Objective The aim of this study was to assess quality of results of elderly patients with coronary disease after medical or revascularisation therapy. Methods In this study, we enrolled 103 patients aged 75 years or o...Objective The aim of this study was to assess quality of results of elderly patients with coronary disease after medical or revascularisation therapy. Methods In this study, we enrolled 103 patients aged 75 years or older with chronic angina in which 47 patients were assigned coronary angiography and revascularisation and 56 patients with optimised medical therapy. The primary endpoint was quality of life after 6 months, as assessed by questionnaire and the presence of major adverse cardiac events (death, non fatal myocardial infarction, or hospital admission for acute coronary syndrome with or without the need for revascularisation). Results After 6 months follow up, angina severity decreased and measures of quality of life increased in both treatment groups( P <0.05 ); however, these improvements were significantly greater after revascularisation( P <0.01 ). Major adverse cardiac events occurred in 30 ( 53.6% ) of patients in the medical group and 9 ( 19.1% ) in the invasive group ( P <0.01 ).Conclusions Patients aged 75 years or older with angina benefit more from revascularisation than from optimised medical therapy in terms of symptom relief and quality of life. Therefore, these patients should be offered invasive assessment despite their high risk profile followed by revascularisation if feasible.展开更多
随着分子生物学和基因组、蛋白组学技术的高速发展,越来越多的过敏原蛋白得到鉴定。为了提高对过敏原的研究及其在食品安全上的应用,很多机构都建立了不同类型的过敏原数据库。本文详细介绍了由美国健康与环境科学研究所(Health and Env...随着分子生物学和基因组、蛋白组学技术的高速发展,越来越多的过敏原蛋白得到鉴定。为了提高对过敏原的研究及其在食品安全上的应用,很多机构都建立了不同类型的过敏原数据库。本文详细介绍了由美国健康与环境科学研究所(Health and Environmental Sciences Institute,HESI)协调组织国际合作团队建立的一个过敏原综合数据库COMPARE (COMprehensive Protein Allergen REsource),该数据库通过高通量序列分选算法结合专家人工审核方法,从各个公共蛋白质数据库、其他过敏原数据库以及相关文献中筛选过敏原,每年更新一次。此外还开发了基于FASTA算法的序列比对工具COMPASS (COMPare Analysis of Sequences with Software),允许用户进行实时序列比对。该数据库已广泛应用于新过敏原蛋白的鉴定以及蛋白质潜在致敏性的评价,对于食品安全管理和保障有重要参考价值。本文通过对COMPARE数据库的全面介绍,旨在提高该数据库在我国的应用价值,推动过敏原分子生物信息学的研究以及食品安全的发展。展开更多
Background With an aggravated social ageing level, the number of patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) is gradually increasing, and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is considered to be an early form of Alzheimer&#...Background With an aggravated social ageing level, the number of patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) is gradually increasing, and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is considered to be an early form of Alzheimer's disease. How to distinguish diseases in the early stage for the purposes of early diagnosis and treatment is an important topic. Aims The purpose of our study was to investigate the differences in brain cortical thickness and surface area among elderly patients with AD, elderly patients with amnestic MCI (aMCI) and normal controls (NC). Methods 20 AD patients, 21 aMCIs and 25 NC were recruited in the study. FreeSurfer software was used to calculate cortical thickness and surface area among groups. Results The patients with AD had less cortical thickness both in the left and right hemisphere in 17 of the 36 brain regions examined than the patients with aMCI or NC. The patients with AD also had smaller cerebral surface area both in the left and right hemisphere in 3 of the 36 brain regions examined than the patients with aMCI or NC. Compared with the NC, the patients with aMCI only had slight atrophy in the inferior parietal lobe of the left hemisphere, and no significant difference was found. Conclusion AD, as well as aMCI (to a lesser extent), is associated with reduced cortical thickness and surface area in a few brain regions associated with cognitive impairment. These results suggest that cortical thickness and surface area could be used for early detection of AD.展开更多
The measured relative rates of halophilic and protophilic attacks (k_X/k_H) indicate that the rates of halophilic attacks are comparable in magnitude to those of protophilic attacks (deprotonations).
Ischemic heart disease(IHD) is known as the leading cause of death in both genders. Moreover, significant sex differences were found in cardiac structure, function, pathophysiology, presentation, treatment, and outcom...Ischemic heart disease(IHD) is known as the leading cause of death in both genders. Moreover, significant sex differences were found in cardiac structure, function, pathophysiology, presentation, treatment, and outcome of IHD. The presence of unique risk factors such as exposure to menarche and pregnancy, more anemia, hypertension, and autoimmune disorders in women have recently received attention. Ischemic symptoms are more indefinite and vague in women compared to men as well as a delay in diagnosis, treatment, and worse outcomes compared to men. Women usually receive less evidence-based treatment and intervention, with less concern on preventive health care. Clinical trials primarily recruit male patients and women are underrepresented. Without any correct diagnosis, treatment, and prevention, these problems are accumulated and continue up to older age. Accordingly, with the belief of longer life in women and the increased prevalence of IHD with aging, it will become an important public health problem and concern in the future. This narrative review aimed to provide an overview of some of the differences between the two genders in terms of IHD with paying more attention to practical points.展开更多
compare with 与 compare to 在使用时,有其各自的不同点,也有共同点,现分述如下: 一、两者的不同点 1.一般说来compare with 作“把……和……比较”解:强调比较两者(同类、性质相同)的不同处,是衡量优劣的意思,列如: (1)If we compare...compare with 与 compare to 在使用时,有其各自的不同点,也有共同点,现分述如下: 一、两者的不同点 1.一般说来compare with 作“把……和……比较”解:强调比较两者(同类、性质相同)的不同处,是衡量优劣的意思,列如: (1)If we compare the China of today with the China of yesterday.we see what a change we have effected.展开更多
Female appellations are changing with time,which has attracted many attention from scholars.In the last century,"xiaojie"was very popular.The word"xiaojie"was then replaced by"meinv"becau...Female appellations are changing with time,which has attracted many attention from scholars.In the last century,"xiaojie"was very popular.The word"xiaojie"was then replaced by"meinv"because of its negative images.Nowadays,with the development of network buzzwords,the word"Xiao jiejie"gradually come into the public eye.In this paper,I will compare these two female appellations"meinv"and"Xiao jiejie"from four aspects:the introduction of origin and population,the characteristics of word structures,target users,and the pragmatics effects.展开更多
According to the World Health Organization a vaccine for the Coronavirus maybe 18 months away,but the financial repercussions could last for five years.When it comes to the economy,2020 may feel a lot like a repeat of...According to the World Health Organization a vaccine for the Coronavirus maybe 18 months away,but the financial repercussions could last for five years.When it comes to the economy,2020 may feel a lot like a repeat of the 2008 Great Recession.Back then,deeply rooted problems in the banking system,coupled with an overheated real estate market,caused a major financial meltdown in the US.展开更多
Compared to the dubbing, the version of subtitling has many defects, including the faults purely in language translation and the inaccuracy in the cultural images. As a media of cultural communication, the translator ...Compared to the dubbing, the version of subtitling has many defects, including the faults purely in language translation and the inaccuracy in the cultural images. As a media of cultural communication, the translator of the subtitling has to pay enough attention to the art of language, and has to take strategies centering on the audience, promoting the cultural communication and reducing the cultural differences.展开更多
In recent years,interest in the larvae of black soldier fly(BSF)(Hermetia illucens)as a sustainable protein resource for livestock feed has increased considerably.However,knowledge on the nutritional and physiological...In recent years,interest in the larvae of black soldier fly(BSF)(Hermetia illucens)as a sustainable protein resource for livestock feed has increased considerably.However,knowledge on the nutritional and physiological aspects of this insect,especially compared to other conventional farmed animals is scarce.This review presents a critical comparison of data on the growth potential and efficiency of the BSF larvae(BSFL)compared to conventional monogastric livestock species.Advantages of BSFL over other monogastric livestock species includes their high growth rate and their ability to convert low-grade organic waste into high-quality protein and fat-rich biomass suitable for use in animal feed.Calculations using literature data suggest that BSFL are more efficient than broilers,pigs and fish in terms of conversion of substrate protein into body mass,but less efficient than broilers and fish in utilization of substrate gross energy to gain body mass.BSFL growth efficiency varies greatly depending on the nutrient quality of their dietary substrates.This might be associated with the function of their gastrointestinal tract,including the activity of digestive enzymes,the substrate particle characteristics,and their intestinal microbial community.The conceived advantage of BSFL having an environmental footprint better than conventional livestock is only true if BSFL is produced on low-grade organic waste and its protein would directly be used for human consumption.Therefore,their potential role as a new species to better close nutrient cycles in agro-ecological systems needs to be reconsidered,and we conclude that BSFL is a complementary livestock species efficiently utilizing organic waste that cannot be utilized by other livestock.In addition,we provide comparative insight into morpho-functional aspects of the gut,characterization of digestive enzymes,gut microbiota and fiber digestion.Finally,current knowledge on the nutritional utilization and requirements of BSFL in terms of macro-and micronutrients is reviewed and found to be rather limited.In addition,the research methods to determine nutritional requirements of conventional livestock are not applicable for BSFL.Thus,there is a great need for research on the nutrient requirements of BSFL.展开更多
We report the genetic linkage map of Jian carp(C yprinus carpio var. Jian). An F1 population comprising 94 Jian carp individuals was mapped using 254 microsatellite markers. The genetic map spanned 1 381.592 c M and c...We report the genetic linkage map of Jian carp(C yprinus carpio var. Jian). An F1 population comprising 94 Jian carp individuals was mapped using 254 microsatellite markers. The genetic map spanned 1 381.592 c M and comprised 44 linkage groups,with an average marker distance of 6.58 c M. We identified eight quantitative trait loci(QTLs) for body weight(BW) in seven linkage groups,explaining 12.6% to 17.3% of the phenotypic variance. Comparative mapping was performed between Jian carp and mirror carp( Cyprinus carpio L.),which both have 50 chromosomes. One hundred and ninety-eight Jian carp marker loci were found in common with the mirror carp map,with 186(93.94%) showing synteny. All 44 Jian carp linkage groups could be one-to-one aligned to the 44 mirror carp linkage groups,mostly sharing two or more common loci. Three QTLs for BW in Jian carp were conserved in mirror carp. QTL comparison suggested that the QTL confidence interval in mirror carp was more precise than the homologous interval in Jian carp,which was contained within the QTL interval in Jian carp. The syntenic relationship and consensus QTLs between the two varieties provide a foundation for genomic research and genetic breeding in common carp.展开更多
Medically assisted reproduction(MAR)techniques are highly dependent on the sperm quantity and quality.Low sperm concentrations can be bypassed at least to some point by the usage of more sophisticated MAR techniques l...Medically assisted reproduction(MAR)techniques are highly dependent on the sperm quantity and quality.Low sperm concentrations can be bypassed at least to some point by the usage of more sophisticated MAR techniques like intracytoplasmic sperm injection(ICSI).Compared to this,disruptions in established indicators of sperm quality like motility or morphology pose greater challenges for the therapy of couple infertility.展开更多
The genetic basis for Gossypium hirsutum race latifolium,the putative ancestor of cultivated upland cotton,emerging from the semi-wild races to be domesticated into cultivated upland cotton is unknown.Here,we reported...The genetic basis for Gossypium hirsutum race latifolium,the putative ancestor of cultivated upland cotton,emerging from the semi-wild races to be domesticated into cultivated upland cotton is unknown.Here,we reported a high-quality genome assembly of G.latifolium.Comparative genome analyses revealed substantial variations in both gene group composition and genomic sequences across 13 cotton genomes,including the expansion of photosynthesis-related gene groups in G.latifolium compared with other races and the pivotal contribution of structural variations(SVs)to G.hirsutum domestication.Based on the resequencing reads and constructed pan-genome of upland cotton,co-selection regions and SVs with significant frequency differences among different populations were identified.Genes located in these regions or affected by these variations may characterize the differences between G.latifolium and other races,and could be involved in maintenance of upland cotton domestication phenotypes.These findings may assist in mining genes for upland cotton improvement and improving the understanding of the genetic basis of upland cotton domestication.展开更多
This article introduces a novel 20 V radiation-hardened high-voltage metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor(MOSFET)driver with an optimized input circuit and a drain-surrounding-source(DSS)structure.The inp...This article introduces a novel 20 V radiation-hardened high-voltage metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor(MOSFET)driver with an optimized input circuit and a drain-surrounding-source(DSS)structure.The input circuit of a conventional inverter consists of a thick-gate-oxide n-type MOSFET(NMOS).These conventional drivers can tolerate a total ionizing dose(TID)of up to 100 krad(Si).In contrast,the proposed comparator input circuit uses both a thick-gate-oxide p-type MOSFET(PMOS)and thin-gate-oxide NMOS to offer a high input voltage and higher TID tolerance.Because the thick-gate-oxide PMOS and thin-gate-oxide NMOS collectively provide better TID tolerance than the thick-gate-oxide NMOS,the circuit exhibits enhanced TID tolerance of>300 krad(Si).Simulations and experimental date indicate that the DSS structure reduces the probability of unwanted parasitic bipolar junction transistor activation,yielding a better single-event effect tolerance of over 81.8 MeVcm^(2)mg^(-1).The innovative strategy proposed in this study involves circuit and layout design optimization,and does not require any specialized process flow.Hence,the proposed circuit can be manufactured using common commercial 0.35μm BCD processes.展开更多
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the impact of proportional assist ventilation (PAV) on tolerance and breathlessness in ventilated chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and to describe the patient-ventilator interact...OBJECTIVE: To investigate the impact of proportional assist ventilation (PAV) on tolerance and breathlessness in ventilated chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and to describe the patient-ventilator interaction, hemodynamic state, breathing pattern and work of breath during PAV and pressure support ventilation (PSV). METHODS: Ten intubated COPD patients on weaning from mechanical ventilation were studied. Elastance and resistance were measured by both the inspiratory-hold technique during a brief period of volume control ventilation and runaway technique during PAV. Each assistance level of PAV (80%, 60% and 40%) and PSV was selected randomly. Patients' response, hemodynamics, blood gas and lung mechanics were monitored. RESULTS: Tidal volume and respiratory rate didn't change in a consistent manner as the level of assist was decreased (P > 0.05). With the level of assist increasing, peak inspiratory pressure was increasing significantly (P展开更多
Genetic information has been instrumental in elucidating the relationship between the East Asian Summer Monsoon(EASM)and subtropical evergreen broad-leaved forests(EBLFs).However,how the genomic insights of EBLFs’spe...Genetic information has been instrumental in elucidating the relationship between the East Asian Summer Monsoon(EASM)and subtropical evergreen broad-leaved forests(EBLFs).However,how the genomic insights of EBLFs’species correspond to environmental shifts induced by the EASM remains limited.In this study,we investigated the adaptive mechanisms of evergreen Engelhardia species in response to the EASM through genome sequencing and comparative genomic analyses from the de novo genome assemblies of fiveclosely related Engelhardia taxa and one Rhoiptelea species.Our findingsrevealed that the divergence of evergreen trees from their sister deciduous species is closely associated with the onset and intensification of the EASM.This genomic transitionmayhave coincided with a significantexpansion of the terpene synthase(TPS)gene family in E.fenzelii,driven by four distinct modes of gene duplication.This expansion enhances the biosynthesis of terpene volatiles,providing a defensive mechanism against potential herbivory in EASM affected environments.We also identifieda shared whole-genome duplication(WGD)event across Engelhardia,along with substantial differences in transposable element(TE)composition and activity,which contributed to genome size variation between E.fenzelii and E.roxburghiana.In addition,demographic analyses revealed a continuous population decline over the past 10 million years,further exacerbated by recenthumandisturbance,underscoring the conservation urgency for these species.These results not only provide preliminary insights into the complex evolutionary dynamics within the Engelhardia genus from genomic insights(e.g.,the intricate relationships between genomic variations,environmental changes,and adaptive responses driven by significantclimatic events such as the EASM),but also provides valuable insights into the conservation significance of EBLFs.展开更多
文摘Objective The aim of this study was to assess quality of results of elderly patients with coronary disease after medical or revascularisation therapy. Methods In this study, we enrolled 103 patients aged 75 years or older with chronic angina in which 47 patients were assigned coronary angiography and revascularisation and 56 patients with optimised medical therapy. The primary endpoint was quality of life after 6 months, as assessed by questionnaire and the presence of major adverse cardiac events (death, non fatal myocardial infarction, or hospital admission for acute coronary syndrome with or without the need for revascularisation). Results After 6 months follow up, angina severity decreased and measures of quality of life increased in both treatment groups( P <0.05 ); however, these improvements were significantly greater after revascularisation( P <0.01 ). Major adverse cardiac events occurred in 30 ( 53.6% ) of patients in the medical group and 9 ( 19.1% ) in the invasive group ( P <0.01 ).Conclusions Patients aged 75 years or older with angina benefit more from revascularisation than from optimised medical therapy in terms of symptom relief and quality of life. Therefore, these patients should be offered invasive assessment despite their high risk profile followed by revascularisation if feasible.
文摘随着分子生物学和基因组、蛋白组学技术的高速发展,越来越多的过敏原蛋白得到鉴定。为了提高对过敏原的研究及其在食品安全上的应用,很多机构都建立了不同类型的过敏原数据库。本文详细介绍了由美国健康与环境科学研究所(Health and Environmental Sciences Institute,HESI)协调组织国际合作团队建立的一个过敏原综合数据库COMPARE (COMprehensive Protein Allergen REsource),该数据库通过高通量序列分选算法结合专家人工审核方法,从各个公共蛋白质数据库、其他过敏原数据库以及相关文献中筛选过敏原,每年更新一次。此外还开发了基于FASTA算法的序列比对工具COMPASS (COMPare Analysis of Sequences with Software),允许用户进行实时序列比对。该数据库已广泛应用于新过敏原蛋白的鉴定以及蛋白质潜在致敏性的评价,对于食品安全管理和保障有重要参考价值。本文通过对COMPARE数据库的全面介绍,旨在提高该数据库在我国的应用价值,推动过敏原分子生物信息学的研究以及食品安全的发展。
基金Collaborative Innovation Center for Translational Medicine at Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine TM201728National Nature Science Foundation of China 81571298+2 种基金Shanghai health system excellent talent training program (excellent subject leader) project 2017BR054Shanghai Municipal Education Commission-Gaofeng Clinical Medicine Grant Support 20172029Shanghai Pujiang Program 17PJD038.
文摘Background With an aggravated social ageing level, the number of patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) is gradually increasing, and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is considered to be an early form of Alzheimer's disease. How to distinguish diseases in the early stage for the purposes of early diagnosis and treatment is an important topic. Aims The purpose of our study was to investigate the differences in brain cortical thickness and surface area among elderly patients with AD, elderly patients with amnestic MCI (aMCI) and normal controls (NC). Methods 20 AD patients, 21 aMCIs and 25 NC were recruited in the study. FreeSurfer software was used to calculate cortical thickness and surface area among groups. Results The patients with AD had less cortical thickness both in the left and right hemisphere in 17 of the 36 brain regions examined than the patients with aMCI or NC. The patients with AD also had smaller cerebral surface area both in the left and right hemisphere in 3 of the 36 brain regions examined than the patients with aMCI or NC. Compared with the NC, the patients with aMCI only had slight atrophy in the inferior parietal lobe of the left hemisphere, and no significant difference was found. Conclusion AD, as well as aMCI (to a lesser extent), is associated with reduced cortical thickness and surface area in a few brain regions associated with cognitive impairment. These results suggest that cortical thickness and surface area could be used for early detection of AD.
文摘The measured relative rates of halophilic and protophilic attacks (k_X/k_H) indicate that the rates of halophilic attacks are comparable in magnitude to those of protophilic attacks (deprotonations).
文摘Ischemic heart disease(IHD) is known as the leading cause of death in both genders. Moreover, significant sex differences were found in cardiac structure, function, pathophysiology, presentation, treatment, and outcome of IHD. The presence of unique risk factors such as exposure to menarche and pregnancy, more anemia, hypertension, and autoimmune disorders in women have recently received attention. Ischemic symptoms are more indefinite and vague in women compared to men as well as a delay in diagnosis, treatment, and worse outcomes compared to men. Women usually receive less evidence-based treatment and intervention, with less concern on preventive health care. Clinical trials primarily recruit male patients and women are underrepresented. Without any correct diagnosis, treatment, and prevention, these problems are accumulated and continue up to older age. Accordingly, with the belief of longer life in women and the increased prevalence of IHD with aging, it will become an important public health problem and concern in the future. This narrative review aimed to provide an overview of some of the differences between the two genders in terms of IHD with paying more attention to practical points.
文摘compare with 与 compare to 在使用时,有其各自的不同点,也有共同点,现分述如下: 一、两者的不同点 1.一般说来compare with 作“把……和……比较”解:强调比较两者(同类、性质相同)的不同处,是衡量优劣的意思,列如: (1)If we compare the China of today with the China of yesterday.we see what a change we have effected.
文摘Female appellations are changing with time,which has attracted many attention from scholars.In the last century,"xiaojie"was very popular.The word"xiaojie"was then replaced by"meinv"because of its negative images.Nowadays,with the development of network buzzwords,the word"Xiao jiejie"gradually come into the public eye.In this paper,I will compare these two female appellations"meinv"and"Xiao jiejie"from four aspects:the introduction of origin and population,the characteristics of word structures,target users,and the pragmatics effects.
文摘According to the World Health Organization a vaccine for the Coronavirus maybe 18 months away,but the financial repercussions could last for five years.When it comes to the economy,2020 may feel a lot like a repeat of the 2008 Great Recession.Back then,deeply rooted problems in the banking system,coupled with an overheated real estate market,caused a major financial meltdown in the US.
文摘Compared to the dubbing, the version of subtitling has many defects, including the faults purely in language translation and the inaccuracy in the cultural images. As a media of cultural communication, the translator of the subtitling has to pay enough attention to the art of language, and has to take strategies centering on the audience, promoting the cultural communication and reducing the cultural differences.
基金funded by the institutional budget of FBN Dummerstorfpartly supported by the Leibniz ScienceCampus Phosphorus Research Rostock.
文摘In recent years,interest in the larvae of black soldier fly(BSF)(Hermetia illucens)as a sustainable protein resource for livestock feed has increased considerably.However,knowledge on the nutritional and physiological aspects of this insect,especially compared to other conventional farmed animals is scarce.This review presents a critical comparison of data on the growth potential and efficiency of the BSF larvae(BSFL)compared to conventional monogastric livestock species.Advantages of BSFL over other monogastric livestock species includes their high growth rate and their ability to convert low-grade organic waste into high-quality protein and fat-rich biomass suitable for use in animal feed.Calculations using literature data suggest that BSFL are more efficient than broilers,pigs and fish in terms of conversion of substrate protein into body mass,but less efficient than broilers and fish in utilization of substrate gross energy to gain body mass.BSFL growth efficiency varies greatly depending on the nutrient quality of their dietary substrates.This might be associated with the function of their gastrointestinal tract,including the activity of digestive enzymes,the substrate particle characteristics,and their intestinal microbial community.The conceived advantage of BSFL having an environmental footprint better than conventional livestock is only true if BSFL is produced on low-grade organic waste and its protein would directly be used for human consumption.Therefore,their potential role as a new species to better close nutrient cycles in agro-ecological systems needs to be reconsidered,and we conclude that BSFL is a complementary livestock species efficiently utilizing organic waste that cannot be utilized by other livestock.In addition,we provide comparative insight into morpho-functional aspects of the gut,characterization of digestive enzymes,gut microbiota and fiber digestion.Finally,current knowledge on the nutritional utilization and requirements of BSFL in terms of macro-and micronutrients is reviewed and found to be rather limited.In addition,the research methods to determine nutritional requirements of conventional livestock are not applicable for BSFL.Thus,there is a great need for research on the nutrient requirements of BSFL.
基金Supported by the Special Scientific Research Funds for Central Non-Profit Institutes,Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences(No.2014A05CG01)the National High Technology Research and Development Program of China(No.2011AA100402-5)the China Ministry of Agriculture "948" Program(No.2011-G12)
文摘We report the genetic linkage map of Jian carp(C yprinus carpio var. Jian). An F1 population comprising 94 Jian carp individuals was mapped using 254 microsatellite markers. The genetic map spanned 1 381.592 c M and comprised 44 linkage groups,with an average marker distance of 6.58 c M. We identified eight quantitative trait loci(QTLs) for body weight(BW) in seven linkage groups,explaining 12.6% to 17.3% of the phenotypic variance. Comparative mapping was performed between Jian carp and mirror carp( Cyprinus carpio L.),which both have 50 chromosomes. One hundred and ninety-eight Jian carp marker loci were found in common with the mirror carp map,with 186(93.94%) showing synteny. All 44 Jian carp linkage groups could be one-to-one aligned to the 44 mirror carp linkage groups,mostly sharing two or more common loci. Three QTLs for BW in Jian carp were conserved in mirror carp. QTL comparison suggested that the QTL confidence interval in mirror carp was more precise than the homologous interval in Jian carp,which was contained within the QTL interval in Jian carp. The syntenic relationship and consensus QTLs between the two varieties provide a foundation for genomic research and genetic breeding in common carp.
文摘Medically assisted reproduction(MAR)techniques are highly dependent on the sperm quantity and quality.Low sperm concentrations can be bypassed at least to some point by the usage of more sophisticated MAR techniques like intracytoplasmic sperm injection(ICSI).Compared to this,disruptions in established indicators of sperm quality like motility or morphology pose greater challenges for the therapy of couple infertility.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32201873)the Key Research and Development Plan of Hubei Province(2023BBB050)。
文摘The genetic basis for Gossypium hirsutum race latifolium,the putative ancestor of cultivated upland cotton,emerging from the semi-wild races to be domesticated into cultivated upland cotton is unknown.Here,we reported a high-quality genome assembly of G.latifolium.Comparative genome analyses revealed substantial variations in both gene group composition and genomic sequences across 13 cotton genomes,including the expansion of photosynthesis-related gene groups in G.latifolium compared with other races and the pivotal contribution of structural variations(SVs)to G.hirsutum domestication.Based on the resequencing reads and constructed pan-genome of upland cotton,co-selection regions and SVs with significant frequency differences among different populations were identified.Genes located in these regions or affected by these variations may characterize the differences between G.latifolium and other races,and could be involved in maintenance of upland cotton domestication phenotypes.These findings may assist in mining genes for upland cotton improvement and improving the understanding of the genetic basis of upland cotton domestication.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(U2241221).
文摘This article introduces a novel 20 V radiation-hardened high-voltage metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor(MOSFET)driver with an optimized input circuit and a drain-surrounding-source(DSS)structure.The input circuit of a conventional inverter consists of a thick-gate-oxide n-type MOSFET(NMOS).These conventional drivers can tolerate a total ionizing dose(TID)of up to 100 krad(Si).In contrast,the proposed comparator input circuit uses both a thick-gate-oxide p-type MOSFET(PMOS)and thin-gate-oxide NMOS to offer a high input voltage and higher TID tolerance.Because the thick-gate-oxide PMOS and thin-gate-oxide NMOS collectively provide better TID tolerance than the thick-gate-oxide NMOS,the circuit exhibits enhanced TID tolerance of>300 krad(Si).Simulations and experimental date indicate that the DSS structure reduces the probability of unwanted parasitic bipolar junction transistor activation,yielding a better single-event effect tolerance of over 81.8 MeVcm^(2)mg^(-1).The innovative strategy proposed in this study involves circuit and layout design optimization,and does not require any specialized process flow.Hence,the proposed circuit can be manufactured using common commercial 0.35μm BCD processes.
文摘OBJECTIVE: To investigate the impact of proportional assist ventilation (PAV) on tolerance and breathlessness in ventilated chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and to describe the patient-ventilator interaction, hemodynamic state, breathing pattern and work of breath during PAV and pressure support ventilation (PSV). METHODS: Ten intubated COPD patients on weaning from mechanical ventilation were studied. Elastance and resistance were measured by both the inspiratory-hold technique during a brief period of volume control ventilation and runaway technique during PAV. Each assistance level of PAV (80%, 60% and 40%) and PSV was selected randomly. Patients' response, hemodynamics, blood gas and lung mechanics were monitored. RESULTS: Tidal volume and respiratory rate didn't change in a consistent manner as the level of assist was decreased (P > 0.05). With the level of assist increasing, peak inspiratory pressure was increasing significantly (P
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.42171063)Southeast Asia Biodiversity Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Sciences(No.Y4ZK111B01)+6 种基金the Special Fund for ScientificResearch of Shanghai Landscaping&City Appearance Administrative Bureau(G242414,G242416)the“Yunnan Revitalization Talent Support Program”in Yunnan Province(XDYC-QNRC-2022-0028)Yunnan Revitalization Talent Support Program“Innovation Team”Project(202405AS350019)the CAS“Light of West China”Programthe 14th Five-Year Plan of Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden,Chinese Academy Sciences(XTBG-1450303)the European Research Council(ERC)under the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program(No.833522)GhentUniversity(Methusalem funding,BOF.MET.2021.0005.01).
文摘Genetic information has been instrumental in elucidating the relationship between the East Asian Summer Monsoon(EASM)and subtropical evergreen broad-leaved forests(EBLFs).However,how the genomic insights of EBLFs’species correspond to environmental shifts induced by the EASM remains limited.In this study,we investigated the adaptive mechanisms of evergreen Engelhardia species in response to the EASM through genome sequencing and comparative genomic analyses from the de novo genome assemblies of fiveclosely related Engelhardia taxa and one Rhoiptelea species.Our findingsrevealed that the divergence of evergreen trees from their sister deciduous species is closely associated with the onset and intensification of the EASM.This genomic transitionmayhave coincided with a significantexpansion of the terpene synthase(TPS)gene family in E.fenzelii,driven by four distinct modes of gene duplication.This expansion enhances the biosynthesis of terpene volatiles,providing a defensive mechanism against potential herbivory in EASM affected environments.We also identifieda shared whole-genome duplication(WGD)event across Engelhardia,along with substantial differences in transposable element(TE)composition and activity,which contributed to genome size variation between E.fenzelii and E.roxburghiana.In addition,demographic analyses revealed a continuous population decline over the past 10 million years,further exacerbated by recenthumandisturbance,underscoring the conservation urgency for these species.These results not only provide preliminary insights into the complex evolutionary dynamics within the Engelhardia genus from genomic insights(e.g.,the intricate relationships between genomic variations,environmental changes,and adaptive responses driven by significantclimatic events such as the EASM),but also provides valuable insights into the conservation significance of EBLFs.
