Process-oriented design and implementation of concurrent systems has important benefits. However, the inherent complexity of concurrent processes’ communication imposes challenges such as verifying consistency betwee...Process-oriented design and implementation of concurrent systems has important benefits. However, the inherent complexity of concurrent processes’ communication imposes challenges such as verifying consistency between the process-oriented design and implementation of a concurrent system. To deal with such a challenge, we use Galois connections, Failures and Category Theory to construct a formal framework for designing, implementing, analyzing and verifying consistency of concurrent systems. For the purpose of illustrating the framework, a running concurrent system is designed by Communicating Sequential Processes, implemented by a process-oriented programming language Erasmus.展开更多
A method for modeling crosscutting concerns in the concurrent software system is presented based on the aspect-oriented（A-O） technique and the statechart of unified modeling language （UML）. Modeled with UML statec...A method for modeling crosscutting concerns in the concurrent software system is presented based on the aspect-oriented（A-O） technique and the statechart of unified modeling language （UML）. Modeled with UML statechart diagrams, the primary system functions and corresponding traversal features are enveloped into various orthogonal regions of a composite state. The mutual relationships between orthogonal regions are implied by the orders of broadcast events. Using a modular transition system as a basic computational model, the formalization description of A-O statechart models is proposed. The precise semantics of model elements and modeling procedures is given. The example study indicates that the separation strategy of crosscutting concerns is implemented in the design phase of the concurrent software system with this method. Meanwhile, the software modeling method has advantages of loose coupling, adaptability and traceability.展开更多
Proving correctness of concurrent systems is quite difficult because of the high level of nondeterminism,especially in large and complex ones.AMC is a model checking system for verifying asynchronous concurrent system...Proving correctness of concurrent systems is quite difficult because of the high level of nondeterminism,especially in large and complex ones.AMC is a model checking system for verifying asynchronous concurrent systems by using branching time temporal logic.This paper introduces the tech- niques of the modelling approach,especially how to construct models for large concurrent systems with the concept of hierarchy,which has been proved to be effective and practical in verifying large systems without a large growth of cost.展开更多
Phase-field modelling of microstructural evolution in polycrystalline systems with phase-associated grains has largely been confined to continuum-field models.In this study,a multiphase-field approach,with a provision...Phase-field modelling of microstructural evolution in polycrystalline systems with phase-associated grains has largely been confined to continuum-field models.In this study,a multiphase-field approach,with a provision for introducing grain boundary and interphase diffusion,is extended to analyse concurrent grain growth and coarsening in multicomponent polycrystalline microstructures with chemically-distinct grains.The effect of the number of phases and components on the kinetics of evolution is investigated by considering binary and ternary systems of duplex and triplex microstructures,along with a single phase system.It is realised that the mere increase in the number of phases minimises the rate of concurrent grain growth and coarsening.However,the effect of components is substantially dependent on the respective kinetic coefficients.This work unravels that the disparity in the influence of phases and components is primarily due to the corresponding change introduced in the transformation mechanism.While the raise in number of phases convolutes the diffusion paths,the increase in number of component effects the rate of evolution through the interdiffusion,which introduces interdependency in the diffusing chemical-species.Additionally,the role of phase-fractions on the transformation rate of triplex microstructure is studied,and correspondingly,the interplay of interface-and diffusion-governed evolution is elucidated.A representative evolution of three-dimensional triplex microstructure with equal phase-fraction is comparatively analysed with the evolution of corresponding two-dimensional setup.展开更多
At present, there are some static code analyses and optimizations that can be applied to Concurrent C programs to improve their performance or verify their logical correctness. These analyses and optimizations are int...At present, there are some static code analyses and optimizations that can be applied to Concurrent C programs to improve their performance or verify their logical correctness. These analyses and optimizations are inter-process. In order to make their implementation easy, we propose a new method to construct an optimizing compiling system CCOC for Concurrent C. CCOC supports inter-process code analysis and optimization to Concurrent C programs and does not affect the system's portability and separate compilation of source programs. We also discuss some implementation details of CCOC briefly.展开更多
A real time concurrent product and process design system for mechanical parts is described in this paper. It consists of integrated product model, the expert system of product manufacturability evaluation and the con...A real time concurrent product and process design system for mechanical parts is described in this paper. It consists of integrated product model, the expert system of product manufacturability evaluation and the controller of concurrent design. With the help of the controller of concurrent design, each feature of a part can be designed and evaluated based on manufacturing knowledge and resources, and can be modified according to the results of evaluation. The machining method of design feature can be selected based on manufacturing knowledge. So real time concurrent product and process design can be implemented based on integrated product model that is established based on generalized feature. Products and its design process can be optimized with the help of this system. The information and function integration of product design process can be realized. The time to market and the cost of products can be reduced.展开更多
Military petroleum equipment, as the special device a nd tool for petroleum storage, transportation, filling, chemical analysis, detec tion and maintenance for the army, is an important means and basis of petroleum in...Military petroleum equipment, as the special device a nd tool for petroleum storage, transportation, filling, chemical analysis, detec tion and maintenance for the army, is an important means and basis of petroleum indemnificatory. To adapt to modern war in high-tech conditions, the petroleum equipment have to develop towards higher reliability, adaptability, maneuverabil ity, standardization, container and cell type with versatile multi-functions. As a new design theory and design process, concurrent engineering may prod uce remarkable benefit when applying to product development. With the aid of the state-of-the-art modeling and simulation technology, it foresees the future or even the whole life cycle of the products designed. Based on wide statistics and survey, the product design period is reduced by 1/2～1/3 with concurrent des i gn process. The application of concurrent design process in new petroleum equi pment development shall greatly accelerate the petroleum equipment updating an d promote their indemnificatory.展开更多
This research is a development in management information system （MIS） planning based on operation analysis and development according to concurrent engineering approach and reestablishment of database management. Acc...This research is a development in management information system （MIS） planning based on operation analysis and development according to concurrent engineering approach and reestablishment of database management. According to our case study industry, such industry currently used traditional network systems such as LAN, and ＂Bus Network＂ Network Topology. Client/Server distributed computing has a problem with database management in data redundancy, data inconsistency, and data independency. For Network Topology, Bus Network has problem with multitasking since the network are able to handle only a set of data at a time so the traffic problem will occur when multiple users request for the service. Thus, such condition is inconsistent with concurrent engineering which must be able to access the data simultaneously. As a consequence, this study develops a network system, network system of working system, using LAN and ＂Star Network＂ network topology. The file server processing distributed is an application while database is stored in host computer or file server but the data will be processed in users＇ computer. When the user needs to access the data, file server will send it to the user and the user can further analysis or manage such data in the user computer, so called ＂Hierarchical Database Model＂. Hierarchical database structure is easily developed like general organization command structure with different level of responsibility. In details, the data level in the database is divided into three levels including DBI, DB2, and DB3, so development of simultaneously systemic flow and access of various critical data is performed in parallel. Furthermore, this is consistent with access of all three data levels including： Level 1 is overall dataflow of both inside and outside the organization; Level 2 is dataflow of each division in the organization; and Level 3 is dataflow of subunit in each division in the organization. After systemize flow and access of data with concurrent engineering as mentioned, it provided optimal efficiency in the whole production system management reducing loss in the whole system of the organization展开更多
This paper deals with control system design and implementation problems encountered in multiple robot systems. The methodology developed is depicted by a set of coordination mechanisms using hierarchical net structure...This paper deals with control system design and implementation problems encountered in multiple robot systems. The methodology developed is depicted by a set of coordination mechanisms using hierarchical net structures and their accompanying rules. With the net models, the hierarchical and distributed control system is designed for an assembly task. Synchronization commands allow coordination of the movements of the robots. The net models make concurrency of the movements of the robots transparent to users. The net based machine controller executes robot motion control through the communication with the external robot controller using the command/response concept. Sensory signals indicating the change of state of robots are used to trigger or initiate tasks. Simultaneous movement of the robots is obtained by creating different background threads running in parallel under Windows OS. The multilevel hierarchical control system can be consistently constructed using net models.展开更多
Autologous bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells(BMSCs)have been shown to promote osteogenesis;however,the effects of allogeneic BMSCs(allo-BMSCs)on bone regeneration remain unclear.Therefore,we explored the bone...Autologous bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells(BMSCs)have been shown to promote osteogenesis;however,the effects of allogeneic BMSCs(allo-BMSCs)on bone regeneration remain unclear.Therefore,we explored the bone regeneration promotion effect of allo-BMSCs in 3D-printed autologous bone particle(ABP)scaffolds.First,we concurrently printed scaffolds with polycaprolactone,ABPs,and allo-BMSCs for appropriate support,providing bioactive factors and seed cells to promote osteogenesis.In vitro studies showed that ABP scaffolds promoted allo-BMSC osteogenic differentiation.In vivo studies revealed that the implantation of scaffolds loaded with ABPs and allo-BMSCs into canine skull defects for nine months promoted osteogenesis.Further experiments suggested that only a small portion of implanted allo-BMSCs survived and differentiated into vascular endothelial cells,chondrocytes,and osteocytes.The implanted allo-BMSCs released stromal cell-derived factor 1 through paracrine signaling to recruit native BMSCs into the defect,promoting bone regeneration.This study contributes to our understanding of allo-BMSCs,providing information relevant to their future application.展开更多
This paper presents a framework of the distributed concurrent multi-port-testing test system (CMPT-TS) for IP routers under development at Sichuan Network Communication Key Laboratory. Having analyzed the actuality of...This paper presents a framework of the distributed concurrent multi-port-testing test system (CMPT-TS) for IP routers under development at Sichuan Network Communication Key Laboratory. Having analyzed the actuality of concurrent testing for routers, this paper develops a distributed architecture of CMPT-TS and discusses its functional components in detail. Moreover, a new test definition language, CMPT definition language, is also introduced simply.展开更多
BACKGROUND Malignant transformation(MT)of mature cystic teratoma(MCT)has a poor prognosis,especially in advanced cases.Concurrent chemoradiotherapy(CCRT)has an inhibitory effect on MT.CASE SUMMARY Herein,we present a ...BACKGROUND Malignant transformation(MT)of mature cystic teratoma(MCT)has a poor prognosis,especially in advanced cases.Concurrent chemoradiotherapy(CCRT)has an inhibitory effect on MT.CASE SUMMARY Herein,we present a case in which CCRT had a reduction effect preoperatively.A 73-year-old woman with pyelonephritis was referred to our hospital.Computed tomography revealed right hydronephrosis and a 6-cm pelvic mass.Endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle biopsy(EUS-FNB)revealed squamous cell carci-noma.The patient was diagnosed with MT of MCT.Due to her poor general con-dition and renal malfunction,we selected CCRT,expecting fewer adverse effects.After CCRT,her performance status improved,and the tumor size was reduced;surgery was performed.Five months postoperatively,the patient developed dis-semination and lymph node metastases.Palliative chemotherapy was ineffective.She died 18 months after treatment initiation.CONCLUSION EUS-FNB was useful in the diagnosis of MT of MCT;CCRT suppressed the disea-se and improved quality of life.展开更多
Small cell lung cancer(SCLC)constitutes approximately 15%of all lung cancer cases,characterized by rapid tumor growth,a high pro-liferation rate,and a propensity for early metastasis.1 Approximately one-third of SCLC ...Small cell lung cancer(SCLC)constitutes approximately 15%of all lung cancer cases,characterized by rapid tumor growth,a high pro-liferation rate,and a propensity for early metastasis.1 Approximately one-third of SCLC patients are diagnosed at the limited-stage.Histor-ically,the standard of care for these patients has been 4-6 cycles of concurrent chemoradiotherapy(cCRT),with the exception of a minor-ity of early-stage T1-2N0 patients who may undergo radical surgery.2 Despite an initial high sensitivity to treatment,over 50%of patients experience disease recurrence within two years,with a median overall survival(OS)ranging from 16 to 24 months.For the past three decades,while there have been novel explorations in radiotherapy dosing and fractionation,the treatment paradigm for limited-stage SCLC(LS-SCLC)has remained largely unchanged,with no significant improvement in patient survival outcomes.展开更多
Objective:Radiotherapy(RT)is the definitive treatment for stageⅡnasopharyngeal carcinoma(NPC),which is classified as stagesⅠA andⅠB in the latest ninth edition of American Joint Committee on Cancer(AJCC)/Union for ...Objective:Radiotherapy(RT)is the definitive treatment for stageⅡnasopharyngeal carcinoma(NPC),which is classified as stagesⅠA andⅠB in the latest ninth edition of American Joint Committee on Cancer(AJCC)/Union for International Cancer Control(UICC).A crucial question is whether concurrent chemo-radiotherapy(CCRT)could derive additional benefits to this recent“down-staging”subgroup of NPC patients.This study aimed to interrogate clinical and radiomic features for predicting 5-year progression-free survival(PFS)of stageⅡNPC treated with RT alone or CCRT.Methods:Imaging and clinical data of 166 stageⅡNPC(eighth edition AJCC/UICC)patients were collected.Data were allocated into training,internal testing,and external testing sets.For each case,851 radiomic features were extracted and 10 clinical features were collected.Radiomic and clinical features most associated with the 5-year PFS were selected separately.A combined model was developed using multivariate logistic regression by integrating selected features and treatment option to predict 5-year PFS.Model performances were evaluated by area under the receiver operating curve(AUC),prediction accuracy,and decision curve analysis.Survival analyses including Kaplan-Meier analysis and Cox regression model were performed for further analysis.Results:Thirteen radiomic features,three clinical features,and treatment option were considered for model development.The combined model showed higher prognostic performance than using either.For the merged testing set(internal and external testing sets),AUC is 0.76(combined)vs.0.56-0.80(clinical or radiomic alone)and accuracy is 0.75(combined)vs.0.62-0.73(clinical or radiomic alone).Kaplan-Meier analysis using the combined model showed significant discrimination in PFS of the predicted low-risk and high-risk groups in the training and internal testing cohorts(P<0.05).Conclusions:Integrating with clinical and radiomic features could provide prognostic information on 5-year PFS under either treatment regimen,guiding individualized decisions of chemotherapy based on the predicted treatment outcome.展开更多
Defective phononic crystals(PnCs)have enabled spatial localization and quantitative amplification of elastic wave energy.Most previous research has focused on applications such as narrow-bandpass filters,ultrasonic se...Defective phononic crystals(PnCs)have enabled spatial localization and quantitative amplification of elastic wave energy.Most previous research has focused on applications such as narrow-bandpass filters,ultrasonic sensors,and piezoelectric energy harvesters,typically operating under the assumption of an external elastic wave incidence.Recently,a novel approach that uses defective PnCs as ultrasonic actuators to generate amplified waves has emerged.However,the existing studies are limited to the generation of either longitudinal or bending waves,with no research addressing the concurrent generation of both.Hence,this paper proposes a straightforward methodology for the concurrent generation and amplification of both wave types utilizing defect modes at independent defect-band frequencies.Bimorph piezoelectric elements are attached to the defect,with each element connected to independent external voltage sources.By precisely adjusting the magnitude and temporal phase differences between the voltage sources,concurrently amplified wave generation is achieved.The paper highlights the advantages of the proposed analytical model.This model is both computationally time-efficient and accurate,in comparison with the COMSOL simulation results.For instance,in case studies,the analytical model reduces the computational time from one hour to mere seconds,while maintaining acceptable error rates of 1%in peak frequencies.This concurrent wave-generation methodology opens new avenues for applications in rotating machinery fault diagnosis,structural health monitoring,and medical imaging.展开更多
BACKGROUND Patients with concurrent acute biliary pancreatitis(ABP)and acute cholangitis(AC)may experience exacerbated clinical consequences due to bile duct stones.However,studies exploring this topic remain limited....BACKGROUND Patients with concurrent acute biliary pancreatitis(ABP)and acute cholangitis(AC)may experience exacerbated clinical consequences due to bile duct stones.However,studies exploring this topic remain limited.AIM To compare the clinical presentation and outcomes of patients experiencing AC with and without ABP.METHODS This single-center retrospective cohort study included 358 patients with AC who underwent endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography(ERCP)between January 2016 and December 2017.Patients were divided into two groups:AC with ABP(n=90)and AC without ABP(n=268).Clinical characteristics,laboratory data,ERCP results,primary study outcome[intensive care unit(ICU)admission],and secondary outcomes including 30-day mortality,length of hospital stay,and 30-day readmission rate were analyzed and compared.RESULTS All patients in the AC with ABP group had interstitial pancreatitis.The AC with ABP group had significantly higher white cell count(WBC)counts(13.1×10^(3)/μL vs 10.4×10^(3)/μL,P=0.007)and more abnormal WBC results(61.1%vs 42.3%,P=0.015).Liver biochemical tests,AC severity,ERCP success,adverse events,ICU admissions,30-day mortality,hospital stay,and readmission rates did not differ significantly between the two groups.Univariate analysis showed no significant link between concurrent ABP and ICU admission,although significance was marginal in moderate/severe ABP cases(P=0.051).In the multivariate analysis,age(P=0.035)and cardiovascular dysfunction(P<0.001)were independently associated with length of ICU stay.CONCLUSION Concurrent interstitial ABP and AC did not significantly affect outcomes.Age and cardiovascular dysfunction were stronger predictors of ICU admission and should guide clinical monitoring and management.展开更多
A novel Additive Manufacturing(AM)-driven concurrent design strategy based on the beam characterization model considering strength constraints is proposed.The lattice topology,radius size,Building Orientation(BO),and ...A novel Additive Manufacturing(AM)-driven concurrent design strategy based on the beam characterization model considering strength constraints is proposed.The lattice topology,radius size,Building Orientation(BO),and structural yield strength can be simultaneously adjusted by integrating the overall process-structure-performance relationship of the AM process into the optimization.Specifically,the transverse isotropic material model is adopted to describe the material properties induced by the layer-by-layer manner of additive manufacturing.To bolster lattice strength performance,the stress constraints and ratio constraints of lattice struts are employed.The Tsai-Wu yield criterion is implemented to characterize the lattice strut's strength,while the P-norm method streamlines the handling of multiple constraints,minimizing computational overhead.Moreover,the gradient-based optimization model is established,where both the individual struts diameters and BO can be designed,and the buckling-prone spatial struts are strategically eliminated to improve the lattice strength further.Furthermore,several typical structures are optimized to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method.The optimized results are quite encouraging since the heterogeneous lattice structures with optimized BO obtained by the strength-based concurrent method show a remarkably improved performance compared to traditional designs.展开更多
Background:Individuals with unresectable stageⅢnon-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC)who receive complete concurrent chemoradiotherapy(cCRT)can benefit from long-term survival.Although neoadjuvant chemoim-munotherapy(NACI...Background:Individuals with unresectable stageⅢnon-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC)who receive complete concurrent chemoradiotherapy(cCRT)can benefit from long-term survival.Although neoadjuvant chemoim-munotherapy(NACIT)have achieved breakthroughs in treating unresectable stageⅢNSCLC,patients who have received induction chemoimmunotherapy are considered poor candidates for cCRT due to concerns about tolerability.Oral vinorelbine chemotherapy is widely used in clinical settings because of its safety,even for frail patients.The objective of this trial was to assess the efficacy and safety of oral vinorelbine plus concurrent radiotherapy(RT)for individuals with unresectable stageⅢNSCLC following NACIT who were not candidates for concurrent intravenous chemotherapy.Methods:This was a single-arm,phase 2 trial.The primary endpoint was the objective response rate(ORR),while the secondary endpoints consisted of the disease control rate(DCR),safety,overall survival(OS),as well as progression-free survival(PFS).Results:Between March 10,2023 and April 24,2025,46 individuals with unresectable stageⅢNSCLC were administered oral vinorelbine plus thoracic RT.Patients were treated with oral vinorelbine(60 mg/m^(2)once a week for 2 weeks as induction therapy before thoracic RT)and 30 mg/m^(2)per week with concurrent RT(59.4-60.2 Gy)over 5.5 weeks.The median age of the patients was 62.5 years,with 42 being male(91.3%).The ORR was 52.1%(95%confidence interval[CI],35.1%-65.9%),with 24 partial responders.A 95.7%DCR(85.5%-98.8%)was observed,and 20 patients had stable disease.The median follow-up was 22.5 months;the median PFS was 18.0 months and the median OS was not reached.The most commonly observed adverse events(AEs)included leukopenia(grade 1,26.1%),anemia(grade 1,17.4%),neutropenia(grade 1,10.9%),acute esophagitis(grade 2,17.4%),and treatment-related pneumonitis(grade 1-2,60.9%).No grade 3 or 4 treatment-related AEs were recorded.Conclusion:In individuals with unresectable stageⅢNSCLC who had received NACIT and were not candidates for concurrent intravenous chemotherapy with RT,the oral vinorelbine plus concurrent RT demonstrated promising antitumor efficacy with acceptable toxicity profiles.展开更多
Objectives:The optimal treatment strategy for early-stage natural killer/T-cell lymphoma(NKTCL)remains unclear.This study aimed to evaluate and compare the clinical outcomes and adverse events(AEs)associated with two ...Objectives:The optimal treatment strategy for early-stage natural killer/T-cell lymphoma(NKTCL)remains unclear.This study aimed to evaluate and compare the clinical outcomes and adverse events(AEs)associated with two treatment regimens for early-stage NKTCL:pegaspargase with concurrent radiation therapy(P+CCRT)and pegaspargase,gemcitabine,and oxaliplatin(P-GEMOX)with sequential radiation therapy(SERT).Propensity score matching(PSM)was employed to ensure balanced comparison between these regimens.Methods:We assessed the efficacy of P+CCRT from a phase II trial and P-GEMOX combined with SERT using real-world data.PSM was conducted at a 1:1 ratio with a caliper of 0.18 to align baseline characteristics between the treatment groups.Key outcomes analyzed included overall response rate(ORR),complete response rate(CR),progression-free survival(PFS),overall survival(OS),and AEs.Results:Following PSM,the study included 52 patients,with 26 in each treatment group.Baseline characteristics were balanced between the cohorts.The ORR for P+CCRT group was 100.0%compared to 88.5%for P-GEMOX+SERT group,and the CR rates was 100.0%vs.76.9%,respectively.The 3-year OS and PFS rates were both 92.3%for P+CCRT,while P-GEMOX showed 92.3%OS and 80.8%PFS.Adverse events,including hematological toxicity,hepatotoxicity,and coagulation dysfunction,were comparable between the two regimens.Conclusion:P+CCRT is associated with comparable clinical outcomes compared to P-GEMOX+SERT in early-stage NKTCL,with comparable adverse events.Additionally,P+CCRT offers the benefit of a more streamlined treatment regimen with a shorter cycle.Given these encouraging results,further cohort studies are needed to validate these results.展开更多
文摘Process-oriented design and implementation of concurrent systems has important benefits. However, the inherent complexity of concurrent processes’ communication imposes challenges such as verifying consistency between the process-oriented design and implementation of a concurrent system. To deal with such a challenge, we use Galois connections, Failures and Category Theory to construct a formal framework for designing, implementing, analyzing and verifying consistency of concurrent systems. For the purpose of illustrating the framework, a running concurrent system is designed by Communicating Sequential Processes, implemented by a process-oriented programming language Erasmus.
文摘A method for modeling crosscutting concerns in the concurrent software system is presented based on the aspect-oriented（A-O） technique and the statechart of unified modeling language （UML）. Modeled with UML statechart diagrams, the primary system functions and corresponding traversal features are enveloped into various orthogonal regions of a composite state. The mutual relationships between orthogonal regions are implied by the orders of broadcast events. Using a modular transition system as a basic computational model, the formalization description of A-O statechart models is proposed. The precise semantics of model elements and modeling procedures is given. The example study indicates that the separation strategy of crosscutting concerns is implemented in the design phase of the concurrent software system with this method. Meanwhile, the software modeling method has advantages of loose coupling, adaptability and traceability.
文摘Proving correctness of concurrent systems is quite difficult because of the high level of nondeterminism,especially in large and complex ones.AMC is a model checking system for verifying asynchronous concurrent systems by using branching time temporal logic.This paper introduces the tech- niques of the modelling approach,especially how to construct models for large concurrent systems with the concept of hierarchy,which has been proved to be effective and practical in verifying large systems without a large growth of cost.
基金financial support of the German Research Foundation(DFG)under the project AN 1245/1the support of the BMBF project‘Ker Solife100’the Helmholtz programme‘Renewable energies’(35.14.01)。
文摘Phase-field modelling of microstructural evolution in polycrystalline systems with phase-associated grains has largely been confined to continuum-field models.In this study,a multiphase-field approach,with a provision for introducing grain boundary and interphase diffusion,is extended to analyse concurrent grain growth and coarsening in multicomponent polycrystalline microstructures with chemically-distinct grains.The effect of the number of phases and components on the kinetics of evolution is investigated by considering binary and ternary systems of duplex and triplex microstructures,along with a single phase system.It is realised that the mere increase in the number of phases minimises the rate of concurrent grain growth and coarsening.However,the effect of components is substantially dependent on the respective kinetic coefficients.This work unravels that the disparity in the influence of phases and components is primarily due to the corresponding change introduced in the transformation mechanism.While the raise in number of phases convolutes the diffusion paths,the increase in number of component effects the rate of evolution through the interdiffusion,which introduces interdependency in the diffusing chemical-species.Additionally,the role of phase-fractions on the transformation rate of triplex microstructure is studied,and correspondingly,the interplay of interface-and diffusion-governed evolution is elucidated.A representative evolution of three-dimensional triplex microstructure with equal phase-fraction is comparatively analysed with the evolution of corresponding two-dimensional setup.
文摘At present, there are some static code analyses and optimizations that can be applied to Concurrent C programs to improve their performance or verify their logical correctness. These analyses and optimizations are inter-process. In order to make their implementation easy, we propose a new method to construct an optimizing compiling system CCOC for Concurrent C. CCOC supports inter-process code analysis and optimization to Concurrent C programs and does not affect the system's portability and separate compilation of source programs. We also discuss some implementation details of CCOC briefly.
文摘A real time concurrent product and process design system for mechanical parts is described in this paper. It consists of integrated product model, the expert system of product manufacturability evaluation and the controller of concurrent design. With the help of the controller of concurrent design, each feature of a part can be designed and evaluated based on manufacturing knowledge and resources, and can be modified according to the results of evaluation. The machining method of design feature can be selected based on manufacturing knowledge. So real time concurrent product and process design can be implemented based on integrated product model that is established based on generalized feature. Products and its design process can be optimized with the help of this system. The information and function integration of product design process can be realized. The time to market and the cost of products can be reduced.
文摘Military petroleum equipment, as the special device a nd tool for petroleum storage, transportation, filling, chemical analysis, detec tion and maintenance for the army, is an important means and basis of petroleum indemnificatory. To adapt to modern war in high-tech conditions, the petroleum equipment have to develop towards higher reliability, adaptability, maneuverabil ity, standardization, container and cell type with versatile multi-functions. As a new design theory and design process, concurrent engineering may prod uce remarkable benefit when applying to product development. With the aid of the state-of-the-art modeling and simulation technology, it foresees the future or even the whole life cycle of the products designed. Based on wide statistics and survey, the product design period is reduced by 1/2～1/3 with concurrent des i gn process. The application of concurrent design process in new petroleum equi pment development shall greatly accelerate the petroleum equipment updating an d promote their indemnificatory.
文摘This research is a development in management information system （MIS） planning based on operation analysis and development according to concurrent engineering approach and reestablishment of database management. According to our case study industry, such industry currently used traditional network systems such as LAN, and ＂Bus Network＂ Network Topology. Client/Server distributed computing has a problem with database management in data redundancy, data inconsistency, and data independency. For Network Topology, Bus Network has problem with multitasking since the network are able to handle only a set of data at a time so the traffic problem will occur when multiple users request for the service. Thus, such condition is inconsistent with concurrent engineering which must be able to access the data simultaneously. As a consequence, this study develops a network system, network system of working system, using LAN and ＂Star Network＂ network topology. The file server processing distributed is an application while database is stored in host computer or file server but the data will be processed in users＇ computer. When the user needs to access the data, file server will send it to the user and the user can further analysis or manage such data in the user computer, so called ＂Hierarchical Database Model＂. Hierarchical database structure is easily developed like general organization command structure with different level of responsibility. In details, the data level in the database is divided into three levels including DBI, DB2, and DB3, so development of simultaneously systemic flow and access of various critical data is performed in parallel. Furthermore, this is consistent with access of all three data levels including： Level 1 is overall dataflow of both inside and outside the organization; Level 2 is dataflow of each division in the organization; and Level 3 is dataflow of subunit in each division in the organization. After systemize flow and access of data with concurrent engineering as mentioned, it provided optimal efficiency in the whole production system management reducing loss in the whole system of the organization
文摘This paper deals with control system design and implementation problems encountered in multiple robot systems. The methodology developed is depicted by a set of coordination mechanisms using hierarchical net structures and their accompanying rules. With the net models, the hierarchical and distributed control system is designed for an assembly task. Synchronization commands allow coordination of the movements of the robots. The net models make concurrency of the movements of the robots transparent to users. The net based machine controller executes robot motion control through the communication with the external robot controller using the command/response concept. Sensory signals indicating the change of state of robots are used to trigger or initiate tasks. Simultaneous movement of the robots is obtained by creating different background threads running in parallel under Windows OS. The multilevel hierarchical control system can be consistently constructed using net models.
基金supported by the Science and Technology Development Fund of the Fourth Military Medical University(No.2016XB051)the Military Medical Promotion Plan of the Fourth Military Medical University(No.2016TSA-005)+2 种基金the Science and Technology Program of Guangzhou(No.201604040002)the Youth Development Project of Air Force Medical University(No.21QNPY072)the Xijing Hospital Booster Program(No.XJZT24CZ10).
文摘Autologous bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells(BMSCs)have been shown to promote osteogenesis;however,the effects of allogeneic BMSCs(allo-BMSCs)on bone regeneration remain unclear.Therefore,we explored the bone regeneration promotion effect of allo-BMSCs in 3D-printed autologous bone particle(ABP)scaffolds.First,we concurrently printed scaffolds with polycaprolactone,ABPs,and allo-BMSCs for appropriate support,providing bioactive factors and seed cells to promote osteogenesis.In vitro studies showed that ABP scaffolds promoted allo-BMSC osteogenic differentiation.In vivo studies revealed that the implantation of scaffolds loaded with ABPs and allo-BMSCs into canine skull defects for nine months promoted osteogenesis.Further experiments suggested that only a small portion of implanted allo-BMSCs survived and differentiated into vascular endothelial cells,chondrocytes,and osteocytes.The implanted allo-BMSCs released stromal cell-derived factor 1 through paracrine signaling to recruit native BMSCs into the defect,promoting bone regeneration.This study contributes to our understanding of allo-BMSCs,providing information relevant to their future application.
文摘This paper presents a framework of the distributed concurrent multi-port-testing test system (CMPT-TS) for IP routers under development at Sichuan Network Communication Key Laboratory. Having analyzed the actuality of concurrent testing for routers, this paper develops a distributed architecture of CMPT-TS and discusses its functional components in detail. Moreover, a new test definition language, CMPT definition language, is also introduced simply.
文摘BACKGROUND Malignant transformation(MT)of mature cystic teratoma(MCT)has a poor prognosis,especially in advanced cases.Concurrent chemoradiotherapy(CCRT)has an inhibitory effect on MT.CASE SUMMARY Herein,we present a case in which CCRT had a reduction effect preoperatively.A 73-year-old woman with pyelonephritis was referred to our hospital.Computed tomography revealed right hydronephrosis and a 6-cm pelvic mass.Endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle biopsy(EUS-FNB)revealed squamous cell carci-noma.The patient was diagnosed with MT of MCT.Due to her poor general con-dition and renal malfunction,we selected CCRT,expecting fewer adverse effects.After CCRT,her performance status improved,and the tumor size was reduced;surgery was performed.Five months postoperatively,the patient developed dis-semination and lymph node metastases.Palliative chemotherapy was ineffective.She died 18 months after treatment initiation.CONCLUSION EUS-FNB was useful in the diagnosis of MT of MCT;CCRT suppressed the disea-se and improved quality of life.
基金supported by the Young Talents Program of Jiangsu Cancer Hospital(grant number:QL201813).
文摘Small cell lung cancer(SCLC)constitutes approximately 15%of all lung cancer cases,characterized by rapid tumor growth,a high pro-liferation rate,and a propensity for early metastasis.1 Approximately one-third of SCLC patients are diagnosed at the limited-stage.Histor-ically,the standard of care for these patients has been 4-6 cycles of concurrent chemoradiotherapy(cCRT),with the exception of a minor-ity of early-stage T1-2N0 patients who may undergo radical surgery.2 Despite an initial high sensitivity to treatment,over 50%of patients experience disease recurrence within two years,with a median overall survival(OS)ranging from 16 to 24 months.For the past three decades,while there have been novel explorations in radiotherapy dosing and fractionation,the treatment paradigm for limited-stage SCLC(LS-SCLC)has remained largely unchanged,with no significant improvement in patient survival outcomes.
文摘Objective:Radiotherapy(RT)is the definitive treatment for stageⅡnasopharyngeal carcinoma(NPC),which is classified as stagesⅠA andⅠB in the latest ninth edition of American Joint Committee on Cancer(AJCC)/Union for International Cancer Control(UICC).A crucial question is whether concurrent chemo-radiotherapy(CCRT)could derive additional benefits to this recent“down-staging”subgroup of NPC patients.This study aimed to interrogate clinical and radiomic features for predicting 5-year progression-free survival(PFS)of stageⅡNPC treated with RT alone or CCRT.Methods:Imaging and clinical data of 166 stageⅡNPC(eighth edition AJCC/UICC)patients were collected.Data were allocated into training,internal testing,and external testing sets.For each case,851 radiomic features were extracted and 10 clinical features were collected.Radiomic and clinical features most associated with the 5-year PFS were selected separately.A combined model was developed using multivariate logistic regression by integrating selected features and treatment option to predict 5-year PFS.Model performances were evaluated by area under the receiver operating curve(AUC),prediction accuracy,and decision curve analysis.Survival analyses including Kaplan-Meier analysis and Cox regression model were performed for further analysis.Results:Thirteen radiomic features,three clinical features,and treatment option were considered for model development.The combined model showed higher prognostic performance than using either.For the merged testing set(internal and external testing sets),AUC is 0.76(combined)vs.0.56-0.80(clinical or radiomic alone)and accuracy is 0.75(combined)vs.0.62-0.73(clinical or radiomic alone).Kaplan-Meier analysis using the combined model showed significant discrimination in PFS of the predicted low-risk and high-risk groups in the training and internal testing cohorts(P<0.05).Conclusions:Integrating with clinical and radiomic features could provide prognostic information on 5-year PFS under either treatment regimen,guiding individualized decisions of chemotherapy based on the predicted treatment outcome.
基金supported by the Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea,funded by the Ministry of Education(No.2022R1I1A1A01056406)。
文摘Defective phononic crystals(PnCs)have enabled spatial localization and quantitative amplification of elastic wave energy.Most previous research has focused on applications such as narrow-bandpass filters,ultrasonic sensors,and piezoelectric energy harvesters,typically operating under the assumption of an external elastic wave incidence.Recently,a novel approach that uses defective PnCs as ultrasonic actuators to generate amplified waves has emerged.However,the existing studies are limited to the generation of either longitudinal or bending waves,with no research addressing the concurrent generation of both.Hence,this paper proposes a straightforward methodology for the concurrent generation and amplification of both wave types utilizing defect modes at independent defect-band frequencies.Bimorph piezoelectric elements are attached to the defect,with each element connected to independent external voltage sources.By precisely adjusting the magnitude and temporal phase differences between the voltage sources,concurrently amplified wave generation is achieved.The paper highlights the advantages of the proposed analytical model.This model is both computationally time-efficient and accurate,in comparison with the COMSOL simulation results.For instance,in case studies,the analytical model reduces the computational time from one hour to mere seconds,while maintaining acceptable error rates of 1%in peak frequencies.This concurrent wave-generation methodology opens new avenues for applications in rotating machinery fault diagnosis,structural health monitoring,and medical imaging.
文摘BACKGROUND Patients with concurrent acute biliary pancreatitis(ABP)and acute cholangitis(AC)may experience exacerbated clinical consequences due to bile duct stones.However,studies exploring this topic remain limited.AIM To compare the clinical presentation and outcomes of patients experiencing AC with and without ABP.METHODS This single-center retrospective cohort study included 358 patients with AC who underwent endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography(ERCP)between January 2016 and December 2017.Patients were divided into two groups:AC with ABP(n=90)and AC without ABP(n=268).Clinical characteristics,laboratory data,ERCP results,primary study outcome[intensive care unit(ICU)admission],and secondary outcomes including 30-day mortality,length of hospital stay,and 30-day readmission rate were analyzed and compared.RESULTS All patients in the AC with ABP group had interstitial pancreatitis.The AC with ABP group had significantly higher white cell count(WBC)counts(13.1×10^(3)/μL vs 10.4×10^(3)/μL,P=0.007)and more abnormal WBC results(61.1%vs 42.3%,P=0.015).Liver biochemical tests,AC severity,ERCP success,adverse events,ICU admissions,30-day mortality,hospital stay,and readmission rates did not differ significantly between the two groups.Univariate analysis showed no significant link between concurrent ABP and ICU admission,although significance was marginal in moderate/severe ABP cases(P=0.051).In the multivariate analysis,age(P=0.035)and cardiovascular dysfunction(P<0.001)were independently associated with length of ICU stay.CONCLUSION Concurrent interstitial ABP and AC did not significantly affect outcomes.Age and cardiovascular dysfunction were stronger predictors of ICU admission and should guide clinical monitoring and management.
基金co-supported by National Key R&D Program of China(No.2022YFB4602003)Key Project of National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.12032018)+2 种基金Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(No.2022A1515110489)National Natural Science Foundation of China-China Academy of General Technology Joint Fund for Basic Research(No.52375380)National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2022YFB3402200)。
文摘A novel Additive Manufacturing(AM)-driven concurrent design strategy based on the beam characterization model considering strength constraints is proposed.The lattice topology,radius size,Building Orientation(BO),and structural yield strength can be simultaneously adjusted by integrating the overall process-structure-performance relationship of the AM process into the optimization.Specifically,the transverse isotropic material model is adopted to describe the material properties induced by the layer-by-layer manner of additive manufacturing.To bolster lattice strength performance,the stress constraints and ratio constraints of lattice struts are employed.The Tsai-Wu yield criterion is implemented to characterize the lattice strut's strength,while the P-norm method streamlines the handling of multiple constraints,minimizing computational overhead.Moreover,the gradient-based optimization model is established,where both the individual struts diameters and BO can be designed,and the buckling-prone spatial struts are strategically eliminated to improve the lattice strength further.Furthermore,several typical structures are optimized to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method.The optimized results are quite encouraging since the heterogeneous lattice structures with optimized BO obtained by the strength-based concurrent method show a remarkably improved performance compared to traditional designs.
基金supported by the Beijing Xisike Clinical Oncology Research Foundation(grant number:Y-pierrefabre202101-0119)the National High Level Hospital Clinical Research Funding and the Cooperation Fund of CHCAMS Beijing&Langfang&SZCH(grant number:CFA202502021).
文摘Background:Individuals with unresectable stageⅢnon-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC)who receive complete concurrent chemoradiotherapy(cCRT)can benefit from long-term survival.Although neoadjuvant chemoim-munotherapy(NACIT)have achieved breakthroughs in treating unresectable stageⅢNSCLC,patients who have received induction chemoimmunotherapy are considered poor candidates for cCRT due to concerns about tolerability.Oral vinorelbine chemotherapy is widely used in clinical settings because of its safety,even for frail patients.The objective of this trial was to assess the efficacy and safety of oral vinorelbine plus concurrent radiotherapy(RT)for individuals with unresectable stageⅢNSCLC following NACIT who were not candidates for concurrent intravenous chemotherapy.Methods:This was a single-arm,phase 2 trial.The primary endpoint was the objective response rate(ORR),while the secondary endpoints consisted of the disease control rate(DCR),safety,overall survival(OS),as well as progression-free survival(PFS).Results:Between March 10,2023 and April 24,2025,46 individuals with unresectable stageⅢNSCLC were administered oral vinorelbine plus thoracic RT.Patients were treated with oral vinorelbine(60 mg/m^(2)once a week for 2 weeks as induction therapy before thoracic RT)and 30 mg/m^(2)per week with concurrent RT(59.4-60.2 Gy)over 5.5 weeks.The median age of the patients was 62.5 years,with 42 being male(91.3%).The ORR was 52.1%(95%confidence interval[CI],35.1%-65.9%),with 24 partial responders.A 95.7%DCR(85.5%-98.8%)was observed,and 20 patients had stable disease.The median follow-up was 22.5 months;the median PFS was 18.0 months and the median OS was not reached.The most commonly observed adverse events(AEs)included leukopenia(grade 1,26.1%),anemia(grade 1,17.4%),neutropenia(grade 1,10.9%),acute esophagitis(grade 2,17.4%),and treatment-related pneumonitis(grade 1-2,60.9%).No grade 3 or 4 treatment-related AEs were recorded.Conclusion:In individuals with unresectable stageⅢNSCLC who had received NACIT and were not candidates for concurrent intravenous chemotherapy with RT,the oral vinorelbine plus concurrent RT demonstrated promising antitumor efficacy with acceptable toxicity profiles.
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China grant 81700148 and Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province grant 2021A1515010093 and 2023A1515011862funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China grant 82170181funded by the Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation of Guangdong Province grant 2022B1515120087.
文摘Objectives:The optimal treatment strategy for early-stage natural killer/T-cell lymphoma(NKTCL)remains unclear.This study aimed to evaluate and compare the clinical outcomes and adverse events(AEs)associated with two treatment regimens for early-stage NKTCL:pegaspargase with concurrent radiation therapy(P+CCRT)and pegaspargase,gemcitabine,and oxaliplatin(P-GEMOX)with sequential radiation therapy(SERT).Propensity score matching(PSM)was employed to ensure balanced comparison between these regimens.Methods:We assessed the efficacy of P+CCRT from a phase II trial and P-GEMOX combined with SERT using real-world data.PSM was conducted at a 1:1 ratio with a caliper of 0.18 to align baseline characteristics between the treatment groups.Key outcomes analyzed included overall response rate(ORR),complete response rate(CR),progression-free survival(PFS),overall survival(OS),and AEs.Results:Following PSM,the study included 52 patients,with 26 in each treatment group.Baseline characteristics were balanced between the cohorts.The ORR for P+CCRT group was 100.0%compared to 88.5%for P-GEMOX+SERT group,and the CR rates was 100.0%vs.76.9%,respectively.The 3-year OS and PFS rates were both 92.3%for P+CCRT,while P-GEMOX showed 92.3%OS and 80.8%PFS.Adverse events,including hematological toxicity,hepatotoxicity,and coagulation dysfunction,were comparable between the two regimens.Conclusion:P+CCRT is associated with comparable clinical outcomes compared to P-GEMOX+SERT in early-stage NKTCL,with comparable adverse events.Additionally,P+CCRT offers the benefit of a more streamlined treatment regimen with a shorter cycle.Given these encouraging results,further cohort studies are needed to validate these results.
