Objective This study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of a short acting reduced dose fibrinolytic regimen to promote early infarct related artery (IRA) patency for acyute myocardial infarction (AMI) patients re...Objective This study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of a short acting reduced dose fibrinolytic regimen to promote early infarct related artery (IRA) patency for acyute myocardial infarction (AMI) patients referred for percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).Methods Following aspirin and heparin, 166 patients were randomized to a 50 mg bolus of recombinant tissue type plasminogen activator(rt PA) or to a same volume sodium chloride injection followed by immediate primary PCI. The end points included patency rates on catheterization laboratory (cath lab) arrival, revascularization results when PCI was performed, complication rates, left ventricular function and restored patency rate following PCI. Results Patency on cath lab arrival was 64% with rt PA (34% TIMI 3,30% TIMI 2), while 31% of placebo (13% TIMI 3, 18% TIMI 2). There was no difference in the restored TIMI 3 rates of IRA between the two groups (85% vs 87%). No difference were observed in stroke or major bleeding. Left ventricular function was similar in both groups (52±9% vs 50±8%), but left ventricular ejection fraction fraction (LVEF) was higher with patent IRA (TIMI 3) on cath lab arrival than that of others (56±12% vs 48±10%).Conclusions Strategy thrombolytic regimens were compatible with subsequent PCI lead to more frequenc early recanalization (before cath lab arrival), which facilitates greater left ventricular function preservation with no augmentation of adverse events.展开更多
Zero-watermark technique,embedding watermark without modifying carriers,has been broadly applied for copyright protection of images.However,there is little research on audio zerowatermark.This paper proposes an audio ...Zero-watermark technique,embedding watermark without modifying carriers,has been broadly applied for copyright protection of images.However,there is little research on audio zerowatermark.This paper proposes an audio zero-watermark scheme based on energy relationship between adjacent audio sections.Taking use of discrete wavelet transformation(DWT),it gets power approximations,or energies,of audio segments.Then,it extracts the audio profile,i.e.the zero-watermark,according to the relative size of energies of consecutive fragments.The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed scheme is robust against general malicious attacks including noise addition,resampling,low-pass filtering,etc.,and this approach effectively solves the contradiction between inaudibility and robustness.展开更多
Background:The basic exercise involved in TCC is a series of individual movements that are linked together in a continuous manner and that flow smoothly from one movement to another.Deep breathing and mental concentra...Background:The basic exercise involved in TCC is a series of individual movements that are linked together in a continuous manner and that flow smoothly from one movement to another.Deep breathing and mental concentration are also required to achieve harmony展开更多
Gatifloxacin （GFX） is a kind of chiral fluoroquinolones compound due to the methyl group at the C-3 position of the piperazine ring[1]. Although the enantiomers of GFX show similar levels of antimicrobial activity a...Gatifloxacin （GFX） is a kind of chiral fluoroquinolones compound due to the methyl group at the C-3 position of the piperazine ring[1]. Although the enantiomers of GFX show similar levels of antimicrobial activity and pharmacokinetics[2], the other biological activities （i.e., toxicity or enantioselective recognition to various receptors in vivo） of GFX enantiomers have not yet been studied. With this in mind, we developed a rapid and cost-effective high performance liquid chromatographic （HPLC） separation procedure for GFX enantiomers with a pre-column esterification strategy.展开更多
In order to compare the aviation network of mid-south,northwest and southwest of China to reveal the structure similarity and difference for providing quantitative evidence to construct regional aviation network and i...In order to compare the aviation network of mid-south,northwest and southwest of China to reveal the structure similarity and difference for providing quantitative evidence to construct regional aviation network and improve its structure,hierarchical index model of regional aviation network was established through dividing the aviation network into layers to research its structure characters.Data matrixes were defined to record the basic state of regional aviation network.Index matrixes were constructed to describe the quantitative features of regional aviation network.On the basis of these indexes,several structure indexes of all layers of aviation network were calculated to show the structure features of aviation network,such as ratio of passenger volume within the region with across the region,share rate of passenger volume among layers,ratio of average number of airline for each airport,ratio of average passenger volume for each airline and ratio of airline rate.According to the statistical data,similar structure of share rate of passenger volume among layers and average passenger volume for each airline in their regional aviation network was found after calculating.But on the side of ratio of passenger volume within the region with across the region,ratio of average number of airlines for each airport and ratio of airline rate were different.展开更多
Background Prior randomized trials have shown reduced bleeding with bivalirudin compared with unfractionated heparin （UFH） in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention （PCI）. However, it is not known ...Background Prior randomized trials have shown reduced bleeding with bivalirudin compared with unfractionated heparin （UFH） in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention （PCI）. However, it is not known if this benefit is also present when UFH doses are more tightly controlled （as measured by activated clotting time, ACT）.展开更多
A series of metal cutting experiments was performed on a CNC lathe to evaluate the performance of various coatings on different tool substrates. The workpiece material was plain medium carbon steel and the cutting too...A series of metal cutting experiments was performed on a CNC lathe to evaluate the performance of various coatings on different tool substrates. The workpiece material was plain medium carbon steel and the cutting tool materials were carbide and cermet inserts coated with various single as well as multilayer coatings. Machining was done under various cutting conditions of speed and feed-rate, and for various durations of Cutting. The output parameters studied were the cutting forces (axial, radial and tangential), the surface roughness of the workpiece, as well as the tool wear (crater and flank wear). From these results, the performances of the various cutting inserts are evaluated and compared. Results show that cutting forces are significantly lower when using coated cermets than when using coated carbides although different coatings on the same substrate also result in different cutting forces. However, there is less difference in the surface roughness of the finished workpiece for the various coatings and substrates.展开更多
There were obvious differences between a medium gravel-less perforated pipe leach fields and a small system in the treatment of demestic sewage with the change of influent quality. In small system, COD removal rate wa...There were obvious differences between a medium gravel-less perforated pipe leach fields and a small system in the treatment of demestic sewage with the change of influent quality. In small system, COD removal rate was 91%, ammonia nitrogen removal rate was 90%, total nitrogen was 58%. In medium system, COD removal rate was 86.07%, ammonia nitrogen removal rate was 45.3%, and total nitrogen was 48.2%. This paper studied on the differences. Its main reasons were as follows: differences in opening rate (perforated area account of the total area in infiltration pipe), air flow conditions, exterior environment, and wastewater distribution. Considering those problems, Solutions and applications for the development of GPPLF are given.展开更多
The words---coordination, coordination abilities and coordination training are getting more and more popular among the coaches in different sports. The rhythm makes the movement logical, easy and correct done. The pur...The words---coordination, coordination abilities and coordination training are getting more and more popular among the coaches in different sports. The rhythm makes the movement logical, easy and correct done. The purpose of this study is to determine any difference between the coordination abilities of 10-11 years old gifts practicing basketball and rhythmic gymnastics. In that study, we have tested 40 girls at the age of 10-11 years practicing basketball and rhythmic gymnastic. We have tested them by 7 coordination tests. The results from the tests have been calculated in math-statistic methods and we have used descriptive statistic and t-test by Student with guaranteed probability Pt 〉 95 %. Ten-eleven old girls practicing rhythmic gymnastic have advantage against the girls practicing basketball in all 7 tests examining coordination abilities. The girls practicing rhythmic gymnastic, guaranteed by statistic, have better results in the balance and rhythmic abilities than the girls practicing basketball game. That statement is showing us that at this age the rhythmic gymnastic or elements from rhythmic gymnastic should be used for developing balance and rhythmic ability, which are very important for the basketball game.展开更多
For large generators, the problem of high-resistance grounding method and the advantages of resonance, grounding method are discussed in detail, and an overall comparison is given in this paper. It is recommended that...For large generators, the problem of high-resistance grounding method and the advantages of resonance, grounding method are discussed in detail, and an overall comparison is given in this paper. It is recommended that the latter should be adopted so as to increase the operation reliability of large generators and power systems.展开更多
Objective: To compare the efficacy and side effects of levonorgestrel and low dose mifepristone in emergency contraception. Method: The study is a randomized double--blind multicenter comparative trial. A total of 1, ...Objective: To compare the efficacy and side effects of levonorgestrel and low dose mifepristone in emergency contraception. Method: The study is a randomized double--blind multicenter comparative trial. A total of 1, 276 women with unprotected intercourse within 72 hours were allocated to one of the two study groups. In the levonorgestrel (LNG) group, 0. 75 mg LNG was taken twice, 12 hours apart, whereas in the mifepristone (Mife) group, a single dose of 10 mg mifepristone was taken and a placebo 12 hours after. Follow--up visit was paid on the seventh day of the expected next menstruation to evaluate the contraceptive efficacy and side effects. Contraceptive efficacy was calculated by Dixon’s method. Result:In the LNG group 20 pregnancies occurred among 643 women, while in the Mife group 9 pregnancies occurred among 633 women. The pregnancy rates were 3. 10% and 1. 43% respectively. Contraceptive efficacy rate of preventing pregnancy was 59. 16% and 79. 73%, the difference was statistically significant (P<O. 05). The incidence of various side effects, which were mild, was less than 10%. There was no statistical difference between the two groups. The percentage of subjects who had their next menstruation 3 days earlier or later than their expected menstruation in LNG group and Mife group was 77. 7% and 78. 5% respectively. Conclusion: Use of levonorgestrel or low dose mifepristone for emergency contraception is effective and safe.展开更多
Parts of China are an advanced industrial society with excellent public transportation, universities, industry, and other modern features; while other parts （geographically and functionally） remain a developing nati...Parts of China are an advanced industrial society with excellent public transportation, universities, industry, and other modern features; while other parts （geographically and functionally） remain a developing nation. For China, to build a stronger and more equitable society requires much work to develop governance at the local level. In pursuit of this goal, China actively seeks to learn lessons from abroad, including from American local government. This article examines the similarities and differences between these two nations and their systems of government toward the end of identifying potential challenges to Chinese efforts to learn from American-style local governance. This is grounded in policy transfer theory, which guides the discussion of how to learn from other jurisdictions--from other jurisdictions within the nation, from other points in time within the nation, and from other nations. Perhaps the ultimate questions are, ＂Should China continue efforts to learn from external models or focus its energy internally？＂ and ＂Does China need a more clearly defined governance model rather than its current approach that simultaneously allows and questions a high degree of decentralization （both within the party and the government）？＂ This paper seeks to add to that intellectual discourse by applying recent data and a conceptual framework.展开更多
The genetic basis for Gossypium hirsutum race latifolium,the putative ancestor of cultivated upland cotton,emerging from the semi-wild races to be domesticated into cultivated upland cotton is unknown.Here,we reported...The genetic basis for Gossypium hirsutum race latifolium,the putative ancestor of cultivated upland cotton,emerging from the semi-wild races to be domesticated into cultivated upland cotton is unknown.Here,we reported a high-quality genome assembly of G.latifolium.Comparative genome analyses revealed substantial variations in both gene group composition and genomic sequences across 13 cotton genomes,including the expansion of photosynthesis-related gene groups in G.latifolium compared with other races and the pivotal contribution of structural variations(SVs)to G.hirsutum domestication.Based on the resequencing reads and constructed pan-genome of upland cotton,co-selection regions and SVs with significant frequency differences among different populations were identified.Genes located in these regions or affected by these variations may characterize the differences between G.latifolium and other races,and could be involved in maintenance of upland cotton domestication phenotypes.These findings may assist in mining genes for upland cotton improvement and improving the understanding of the genetic basis of upland cotton domestication.展开更多
This article introduces a novel 20 V radiation-hardened high-voltage metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor(MOSFET)driver with an optimized input circuit and a drain-surrounding-source(DSS)structure.The inp...This article introduces a novel 20 V radiation-hardened high-voltage metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor(MOSFET)driver with an optimized input circuit and a drain-surrounding-source(DSS)structure.The input circuit of a conventional inverter consists of a thick-gate-oxide n-type MOSFET(NMOS).These conventional drivers can tolerate a total ionizing dose(TID)of up to 100 krad(Si).In contrast,the proposed comparator input circuit uses both a thick-gate-oxide p-type MOSFET(PMOS)and thin-gate-oxide NMOS to offer a high input voltage and higher TID tolerance.Because the thick-gate-oxide PMOS and thin-gate-oxide NMOS collectively provide better TID tolerance than the thick-gate-oxide NMOS,the circuit exhibits enhanced TID tolerance of>300 krad(Si).Simulations and experimental date indicate that the DSS structure reduces the probability of unwanted parasitic bipolar junction transistor activation,yielding a better single-event effect tolerance of over 81.8 MeVcm^(2)mg^(-1).The innovative strategy proposed in this study involves circuit and layout design optimization,and does not require any specialized process flow.Hence,the proposed circuit can be manufactured using common commercial 0.35μm BCD processes.展开更多
A feasible method of combining the concept of fluorescence half-life and the power dependent photo- bleaching rate for characterizing the practical photostability of fluorescent proteins （FPs） was introduced. Furthe...A feasible method of combining the concept of fluorescence half-life and the power dependent photo- bleaching rate for characterizing the practical photostability of fluorescent proteins （FPs） was introduced. Furthermore, by using a fluorescent photostability standard, a relative comparison of the photostabilty of FPs from different research groups was proposed, which would be of great benefit for developing novel FPs with optimized emission wavelength, better brightness, and improved photostability. We used rho- damine B as an example to verify this method and evaluate the practical photostability of a far-red FP, mKate-S158C. Experimental results indicated good potential of this method for further study.展开更多
Genetic information has been instrumental in elucidating the relationship between the East Asian Summer Monsoon(EASM)and subtropical evergreen broad-leaved forests(EBLFs).However,how the genomic insights of EBLFs’spe...Genetic information has been instrumental in elucidating the relationship between the East Asian Summer Monsoon(EASM)and subtropical evergreen broad-leaved forests(EBLFs).However,how the genomic insights of EBLFs’species correspond to environmental shifts induced by the EASM remains limited.In this study,we investigated the adaptive mechanisms of evergreen Engelhardia species in response to the EASM through genome sequencing and comparative genomic analyses from the de novo genome assemblies of fiveclosely related Engelhardia taxa and one Rhoiptelea species.Our findingsrevealed that the divergence of evergreen trees from their sister deciduous species is closely associated with the onset and intensification of the EASM.This genomic transitionmayhave coincided with a significantexpansion of the terpene synthase(TPS)gene family in E.fenzelii,driven by four distinct modes of gene duplication.This expansion enhances the biosynthesis of terpene volatiles,providing a defensive mechanism against potential herbivory in EASM affected environments.We also identifieda shared whole-genome duplication(WGD)event across Engelhardia,along with substantial differences in transposable element(TE)composition and activity,which contributed to genome size variation between E.fenzelii and E.roxburghiana.In addition,demographic analyses revealed a continuous population decline over the past 10 million years,further exacerbated by recenthumandisturbance,underscoring the conservation urgency for these species.These results not only provide preliminary insights into the complex evolutionary dynamics within the Engelhardia genus from genomic insights(e.g.,the intricate relationships between genomic variations,environmental changes,and adaptive responses driven by significantclimatic events such as the EASM),but also provides valuable insights into the conservation significance of EBLFs.展开更多
The US market for women's synthetic trou-sers is characterised by intense competition,with Asian countries playing a dominant role in exports.This analysis delves into the market performance of leading exporters,a...The US market for women's synthetic trou-sers is characterised by intense competition,with Asian countries playing a dominant role in exports.This analysis delves into the market performance of leading exporters,assessing key indicators such as export values,revealed comparative advantage(RCA).unit value realisation(UVR),and the effect of tariff rates.展开更多
文摘Objective This study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of a short acting reduced dose fibrinolytic regimen to promote early infarct related artery (IRA) patency for acyute myocardial infarction (AMI) patients referred for percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).Methods Following aspirin and heparin, 166 patients were randomized to a 50 mg bolus of recombinant tissue type plasminogen activator(rt PA) or to a same volume sodium chloride injection followed by immediate primary PCI. The end points included patency rates on catheterization laboratory (cath lab) arrival, revascularization results when PCI was performed, complication rates, left ventricular function and restored patency rate following PCI. Results Patency on cath lab arrival was 64% with rt PA (34% TIMI 3,30% TIMI 2), while 31% of placebo (13% TIMI 3, 18% TIMI 2). There was no difference in the restored TIMI 3 rates of IRA between the two groups (85% vs 87%). No difference were observed in stroke or major bleeding. Left ventricular function was similar in both groups (52±9% vs 50±8%), but left ventricular ejection fraction fraction (LVEF) was higher with patent IRA (TIMI 3) on cath lab arrival than that of others (56±12% vs 48±10%).Conclusions Strategy thrombolytic regimens were compatible with subsequent PCI lead to more frequenc early recanalization (before cath lab arrival), which facilitates greater left ventricular function preservation with no augmentation of adverse events.
基金This work is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No. 61170269, No. 61170272, No. 61202082, Beijing Natural Science Foundation under Grant No. 4122026, the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities under Grant No. BUPT2013RC0308, No. BUPT2013RC0311, and Scientific Research Common Program of Beijing Municipal Commission of Education under Grant No. KM201210015007, KM201210015006.
文摘Zero-watermark technique,embedding watermark without modifying carriers,has been broadly applied for copyright protection of images.However,there is little research on audio zerowatermark.This paper proposes an audio zero-watermark scheme based on energy relationship between adjacent audio sections.Taking use of discrete wavelet transformation(DWT),it gets power approximations,or energies,of audio segments.Then,it extracts the audio profile,i.e.the zero-watermark,according to the relative size of energies of consecutive fragments.The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed scheme is robust against general malicious attacks including noise addition,resampling,low-pass filtering,etc.,and this approach effectively solves the contradiction between inaudibility and robustness.
文摘Background:The basic exercise involved in TCC is a series of individual movements that are linked together in a continuous manner and that flow smoothly from one movement to another.Deep breathing and mental concentration are also required to achieve harmony
基金supported by Guangdong Natural Science Foundation(S2013030013338)the Ph D.Programs Foundation of Ministry of Education of China(20114404130002)Guangdong Planed Program in Science and Technology(cgzhzd0808,2013B051000072,2012A020100002)
文摘Gatifloxacin （GFX） is a kind of chiral fluoroquinolones compound due to the methyl group at the C-3 position of the piperazine ring[1]. Although the enantiomers of GFX show similar levels of antimicrobial activity and pharmacokinetics[2], the other biological activities （i.e., toxicity or enantioselective recognition to various receptors in vivo） of GFX enantiomers have not yet been studied. With this in mind, we developed a rapid and cost-effective high performance liquid chromatographic （HPLC） separation procedure for GFX enantiomers with a pre-column esterification strategy.
文摘In order to compare the aviation network of mid-south,northwest and southwest of China to reveal the structure similarity and difference for providing quantitative evidence to construct regional aviation network and improve its structure,hierarchical index model of regional aviation network was established through dividing the aviation network into layers to research its structure characters.Data matrixes were defined to record the basic state of regional aviation network.Index matrixes were constructed to describe the quantitative features of regional aviation network.On the basis of these indexes,several structure indexes of all layers of aviation network were calculated to show the structure features of aviation network,such as ratio of passenger volume within the region with across the region,share rate of passenger volume among layers,ratio of average number of airline for each airport,ratio of average passenger volume for each airline and ratio of airline rate.According to the statistical data,similar structure of share rate of passenger volume among layers and average passenger volume for each airline in their regional aviation network was found after calculating.But on the side of ratio of passenger volume within the region with across the region,ratio of average number of airlines for each airport and ratio of airline rate were different.
文摘Background Prior randomized trials have shown reduced bleeding with bivalirudin compared with unfractionated heparin （UFH） in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention （PCI）. However, it is not known if this benefit is also present when UFH doses are more tightly controlled （as measured by activated clotting time, ACT）.
文摘A series of metal cutting experiments was performed on a CNC lathe to evaluate the performance of various coatings on different tool substrates. The workpiece material was plain medium carbon steel and the cutting tool materials were carbide and cermet inserts coated with various single as well as multilayer coatings. Machining was done under various cutting conditions of speed and feed-rate, and for various durations of Cutting. The output parameters studied were the cutting forces (axial, radial and tangential), the surface roughness of the workpiece, as well as the tool wear (crater and flank wear). From these results, the performances of the various cutting inserts are evaluated and compared. Results show that cutting forces are significantly lower when using coated cermets than when using coated carbides although different coatings on the same substrate also result in different cutting forces. However, there is less difference in the surface roughness of the finished workpiece for the various coatings and substrates.
文摘There were obvious differences between a medium gravel-less perforated pipe leach fields and a small system in the treatment of demestic sewage with the change of influent quality. In small system, COD removal rate was 91%, ammonia nitrogen removal rate was 90%, total nitrogen was 58%. In medium system, COD removal rate was 86.07%, ammonia nitrogen removal rate was 45.3%, and total nitrogen was 48.2%. This paper studied on the differences. Its main reasons were as follows: differences in opening rate (perforated area account of the total area in infiltration pipe), air flow conditions, exterior environment, and wastewater distribution. Considering those problems, Solutions and applications for the development of GPPLF are given.
文摘The words---coordination, coordination abilities and coordination training are getting more and more popular among the coaches in different sports. The rhythm makes the movement logical, easy and correct done. The purpose of this study is to determine any difference between the coordination abilities of 10-11 years old gifts practicing basketball and rhythmic gymnastics. In that study, we have tested 40 girls at the age of 10-11 years practicing basketball and rhythmic gymnastic. We have tested them by 7 coordination tests. The results from the tests have been calculated in math-statistic methods and we have used descriptive statistic and t-test by Student with guaranteed probability Pt 〉 95 %. Ten-eleven old girls practicing rhythmic gymnastic have advantage against the girls practicing basketball in all 7 tests examining coordination abilities. The girls practicing rhythmic gymnastic, guaranteed by statistic, have better results in the balance and rhythmic abilities than the girls practicing basketball game. That statement is showing us that at this age the rhythmic gymnastic or elements from rhythmic gymnastic should be used for developing balance and rhythmic ability, which are very important for the basketball game.
文摘For large generators, the problem of high-resistance grounding method and the advantages of resonance, grounding method are discussed in detail, and an overall comparison is given in this paper. It is recommended that the latter should be adopted so as to increase the operation reliability of large generators and power systems.
文摘Objective: To compare the efficacy and side effects of levonorgestrel and low dose mifepristone in emergency contraception. Method: The study is a randomized double--blind multicenter comparative trial. A total of 1, 276 women with unprotected intercourse within 72 hours were allocated to one of the two study groups. In the levonorgestrel (LNG) group, 0. 75 mg LNG was taken twice, 12 hours apart, whereas in the mifepristone (Mife) group, a single dose of 10 mg mifepristone was taken and a placebo 12 hours after. Follow--up visit was paid on the seventh day of the expected next menstruation to evaluate the contraceptive efficacy and side effects. Contraceptive efficacy was calculated by Dixon’s method. Result:In the LNG group 20 pregnancies occurred among 643 women, while in the Mife group 9 pregnancies occurred among 633 women. The pregnancy rates were 3. 10% and 1. 43% respectively. Contraceptive efficacy rate of preventing pregnancy was 59. 16% and 79. 73%, the difference was statistically significant (P<O. 05). The incidence of various side effects, which were mild, was less than 10%. There was no statistical difference between the two groups. The percentage of subjects who had their next menstruation 3 days earlier or later than their expected menstruation in LNG group and Mife group was 77. 7% and 78. 5% respectively. Conclusion: Use of levonorgestrel or low dose mifepristone for emergency contraception is effective and safe.
文摘Parts of China are an advanced industrial society with excellent public transportation, universities, industry, and other modern features; while other parts （geographically and functionally） remain a developing nation. For China, to build a stronger and more equitable society requires much work to develop governance at the local level. In pursuit of this goal, China actively seeks to learn lessons from abroad, including from American local government. This article examines the similarities and differences between these two nations and their systems of government toward the end of identifying potential challenges to Chinese efforts to learn from American-style local governance. This is grounded in policy transfer theory, which guides the discussion of how to learn from other jurisdictions--from other jurisdictions within the nation, from other points in time within the nation, and from other nations. Perhaps the ultimate questions are, ＂Should China continue efforts to learn from external models or focus its energy internally？＂ and ＂Does China need a more clearly defined governance model rather than its current approach that simultaneously allows and questions a high degree of decentralization （both within the party and the government）？＂ This paper seeks to add to that intellectual discourse by applying recent data and a conceptual framework.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32201873)the Key Research and Development Plan of Hubei Province(2023BBB050)。
文摘The genetic basis for Gossypium hirsutum race latifolium,the putative ancestor of cultivated upland cotton,emerging from the semi-wild races to be domesticated into cultivated upland cotton is unknown.Here,we reported a high-quality genome assembly of G.latifolium.Comparative genome analyses revealed substantial variations in both gene group composition and genomic sequences across 13 cotton genomes,including the expansion of photosynthesis-related gene groups in G.latifolium compared with other races and the pivotal contribution of structural variations(SVs)to G.hirsutum domestication.Based on the resequencing reads and constructed pan-genome of upland cotton,co-selection regions and SVs with significant frequency differences among different populations were identified.Genes located in these regions or affected by these variations may characterize the differences between G.latifolium and other races,and could be involved in maintenance of upland cotton domestication phenotypes.These findings may assist in mining genes for upland cotton improvement and improving the understanding of the genetic basis of upland cotton domestication.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(U2241221).
文摘This article introduces a novel 20 V radiation-hardened high-voltage metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor(MOSFET)driver with an optimized input circuit and a drain-surrounding-source(DSS)structure.The input circuit of a conventional inverter consists of a thick-gate-oxide n-type MOSFET(NMOS).These conventional drivers can tolerate a total ionizing dose(TID)of up to 100 krad(Si).In contrast,the proposed comparator input circuit uses both a thick-gate-oxide p-type MOSFET(PMOS)and thin-gate-oxide NMOS to offer a high input voltage and higher TID tolerance.Because the thick-gate-oxide PMOS and thin-gate-oxide NMOS collectively provide better TID tolerance than the thick-gate-oxide NMOS,the circuit exhibits enhanced TID tolerance of>300 krad(Si).Simulations and experimental date indicate that the DSS structure reduces the probability of unwanted parasitic bipolar junction transistor activation,yielding a better single-event effect tolerance of over 81.8 MeVcm^(2)mg^(-1).The innovative strategy proposed in this study involves circuit and layout design optimization,and does not require any specialized process flow.Hence,the proposed circuit can be manufactured using common commercial 0.35μm BCD processes.
基金supported by the National HighTech Research and Development Program of China(No.2006AA020801)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.30770525)the Programme of Introducing Talents of Discipline to Universities
文摘A feasible method of combining the concept of fluorescence half-life and the power dependent photo- bleaching rate for characterizing the practical photostability of fluorescent proteins （FPs） was introduced. Furthermore, by using a fluorescent photostability standard, a relative comparison of the photostabilty of FPs from different research groups was proposed, which would be of great benefit for developing novel FPs with optimized emission wavelength, better brightness, and improved photostability. We used rho- damine B as an example to verify this method and evaluate the practical photostability of a far-red FP, mKate-S158C. Experimental results indicated good potential of this method for further study.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.42171063)Southeast Asia Biodiversity Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Sciences(No.Y4ZK111B01)+6 种基金the Special Fund for ScientificResearch of Shanghai Landscaping&City Appearance Administrative Bureau(G242414,G242416)the“Yunnan Revitalization Talent Support Program”in Yunnan Province(XDYC-QNRC-2022-0028)Yunnan Revitalization Talent Support Program“Innovation Team”Project(202405AS350019)the CAS“Light of West China”Programthe 14th Five-Year Plan of Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden,Chinese Academy Sciences(XTBG-1450303)the European Research Council(ERC)under the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program(No.833522)GhentUniversity(Methusalem funding,BOF.MET.2021.0005.01).
文摘Genetic information has been instrumental in elucidating the relationship between the East Asian Summer Monsoon(EASM)and subtropical evergreen broad-leaved forests(EBLFs).However,how the genomic insights of EBLFs’species correspond to environmental shifts induced by the EASM remains limited.In this study,we investigated the adaptive mechanisms of evergreen Engelhardia species in response to the EASM through genome sequencing and comparative genomic analyses from the de novo genome assemblies of fiveclosely related Engelhardia taxa and one Rhoiptelea species.Our findingsrevealed that the divergence of evergreen trees from their sister deciduous species is closely associated with the onset and intensification of the EASM.This genomic transitionmayhave coincided with a significantexpansion of the terpene synthase(TPS)gene family in E.fenzelii,driven by four distinct modes of gene duplication.This expansion enhances the biosynthesis of terpene volatiles,providing a defensive mechanism against potential herbivory in EASM affected environments.We also identifieda shared whole-genome duplication(WGD)event across Engelhardia,along with substantial differences in transposable element(TE)composition and activity,which contributed to genome size variation between E.fenzelii and E.roxburghiana.In addition,demographic analyses revealed a continuous population decline over the past 10 million years,further exacerbated by recenthumandisturbance,underscoring the conservation urgency for these species.These results not only provide preliminary insights into the complex evolutionary dynamics within the Engelhardia genus from genomic insights(e.g.,the intricate relationships between genomic variations,environmental changes,and adaptive responses driven by significantclimatic events such as the EASM),but also provides valuable insights into the conservation significance of EBLFs.
文摘The US market for women's synthetic trou-sers is characterised by intense competition,with Asian countries playing a dominant role in exports.This analysis delves into the market performance of leading exporters,assessing key indicators such as export values,revealed comparative advantage(RCA).unit value realisation(UVR),and the effect of tariff rates.
