The theoretical research of cable-driven mechanisms is developed with its broad applications. The first prototype of cable-driven mechanisms is RoboCrane, which was developed by the National Institute of Standards and...The theoretical research of cable-driven mechanisms is developed with its broad applications. The first prototype of cable-driven mechanisms is RoboCrane, which was developed by the National Institute of Standards and Technology （NIST）. Then many excellent properties were developed and they have a variety of applications such as aerospace, aircraft and automobile industries [1]. Example application for RoboCrane in the field of aircraft mainte- nance is equipped with a quick-change mechanism to remove the robot arm remotely.展开更多
The first liver transplantation(LT)in humans was performed by Thomas Starzl on March 1,1963[1,2](Fig.1).During the period 1963-1983,this challenging procedure was performed in four centers only,one in the USA and thre...The first liver transplantation(LT)in humans was performed by Thomas Starzl on March 1,1963[1,2](Fig.1).During the period 1963-1983,this challenging procedure was performed in four centers only,one in the USA and three in Western Europe:Denver,Cambridge,Hannover and Groningen.Their collected experience including only 540 cases(meaning 27(!)cases yearly)was the basis of the 1983 National Institutes of Health(NIH)development consensus conference leading to the conclusion that LT could become“a promising alternative to the current therapy in the management of the late phase of several forms of serious liver disease…candidates are those who exhausted alternative medical and surgical treatments…and are approaching the terminal phase of their illness”.Patients presenting liver tumors and inherited,liver based,metabolic diseases could also be considered for LT[3].This conference put forward ten absolute and five relative contraindications restricting thereby the access to LT to a minority of very well selected liver diseased patients.展开更多
Super rice is an essendal part of China＇s rice production. Through survey on actual situation of 1568 households of rice growers in Heilongjiang, Hunan and Zhejiang provinces, this paper focused on influence of super...Super rice is an essendal part of China＇s rice production. Through survey on actual situation of 1568 households of rice growers in Heilongjiang, Hunan and Zhejiang provinces, this paper focused on influence of super rice development on increase of China＇s grain yield, influence on increase of rice growers＇ economic in- come, difference in production cost and profit between the North and the South, as well as profit percentage of super rice in production, processing, and sales. It obtained following results： rice price determines rice growers＇ income; expansion of super rice extension area plays a great role in increase of China＇s grain yield; by 2015 and 2020, keeping the yield of other crops not changed, merely the extension of super rice can increase grain for 5 million tons and 11 million tons separately; super rice significantly increases rice growers＇ economic income; for production cost of super rice, the South is higher than the North, and the profit ratio of cost is up to 35.54% on average; with respect of profit in production, processing, and sales, the ratio is 1：2：1.5; with the yield of other crops unchanged, every increase of 1% in area percentage of super rice to rice will additionally produce 1 million tons of grain for China, which is equivalent to saving the yield of 133 300 hm2 farmland and can additional feed 3.5 million people. In view of importance of super rice production, at the same time of strengthening research on super rice variety, it is required to accelerate expanding production area of super rice in suitable areas. Since the development of super rice can support China＇s ration demand of increasing population, China should make effort to realize ＂one yuan for one mu＂ financial subsidy for super rice of main grain production provinces and counties. Besides, China should establish special financial plan for extension of super rice.展开更多
The special issue deals with the Cretaceous-Tertiary deserts in southwestern China and relevant sedimentological problems about deserts. The study area is located between 101°10＇- 107°00＇E and 28°00＇...The special issue deals with the Cretaceous-Tertiary deserts in southwestern China and relevant sedimentological problems about deserts. The study area is located between 101°10＇- 107°00＇E and 28°00＇-30°40′ N. The ancient desert study is so little in China that there has not been a systematic report about it up to now. Based on the study in many ways on Cretaceous-Tertiary deserts in southwestern China, plentiful data have been obtained. Though it is still a bit rough, the study is a good beginning of the ancient desert study in China. The main ideas and conclusions are summarized as follows.展开更多
The authors regret that Fig.7b in our original article was incorrectly published,which is the same as Fig.6b due to an unintentional and random error.The correct Fig.7b is shown as follows(Reusability of the immobiliz...The authors regret that Fig.7b in our original article was incorrectly published,which is the same as Fig.6b due to an unintentional and random error.The correct Fig.7b is shown as follows(Reusability of the immobilized laccase).The change does not affect the results and conclusions.展开更多
Hsueh and O Brien (1971) proposed a model on coastal upwelling induced by alongshore current. Their model is two - dimensional .steady , f - plane , linear and homogeneous with constant depth , in which wind effect wa...Hsueh and O Brien (1971) proposed a model on coastal upwelling induced by alongshore current. Their model is two - dimensional .steady , f - plane , linear and homogeneous with constant depth , in which wind effect was not considered . In the present paper, we proposed a steady model on upwelling in a strait with alongshore boundary current and wind applied on the surface. The following conclusions have been drawn.1 . Alongshore boundary current contributes more to upwelling than wind near the right coast.2. Alongshore boundary current influence can reach to about 70 km away from the right coast.3. Upwelling in the left half of the strait is mainly produced by wind .4. Under certain conditions, the combined action of wind and alongshore boundary current can produce upwelling in the middle of the strait.展开更多
INTRODUCTION Machine learning(ML)techniques1 are becoming a major area of study in psychiatry,as ML possesses the theoretical capacity to draw conclusions based on a broad range of data once the system has been taught...INTRODUCTION Machine learning(ML)techniques1 are becoming a major area of study in psychiatry,as ML possesses the theoretical capacity to draw conclusions based on a broad range of data once the system has been taught through a process of trial and error.Specifically,and arguably most importantly,ML can do so more quickly and accurately than clinicians.2 Several studies have demonstrated accuracy through the use of ML in various populations and geographic locations,further perpetuating the perceived need to incorporate ML into ongoing studies.展开更多
People＇s decisions of residential mobility in housing market and decisions of job change in labor market play an essential role in the formation and dynamics of urban spatial structure. This paper investigates the re...People＇s decisions of residential mobility in housing market and decisions of job change in labor market play an essential role in the formation and dynamics of urban spatial structure. This paper investigates the relationship between residential relocation and job change and its heterogeneity using a large-scale survey of residential living satisfaction and preferences in Beijing. Several conclusions are drawn as follows： 1） People＇s decisions of residential mobility are significantly positively correlated with their decisions of job change, indicating that these two-dimensional decisions are in fact a correlated decision process rather than two independent decision processes. 2） There is heterogeneity in the correlated decisions of residential mobility and job change. More specifically, the interrelationship between the decisions of residential mobility and job change among people without Beijing hukou, renters and single-worker households is more intensive than people with Beijing hukou, homeowners and multi-worker households. In addition, there is heterogeneity in the determinants of residential relocation and job change between groups with different types of housing tenure, household registration status and family employment structure. 3） For renters, commuting time can significantly increase the probability of residential relocation, which indicates that residents of different socioeconomic attributes have very different responses to commuting time costs.展开更多
INTRODUCTION Dissolution and precipitation of carbonates plays an important role in nature, such as in the chemistry of seawater, the sedimentation of carbonate at the seafloor, the geochemical evolution of freshwater...INTRODUCTION Dissolution and precipitation of carbonates plays an important role in nature, such as in the chemistry of seawater, the sedimentation of carbonate at the seafloor, the geochemical evolution of freshwater aquifers and last but not least, most spectacular, the evolution of karst landscapes. To provide a deeper understanding to all these processes knowledge is required展开更多
In the published paper1,the author's organization information on page 215 contained errors.The author information has been updated to correct the errors.The errors do not affect the conclusions of this article.We ...In the published paper1,the author's organization information on page 215 contained errors.The author information has been updated to correct the errors.The errors do not affect the conclusions of this article.We apologize for the errors and for any confusion they may have caused.展开更多
The short-term tests (STT) that have been usedsuccessfully to identify mutagens and potentialcarcinogens increasingly are being used to identifyantimutagens and potential anticarcinogens.Theconcept of activity profile...The short-term tests (STT) that have been usedsuccessfully to identify mutagens and potentialcarcinogens increasingly are being used to identifyantimutagens and potential anticarcinogens.Theconcept of activity profiles,already appliedsuccessfully to the display of mutagenicity展开更多
A relativistic extension for Blankenbecler-Goldberger approximation to the calculation of the electron capture processes in ion-atom collisions is developed.The results are compared with other methods and the relativi...A relativistic extension for Blankenbecler-Goldberger approximation to the calculation of the electron capture processes in ion-atom collisions is developed.The results are compared with other methods and the relativistic effects are discussed.Some new conclusions are obtained.展开更多
科技论文的英文摘要(Abstract)要求采用简洁、明确的语言(300个实词左右为宜)将论文的"目的(Purposes)",主要的研究"过程(Procedures)",采用的研究"方法(Methods)",由此得到的主要"结果(Results)&qu...科技论文的英文摘要(Abstract)要求采用简洁、明确的语言(300个实词左右为宜)将论文的"目的(Purposes)",主要的研究"过程(Procedures)",采用的研究"方法(Methods)",由此得到的主要"结果(Results)"和得出的重要"结论(Conclusions)"表达清楚。如有可能,还应尽量表明论文结果和结论的应用范围和应用情况。要写好英文摘要,作者必须回答好以下几个问题:(1)本文的目的或要解决的问题(What I want to do?)展开更多
科技论文的英文摘要(Abstract)要求采用简洁、明确的语言(300个实词左右为宜)将论文的"目的(Purposes)",主要的研究"过程(Procedures)",采用的研究"方法(Methods)",由此得到的主要"结果(Results)&qu...科技论文的英文摘要(Abstract)要求采用简洁、明确的语言(300个实词左右为宜)将论文的"目的(Purposes)",主要的研究"过程(Procedures)",采用的研究"方法(Methods)",由此得到的主要"结果(Results)"和得出的重要"结论(Conclusions)"表达清楚。如有可能,还应尽量表明论文结果和结论的应用范围和应用情况。要写好英文摘要,作者必须回答好以下几个问题:(1)本文的目的或要解决的问题(What I want to do?)展开更多
This paper deals with a discussion of the morphological correlation between the photospheric transversal magnetic field (PTMF) observed at Beijing Observatory and the penumbral filaments (PF) observed at Yunnan Observ...This paper deals with a discussion of the morphological correlation between the photospheric transversal magnetic field (PTMF) observed at Beijing Observatory and the penumbral filaments (PF) observed at Yunnan Observatory in eight areas of the largest active region AR5395 for the period of 9-15 March 1989. The morphological correlation is rouphly divided in three grades:"consistence", "approach"and "cross", "consistence" means that the difference of the azimuthal angles of PTMF and PF is smaller than 20 ° ; "approach" means that the difference is in the range of 20 ° and 40 ° ; "cross" means that the difference is more than 40 ° . The statistical conclusions are:展开更多
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.51575150)
文摘The theoretical research of cable-driven mechanisms is developed with its broad applications. The first prototype of cable-driven mechanisms is RoboCrane, which was developed by the National Institute of Standards and Technology （NIST）. Then many excellent properties were developed and they have a variety of applications such as aerospace, aircraft and automobile industries [1]. Example application for RoboCrane in the field of aircraft mainte- nance is equipped with a quick-change mechanism to remove the robot arm remotely.
文摘The first liver transplantation(LT)in humans was performed by Thomas Starzl on March 1,1963[1,2](Fig.1).During the period 1963-1983,this challenging procedure was performed in four centers only,one in the USA and three in Western Europe:Denver,Cambridge,Hannover and Groningen.Their collected experience including only 540 cases(meaning 27(!)cases yearly)was the basis of the 1983 National Institutes of Health(NIH)development consensus conference leading to the conclusion that LT could become“a promising alternative to the current therapy in the management of the late phase of several forms of serious liver disease…candidates are those who exhausted alternative medical and surgical treatments…and are approaching the terminal phase of their illness”.Patients presenting liver tumors and inherited,liver based,metabolic diseases could also be considered for LT[3].This conference put forward ten absolute and five relative contraindications restricting thereby the access to LT to a minority of very well selected liver diseased patients.
基金Supported by Super Rice Program for Agricultural Scientific&Technological Innovation Project of Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesSpecial Project of Public Welfare Industry of Ministry of Agriculture(201203029)Special Project for Construction of Modern Agricultural Industrial Technology System(CARS-01-09B)~~
文摘Super rice is an essendal part of China＇s rice production. Through survey on actual situation of 1568 households of rice growers in Heilongjiang, Hunan and Zhejiang provinces, this paper focused on influence of super rice development on increase of China＇s grain yield, influence on increase of rice growers＇ economic in- come, difference in production cost and profit between the North and the South, as well as profit percentage of super rice in production, processing, and sales. It obtained following results： rice price determines rice growers＇ income; expansion of super rice extension area plays a great role in increase of China＇s grain yield; by 2015 and 2020, keeping the yield of other crops not changed, merely the extension of super rice can increase grain for 5 million tons and 11 million tons separately; super rice significantly increases rice growers＇ economic income; for production cost of super rice, the South is higher than the North, and the profit ratio of cost is up to 35.54% on average; with respect of profit in production, processing, and sales, the ratio is 1：2：1.5; with the yield of other crops unchanged, every increase of 1% in area percentage of super rice to rice will additionally produce 1 million tons of grain for China, which is equivalent to saving the yield of 133 300 hm2 farmland and can additional feed 3.5 million people. In view of importance of super rice production, at the same time of strengthening research on super rice variety, it is required to accelerate expanding production area of super rice in suitable areas. Since the development of super rice can support China＇s ration demand of increasing population, China should make effort to realize ＂one yuan for one mu＂ financial subsidy for super rice of main grain production provinces and counties. Besides, China should establish special financial plan for extension of super rice.
文摘The special issue deals with the Cretaceous-Tertiary deserts in southwestern China and relevant sedimentological problems about deserts. The study area is located between 101°10＇- 107°00＇E and 28°00＇-30°40′ N. The ancient desert study is so little in China that there has not been a systematic report about it up to now. Based on the study in many ways on Cretaceous-Tertiary deserts in southwestern China, plentiful data have been obtained. Though it is still a bit rough, the study is a good beginning of the ancient desert study in China. The main ideas and conclusions are summarized as follows.
文摘The authors regret that Fig.7b in our original article was incorrectly published,which is the same as Fig.6b due to an unintentional and random error.The correct Fig.7b is shown as follows(Reusability of the immobilized laccase).The change does not affect the results and conclusions.
文摘Hsueh and O Brien (1971) proposed a model on coastal upwelling induced by alongshore current. Their model is two - dimensional .steady , f - plane , linear and homogeneous with constant depth , in which wind effect was not considered . In the present paper, we proposed a steady model on upwelling in a strait with alongshore boundary current and wind applied on the surface. The following conclusions have been drawn.1 . Alongshore boundary current contributes more to upwelling than wind near the right coast.2. Alongshore boundary current influence can reach to about 70 km away from the right coast.3. Upwelling in the left half of the strait is mainly produced by wind .4. Under certain conditions, the combined action of wind and alongshore boundary current can produce upwelling in the middle of the strait.
基金JCL is supported by the Alfred Adler Scholarship.
文摘INTRODUCTION Machine learning(ML)techniques1 are becoming a major area of study in psychiatry,as ML possesses the theoretical capacity to draw conclusions based on a broad range of data once the system has been taught through a process of trial and error.Specifically,and arguably most importantly,ML can do so more quickly and accurately than clinicians.2 Several studies have demonstrated accuracy through the use of ML in various populations and geographic locations,further perpetuating the perceived need to incorporate ML into ongoing studies.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China, No.41201169 No.41230632+1 种基金 Key Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No.KZZD-EW-06 National Science and Technology Support Program, No.2012BAJ15B02.Acknowledgement We are very grateful to Prof. Richard Harris, School of Geographical Sciences, University of Bristol, for providing very helpful comments on the first draft of this paper and polishing this final version.
文摘People＇s decisions of residential mobility in housing market and decisions of job change in labor market play an essential role in the formation and dynamics of urban spatial structure. This paper investigates the relationship between residential relocation and job change and its heterogeneity using a large-scale survey of residential living satisfaction and preferences in Beijing. Several conclusions are drawn as follows： 1） People＇s decisions of residential mobility are significantly positively correlated with their decisions of job change, indicating that these two-dimensional decisions are in fact a correlated decision process rather than two independent decision processes. 2） There is heterogeneity in the correlated decisions of residential mobility and job change. More specifically, the interrelationship between the decisions of residential mobility and job change among people without Beijing hukou, renters and single-worker households is more intensive than people with Beijing hukou, homeowners and multi-worker households. In addition, there is heterogeneity in the determinants of residential relocation and job change between groups with different types of housing tenure, household registration status and family employment structure. 3） For renters, commuting time can significantly increase the probability of residential relocation, which indicates that residents of different socioeconomic attributes have very different responses to commuting time costs.
文摘INTRODUCTION Dissolution and precipitation of carbonates plays an important role in nature, such as in the chemistry of seawater, the sedimentation of carbonate at the seafloor, the geochemical evolution of freshwater aquifers and last but not least, most spectacular, the evolution of karst landscapes. To provide a deeper understanding to all these processes knowledge is required
文摘In the published paper1,the author's organization information on page 215 contained errors.The author information has been updated to correct the errors.The errors do not affect the conclusions of this article.We apologize for the errors and for any confusion they may have caused.
文摘The short-term tests (STT) that have been usedsuccessfully to identify mutagens and potentialcarcinogens increasingly are being used to identifyantimutagens and potential anticarcinogens.Theconcept of activity profiles,already appliedsuccessfully to the display of mutagenicity
基金Supported by Chinese Academy of Sciences(LWTZ-1298)by Chinese Research Center for Atomic and Molecular Data.
文摘A relativistic extension for Blankenbecler-Goldberger approximation to the calculation of the electron capture processes in ion-atom collisions is developed.The results are compared with other methods and the relativistic effects are discussed.Some new conclusions are obtained.
文摘科技论文的英文摘要(Abstract)要求采用简洁、明确的语言(300个实词左右为宜)将论文的"目的(Purposes)",主要的研究"过程(Procedures)",采用的研究"方法(Methods)",由此得到的主要"结果(Results)"和得出的重要"结论(Conclusions)"表达清楚。如有可能,还应尽量表明论文结果和结论的应用范围和应用情况。要写好英文摘要,作者必须回答好以下几个问题:(1)本文的目的或要解决的问题(What I want to do?)
文摘科技论文的英文摘要(Abstract)要求采用简洁、明确的语言(300个实词左右为宜)将论文的"目的(Purposes)",主要的研究"过程(Procedures)",采用的研究"方法(Methods)",由此得到的主要"结果(Results)"和得出的重要"结论(Conclusions)"表达清楚。如有可能,还应尽量表明论文结果和结论的应用范围和应用情况。要写好英文摘要,作者必须回答好以下几个问题:(1)本文的目的或要解决的问题(What I want to do?)
文摘This paper deals with a discussion of the morphological correlation between the photospheric transversal magnetic field (PTMF) observed at Beijing Observatory and the penumbral filaments (PF) observed at Yunnan Observatory in eight areas of the largest active region AR5395 for the period of 9-15 March 1989. The morphological correlation is rouphly divided in three grades:"consistence", "approach"and "cross", "consistence" means that the difference of the azimuthal angles of PTMF and PF is smaller than 20 ° ; "approach" means that the difference is in the range of 20 ° and 40 ° ; "cross" means that the difference is more than 40 ° . The statistical conclusions are:
