Radical anions of electron-deficient perylene diimides(PDI)are attractive near-infrared(NIR)absorbers for photothermal conversion;however,their stability is often compromised by strong aggregation and reoxidation in a...Radical anions of electron-deficient perylene diimides(PDI)are attractive near-infrared(NIR)absorbers for photothermal conversion;however,their stability is often compromised by strong aggregation and reoxidation in air.Herein,we present a class of bacterial composites hybridized with a newly synthesized doubly-strapped PDI cyclophane,termed“Gemini Box”(GBox-3^(4+)),which features air-stable PDI radicals for NIR photothermal conversion.The effective spatial isolation provided by the double-sided cationic molecular straps allows GBox-3^(4+)to completely suppress chromophore aggregation,even in concentrated aqueous solutions up to 2 mmol/L,thereby preserving its characteristic fluorescence for live-cell imaging.After incubation of bacteria with GBox-3^(4+),the radical species PDI·-have been found to stably exist in the bacterial composites under ambient conditions,both in aqueous suspension and solid forms.Further experiments demonstrate that the air stability of the radical species relies on the simultaneous presence of the doubly-strapped PDI dye and the bacteria.Moreover,the dye-bacterial composites exhibited an high-efficiency NIR photothermal effect with high durability,enabling their application as photothermal agents for seawater desalination.This work provides a new access to the in situ fabrication of photothermal materials from biomass,relying on the rational molecular design and the unique microenvironment of bacteria.展开更多
Natural microbial supplements with alleviation of aquacultural eutrophication and white shrimp(Litopenaeus vannamei)quality maintenance were in high demand.Herein,self-screened composite microecological agents(EG)cont...Natural microbial supplements with alleviation of aquacultural eutrophication and white shrimp(Litopenaeus vannamei)quality maintenance were in high demand.Herein,self-screened composite microecological agents(EG)containing Limosilactobacillus fermentum RC4 and Lactiplantibacillus plantarum B6(2:1,10^(9)CFU/g feed)were proposed.The EG excelled in improving aquaculture environment,growth performance,antioxidant capacity and muscle quality,against commercial lactic acid bacteria(LAB)group(CG)and basal feed group(CK).By eliminating nitrite and ammonia nitrogen and inhibiting Vibrio,shrimp growth and survival rate witnessed larger increments for the EG group.Immunity evaluation showed that the activities ofα-amylase and lipase in EG-treated intestine were elevated by 57.14%and 43.58%,respectively,accompanied by 26.87%and 17.63%increases in serum superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase.Hardness and gumminess were notably elevated by 83.7%and 114.0%,respectively,supported by enhanced sensory scores.Shrimp in the EG group also exhibited intact intestinal morphology with well-arranged microvilli.Furthermore,probiotic-mediated microbial restructuring was characterized by enriched beneficial bacteria(Bdellovibrionota,Lactobacillales)and diminished pathogenic Vibrio.Metabolomic and transcriptomic analysis demonstrated that LAB promoted shrimp growth by regulating amino acid metabolism,protein digestion and absorption,modulating the abundance of related metabolites and gene expression.This study revealed the mechanistic basis of composite LAB in the mediation of shrimp growth,offering practical strategies for developing targeted microbial interventions to potentiate sustainable aquaculture systems.展开更多
基金supported by the Beijing Natural Science Foundation(Nos.2242004 and 2232027)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.22171021)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.2023M730245).
文摘Radical anions of electron-deficient perylene diimides(PDI)are attractive near-infrared(NIR)absorbers for photothermal conversion;however,their stability is often compromised by strong aggregation and reoxidation in air.Herein,we present a class of bacterial composites hybridized with a newly synthesized doubly-strapped PDI cyclophane,termed“Gemini Box”(GBox-3^(4+)),which features air-stable PDI radicals for NIR photothermal conversion.The effective spatial isolation provided by the double-sided cationic molecular straps allows GBox-3^(4+)to completely suppress chromophore aggregation,even in concentrated aqueous solutions up to 2 mmol/L,thereby preserving its characteristic fluorescence for live-cell imaging.After incubation of bacteria with GBox-3^(4+),the radical species PDI·-have been found to stably exist in the bacterial composites under ambient conditions,both in aqueous suspension and solid forms.Further experiments demonstrate that the air stability of the radical species relies on the simultaneous presence of the doubly-strapped PDI dye and the bacteria.Moreover,the dye-bacterial composites exhibited an high-efficiency NIR photothermal effect with high durability,enabling their application as photothermal agents for seawater desalination.This work provides a new access to the in situ fabrication of photothermal materials from biomass,relying on the rational molecular design and the unique microenvironment of bacteria.
基金support of the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2022YFD2100603,2022YFD2100600)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32472357,32072195)+1 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province for Distinguished Young Scholars(LR23C200001)the Projects of Bureau of Science and Technology of Ningbo City(2024S128,2024J014).
文摘Natural microbial supplements with alleviation of aquacultural eutrophication and white shrimp(Litopenaeus vannamei)quality maintenance were in high demand.Herein,self-screened composite microecological agents(EG)containing Limosilactobacillus fermentum RC4 and Lactiplantibacillus plantarum B6(2:1,10^(9)CFU/g feed)were proposed.The EG excelled in improving aquaculture environment,growth performance,antioxidant capacity and muscle quality,against commercial lactic acid bacteria(LAB)group(CG)and basal feed group(CK).By eliminating nitrite and ammonia nitrogen and inhibiting Vibrio,shrimp growth and survival rate witnessed larger increments for the EG group.Immunity evaluation showed that the activities ofα-amylase and lipase in EG-treated intestine were elevated by 57.14%and 43.58%,respectively,accompanied by 26.87%and 17.63%increases in serum superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase.Hardness and gumminess were notably elevated by 83.7%and 114.0%,respectively,supported by enhanced sensory scores.Shrimp in the EG group also exhibited intact intestinal morphology with well-arranged microvilli.Furthermore,probiotic-mediated microbial restructuring was characterized by enriched beneficial bacteria(Bdellovibrionota,Lactobacillales)and diminished pathogenic Vibrio.Metabolomic and transcriptomic analysis demonstrated that LAB promoted shrimp growth by regulating amino acid metabolism,protein digestion and absorption,modulating the abundance of related metabolites and gene expression.This study revealed the mechanistic basis of composite LAB in the mediation of shrimp growth,offering practical strategies for developing targeted microbial interventions to potentiate sustainable aquaculture systems.
