If Europe is to achieve the planned transition to a low carbon economy by 2050, succeeding in improving the energy efficiency of the largely inefficient existing building stock will be pivotal. Certain energy efficien...If Europe is to achieve the planned transition to a low carbon economy by 2050, succeeding in improving the energy efficiency of the largely inefficient existing building stock will be pivotal. Certain energy efficiency retrofitting obligations have now emerged as part of the EU＇s Energy Performance in Buildings Directive and the Energy Efficiency Directive. Challenges for retrofitting currently include gaps in technical skills both amongst building trades and professionals, a lack of awareness of building owners and users, concerns about compromising cultural heritage as well as a lack of viable business models, comparatively high cost and resulting long pay-back periods currently hamper the progress. Lessons can be drawn here form the EU-funded initiative CONCERTO, which helped 58 communities in 23 countries to reduce their dependence on conventional energy supply by implementing energy efficiency measures and integrating renewable energy sources not at single building scale but community scale. Almost all of these entailed retrofitting activities bad to find solutions to the issues mentioned. This paper presents a selection of conclusions regarding retrofitting to be drawn from the analysis undertaken under the project CONCERTO premium, which analysed outcomes across the 58 projects on behalf of the European Commission and focuses in particular on the political relevance of outcomes.展开更多
Parkscapes:Green Spaces in Modern Japan Author:Thomas R.H.Havens Year:2011Publisher:University of Hawai’i Press ISBN:9780824834777(288 pages,in English)Japanese classical gardens,which can be seen in the courtyards o...Parkscapes:Green Spaces in Modern Japan Author:Thomas R.H.Havens Year:2011Publisher:University of Hawai’i Press ISBN:9780824834777(288 pages,in English)Japanese classical gardens,which can be seen in the courtyards of temples,courtyards of ancient feudal landlords(emperor,general,and daimyo),and some private mansions of modern statesmen and industrialists,have a long history and are well known around the world.Even though there are many monographs展开更多
文摘If Europe is to achieve the planned transition to a low carbon economy by 2050, succeeding in improving the energy efficiency of the largely inefficient existing building stock will be pivotal. Certain energy efficiency retrofitting obligations have now emerged as part of the EU＇s Energy Performance in Buildings Directive and the Energy Efficiency Directive. Challenges for retrofitting currently include gaps in technical skills both amongst building trades and professionals, a lack of awareness of building owners and users, concerns about compromising cultural heritage as well as a lack of viable business models, comparatively high cost and resulting long pay-back periods currently hamper the progress. Lessons can be drawn here form the EU-funded initiative CONCERTO, which helped 58 communities in 23 countries to reduce their dependence on conventional energy supply by implementing energy efficiency measures and integrating renewable energy sources not at single building scale but community scale. Almost all of these entailed retrofitting activities bad to find solutions to the issues mentioned. This paper presents a selection of conclusions regarding retrofitting to be drawn from the analysis undertaken under the project CONCERTO premium, which analysed outcomes across the 58 projects on behalf of the European Commission and focuses in particular on the political relevance of outcomes.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(51678517)the Research Project of Zhejiang Higher Education and Teaching Reform(JG2015002)+1 种基金the Graduate School Education Research Project of Zhejiang University(20170307)the 2015 Key Teaching Materials,Professional Core Courses,and Education and Reform Project of College of Civil Engineering and Architecture,Zhejiang University
文摘Parkscapes:Green Spaces in Modern Japan Author:Thomas R.H.Havens Year:2011Publisher:University of Hawai’i Press ISBN:9780824834777(288 pages,in English)Japanese classical gardens,which can be seen in the courtyards of temples,courtyards of ancient feudal landlords(emperor,general,and daimyo),and some private mansions of modern statesmen and industrialists,have a long history and are well known around the world.Even though there are many monographs
