Xyloglucan represents the primary hemicellulose component in higher plant cell walls,providing mechanical support.The XTH gene family encodes xyloglucan endotransferase/hydrolase,a crucial enzyme in cell wall remodeli...Xyloglucan represents the primary hemicellulose component in higher plant cell walls,providing mechanical support.The XTH gene family encodes xyloglucan endotransferase/hydrolase,a crucial enzyme in cell wall remodeling.Studies examining XTH family-related genes in apples remain limited.This study investigated the Md XTH30 gene,isolated from apple(Malus×domestica),which demonstrated responsiveness to abscisic acid,Na Cl,and polyethylene glycol(PEG)6000,with cytoplasmic localization confirmed through subcellular mapping.To elucidate the role of Md XTH30 in stress response,transgenic Md XTH30 apple calli were generated and the gene was heterologously expressed in Arabidopsis via Agrobacterium-mediated transformation.The findings revealed that Md XTH30 enhanced resistance to drought,salt stress,and pathogens through regulation of relevant genes in both apple calli and Arabidopsis.These results identify potentially significant candidate genes for improving biotic and abiotic stress resistance at the cell wall level.展开更多
本研究采用文献计量学方法,总结当前土壤质量研究中最小数据集(MDS)选取的方法和指标,定量分析并指出土壤质量评价中最小数据集的热点和前沿,为中国土壤质量评价和农业绿色发展提供科学参考。通过检索1991-2022年CNKI和Web of Science...本研究采用文献计量学方法,总结当前土壤质量研究中最小数据集(MDS)选取的方法和指标,定量分析并指出土壤质量评价中最小数据集的热点和前沿,为中国土壤质量评价和农业绿色发展提供科学参考。通过检索1991-2022年CNKI和Web of Science相关文献,收集了文献中310个最小数据集进行筛选,借助CiteSpace和VOSviewer对年度发文量、国家/地区、机构、期刊进行共现分析,对关键词进行突现词和聚类分析。31年来该领域文献量逐步增加并仍处于快速发展阶段,中国是发文量最多的国家,期刊载文量最多的为《土壤通报》《生态学报》和Ecological Indicators;主要研究热点表现在“农业管理对土壤质量影响、土壤退化与修复、土壤质量对气候变化的响应与应对及最小数据集筛选方法与模型构建”等方面;前期MDS在土壤质量评价中选用较多的主要为物理、化学指标,但随着土壤健康的发展,生物学指标逐步增长。在未来一段时间内MDS发文量仍为快速增长阶段,发展中国家在全球起着重要节点作用;MDS核心指标为土壤有机质/碳(SOM/SOC)、pH、全氮、速效磷和容重;未来研究应注重在基于大数据平台构建不同尺度下静态评价与动态监测相结合的综合反映土壤功能的土壤健康质量评价框架体系,探讨气候变化背景下与土壤质量变化相对应的MDS及其指标体系,构建精准反映土壤质量变化规律的评价模型与最优最小数据集。展开更多
[目的]丙泊酚改善重症脓毒症小鼠脑保护作用的研究。[方法]将48只雄性小鼠随机分为对照组、LPS组、PF组、PF+ML385组,每组12只。通过苏木素-伊红染色评估各组小鼠海马组织的病理变化;通过原位末端标记法分析海马组织中神经元的凋亡率;...[目的]丙泊酚改善重症脓毒症小鼠脑保护作用的研究。[方法]将48只雄性小鼠随机分为对照组、LPS组、PF组、PF+ML385组,每组12只。通过苏木素-伊红染色评估各组小鼠海马组织的病理变化;通过原位末端标记法分析海马组织中神经元的凋亡率;通过酶联免疫吸附实验分析血清中TNF-α、IL-6、SOD和CAT的水平;通过蛋白免疫印迹实验分析海马组织中TLR4/MD-2的蛋白表达水平。[结果]与LPS组比较,PF组与PF+ML385组小鼠海马组织区域炎症细胞聚集减少,神经元损伤减轻,神经元凋亡率降低,血清炎症因子(TNF-α和IL-6)水平降低,血清抗氧化酶(SOD和CAT)活性水平增加,海马组织的TLR4、MD-2蛋白表达水平降低。与PF组比较,PF+ML385组小鼠海马组织神经元凋亡率降低(13.26%±2.19%vs 9.28%±1.58%;P<0.05),血清炎症因子(TNF-α、IL-6)水平降低(15.61±1.29 vs 10.28±1.46 pg/mL;30.28±1.11 vs 23.56±2.13 pg/mL;P<0.05),血清抗氧化酶(SOD、CAT)活性水平增加(13.69±1.72 vs 19.23±2.39 U/mg protein;12.97±2.26 vs 17.38±1.47 U/mg protein;P<0.05),海马组织的TLR4、MD-2蛋白表达水平降低(0.65±0.03 vs 0.33±0.09;0.72±0.08 vs 0.41±0.04;P<0.05)。[结论]丙泊酚能够改善脓毒症小鼠海马组织的神经元损伤,减少神经元凋亡率和炎症因子水平,增加抗氧化酶水平。丙泊酚的这一作用与抑制TLR4/MD-2通路密切相关。展开更多
【目的】系统探究柴达木盆地耕地耕层土壤盐碱化水平及养分状况,优化柴达木盆地耕地耕层土壤评价因子,构建评价与诊断模型,为区域粮食安全和生态可持续发展提供科学依据。【方法】以柴达木盆地耕作层土壤为对象,基于470个土壤样品的11...【目的】系统探究柴达木盆地耕地耕层土壤盐碱化水平及养分状况,优化柴达木盆地耕地耕层土壤评价因子,构建评价与诊断模型,为区域粮食安全和生态可持续发展提供科学依据。【方法】以柴达木盆地耕作层土壤为对象,基于470个土壤样品的11项土壤指标(全盐:TS、电导率:EC、全氮:TN、全磷:TP、速效氮:AN、速效磷:AP、pH、有机质:SOM、钠离子:Na^(+)、氯离子:Cl^(-)、硫酸根离子:SO_(4)^(2-)),通过主成分分析(PCA)与Norm值构建最小数据集(Minimum data set,MDS),结合多准则妥协解排序法(VIKOR法),系统评价土壤质量指数(Soil quality index,SQI)并诊断主要障碍因子。【结果】研究区土壤呈现显著盐碱化风险(TS均值2.449 g/kg,C_(V)=53.98%)和氮磷养分限制特征(TN均值为0.916 mg/kg,TP的C_(V)为118.38%);MDS筛选出TS、TN、TP、AP、Cl^(-)和SO_(4)^(2-)等6项核心指标,可替代全数据集(Total data set,TDS)精准评价土壤质量(R^(2)=0.904);VIKOR模型显示,格尔木和大柴旦地区土壤综合障碍度最高(群体效应值S>0.46),TP与SO_(4)^(2-)是主要限制因子,德令哈土壤质量最优(SQI=0.284)。【讨论】研究揭示了盐碱化与养分失衡对干旱区土壤质量的协同制约效应,为柴达木盆地耕地定向改良提供了科学依据。展开更多
It is important to understand the effects of demineralization on the reactivity of coal pyrolysis for demineralization coal in OCCSS systems.The molecular dynamics of the pyrolysis of ZD-R and ZD-D was investigated us...It is important to understand the effects of demineralization on the reactivity of coal pyrolysis for demineralization coal in OCCSS systems.The molecular dynamics of the pyrolysis of ZD-R and ZD-D was investigated using the ReaxFF MD method.It is indicated that the pyrolysis reactivity of ZD-D is enhanced.Acid demineralization treatment helps to enhance the cross-linking reaction of light tar C5-14 molecules in the main pyrolysis stage,generating light tar fragments with higher molecular mass.In the polycondensation pyrolysis stage,the acid demineralization treatment promotes the polycondensation reaction at high temperatures.The generation of H2 in ZD-R pyrolysis is primarily attributed to the N-H bond breaking in pyrrole at low temperatures.At high temperatures,it is predominantly associated with the hydrogen abstraction reaction between carboxyl functional groups and the dehydrogenation reaction of hydrogen bond breaking in the aliphatic hydrocarbon structures.H2O is primarily attributed to the reaction of the hydroxyl group on the carboxyl group.CO_(2) is always related to the carboxyl group.CO is mainly related to the reduction reaction of carbonyl group,carboxyl group,and CO_(2).During the initial pyrolysis stage of ZD-D after acid demineralization treatment,the hydrogen abstraction reaction of the carboxyl functional group and the generation of CO molecules by the methoxy group are enhanced.The generation of H2 by the aliphatic structure is enhanced in the main pyrolysis stage.The ring-opening reaction of the phenoxy group to generate CO in the polycondensation pyrolysis stage is also facilitated.展开更多
基金supported by the National Key R&D Plan Project(2023YFD2301000)the National Key Research and Development Program of Shandong Province,China(2024CXGC0109032023CXPT013)+2 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32472705,32302513)the Young Talent of Lifting Engineering for Science and Technology in Shandong,China(SDAST2024QTA083)the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province,China(ZR2022JQ14,ZR2022QC112)。
文摘Xyloglucan represents the primary hemicellulose component in higher plant cell walls,providing mechanical support.The XTH gene family encodes xyloglucan endotransferase/hydrolase,a crucial enzyme in cell wall remodeling.Studies examining XTH family-related genes in apples remain limited.This study investigated the Md XTH30 gene,isolated from apple(Malus×domestica),which demonstrated responsiveness to abscisic acid,Na Cl,and polyethylene glycol(PEG)6000,with cytoplasmic localization confirmed through subcellular mapping.To elucidate the role of Md XTH30 in stress response,transgenic Md XTH30 apple calli were generated and the gene was heterologously expressed in Arabidopsis via Agrobacterium-mediated transformation.The findings revealed that Md XTH30 enhanced resistance to drought,salt stress,and pathogens through regulation of relevant genes in both apple calli and Arabidopsis.These results identify potentially significant candidate genes for improving biotic and abiotic stress resistance at the cell wall level.
文摘本研究采用文献计量学方法,总结当前土壤质量研究中最小数据集(MDS)选取的方法和指标,定量分析并指出土壤质量评价中最小数据集的热点和前沿,为中国土壤质量评价和农业绿色发展提供科学参考。通过检索1991-2022年CNKI和Web of Science相关文献,收集了文献中310个最小数据集进行筛选,借助CiteSpace和VOSviewer对年度发文量、国家/地区、机构、期刊进行共现分析,对关键词进行突现词和聚类分析。31年来该领域文献量逐步增加并仍处于快速发展阶段,中国是发文量最多的国家,期刊载文量最多的为《土壤通报》《生态学报》和Ecological Indicators;主要研究热点表现在“农业管理对土壤质量影响、土壤退化与修复、土壤质量对气候变化的响应与应对及最小数据集筛选方法与模型构建”等方面;前期MDS在土壤质量评价中选用较多的主要为物理、化学指标,但随着土壤健康的发展,生物学指标逐步增长。在未来一段时间内MDS发文量仍为快速增长阶段,发展中国家在全球起着重要节点作用;MDS核心指标为土壤有机质/碳(SOM/SOC)、pH、全氮、速效磷和容重;未来研究应注重在基于大数据平台构建不同尺度下静态评价与动态监测相结合的综合反映土壤功能的土壤健康质量评价框架体系,探讨气候变化背景下与土壤质量变化相对应的MDS及其指标体系,构建精准反映土壤质量变化规律的评价模型与最优最小数据集。
文摘[目的]丙泊酚改善重症脓毒症小鼠脑保护作用的研究。[方法]将48只雄性小鼠随机分为对照组、LPS组、PF组、PF+ML385组,每组12只。通过苏木素-伊红染色评估各组小鼠海马组织的病理变化;通过原位末端标记法分析海马组织中神经元的凋亡率;通过酶联免疫吸附实验分析血清中TNF-α、IL-6、SOD和CAT的水平;通过蛋白免疫印迹实验分析海马组织中TLR4/MD-2的蛋白表达水平。[结果]与LPS组比较,PF组与PF+ML385组小鼠海马组织区域炎症细胞聚集减少,神经元损伤减轻,神经元凋亡率降低,血清炎症因子(TNF-α和IL-6)水平降低,血清抗氧化酶(SOD和CAT)活性水平增加,海马组织的TLR4、MD-2蛋白表达水平降低。与PF组比较,PF+ML385组小鼠海马组织神经元凋亡率降低(13.26%±2.19%vs 9.28%±1.58%;P<0.05),血清炎症因子(TNF-α、IL-6)水平降低(15.61±1.29 vs 10.28±1.46 pg/mL;30.28±1.11 vs 23.56±2.13 pg/mL;P<0.05),血清抗氧化酶(SOD、CAT)活性水平增加(13.69±1.72 vs 19.23±2.39 U/mg protein;12.97±2.26 vs 17.38±1.47 U/mg protein;P<0.05),海马组织的TLR4、MD-2蛋白表达水平降低(0.65±0.03 vs 0.33±0.09;0.72±0.08 vs 0.41±0.04;P<0.05)。[结论]丙泊酚能够改善脓毒症小鼠海马组织的神经元损伤,减少神经元凋亡率和炎症因子水平,增加抗氧化酶水平。丙泊酚的这一作用与抑制TLR4/MD-2通路密切相关。
文摘【目的】系统探究柴达木盆地耕地耕层土壤盐碱化水平及养分状况,优化柴达木盆地耕地耕层土壤评价因子,构建评价与诊断模型,为区域粮食安全和生态可持续发展提供科学依据。【方法】以柴达木盆地耕作层土壤为对象,基于470个土壤样品的11项土壤指标(全盐:TS、电导率:EC、全氮:TN、全磷:TP、速效氮:AN、速效磷:AP、pH、有机质:SOM、钠离子:Na^(+)、氯离子:Cl^(-)、硫酸根离子:SO_(4)^(2-)),通过主成分分析(PCA)与Norm值构建最小数据集(Minimum data set,MDS),结合多准则妥协解排序法(VIKOR法),系统评价土壤质量指数(Soil quality index,SQI)并诊断主要障碍因子。【结果】研究区土壤呈现显著盐碱化风险(TS均值2.449 g/kg,C_(V)=53.98%)和氮磷养分限制特征(TN均值为0.916 mg/kg,TP的C_(V)为118.38%);MDS筛选出TS、TN、TP、AP、Cl^(-)和SO_(4)^(2-)等6项核心指标,可替代全数据集(Total data set,TDS)精准评价土壤质量(R^(2)=0.904);VIKOR模型显示,格尔木和大柴旦地区土壤综合障碍度最高(群体效应值S>0.46),TP与SO_(4)^(2-)是主要限制因子,德令哈土壤质量最优(SQI=0.284)。【讨论】研究揭示了盐碱化与养分失衡对干旱区土壤质量的协同制约效应,为柴达木盆地耕地定向改良提供了科学依据。
文摘It is important to understand the effects of demineralization on the reactivity of coal pyrolysis for demineralization coal in OCCSS systems.The molecular dynamics of the pyrolysis of ZD-R and ZD-D was investigated using the ReaxFF MD method.It is indicated that the pyrolysis reactivity of ZD-D is enhanced.Acid demineralization treatment helps to enhance the cross-linking reaction of light tar C5-14 molecules in the main pyrolysis stage,generating light tar fragments with higher molecular mass.In the polycondensation pyrolysis stage,the acid demineralization treatment promotes the polycondensation reaction at high temperatures.The generation of H2 in ZD-R pyrolysis is primarily attributed to the N-H bond breaking in pyrrole at low temperatures.At high temperatures,it is predominantly associated with the hydrogen abstraction reaction between carboxyl functional groups and the dehydrogenation reaction of hydrogen bond breaking in the aliphatic hydrocarbon structures.H2O is primarily attributed to the reaction of the hydroxyl group on the carboxyl group.CO_(2) is always related to the carboxyl group.CO is mainly related to the reduction reaction of carbonyl group,carboxyl group,and CO_(2).During the initial pyrolysis stage of ZD-D after acid demineralization treatment,the hydrogen abstraction reaction of the carboxyl functional group and the generation of CO molecules by the methoxy group are enhanced.The generation of H2 by the aliphatic structure is enhanced in the main pyrolysis stage.The ring-opening reaction of the phenoxy group to generate CO in the polycondensation pyrolysis stage is also facilitated.
