The fuzzy comfortability of a wind-sensitive super-high tower crane is critical to guarantee occupant health and improve construction efficiency.Therefore,the wind-resistant fuzzy comfortability of a super-high tower ...The fuzzy comfortability of a wind-sensitive super-high tower crane is critical to guarantee occupant health and improve construction efficiency.Therefore,the wind-resistant fuzzy comfortability of a super-high tower crane in the Ma’anshan Yangtze River(MYR)Bridge site is analyzed in this paper.First,the membership function model that represents fuzzy comfortability is introduced in the probability density evolution method(PDEM).Second,based on Fechner’s law,the membership function curves are constructed according to three acceleration thresholds in ISO 2631.Then,the fuzzy comfortability for the super-high tower crane under stochastic wind loads is assessed on the basis of different cut-set levelsλ.Results show that the comfortability is over 0.9 under the required maximum operating wind velocity.The low sensitivity toλcan be observed in the reliability curves of ISOⅡandⅢmembership functions.The reliability of the ISOⅠmembership function is not sensitive toλwhenλ<0.7,whereas it becomes sensitive toλwhenλ>0.7.展开更多
Effects of High Temperature and High Humidity on the Degree of Ocular Damage Caused by 60 GHz Millimeter Wave Exposure Masami Kojima1,2,Takafumi Tasaki3,4,Toshio Kamijo5,Aki Hada5,Yukihisa Suzuki5,Masateru Ikehata6,Hi...Effects of High Temperature and High Humidity on the Degree of Ocular Damage Caused by 60 GHz Millimeter Wave Exposure Masami Kojima1,2,Takafumi Tasaki3,4,Toshio Kamijo5,Aki Hada5,Yukihisa Suzuki5,Masateru Ikehata6,Hiroshi Sasaki1,2(1.Division of Vision Research for Environmental Health,Medical Research Institute,Kanazawa Medical University,Kahoku,Japan;2.Department of Ophthalmology,Kanazawa Medical University,Kahoku,Japan;3.Division of Protein Regulation Research,Medical Research Institute;4.Department of Medical Zoology,Kanazawa Medical University,Kahoku,Japan;5.Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science,Graduate School of Systems Design,Tokyo Metropolitan University,Tokyo,Japan;6.Comfort Science and Engineering Laboratory,Human Science Division,Railway Technical Research Institute,Tokyo,Japan)Abstract:Millimeter waves(MMW)are pervasive in society;however,studies on the biological effects of MMWexposure are usually performed in laboratory settings not reflecting global environmental diversity.We investigated the effects of a 6 min exposure to 60 GHz MMW(wavelength,5.0 mm)at incident power densities of 200 and 300 mW cm-2 in eyes(exposed right eyes vs.unexposed left eyes)under various ambient temperature/relative humidity environments(24℃/50%,45℃/20%,and 45℃/80%)using an in vivo rabbit model.Correlations were examined with adverse ocular events,including corneal epithelial damage(assessed using fluorescein staining),corneal opacity(evaluated by slit-lamp microscopy)。展开更多
悦读·明其义Conquering challenges,embracing growth克服挑战,拥抱成长Personal growth is a continuous journey that involves learning and overcoming challenges.It helps us develop our skills and achieve our goals.For ...悦读·明其义Conquering challenges,embracing growth克服挑战,拥抱成长Personal growth is a continuous journey that involves learning and overcoming challenges.It helps us develop our skills and achieve our goals.For many,the journey begins with stepping out of our comfort zones and facing new challenges.Understanding ourselves is very important for personal growth.By knowing our strengths and weaknesses,we can find areas to improve.For example,if you have trouble speaking in public,you can join a speech club or practice in front of a mirror.This kind of self⁃reflection helps us see our limitations and turn them into opportunities for growth.展开更多
真题回顾(2024·海南·中考真题)A hug(拥抱)is a form of human touch that happens when two or more people hold each other closely.People hug for many different reasons in their lives.For example,if a child is sad...真题回顾(2024·海南·中考真题)A hug(拥抱)is a form of human touch that happens when two or more people hold each other closely.People hug for many different reasons in their lives.For example,if a child is sad,a parent may hug him or her to give comfort.Grown-ups may hug to show each other love.Friends may hug to show friendship.Members of a team may hug after winning a game to show happiness and encourage other team members.展开更多
A good friend is like a gentle breeze that blows away your gloomy mood,a beam of sunshine that warms your heart,and a guiding light that accompanies you on your journey.A true friend brings you comfort,joy,and encoura...A good friend is like a gentle breeze that blows away your gloomy mood,a beam of sunshine that warms your heart,and a guiding light that accompanies you on your journey.A true friend brings you comfort,joy,and encouragement.展开更多
Travel is not just about seeing new places;it's about seeing the world through new eyes.It's an opportunity to learn,to grow and to be inspired.This enlightening journey begins the moment we step out of our co...Travel is not just about seeing new places;it's about seeing the world through new eyes.It's an opportunity to learn,to grow and to be inspired.This enlightening journey begins the moment we step out of our comfort zones.展开更多
Air conditioning(AC)is essential for maintaining indoor comfort during Taiwan region’s hot and humid summers but significantly contributes to increased energy consumption.This study evaluates the effects of AC dutycy...Air conditioning(AC)is essential for maintaining indoor comfort during Taiwan region’s hot and humid summers but significantly contributes to increased energy consumption.This study evaluates the effects of AC dutycycling strategies on energy performance,thermal comfort,and operational costs in office environments.Duty-cycling was implemented using a building energy management system(BEMS),which remotely controlled the ON/OFF cycles of AC units.Five duty-cycling modes were tested,with some modes incorporating air circulation during OFF periods.Field measurements of energy consumption,temperature,humidity,and air velocity were conducted and integrated with thermal comfort analysis tools to calculate predictedmean vote(PMV)and percentage of dissatisfied(PPD)values.The objective was to achieve energy savings while maintaining acceptable thermal comfort levels.Results show that Mode A achieved the highest energy savings,reducing monthly consumption by 40.79%;however,it slightly exceeded the PMV threshold(+0.5)and recorded a PPD greater than 10%,indicating reduced occupant comfort.In contrast,Mode C provided a better balance,achieving a 27.61%reduction in energy consumption while maintaining a PMV of+0.28 and a PPD of 7.49%,both within acceptable comfort limits.Despite the energy-saving benefits,not all dutycycling modes ensured satisfactory thermal comfort.Additionally,the cost analysis revealed thatMode A achieved the lowest monthly electricity cost(NTD 8476.18/USD 263.38),whileMode C incurred a higher cost(NTD 10,363.00/USD 322.01),highlighting the trade-off between energy savings,comfort,and economic impact.展开更多
This paper explains how the optimized classrooms were selected and the results that were achieved by the optimizations carried out and finalized.The context of the research is the city of Concepción,in Chile.Virt...This paper explains how the optimized classrooms were selected and the results that were achieved by the optimizations carried out and finalized.The context of the research is the city of Concepción,in Chile.Virtual models of classrooms were evaluated using the Radiance software.We used a methodology that allowed us to determine the luminous conditions under different types of skies,seasons of the year and times of the day.The evaluation of the typologies was performed based on three defined criteria,in order to achieve the stated design objectives.We defined the optimal solutions for each orientation and,finally,we stated design recommendations for daylit classrooms to ensure the visual comfort of the students.These recommendations link all that found in the initial analysis with that found in the optimization stage.展开更多
In this study,we simulated the thermal behavior of the mud-brick walls of a Nubian vault.We used EnergyPlus software for the simulation.The results obtained showed that the indoor temperature varies from 25.5℃ to 26....In this study,we simulated the thermal behavior of the mud-brick walls of a Nubian vault.We used EnergyPlus software for the simulation.The results obtained showed that the indoor temperature varies from 25.5℃ to 26.5℃ for the period of January 2018.It varies from 33.2℃ to 33.6℃ with an average value of 33.1℃ for the month of April 2018.For the period of July 2018,it varies from 30.3℃ to 32.2℃ with an average value of 31.2℃..Relative humidity for the period of July ranged from 62.3%to 73.5%,with an average value of 67.9%.The simulation enabled us to compare simulated and measured temperature and humidity values.We found that the level of thermal comfort in the Nubian vault is acceptable in both cool and hot periods.In view of these results,we can say that the Nubian vault is an architecture suited to our climate.The technical concept of the Nubian vault is adapted to the climatic conditions and traditional know-how of the Sahel.We also found that the use of raw earth,a locally available material,and the Nubian vault architectural process,contribute to thermal comfort and a reappropriation of local and adapted know-how.展开更多
BACKGROUND Surgery is the gold standard for gallstone treatment.Nevertheless,the complications associated with the surgical procedure can exert diverse and adverse impacts on patients’health and quality of life to va...BACKGROUND Surgery is the gold standard for gallstone treatment.Nevertheless,the complications associated with the surgical procedure can exert diverse and adverse impacts on patients’health and quality of life to varying extents.Hence,it is essential to offer perioperative care to patients undergoing gallstone surgery.AIM To examine the impact of perioperative comprehensive nursing on pain intensity,complication rates,and patient comfort in individuals undergoing gallstone surgery.METHODS From February 2022 to February 2024,195 patients who underwent gallstone surgery at Sanmen People’s Hospital were selected and divided into two groups:A control group receiving routine nursing care(95 patients)and a research group receiving perioperative comprehensive nursing(100 patients).Key postoperative recovery indicators,including time to first postoperative anal exhaust,oral food intake,and ambulation,were observed,along with pain intensity(measured by the numeric rating scale),complication rate(bleeding,incision infection,recurrence),patient comfort(assessed using the visual analogue scale),and quality of life(measured by the World Health Organization Quality of Life-BREF).RESULTS The research group showed significantly shorter times to first postoperative anal exhaust,oral intake,and ambulation.Moreover,numeric rating scale pain scores in the research group were markedly lower post-nursing,and the total complication rate was significantly reduced compared to the control group.Furthermore,comfort levels improved considerably in the research group,and World Health Organization Quality of Life-BREF scores across the physical,psychological,social,and environmental domains were significantly higher compared to the control group following nursing care.CONCLUSION Perioperative comprehensive nursing effectively enhances postoperative recovery in patients undergoing gallstone surgery,reducing pain,lowering complications,and improving patient comfort and quality of life,which deserves clinical application.展开更多
With the upgrading of tourism consumption patterns,the traditional renovation models of waterfront recreational spaces centered on landscape design can no longer meet the commercial and humanistic demands of modern cu...With the upgrading of tourism consumption patterns,the traditional renovation models of waterfront recreational spaces centered on landscape design can no longer meet the commercial and humanistic demands of modern cultural and tourism development.Based on scene theory as the analytical framework and taking the Xuan en Night Banquet Project in Enshi as a case study,this paper explores the design pathway for transforming waterfront areas in tourism cities from"spatial reconstruction"to"scene construction".The study argues that waterfront space renewal should transcend mere physical renovation.By implementing three core strategies:spatial narrative framework,ecological industry creation,and cultural empowerment,it is possible to construct integrated scenarios that blend cultural value,consumption spaces,and lifestyle elements.This approach ultimately fosters sustained vitality in waterfront areas and promotes the high-quality development of cultural and tourism industry.展开更多
Tour Overview.“Yangtze River Fantasy Tour-Charm of the Yangtze”is a carefully crafted 6-night,7-day journey for you to fully experience the endless charm of China's Yangtze River.On this trip,tourists will embar...Tour Overview.“Yangtze River Fantasy Tour-Charm of the Yangtze”is a carefully crafted 6-night,7-day journey for you to fully experience the endless charm of China's Yangtze River.On this trip,tourists will embark on a top luxury cruise ship on China,s inland rivers,sailing through the Yangtze River,enjoying comfort and luxury.The modern design and complete facilities of the cruise ship not only provide first-class accommodation but also offer a variety of onboard entertainment activities,filling your journey with laughter and joy.展开更多
Denim is timeless.From casual Fridays to nights out,from factory floors to fashion runways-jeans have become an essential part of modern life.But there's one thing even the most loyal denim lovers can't deny:o...Denim is timeless.From casual Fridays to nights out,from factory floors to fashion runways-jeans have become an essential part of modern life.But there's one thing even the most loyal denim lovers can't deny:on warm days,they can make you sweat.Outlast Technologies GmbH is changing that-by making denim that helps you sweat less and feel more comfortable throughout the day.展开更多
Traditionally,passenger comfort in vehicles is perceived as being most influenced by acceleration and jerk.Consequently,the current research primarily focuses on developing control algorithms to limit the maximum acce...Traditionally,passenger comfort in vehicles is perceived as being most influenced by acceleration and jerk.Consequently,the current research primarily focuses on developing control algorithms to limit the maximum acceleration and jerk of the vehicle in order to improve passenger comfort.However,naturalistic driving studies demonstrate that such simple characteristics are insufficient for accurately evaluating passenger comfort.This study identifies motion complexity as a key factor of passenger comfort.A series of naturalistic driving studies are conducted,during which passenger comfort is assessed using a 5-point Likert scale.Moreover,a real-time passenger comfort measurement based on electromyography(EMG)and stepwise regression is proposed to facilitate seamless data collection.Time-series features representing motion complexity are then introduced to better describe passenger comfort.Hierarchical regression confirms that simple characteristics of motion are insufficient to explain passenger comfort,and shows that the proposed motion complexity features have a substantial effect on passenger comfort.Finally,a machine learning-based real-time passenger comfort estimation method is developed according to the foregoing findings.Experimental results show that the proposed method can accurately estimate passenger comfort in real-time using only vehicle motion information.The findings of this study suggest that vehicle motion complexity should be considered in future passenger comfort studies.展开更多
This study compares two end-cooling systems,convective-radiant combined cooling(FR+FC)and fan coil convection(FC),through continuous experimental investigations,focusing on the impact of window-to-wall ratio(WWR)on in...This study compares two end-cooling systems,convective-radiant combined cooling(FR+FC)and fan coil convection(FC),through continuous experimental investigations,focusing on the impact of window-to-wall ratio(WWR)on indoor thermal comfort,temperature distribution,humidity,and energy consumption.Results show that increasing WWR amplifies indoor temperature fluctuations.While the overall predicted mean vote(PMV)remains within the Level-II comfort range(−1.0 to+1.0),the FC system exhibits pronounced local PMV gradients near west-facing windows,especially at 80%WWR,where transient PMV reaches 1.26 close to the window,0.89 higher than at the room center.In contrast,the FR+FC system significantly reduces spatial PMV variations,maintaining local PMV within acceptable limits for most of the day.Energy analysis reveals that FC energy consumption rises with WWR,increasing by 7.11%from 40%to 80%WWR,whereas FR+FC energy use decreases by 29.26%over the same range,demonstrating its superior handling of radiant loads.Furthermore,the convective-radiant system exhibits a high average hourly cooling performance coefficient.These findings indicate that FR+FC systems provide better thermal comfort and energy efficiency in high-WWR spaces,making them particularly suitable for summer operation in window-intensive buildings.展开更多
This paper presents the development of a thermoplastic shape memory rubber that can be programmed at human body temperature for comfortable fitting applications.We hybridized commercially available thermoplastic rubbe...This paper presents the development of a thermoplastic shape memory rubber that can be programmed at human body temperature for comfortable fitting applications.We hybridized commercially available thermoplastic rubber(TPR)used in the footwear industry with un-crosslinked polycaprolactone(PCL)to create two samples,namely TP6040 and TP7030.The shape memory behavior,elasticity,and thermo-mechanical response of these rubbers were systematically investigated.The experimental results demonstrated outstanding shape memory performance,with both samples achieving shape fixity ratios(Rf)and shape recovery ratios(R_(r))exceeding 94%.TP6040 exhibited a fitting time of 80 s at body temperature(37℃),indicating a rapid response for shape fixing.The materials also showed good elasticity before and after programming,which is crucial for comfort fitting.These findings suggest that the developed shape memory thermoplastic rubber has potential applications in personalized comfort fitting products,offering advantages over traditional customization techniques in terms of efficiency and cost-effectiveness.展开更多
The Double Take column looks at a single topic from an African and Chinese perspective.This month,we delve into the dilemma of choosing between telling the harsh truth and offering a wellintentioned lie.
Dear Editor,Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation(TMS)has emerged as a promising therapeutic tool for various neurological and psychiatric conditions[1-3].However,despite its potential benefits,TMS is not without its disc...Dear Editor,Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation(TMS)has emerged as a promising therapeutic tool for various neurological and psychiatric conditions[1-3].However,despite its potential benefits,TMS is not without its discomfort issues[4,5],which are mainly related to target location,stimulus intensity,and treatment duration.The discomfort associated with TMS arises from several factors,including the physical sensations experienced during the procedure and potential adverse effects on the scalp and surrounding tissues.展开更多
To the Editor:With the popularity of liver transplantation(LT)and the inspiration for long-time survival,issues related to evaluating the liver allograft have increased in recent years[1-3].Although there has been ren...To the Editor:With the popularity of liver transplantation(LT)and the inspiration for long-time survival,issues related to evaluating the liver allograft have increased in recent years[1-3].Although there has been renewed interest in non-invasive methods to evaluate diffuse liver disease,liver biopsy is still the golden standard in clinical practice,particularly for liver transplant recipients(LTRs).The liver biopsy has always been performed in LTRs as a part of standard procedure in cases whose liver function was normal,named as protocol liver biopsy,or to identify histological abnormalities for abnormal liver function and provide guidance for the adjustment of immunosuppressive regimen[4,5].Percutaneous liver biopsy(PLB)has been frequently conducted in LTRs;however,the clinical implementation of protocol liver biopsy by PLB in LTRs is challenging due to their suboptimal compliance,particularly in China[6].Besides,the PLB procedure has been associated with discomfort and potentially life-threatening complications in the general population,as reported in the literature[7,8].展开更多
Heating,Ventilation,andAir Conditioning(HVAC)systems are critical formaintaining thermal comfort in office environments which also crucial for occupant well-being and productivity.This study investigates the impact of...Heating,Ventilation,andAir Conditioning(HVAC)systems are critical formaintaining thermal comfort in office environments which also crucial for occupant well-being and productivity.This study investigates the impact of integrating ceiling fans with higher air conditioning setpoints on thermal comfort and energy efficiency in office environments.Field measurements and questionnaire surveys were conducted to evaluate thermal comfort and energysaving potential under varying conditions.Results show that increasing the AC setpoint from 25○C to 27○C,combined with ceiling fan operation,reduced power consumption by 10%,achieving significant energy savings.Survey data confirmed that 85%of participants reported consistent thermal sensations across all conditions,with ceiling fans effectively compensating for higher setpoints through enhanced air circulation.CFDsimulations revealed that mediumspeed ceiling fan operation produced the most uniformairflowdistribution,with an average air velocity of 0.45 m/s,and minimized temperature variations,ensuring balanced thermal conditions.Temperature analysis showed a reduction in hotspots and cold zones,maintaining an average temperature deviation of less than±0.5○C.Predicted Mean Vote(PMV)evaluations at a 27○C setpoint indicated improved thermal comfort,with average PMV values around−0.3,corresponding to a“neutral”thermal sensation.These findings demonstrate the effectiveness of integrating ceiling fans with HVAC systems in achieving energy efficiency and occupant comfort,offering a sustainable approach to reducing AC energy consumption in office environments.展开更多
基金The National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52108274,52208481,52338011)State Scholarship Fund of China Scholarship Council(No.202306090285).
文摘The fuzzy comfortability of a wind-sensitive super-high tower crane is critical to guarantee occupant health and improve construction efficiency.Therefore,the wind-resistant fuzzy comfortability of a super-high tower crane in the Ma’anshan Yangtze River(MYR)Bridge site is analyzed in this paper.First,the membership function model that represents fuzzy comfortability is introduced in the probability density evolution method(PDEM).Second,based on Fechner’s law,the membership function curves are constructed according to three acceleration thresholds in ISO 2631.Then,the fuzzy comfortability for the super-high tower crane under stochastic wind loads is assessed on the basis of different cut-set levelsλ.Results show that the comfortability is over 0.9 under the required maximum operating wind velocity.The low sensitivity toλcan be observed in the reliability curves of ISOⅡandⅢmembership functions.The reliability of the ISOⅠmembership function is not sensitive toλwhenλ<0.7,whereas it becomes sensitive toλwhenλ>0.7.
文摘Effects of High Temperature and High Humidity on the Degree of Ocular Damage Caused by 60 GHz Millimeter Wave Exposure Masami Kojima1,2,Takafumi Tasaki3,4,Toshio Kamijo5,Aki Hada5,Yukihisa Suzuki5,Masateru Ikehata6,Hiroshi Sasaki1,2(1.Division of Vision Research for Environmental Health,Medical Research Institute,Kanazawa Medical University,Kahoku,Japan;2.Department of Ophthalmology,Kanazawa Medical University,Kahoku,Japan;3.Division of Protein Regulation Research,Medical Research Institute;4.Department of Medical Zoology,Kanazawa Medical University,Kahoku,Japan;5.Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science,Graduate School of Systems Design,Tokyo Metropolitan University,Tokyo,Japan;6.Comfort Science and Engineering Laboratory,Human Science Division,Railway Technical Research Institute,Tokyo,Japan)Abstract:Millimeter waves(MMW)are pervasive in society;however,studies on the biological effects of MMWexposure are usually performed in laboratory settings not reflecting global environmental diversity.We investigated the effects of a 6 min exposure to 60 GHz MMW(wavelength,5.0 mm)at incident power densities of 200 and 300 mW cm-2 in eyes(exposed right eyes vs.unexposed left eyes)under various ambient temperature/relative humidity environments(24℃/50%,45℃/20%,and 45℃/80%)using an in vivo rabbit model.Correlations were examined with adverse ocular events,including corneal epithelial damage(assessed using fluorescein staining),corneal opacity(evaluated by slit-lamp microscopy)。
文摘悦读·明其义Conquering challenges,embracing growth克服挑战,拥抱成长Personal growth is a continuous journey that involves learning and overcoming challenges.It helps us develop our skills and achieve our goals.For many,the journey begins with stepping out of our comfort zones and facing new challenges.Understanding ourselves is very important for personal growth.By knowing our strengths and weaknesses,we can find areas to improve.For example,if you have trouble speaking in public,you can join a speech club or practice in front of a mirror.This kind of self⁃reflection helps us see our limitations and turn them into opportunities for growth.
文摘真题回顾(2024·海南·中考真题)A hug(拥抱)is a form of human touch that happens when two or more people hold each other closely.People hug for many different reasons in their lives.For example,if a child is sad,a parent may hug him or her to give comfort.Grown-ups may hug to show each other love.Friends may hug to show friendship.Members of a team may hug after winning a game to show happiness and encourage other team members.
文摘A good friend is like a gentle breeze that blows away your gloomy mood,a beam of sunshine that warms your heart,and a guiding light that accompanies you on your journey.A true friend brings you comfort,joy,and encouragement.
文摘Travel is not just about seeing new places;it's about seeing the world through new eyes.It's an opportunity to learn,to grow and to be inspired.This enlightening journey begins the moment we step out of our comfort zones.
基金financial support by the National Science and Technology Council under grant no.NSTC 112-2221-E-167-017-MY3.
文摘Air conditioning(AC)is essential for maintaining indoor comfort during Taiwan region’s hot and humid summers but significantly contributes to increased energy consumption.This study evaluates the effects of AC dutycycling strategies on energy performance,thermal comfort,and operational costs in office environments.Duty-cycling was implemented using a building energy management system(BEMS),which remotely controlled the ON/OFF cycles of AC units.Five duty-cycling modes were tested,with some modes incorporating air circulation during OFF periods.Field measurements of energy consumption,temperature,humidity,and air velocity were conducted and integrated with thermal comfort analysis tools to calculate predictedmean vote(PMV)and percentage of dissatisfied(PPD)values.The objective was to achieve energy savings while maintaining acceptable thermal comfort levels.Results show that Mode A achieved the highest energy savings,reducing monthly consumption by 40.79%;however,it slightly exceeded the PMV threshold(+0.5)and recorded a PPD greater than 10%,indicating reduced occupant comfort.In contrast,Mode C provided a better balance,achieving a 27.61%reduction in energy consumption while maintaining a PMV of+0.28 and a PPD of 7.49%,both within acceptable comfort limits.Despite the energy-saving benefits,not all dutycycling modes ensured satisfactory thermal comfort.Additionally,the cost analysis revealed thatMode A achieved the lowest monthly electricity cost(NTD 8476.18/USD 263.38),whileMode C incurred a higher cost(NTD 10,363.00/USD 322.01),highlighting the trade-off between energy savings,comfort,and economic impact.
文摘This paper explains how the optimized classrooms were selected and the results that were achieved by the optimizations carried out and finalized.The context of the research is the city of Concepción,in Chile.Virtual models of classrooms were evaluated using the Radiance software.We used a methodology that allowed us to determine the luminous conditions under different types of skies,seasons of the year and times of the day.The evaluation of the typologies was performed based on three defined criteria,in order to achieve the stated design objectives.We defined the optimal solutions for each orientation and,finally,we stated design recommendations for daylit classrooms to ensure the visual comfort of the students.These recommendations link all that found in the initial analysis with that found in the optimization stage.
文摘In this study,we simulated the thermal behavior of the mud-brick walls of a Nubian vault.We used EnergyPlus software for the simulation.The results obtained showed that the indoor temperature varies from 25.5℃ to 26.5℃ for the period of January 2018.It varies from 33.2℃ to 33.6℃ with an average value of 33.1℃ for the month of April 2018.For the period of July 2018,it varies from 30.3℃ to 32.2℃ with an average value of 31.2℃..Relative humidity for the period of July ranged from 62.3%to 73.5%,with an average value of 67.9%.The simulation enabled us to compare simulated and measured temperature and humidity values.We found that the level of thermal comfort in the Nubian vault is acceptable in both cool and hot periods.In view of these results,we can say that the Nubian vault is an architecture suited to our climate.The technical concept of the Nubian vault is adapted to the climatic conditions and traditional know-how of the Sahel.We also found that the use of raw earth,a locally available material,and the Nubian vault architectural process,contribute to thermal comfort and a reappropriation of local and adapted know-how.
基金Supported by Science and Technology Program of Sanmen County Public Technology Social Development Project,No.24227.
文摘BACKGROUND Surgery is the gold standard for gallstone treatment.Nevertheless,the complications associated with the surgical procedure can exert diverse and adverse impacts on patients’health and quality of life to varying extents.Hence,it is essential to offer perioperative care to patients undergoing gallstone surgery.AIM To examine the impact of perioperative comprehensive nursing on pain intensity,complication rates,and patient comfort in individuals undergoing gallstone surgery.METHODS From February 2022 to February 2024,195 patients who underwent gallstone surgery at Sanmen People’s Hospital were selected and divided into two groups:A control group receiving routine nursing care(95 patients)and a research group receiving perioperative comprehensive nursing(100 patients).Key postoperative recovery indicators,including time to first postoperative anal exhaust,oral food intake,and ambulation,were observed,along with pain intensity(measured by the numeric rating scale),complication rate(bleeding,incision infection,recurrence),patient comfort(assessed using the visual analogue scale),and quality of life(measured by the World Health Organization Quality of Life-BREF).RESULTS The research group showed significantly shorter times to first postoperative anal exhaust,oral intake,and ambulation.Moreover,numeric rating scale pain scores in the research group were markedly lower post-nursing,and the total complication rate was significantly reduced compared to the control group.Furthermore,comfort levels improved considerably in the research group,and World Health Organization Quality of Life-BREF scores across the physical,psychological,social,and environmental domains were significantly higher compared to the control group following nursing care.CONCLUSION Perioperative comprehensive nursing effectively enhances postoperative recovery in patients undergoing gallstone surgery,reducing pain,lowering complications,and improving patient comfort and quality of life,which deserves clinical application.
文摘With the upgrading of tourism consumption patterns,the traditional renovation models of waterfront recreational spaces centered on landscape design can no longer meet the commercial and humanistic demands of modern cultural and tourism development.Based on scene theory as the analytical framework and taking the Xuan en Night Banquet Project in Enshi as a case study,this paper explores the design pathway for transforming waterfront areas in tourism cities from"spatial reconstruction"to"scene construction".The study argues that waterfront space renewal should transcend mere physical renovation.By implementing three core strategies:spatial narrative framework,ecological industry creation,and cultural empowerment,it is possible to construct integrated scenarios that blend cultural value,consumption spaces,and lifestyle elements.This approach ultimately fosters sustained vitality in waterfront areas and promotes the high-quality development of cultural and tourism industry.
文摘Tour Overview.“Yangtze River Fantasy Tour-Charm of the Yangtze”is a carefully crafted 6-night,7-day journey for you to fully experience the endless charm of China's Yangtze River.On this trip,tourists will embark on a top luxury cruise ship on China,s inland rivers,sailing through the Yangtze River,enjoying comfort and luxury.The modern design and complete facilities of the cruise ship not only provide first-class accommodation but also offer a variety of onboard entertainment activities,filling your journey with laughter and joy.
文摘Denim is timeless.From casual Fridays to nights out,from factory floors to fashion runways-jeans have become an essential part of modern life.But there's one thing even the most loyal denim lovers can't deny:on warm days,they can make you sweat.Outlast Technologies GmbH is changing that-by making denim that helps you sweat less and feel more comfortable throughout the day.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.52221005)Tsinghua-Toyota Joint Research Fund.
文摘Traditionally,passenger comfort in vehicles is perceived as being most influenced by acceleration and jerk.Consequently,the current research primarily focuses on developing control algorithms to limit the maximum acceleration and jerk of the vehicle in order to improve passenger comfort.However,naturalistic driving studies demonstrate that such simple characteristics are insufficient for accurately evaluating passenger comfort.This study identifies motion complexity as a key factor of passenger comfort.A series of naturalistic driving studies are conducted,during which passenger comfort is assessed using a 5-point Likert scale.Moreover,a real-time passenger comfort measurement based on electromyography(EMG)and stepwise regression is proposed to facilitate seamless data collection.Time-series features representing motion complexity are then introduced to better describe passenger comfort.Hierarchical regression confirms that simple characteristics of motion are insufficient to explain passenger comfort,and shows that the proposed motion complexity features have a substantial effect on passenger comfort.Finally,a machine learning-based real-time passenger comfort estimation method is developed according to the foregoing findings.Experimental results show that the proposed method can accurately estimate passenger comfort in real-time using only vehicle motion information.The findings of this study suggest that vehicle motion complexity should be considered in future passenger comfort studies.
基金supported by the Open Fund(Nos.202303 and 202304)of the Sichuan Province Engineering Technology Research Center of Healthy Human SettlementKey Research and Development Program of Sichuan Province(2022YFG0138)supported by Postgraduate Innovation Fund Project by Southwest University of Science and Technology(25ycx1084).
文摘This study compares two end-cooling systems,convective-radiant combined cooling(FR+FC)and fan coil convection(FC),through continuous experimental investigations,focusing on the impact of window-to-wall ratio(WWR)on indoor thermal comfort,temperature distribution,humidity,and energy consumption.Results show that increasing WWR amplifies indoor temperature fluctuations.While the overall predicted mean vote(PMV)remains within the Level-II comfort range(−1.0 to+1.0),the FC system exhibits pronounced local PMV gradients near west-facing windows,especially at 80%WWR,where transient PMV reaches 1.26 close to the window,0.89 higher than at the room center.In contrast,the FR+FC system significantly reduces spatial PMV variations,maintaining local PMV within acceptable limits for most of the day.Energy analysis reveals that FC energy consumption rises with WWR,increasing by 7.11%from 40%to 80%WWR,whereas FR+FC energy use decreases by 29.26%over the same range,demonstrating its superior handling of radiant loads.Furthermore,the convective-radiant system exhibits a high average hourly cooling performance coefficient.These findings indicate that FR+FC systems provide better thermal comfort and energy efficiency in high-WWR spaces,making them particularly suitable for summer operation in window-intensive buildings.
基金supported by the Aeronautical Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.2024Z009052003,20230038052001 and 20230015052002)the Third Batch of Science and Technology Plan Projects in Changzhou City in 2023(Applied Basic Research,Grant No.CJ20230080).
文摘This paper presents the development of a thermoplastic shape memory rubber that can be programmed at human body temperature for comfortable fitting applications.We hybridized commercially available thermoplastic rubber(TPR)used in the footwear industry with un-crosslinked polycaprolactone(PCL)to create two samples,namely TP6040 and TP7030.The shape memory behavior,elasticity,and thermo-mechanical response of these rubbers were systematically investigated.The experimental results demonstrated outstanding shape memory performance,with both samples achieving shape fixity ratios(Rf)and shape recovery ratios(R_(r))exceeding 94%.TP6040 exhibited a fitting time of 80 s at body temperature(37℃),indicating a rapid response for shape fixing.The materials also showed good elasticity before and after programming,which is crucial for comfort fitting.These findings suggest that the developed shape memory thermoplastic rubber has potential applications in personalized comfort fitting products,offering advantages over traditional customization techniques in terms of efficiency and cost-effectiveness.
文摘The Double Take column looks at a single topic from an African and Chinese perspective.This month,we delve into the dilemma of choosing between telling the harsh truth and offering a wellintentioned lie.
基金supported by STI2030-Major Projects(2021ZD0200200)the Key Collaborative Research Program of the Alliance of International Science Organizations(ANSO-CR-KP-2022-10)+1 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of China(82151307,82202253,and 31620103905)the Science Frontier Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(QYZDJ-SSW-SMC019).
文摘Dear Editor,Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation(TMS)has emerged as a promising therapeutic tool for various neurological and psychiatric conditions[1-3].However,despite its potential benefits,TMS is not without its discomfort issues[4,5],which are mainly related to target location,stimulus intensity,and treatment duration.The discomfort associated with TMS arises from several factors,including the physical sensations experienced during the procedure and potential adverse effects on the scalp and surrounding tissues.
基金supported by a grant from 2021 Shandong Provincial Social Science Popularization and Application Research Project (2021-SKZC-18)。
文摘To the Editor:With the popularity of liver transplantation(LT)and the inspiration for long-time survival,issues related to evaluating the liver allograft have increased in recent years[1-3].Although there has been renewed interest in non-invasive methods to evaluate diffuse liver disease,liver biopsy is still the golden standard in clinical practice,particularly for liver transplant recipients(LTRs).The liver biopsy has always been performed in LTRs as a part of standard procedure in cases whose liver function was normal,named as protocol liver biopsy,or to identify histological abnormalities for abnormal liver function and provide guidance for the adjustment of immunosuppressive regimen[4,5].Percutaneous liver biopsy(PLB)has been frequently conducted in LTRs;however,the clinical implementation of protocol liver biopsy by PLB in LTRs is challenging due to their suboptimal compliance,particularly in China[6].Besides,the PLB procedure has been associated with discomfort and potentially life-threatening complications in the general population,as reported in the literature[7,8].
基金support by the National Science and Technology Council under Grant No.NSTC 112-2221-E-167-017-MY3.
文摘Heating,Ventilation,andAir Conditioning(HVAC)systems are critical formaintaining thermal comfort in office environments which also crucial for occupant well-being and productivity.This study investigates the impact of integrating ceiling fans with higher air conditioning setpoints on thermal comfort and energy efficiency in office environments.Field measurements and questionnaire surveys were conducted to evaluate thermal comfort and energysaving potential under varying conditions.Results show that increasing the AC setpoint from 25○C to 27○C,combined with ceiling fan operation,reduced power consumption by 10%,achieving significant energy savings.Survey data confirmed that 85%of participants reported consistent thermal sensations across all conditions,with ceiling fans effectively compensating for higher setpoints through enhanced air circulation.CFDsimulations revealed that mediumspeed ceiling fan operation produced the most uniformairflowdistribution,with an average air velocity of 0.45 m/s,and minimized temperature variations,ensuring balanced thermal conditions.Temperature analysis showed a reduction in hotspots and cold zones,maintaining an average temperature deviation of less than±0.5○C.Predicted Mean Vote(PMV)evaluations at a 27○C setpoint indicated improved thermal comfort,with average PMV values around−0.3,corresponding to a“neutral”thermal sensation.These findings demonstrate the effectiveness of integrating ceiling fans with HVAC systems in achieving energy efficiency and occupant comfort,offering a sustainable approach to reducing AC energy consumption in office environments.
