In community planning,due to the lack of evidence regarding the selection of media tools,this study examines how a common but differentiated ideal speech situation can be created as well as how more appropriate media ...In community planning,due to the lack of evidence regarding the selection of media tools,this study examines how a common but differentiated ideal speech situation can be created as well as how more appropriate media tools can be defined and selected in the community planning process.First,this study describes the concept and theoretical basis of media used in community planning from the perspectives of the multiple effects of media evolution on communicative planning.Second,the classification criteria and typical characteristics of media tools used to support community planning are clarified from three dimensions:acceptability,cost effectiveness,and applicability.Third,strategies for applying media tools in the four phases of communicative planning-namely,state analysis,problem identification,contradictory solution and optimization-are described.Finally,trends in the development of media tools for community planning are explored in terms of multistakeholder engagement,supporting scientific decision-making and multiple-type media integration.The results provide a reference for developing more inclusive,effective,and appropriate media tools for enhancing decision-making capacity and modernizing governance in community planning and policy-making processes.展开更多
The purpose of this paper is to study the planning and design of campus plant communities from the perspective of vegetation carbon sink capacity.During the research period,based on literature review and material inve...The purpose of this paper is to study the planning and design of campus plant communities from the perspective of vegetation carbon sink capacity.During the research period,based on literature review and material investigation,the quantitative calculation of the carbon sink capacity of the vegetation of the campus of the case study university was carried out using the i-Tree model,and the shortcomings of the carbon sink level of the campus vegetation community were pointed out based on the calculation results.Subsequently,with the goal of improving the carbon sink capacity,the park is oriented to the planning and design of vegetation communities,and the feasibility of the program is demonstrated with the support of the data on the level of carbon sink capacity after the implementation of the program.It is hoped that this paper can provide technical reference for the managers of universities and urban landscape departments in China,and actively promote the optimization of vegetation communities,enhance the carbon sink capacity,and promote the full implementation of the goal of sustainable development.展开更多
Rapid urbanization and the booming of diversified community development requirements have challenged the development of community planning in China from theory to practice. Community planning, especially with localize...Rapid urbanization and the booming of diversified community development requirements have challenged the development of community planning in China from theory to practice. Community planning, especially with localized and practice-oriented characteristics, is now facing many limitations. These include aspects such as traditional urban planning techniques that mainly focus on space, a restricted research perspective, as well as basic planning theories that are mostly imported from the West. Using the perspective of socio-spatial dialectic for reference, this paper summarizes the evolution process of Chinese modern residential space planning and design from residential district planning under the planned economy system, to housing estate planning in the real estate development, and to community planning in the new era, presenting an important characteristic of transitioning from "producing space" to "production of space," with "society" gradually replacing "space" and returning to the goal of production. Based on the analysis on the main limitations and problems in the former work of community planning in China, the paper takes the practical exploration on community planning in the "New Qinghe Experiment" in Haidian District, Beijing for an example. Aimed at the prominent problem of an extreme imbalance between "urbanization of space" and "urbanization of population" in the current Qinghe area, the key objective, means, and technical path of new-type community planning are proposed, within which three significant transition features are demonstrated, including going from "need-oriented" to "capital-oriented," from "interest intervention" to "relationship intervention," and from "community construction" to "community building."展开更多
Background: The study was designed to explore and catalyze the development of action plan for adolescent substance use prevention in a rural community in Ebonyi State, Nigeria. Methodology: This study adopted a two-ph...Background: The study was designed to explore and catalyze the development of action plan for adolescent substance use prevention in a rural community in Ebonyi State, Nigeria. Methodology: This study adopted a two-phase multi-method design. The first phase was a quantitative assessment that determined the real-life situation of adolescents’ substance use in the community using 417 respondents. Contemporaneously, the second qualitative phase focused on the development of an action plan by community stakeholders for adolescent substance use prevention using thirty (30) participants selected through purposive sampling. The reliability of the instrument for quantitative data was established using a test re-test method and computed using Pearson moment correlation. A coefficient of 0.8 was obtained. Validity was established for both quantitative and qualitative instruments. The generated data were subjected to descriptive statistics whereas the qualitative data from respondents’ narratives were analysed thematically. Result: The data revealed that participants who have ever used substances consisted of 128 (59.5%) males and 87 (40.5%) females. The findings on the opinion of 30 participants interviewed about the consequences of substance use brought out majorly four consequences of substance use. The result of catalysing the involvement of community residents towards developing community action for adolescent substance use showed that the challenges associated with adolescents’ substance use as identified by the participants were discussed under one theme—living with the cause and three elements. Conclusion: Substance use prevention policies and plans in the local community have strong potential for stimulating local adolescent substance use prevention actions.展开更多
This paper aimed to make proposals for disaster prevention and reduction measures based on the experiences and lessons gained through the Kumamoto earthquake. This paper firstly introduced disaster countermeasures of ...This paper aimed to make proposals for disaster prevention and reduction measures based on the experiences and lessons gained through the Kumamoto earthquake. This paper firstly introduced disaster countermeasures of affected local governments within Kumamoto Prefecture. Next, by narrowing the focus on measures concerning the intangible side of things, this paper discussed three points including （1） issues concerning the assumption of disaster countermeasures; （2） issues concerning the BCP （Business Continuity Plan） of both government and private corporations, the DCP （District Continuity Plan） concerning local communities, the CCP （Community Continuity Plan） concerning local communities, and （3） issues conceming disaster countermeasures besides the two issues mentioned above. Based on the discussion results, it was pointed out that the disaster countermeasures assuming complex continuous disasters should be considered.展开更多
Active transportation(AT)strategies improve community living,health,and the environment in all communities,including rural ones.Pinawa is a small Canadian town in Manitoba that won national awards for active living bu...Active transportation(AT)strategies improve community living,health,and the environment in all communities,including rural ones.Pinawa is a small Canadian town in Manitoba that won national awards for active living but wanted an AT plan for further improvement.We undertook a case study of AT priorities of Pinawa’s community members and tourists through 22 semi-structured interviews,site observation,mapping,and cost-benefit analysis.Pri-oritizing AT users in infrastructure planning and design offers Pinawa many health,environmental,eco-tourism,and economic development benefits.Community priorities to enhance AT are improving infrastructure with bike lanes,sidewalks,crosswalks,and trails.Other planning factors,such as way-finding signage,bike rentals,and shuttles,would further promote AT.This pa-per contributes to understanding the role of AT in rural communities,provid-ing practical recommendations for infrastructure and policy changes.展开更多
The COVID-19 pandemic has caused an unprecedented worldwide shutdown,and made urban planning reflect on and discuss how to respond to public health crises.Japan’s medical system has been repeatedly rated as the world...The COVID-19 pandemic has caused an unprecedented worldwide shutdown,and made urban planning reflect on and discuss how to respond to public health crises.Japan’s medical system has been repeatedly rated as the world’s number one by the World Health Organization.This paper analyzes Japan’s diversifed medical facility system,its prevention and control mechanism regarding public health emergencies,and the cultivation of social public awareness,and points out that the Japanese public health crisis response mechanism is characterized by an equal emphasis on the construction of the medical system and the cultivation of public awareness.It is proposed that an effective way to respond to daily medical needs and irregular public health security crises is to improve the community medical quality and grant administrative power to the director of public health centers,promote the"urbanization of people"with public awareness,and improve the resilience of the medical and health system.展开更多
The Hampton Roads region is located in southeastern Virginia where the Chesapeake Bay meets the Atlantic Ocean. The region includes seventeen municipal governments and has a large federal government presence with 26 f...The Hampton Roads region is located in southeastern Virginia where the Chesapeake Bay meets the Atlantic Ocean. The region includes seventeen municipal governments and has a large federal government presence with 26 federal agencies represented (See Figure 1). The region has a population that exceeds 1.7 million and is home to the deepest water harbor on the U.S. East Coast. Hampton Roads’ economy is dependent on the local waterways and houses the world’s largest naval facility, the sixth largest containerized cargo complex and supports a thriving shipbuilding and repair industry as well as a tourism industry. However, the region’s vast coastline also contributes to its vulnerability from climate change. Hampton Roads is experiencing sea level rise at twice the global rate with regional projections in the January 2017 National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) report, Global and Regional Sea Level Rise Scenarios for the United States, of 1.9 feet of sea level rise at the low end and 11.5 feet of sea level rise under the most extreme case between 2000 and 2100 (NOAA, 2017). Planning for adaptation to sea level rise requires regional partnerships and strategies, especially for watersheds that cross municipal boundaries. While many of the municipalities in the region are forward thinking in their approaches to sea level rise, there is not a regional plan for adaptation and current federal funding models do not support analysis of and planning for sea level rise impacts on a regional scale. For coastal communities to be successful in sea level rise adaptation, there has to be a national understanding that water knows no borders and only collaborative problem-solving approaches that cross municipal boundaries will move regions toward adaptation. Functional boundaries of ecosystems or watersheds need to be the focus of adaptation rather than political boundaries of local, state, and federal entities. Coordination and collaboration between entities is the only way to achieve optimal outcomes.展开更多
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China under the theme“Key technologies for urban sustainable development evaluation and decision-making support”[Grant No.2022YFC3802900].
文摘In community planning,due to the lack of evidence regarding the selection of media tools,this study examines how a common but differentiated ideal speech situation can be created as well as how more appropriate media tools can be defined and selected in the community planning process.First,this study describes the concept and theoretical basis of media used in community planning from the perspectives of the multiple effects of media evolution on communicative planning.Second,the classification criteria and typical characteristics of media tools used to support community planning are clarified from three dimensions:acceptability,cost effectiveness,and applicability.Third,strategies for applying media tools in the four phases of communicative planning-namely,state analysis,problem identification,contradictory solution and optimization-are described.Finally,trends in the development of media tools for community planning are explored in terms of multistakeholder engagement,supporting scientific decision-making and multiple-type media integration.The results provide a reference for developing more inclusive,effective,and appropriate media tools for enhancing decision-making capacity and modernizing governance in community planning and policy-making processes.
基金Chongqing Municipal Education Commission Science and Technology Research ProjectResearch on Zero-Emission Campus Construction Based on Plant Community Optimization(Project No.KJQN202305605)。
文摘The purpose of this paper is to study the planning and design of campus plant communities from the perspective of vegetation carbon sink capacity.During the research period,based on literature review and material investigation,the quantitative calculation of the carbon sink capacity of the vegetation of the campus of the case study university was carried out using the i-Tree model,and the shortcomings of the carbon sink level of the campus vegetation community were pointed out based on the calculation results.Subsequently,with the goal of improving the carbon sink capacity,the park is oriented to the planning and design of vegetation communities,and the feasibility of the program is demonstrated with the support of the data on the level of carbon sink capacity after the implementation of the program.It is hoped that this paper can provide technical reference for the managers of universities and urban landscape departments in China,and actively promote the optimization of vegetation communities,enhance the carbon sink capacity,and promote the full implementation of the goal of sustainable development.
文摘Rapid urbanization and the booming of diversified community development requirements have challenged the development of community planning in China from theory to practice. Community planning, especially with localized and practice-oriented characteristics, is now facing many limitations. These include aspects such as traditional urban planning techniques that mainly focus on space, a restricted research perspective, as well as basic planning theories that are mostly imported from the West. Using the perspective of socio-spatial dialectic for reference, this paper summarizes the evolution process of Chinese modern residential space planning and design from residential district planning under the planned economy system, to housing estate planning in the real estate development, and to community planning in the new era, presenting an important characteristic of transitioning from "producing space" to "production of space," with "society" gradually replacing "space" and returning to the goal of production. Based on the analysis on the main limitations and problems in the former work of community planning in China, the paper takes the practical exploration on community planning in the "New Qinghe Experiment" in Haidian District, Beijing for an example. Aimed at the prominent problem of an extreme imbalance between "urbanization of space" and "urbanization of population" in the current Qinghe area, the key objective, means, and technical path of new-type community planning are proposed, within which three significant transition features are demonstrated, including going from "need-oriented" to "capital-oriented," from "interest intervention" to "relationship intervention," and from "community construction" to "community building."
文摘Background: The study was designed to explore and catalyze the development of action plan for adolescent substance use prevention in a rural community in Ebonyi State, Nigeria. Methodology: This study adopted a two-phase multi-method design. The first phase was a quantitative assessment that determined the real-life situation of adolescents’ substance use in the community using 417 respondents. Contemporaneously, the second qualitative phase focused on the development of an action plan by community stakeholders for adolescent substance use prevention using thirty (30) participants selected through purposive sampling. The reliability of the instrument for quantitative data was established using a test re-test method and computed using Pearson moment correlation. A coefficient of 0.8 was obtained. Validity was established for both quantitative and qualitative instruments. The generated data were subjected to descriptive statistics whereas the qualitative data from respondents’ narratives were analysed thematically. Result: The data revealed that participants who have ever used substances consisted of 128 (59.5%) males and 87 (40.5%) females. The findings on the opinion of 30 participants interviewed about the consequences of substance use brought out majorly four consequences of substance use. The result of catalysing the involvement of community residents towards developing community action for adolescent substance use showed that the challenges associated with adolescents’ substance use as identified by the participants were discussed under one theme—living with the cause and three elements. Conclusion: Substance use prevention policies and plans in the local community have strong potential for stimulating local adolescent substance use prevention actions.
文摘This paper aimed to make proposals for disaster prevention and reduction measures based on the experiences and lessons gained through the Kumamoto earthquake. This paper firstly introduced disaster countermeasures of affected local governments within Kumamoto Prefecture. Next, by narrowing the focus on measures concerning the intangible side of things, this paper discussed three points including （1） issues concerning the assumption of disaster countermeasures; （2） issues concerning the BCP （Business Continuity Plan） of both government and private corporations, the DCP （District Continuity Plan） concerning local communities, the CCP （Community Continuity Plan） concerning local communities, and （3） issues conceming disaster countermeasures besides the two issues mentioned above. Based on the discussion results, it was pointed out that the disaster countermeasures assuming complex continuous disasters should be considered.
基金funded by Mitacs Accelerate,grant number IT25798the Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council(SSHRC)funded by the Mino Bimaadiziwin partnership/Northern Teaching Lodges,grant number 895-2017-1014.
文摘Active transportation(AT)strategies improve community living,health,and the environment in all communities,including rural ones.Pinawa is a small Canadian town in Manitoba that won national awards for active living but wanted an AT plan for further improvement.We undertook a case study of AT priorities of Pinawa’s community members and tourists through 22 semi-structured interviews,site observation,mapping,and cost-benefit analysis.Pri-oritizing AT users in infrastructure planning and design offers Pinawa many health,environmental,eco-tourism,and economic development benefits.Community priorities to enhance AT are improving infrastructure with bike lanes,sidewalks,crosswalks,and trails.Other planning factors,such as way-finding signage,bike rentals,and shuttles,would further promote AT.This pa-per contributes to understanding the role of AT in rural communities,provid-ing practical recommendations for infrastructure and policy changes.
文摘The COVID-19 pandemic has caused an unprecedented worldwide shutdown,and made urban planning reflect on and discuss how to respond to public health crises.Japan’s medical system has been repeatedly rated as the world’s number one by the World Health Organization.This paper analyzes Japan’s diversifed medical facility system,its prevention and control mechanism regarding public health emergencies,and the cultivation of social public awareness,and points out that the Japanese public health crisis response mechanism is characterized by an equal emphasis on the construction of the medical system and the cultivation of public awareness.It is proposed that an effective way to respond to daily medical needs and irregular public health security crises is to improve the community medical quality and grant administrative power to the director of public health centers,promote the"urbanization of people"with public awareness,and improve the resilience of the medical and health system.
文摘The Hampton Roads region is located in southeastern Virginia where the Chesapeake Bay meets the Atlantic Ocean. The region includes seventeen municipal governments and has a large federal government presence with 26 federal agencies represented (See Figure 1). The region has a population that exceeds 1.7 million and is home to the deepest water harbor on the U.S. East Coast. Hampton Roads’ economy is dependent on the local waterways and houses the world’s largest naval facility, the sixth largest containerized cargo complex and supports a thriving shipbuilding and repair industry as well as a tourism industry. However, the region’s vast coastline also contributes to its vulnerability from climate change. Hampton Roads is experiencing sea level rise at twice the global rate with regional projections in the January 2017 National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) report, Global and Regional Sea Level Rise Scenarios for the United States, of 1.9 feet of sea level rise at the low end and 11.5 feet of sea level rise under the most extreme case between 2000 and 2100 (NOAA, 2017). Planning for adaptation to sea level rise requires regional partnerships and strategies, especially for watersheds that cross municipal boundaries. While many of the municipalities in the region are forward thinking in their approaches to sea level rise, there is not a regional plan for adaptation and current federal funding models do not support analysis of and planning for sea level rise impacts on a regional scale. For coastal communities to be successful in sea level rise adaptation, there has to be a national understanding that water knows no borders and only collaborative problem-solving approaches that cross municipal boundaries will move regions toward adaptation. Functional boundaries of ecosystems or watersheds need to be the focus of adaptation rather than political boundaries of local, state, and federal entities. Coordination and collaboration between entities is the only way to achieve optimal outcomes.
