou has also experienced significant landscape changes,which have profoun...In recent years,rapid urbanization has had a profound impact on landscape stability.As a typical example of China's rapid urbanization,Hangzhou has also experienced significant landscape changes,which have profoundly affected its ecological stability.Taking Hangzhou as an example,this study integrates land use change data from 1980 to 2020,combines dynamic simulation and ecological modeling techniques,and carries out a comprehensive analysis of historical trends and future predictions,to provide valuable insights into the complex interactions between urban expansion and landscape stability.The results indicate that:1)between 1980 and2020,Hangzhou experienced a significant increase in construction land at the expense of arable land,leading to a gradual decline in landscape stability,though the downward trend has slowed in recent years.2)The spatial distribution of landscape stability shows clear aggregation patterns,with lower stability concentrated in economically active flatlands and higher stability in the mountainous western regions.3)By 2040,further urban expansion is predicted to occur alongside increased landscape integration,reflecting the positive effects of ecological protection strategies.This study highlights the universal challenges of balancing economic growth with ecological stability in rapidly urbanizing regions.The combination of advanced simulation models and spatiotemporal analysis demonstrates a replicable framework for assessing urban expansion's ecological impacts.These findings underscore the importance of tailoring urban planning and ecological policies to address regional disparities,providing valuable insights for sustainable urban development and landscape management globally.展开更多
文摘Through analyzing problems in the planning of green space system in cities of China,strategies for constructing urban green space system are put forward based on the requirements of conservation-oriented landscape.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China[grant number 2024YFF1306200]the National Natural Science Foundation of China[grant number 42171318].
文摘The rapid urbanization has significantly accelerated the expansion of cities and led to a notable increase in urban land surface temperature(LST).Currently,most studies mainly examine the effects of two-dimensional(2D)landscape patterns on LST variations,and research investigating the relationship between three-dimensional(3D)urban landscape patterns and LST remains relatively scarce.Therefore,this study utilizes partial correlation analysis and piecewise linear regression to systematically investigate the impacts of gray landscape indicators on LST variations under both 2D and 3D urban patterns,aiming to elucidate the complex relationship between 3D urban landscape patterns and LST dynamics.The results demonstrate that specific 3D building characteristics,particularly the area of low-rise buildings,building aggregation degree,shape complexity,and patch density of mid-rise buildings,serve as effective indicators of urban thermal environment risk.The analysis reveals that increased area-related indicators for low-rise buildings significantly exacerbate the LST rise,whereas modifications to the landscape shape of middle and high-rise buildings contribute to thermal mitigation.Additionally,when gray landscape aggregation exceeds 80%,the spatial concentration of mid-rise buildings exhibits a pronounced positive effect on moderating urban LST.These findings elucidate the mechanisms through which 3D landscape patterns influence urban thermal risks in Beijing,advancing the understanding of urban landscape-ecological processes interactions and providing crucial scientific support for landscape optimization and urban thermal environment risk mitigation strategies.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32460380,42007042)State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture(SKLSSKF2023-06)+2 种基金Natural Science Foundation of Jiangxi Province(20242BAB25389)National Undergraduate Innovation and Entrepreneurship Training Program(202410410029X)Jiangxi Province Graduate Student Innovation Special Fund Project(YC2024-S330).
文摘Urban forests are essential components of green infrastructure,however,rapid urbanization-induced changes in landscape patterns may affect their ecosystem services through complex ecological processes.A total of 184 sample plots in the built-up areas of Nanchang,China,were used as research sites.Urbanization intensities were categorized by the rate of impervious surface area,and forest types were classified into landscape and relaxation forest,attached forest(AF),road forest(RF),and ecological public welfare forest.This study aimed to explore the spatial variations in vegetation characteristics and landscape pattern indices of different forest types under rapid urbanization.The results indicated that the largest patch index(LPI),aggregation index(AI),and percentage of landscape(PLAND)in RF and AF were lower than those in the other forest types(p<0.05).With increasing urbanization intensity,the mean perimeter-area ratio increased by 130.84%,whereas the PLAND,LPI,and AI decreased by 22−86%(p<0.05).Redundancy analysis and variation partitioning suggested that the interpretation rate of landscape pattern indices for variations in vegetation characteristics increased from low to heavy urbanization areas.Especially,the landscape shape index,patch connection index,PLAND,and mean patch size were significantly correlated with vegetation characteristics(e.g.,tree richness,herb coverage,and tree height).In the future,appropriate landscape layout superiority cases should be considered in different urbanization areas and forest types;for instance,increasing the patch connection index will beneficially improve the diversity of trees and herbs in heavy urbanization areas and the RF.This study serves as a reference for maximizing the ecosystem services of urban forests.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(grant no.U23A2016 and 42101094).
文摘Land-use change and associated landscape pattern modifications are key drivers of biodiversity dynamics.However,the influence of landscape heterogeneity on soil microbial diversity remains poorly understood.This study analyzed soil microbial communities(bacteria and fungi)and soil properties(organic carbon,pH,available potassium,nitrogen,and phosphorus)across 74 sites in Hainan,China,covering six land-use types(rubber,areca,banana,farmland,longan,and mango).We evaluated the effects of both landscape composition(habitat coverage and patch richness)and configuration heterogeneity(patch density and largest patch index)on soil microbial community structure and diversity.Results show that land-use types and landscape patterns weakly affect microbial composition but strongly shape diversity in a taxon-specific way.Bacterial Chao1 richness and fungal Shannon diversity varied significantly among land-use types,mainly due to soil available phosphorus.Rubber coverage positively correlated with bacterial and fungal diversity,while the largest patch index negatively affected only fungal diversity.Available phosphorus reduced this negative effect.This study demonstrates that land-use change and landscape heterogeneity differentially influence soil microbial composition and diversity,with available phosphorus emerging as a key determinant.Our findings highlight the need for careful landscape planning and soil nutrient management to preserve soil microbial diversity.
基金Supported by Applied Brand Course of Mianyang Teacher's College(Investigation and Monitoring of Natural Resources).
文摘With the rapid development of image-generative AI (artificial intelligence) technology, its application in undergraduate Landscape Architecture education has demonstrated significant potential. Based on this, the present study explores the implications of integrating image-generative AI into Landscape Architecture courses from three perspectives: stimulating students creative design potential, expanding approaches to form and concept generation, and enhancing the visualization of spatial scenes. Furthermore, it discusses application strategies from three dimensions: AI-assisted conceptual generation, human-machine collaboration for design refinement, and optimization of scheme presentation and evaluation. This paper aims to provide relevant educators with insights and references.
文摘The rapidly aging population directly contributes to the increasing cases of neurological disorders.Due to the chronic progressive nature of neurodegeneration,numerous neurological conditions are considered“multifactorial”with systemic metabolic alterations.Even so,treatments for neurological disorders have remained unchanged for the past decades.Recently,metabolic drugs such as metformin and glucagon-like peptide 1 agonists have demonstrated promising health outcomes for neurodegeneration.
基金support through the“Trans-Disciplinary Research”Grant(No.R/Dev/IoE/TDRProjects/2023-24/61658),which played a crucial role in enabling this research endeavor.
文摘Floodplain wetlands are invaluable ecosystems providing numerous ecological benefits,yet they face a global crisis necessitating sustainable preservation efforts.This study examines the depletion of floodplain wetlands within the Hastinapur Wildlife Sanctuary(HWLS)in Uttar Pradesh.Encroachment activities such as grazing,agriculture,and human settlements have fragmented and degraded critical wetland ecosystems.Additionally,irrigation projects,dam construction,and water diversion have disrupted natural water flow and availability.To assess wetland inundation in 2023,five classification techniques were employed:Random Forest(RF),Support Vector Machine(SVM),artificial neural network(ANN),Spectral Information Divergence(SID),and Maximum Likelihood Classifier(MLC).SVM emerged as the most precise method,as determined by kappa coefficient and index-based validation.Consequently,the SVM classifier was used to model wetland inundation areas from 1983 to 2023 and analyze spatiotemporal changes and fragmentation patterns.The findings revealed that the SVM clas-sifier accurately mapped 2023 wetland areas.The modeled time-series data demonstrated a 62.55%and 38.12%reduction in inundated wetland areas over the past 40 years in the pre-and post-monsoon periods,respectively.Fragmentation analysis indicated an 86.27%decrease in large core wetland areas in the pre-monsoon period,signifying severe habitat degradation.This rapid decline in wetlands within protected areas raises concerns about their ecological impacts.By linking wetland loss to global sustainability objectives,this study underscores the global urgency for strengthened wetland protection measures and highlights the need for integrating wetland conservation into broader sustainable development goals.Effective policies and adaptive management strategies are crucial for preserving these ecosystems and their vital services,which are essential for biodiversity,climate regulation,and human well-being.
文摘In the quiet town of De Aar,Sipho Dube often looks up at the towering 80-metre structures and their 42-metre blades,which seem to brush the clouds.To many,they are just a wind farm,but to Dube,they represent a lifeline.“I once struggled to find work after studying to become an electrician.I will always be grateful that CHN Energy Longyuan Power South Africa Branch offered me not just a job but a future,”Dube told ChinAfrica.
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.32201304)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(2412022QD026)。
文摘Human-modified landscapes serve as ecological filters,determining species distributions and persistence.Energy-efficient technologies,while crucial for climate change mitigation,represent novel filters whose impacts on synanthropic biodiversity are poorly understood.We investigated how attached sunspaces,a widely adopted energy-saving technology in rural China,filter the distribution of two ecologically important aerial insectivores,the Barn Swallow(Hirundo rustica)and Red-rumped Swallow(Cecropis daurica).We surveyed 106 villages during the 2024 and 2025 breeding seasons and recorded a total of 2323 nests(612 Barn Swallow,1711 Red-rumped Swallow).Using Generalized Linear Models,we assessed their responses to building characteristics,landscape composition and the prevalence of sunspaces.Barn Swallow nests preferred perches at the base and single attachment faces,while Red-rumped Swallow nests favored multiple attachment faces and avoided long shelters.The proportion of buildings with sunspaces acted as a strong positive filter for Barn Swallow nest abundance(+24%)but as a significant negative filter for Red-rumped Swallow(-51%).Other landscape variables(e.g.,human population density,NDVI,Human Footprint Index)were not significant.This study demonstrates that specific architectural innovations can act as powerful ecological filters,leading to divergent distributional outcomes for sympatric species reliant on anthropogenic structures.Our findings reveal a critical trade-off in sustainable development:energy efficiency gains may inadvertently reduce habitat suitability for certain species.To reconcile climate and biodiversity goals in rural landscapes,we advocate integrating species-specific habitat requirements into building design.We propose actionable modifications to sunspaces to support swallows without compromising energy savings.These principles provide a template for mitigating the distributional impacts of green infrastructure globally.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China[Grant No.42361040].
文摘Under the influence of human activities,landscape fragmentation in the Wei River Basin(WRB)has become increasingly severe.Upstream development has intensified soil erosion,and industrial and agricultural pollution in the middle reaches has degraded water quality.Rapid urbanization has further caused habitat fragmentation and biodiversity loss.Collectively,these challenges threaten human well-being and hinder sustainable development,making the construction and optimization of an ecological security pattern(ESP)urgently necessary.However,existing studies often fail to systematically integrate future landscape ecological risk(LER)assessment with ESP optimization.This study evaluated regional LER using the“ecological patches-ecological resistance surface(ERS)-ecological corridor”framework,combined with land-use predictions under three development scenarios,and optimized the ESP by adjusting the ERS and extracting ecological corridors.The results indicate that the LER in the WRB follows an“inverted N”distribution,with low-risk areas concentrated in forested mountain regions and high-risk areas mainly in cultivated land subject to intensive human activity.Across future scenarios,ESPs showed fewer ecological breakpoints and improved landscape connectivity than the 2020 baseline.Scenario-based differences emerged in the spatial configuration of ERS adjustments,with the ecological protection scenario yielding the lowest LER and most favorable ESP.This study demonstrates the deep integration of multi-scenario simulation with LER assessment,providing a new framework for ESP optimization.The findings have guiding significance for ecological protection and coordinated development in the WRB and offer a novel paradigm for sustainable development in ecologically fragile basins worldwide.
文摘“Every minute counts in the fight against poverty,”Li Wenhui,a National People’s Congress deputy and governor of Nujiang Lisu Autonomous Prefecture in Yunnan Province,said in an interview with China Today on the sidelines of the Two Sessions in 2019,when poverty alleviation was at its most intense stage.By 2021,after the battle against poverty had been won,he had shifted his focus.“Every moment presents opportunities for development,”he told China Today in another interview.This year marks the start of the 15th Five-Year Plan,and it is also the first year after the transition period linking poverty alleviation with rural revitalisation.In his third interview with China Today,while the pace of his speech remained unchanged,it carried a new calmness and a broader vision.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos.T2325027,12274448,T2350007,12404239,12174041,12325405,12090054,and T2221001)the National Key R&D Program of China (Grant No.2022YFF0503504)。
文摘The intrinsic pressure framework,which treats self-propelling force as an external force,provides a convenient and consistent description of mechanical equilibrium in active matter.However,direct experimental evidence is still lacking.To validate this framework,here we employ a programmable robotic platform,where a single light-controlled wheeled robot travels in an activity landscape.Our experiments quantitatively demonstrate that the intrinsic pressure difference across the activity interface is balanced by the emerged polarization force.This result unambiguously confirms the theoretical predictions,thus validating the intrinsic pressure framework and laying the experimental foundation for the intrinsic pressure-based mechanical description of dry active matter.
文摘The annual meetings of the 14th National People’s Congress(NPC)and the 14th National Committee of the Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference(CPPCC),known as the Two Sessions,were held in Beijing in March.Thousands of NPC deputies and CPPCC National Committee members from different regions and walks of life discussed national policies,economic plans and developmental goals.
基金supported by Agencia Nacional de Investigación y Desarrollo(ANID),Chilean Government Fondecyt Regular 1211480supported by a Master ANID Scholarship+1 种基金funded by ANID/Fondecyt Regular 1211480funded by EQM150061(FONDEQUIP-ANID)。
文摘Oral squamous cell carcinoma(OSCC)is the most common manifestation of oral cancer.It has been proposed that periodontal pathogens contribute to OSCC progression,mainly by their virulence factors.However,the main periodontal pathogen and its mechanism to modulate OSCC cells remains not fully understood.In this study we investigate the main host-pathogen pathways in OSCC by computational proteomics and the mechanism behind cancer progression by the oral microbiome.The main hostpathogen pathways were analyzed in the secretome of biopsies from patients with OSCC and healthy controls by mass spectrometry.Then,functional assays were performed to evaluate the host-pathogen pathways highlighted in oral cancer.Host proteins associated with LPS response,cell migration/adhesion,and metabolism of amino acids were significantly upregulated in the human cancer proteome,whereas the complement cascade was downregulated in malignant samples.Then,the microbiome analysis revealed large number and variety of peptides from Fusobacterium nucleatum(F.nucleatum)in OSCC samples,from which several enzymes from the L-glutamate degradation pathway were found,indicating that L-glutamate from cancer cells is used as an energy source,and catabolized into butyrate by the bacteria.In fact,we observed that F.nucleatum modulates the cystine/glutamate antiporter in an OSCC cell line by increasing SLC7A11 expression,promoting L-glutamate efflux and favoring bacterial infection.Finally,our results showed that F.nucleatum and its metabolic derivates promote tumor spheroids growth,spheroidsderived cell detachment,epithelial-mesenchymal transition and Galectin-9 upregulation.Altogether,F.nucleatum promotes protumoral mechanism in oral cancer.
文摘With the progress of urbanization,urban landscape design has garnered increasing attention.Urban landscape design can not only reflect the construction level of a city but also has the functions of beautifying the urban environment and enhancing the city image.Modern art enriches the expression forms of urban landscape design,and its integration with urban landscape design can greatly improve the urban landscape.This article elaborated on the connotations of modern art and urban landscape design and analyzed the application of modern art in urban landscape design.The application of modern art can help to achieve the goal of urban landscape design to the maximum extent.
基金Chongqing Institute of Engineering School-level Project:Research on Urban Waterfront Landscape Design Based on the Concept of River Ecological Restoration-Taking the Section of Chongqing Institute of Engineering on Huaxi River as an Example(Project No.:2022xskz02)。
文摘Since the reform and opening up,the development approach targeting urban economic growth has led to a sharp increase in the proportion of impervious hardened surfaces in cities and significant waste of natural resources.The urgent need for water ecological civilization construction is of great significance to the continuation of human civilization in the long run.This paper focuses on the urban waterfront landscape design of the Chongqing Institute of Engineering section of the Huaxi River in Banan District,emphasizing the concept of“symbiosis”.Using site cultural symbols as a medium to connect the campus and the city on both sides of the river,returning the riverbank to the people,restoring the ecological space of the riverfront,enriching the landscape belt,promoting the protection of bird and fish habitats,and stimulating the vitality of the riverbank space;it aims to pave the way for ecological restoration,functional expansion,landscape renewal,and riverfront space activation at the study site.
文摘In the context of rural revitalization,the landscape design of public spaces in Enshi Xiaomaopoying Village presents both new opportunities and challenges.This study explores the significance of integrating regional culture into rural public spaces.Field research has been conducted to assess the current utilization of regional culture in the public spaces of Xiaomaopoying Village.Subsequently,design optimization strategies are analyzed and proposed.Additionally,the practical application of regional cultural elements is examined,in order to offer guidance for the application of cultural creation of traditional characteristic villages in rural public spaces.
基金Under the auspices of Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(No.LY19C160007)。
文摘In recent years,rapid urbanization has had a profound impact on landscape stability.As a typical example of China's rapid urbanization,Hangzhou has also experienced significant landscape changes,which have profoundly affected its ecological stability.Taking Hangzhou as an example,this study integrates land use change data from 1980 to 2020,combines dynamic simulation and ecological modeling techniques,and carries out a comprehensive analysis of historical trends and future predictions,to provide valuable insights into the complex interactions between urban expansion and landscape stability.The results indicate that:1)between 1980 and2020,Hangzhou experienced a significant increase in construction land at the expense of arable land,leading to a gradual decline in landscape stability,though the downward trend has slowed in recent years.2)The spatial distribution of landscape stability shows clear aggregation patterns,with lower stability concentrated in economically active flatlands and higher stability in the mountainous western regions.3)By 2040,further urban expansion is predicted to occur alongside increased landscape integration,reflecting the positive effects of ecological protection strategies.This study highlights the universal challenges of balancing economic growth with ecological stability in rapidly urbanizing regions.The combination of advanced simulation models and spatiotemporal analysis demonstrates a replicable framework for assessing urban expansion's ecological impacts.These findings underscore the importance of tailoring urban planning and ecological policies to address regional disparities,providing valuable insights for sustainable urban development and landscape management globally.
