The architecture of multilayer acting in colorful appearance has been widely reported.In spite of this,it is interesting that dense multilayer in epicuticle for Popillia indgigonacea Motsch elytra not only helps prese...The architecture of multilayer acting in colorful appearance has been widely reported.In spite of this,it is interesting that dense multilayer in epicuticle for Popillia indgigonacea Motsch elytra not only helps presenting angle dependence color-changing,but also showing higher reduced modulus(Er)and hardness(H)to protect soft abdomen below.The optical and nanomechanical properties of elytron were investigated by structural observation,optical experiments,nanoindentation and coupled bionic model simulations.The peak reflectance gradually varies from 588 nm to 510 nm with color change from orange and yellow to green when the incidence angle switches from 0°to 60°,which is attributed to the regulated variation from refractive spectra between the layers in different angle.In addition,the relatively higher Er and H of elytron epicuticle and endocuticle could play a role in resisting force with its multilayer.To identify the multifunctional characteristics of multilayer,optical and mechanical simulations were conducted based on coupled bionic models,and a strong consistence between the experiments and simulations is obtained.The multilayer could resist force with lowest strain and stress,and the structural thickness is the most necessary factors that could adjust the colors in color-changing process.展开更多
Given customizable crystal structure and intriguing optical properties,lanthanide titanium-oxygen clusters(LTOCs)with atomic-level accuracy have gained a lot of interest.In this study,we prepared[Ln_(9)Ti_(2)(μ4-O)(...Given customizable crystal structure and intriguing optical properties,lanthanide titanium-oxygen clusters(LTOCs)with atomic-level accuracy have gained a lot of interest.In this study,we prepared[Ln_(9)Ti_(2)(μ4-O)(μ3-OH)_(14)(acac)_(17)(CH_(3)O)_(2)(CH_(3)OH)_(3)](Ln=Tb_(x)Eu_(9−x)(x=0,4,6,7,8,9),Hacac=acetylacetone),Tb^(3+)and Eu^(3+)co-doped LTOCs,to modify the optical properties for the luminescence thermometer.In detail,the serial LTOCs display dual characteristic emission peaks of ^(5)D_(4)→^(7)F_(5) for Tb^(3+)and^(5)D_(0)→^(7)F_(2) for Eu^(3+)at 548 and 616 nm,respectively,under 330 nm excitation.Effective energy transfer(ET)between Tb^(3+)ions and Eu^(3+)ions was revealed in terms of both emission spectra and luminescence lifetime.The ^(5)D_(0)→^(7)F_(2) emission intensity of Eu^(3+)ions at 616 nm is maximally enhanced(by a factor of 11.2)with a change in the relative molar ratio of Tb^(3+)to Eu^(3+),along with a change in the ET efficiency of Tb^(3+)→Eu^(3+).In addition,the luminescent color changes from red,orange,yellow,to green.This precise control of the ET process between rare-earth ions allows{Tb_(6)Eu_(3)Ti_(2)}to reach a maximum relative sensitivity of 1.241 K^(−1) at 355 K,which is an enhancement of up to 4.6-fold with respect to the previously reported homonuclear emission,holding great potential in the optical thermometers.展开更多
Multifunctional responsive actuators have garnered considerable attention for their potential applications in soft robots,wearable devices,smart displays,environmental sensing,and biomimetic systems.Herein,we present ...Multifunctional responsive actuators have garnered considerable attention for their potential applications in soft robots,wearable devices,smart displays,environmental sensing,and biomimetic systems.Herein,we present a multifunctional color-changing ionic soft actuator that integrates electrical actuation and humidity-induced color-changing functionalities,fabricated using carboxylated cellulose nanofibers,ionic liquids,polyvinyl alcohol,cellulose nanocrystals,and poly(ethylene glycol)diacrylate.The electro-humidity responsive actuator exhibited remarkable actuation performance,including a maximum tip displacement(10.2 mm),low driving voltage(as low as 1.0 V),high operational stability(95.2%reliability after 2000 actuation cycles),broad working frequency range(0.2–3.0 Hz),and exceptional tolerance to humid environments(90%relative humidity).In addition,the actuator showcased reversible and integrated color-changing capabilities.These features enabled the design of innovative devices,such as biomimetic flowers and smart color-changing windows with tunable optical properties.Consequently,this multifunctional actuator provides a promising platform for applications in soft robots,optical anti-counterfeiting systems,information storage materials,and intelligent home technologies.展开更多
Modified carbon dots with resazurin(R-CD)were prepared using a hydrothermal method to fabricate a CNF-based pH-responsive indicator for real-time food freshness monitoring.FE-SEM and FTIR results confirmed that the R-...Modified carbon dots with resazurin(R-CD)were prepared using a hydrothermal method to fabricate a CNF-based pH-responsive indicator for real-time food freshness monitoring.FE-SEM and FTIR results confirmed that the R-CD was uniformly distributed in the CNF matrix.The thermal stability of the CNF/R-CD indicator film was increased,and the water contact angle of the film was slightly lower than that of the neat CNF film.The CNF/R-CD film showed excellent UV-barrier properties,with~98.3%and 87.7%blocking the UV-B and UV-A light.The indicator film showed excellent color stability even after 2 months of storage at 25℃ and responded rapidly to alkaline pH and NH3 through a color change from yellow to brownish-red.The CNF/R-CD indicator films exhibited distinct color changes during shrimp packaging depending on pH and TVB-N concentration.Therefore,the CNF/R-CD indicator can be used as a promising pH-sensitive color-changing intelligent packaging application for freshness monitoring.展开更多
In order to expand the color-change range and make the discoloration temperature suitable for the daily textiles,a new formulation of mixed-colorants thermochromic core material is designed,in which crystal violet lac...In order to expand the color-change range and make the discoloration temperature suitable for the daily textiles,a new formulation of mixed-colorants thermochromic core material is designed,in which crystal violet lactone(CVL)is the basic color former,bisphenol A(BPA)is the developer,especially the solvent-based dye and dodecyl dedecanoate are used as the extended dye and the solvent,respectively.Scanning electron microscope(SEM),differential scanning calorimeter(DSC)and thermogravimetric analyzer(TGA)were applied to study the morphology,encapsulation rate,non-isothermal crystallization behavior and thermal stability of the mixed-colorant thermochromic microcapsules(MCTMs)prepared by in-situ polymerization.The results show that MCTMs have good sphericity,uniform particle size,good thermal stability and the encapsulation rate can reach 86.73%.Under the non-isothermal conditions,the encapsulation of formaldehyde-melamine resin wall material can slightly reduce the crystallization rate of the solvent,but does not affect the relative crystallinity,thermal properties and discoloration sensitivity of the core materials.With the variety of ambient temperatures in the range of 20–35℃,the printed cotton fabrics with MCTMs could change color reversibly between different tones with good reliability and durability,and exhibit more gorgeous colors than the common thermochromic materials.展开更多
基金This work was supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.31970454)Opening Project of the Key Laboratory of Bionic Engineering(Ministry of Education)of Jilin University.
文摘The architecture of multilayer acting in colorful appearance has been widely reported.In spite of this,it is interesting that dense multilayer in epicuticle for Popillia indgigonacea Motsch elytra not only helps presenting angle dependence color-changing,but also showing higher reduced modulus(Er)and hardness(H)to protect soft abdomen below.The optical and nanomechanical properties of elytron were investigated by structural observation,optical experiments,nanoindentation and coupled bionic model simulations.The peak reflectance gradually varies from 588 nm to 510 nm with color change from orange and yellow to green when the incidence angle switches from 0°to 60°,which is attributed to the regulated variation from refractive spectra between the layers in different angle.In addition,the relatively higher Er and H of elytron epicuticle and endocuticle could play a role in resisting force with its multilayer.To identify the multifunctional characteristics of multilayer,optical and mechanical simulations were conducted based on coupled bionic models,and a strong consistence between the experiments and simulations is obtained.The multilayer could resist force with lowest strain and stress,and the structural thickness is the most necessary factors that could adjust the colors in color-changing process.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.12174151 and 12304448)the Specific Research Fund of the Innovation Platform for Academicians of Hainan Province(No.YSPTZX202208)+3 种基金Hainan Province Clinical Medical Center(No.QWYH_(2)022341)the Key Laboratory of New Energy and Rare Earth Resource Utilization of the State People’s Committee of China(No.NERE202206)the Department of Science and Technology of Jilin Province(No.20220101059JC)the Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for First Aid and Trauma Research(No.KLET-202218).
文摘Given customizable crystal structure and intriguing optical properties,lanthanide titanium-oxygen clusters(LTOCs)with atomic-level accuracy have gained a lot of interest.In this study,we prepared[Ln_(9)Ti_(2)(μ4-O)(μ3-OH)_(14)(acac)_(17)(CH_(3)O)_(2)(CH_(3)OH)_(3)](Ln=Tb_(x)Eu_(9−x)(x=0,4,6,7,8,9),Hacac=acetylacetone),Tb^(3+)and Eu^(3+)co-doped LTOCs,to modify the optical properties for the luminescence thermometer.In detail,the serial LTOCs display dual characteristic emission peaks of ^(5)D_(4)→^(7)F_(5) for Tb^(3+)and^(5)D_(0)→^(7)F_(2) for Eu^(3+)at 548 and 616 nm,respectively,under 330 nm excitation.Effective energy transfer(ET)between Tb^(3+)ions and Eu^(3+)ions was revealed in terms of both emission spectra and luminescence lifetime.The ^(5)D_(0)→^(7)F_(2) emission intensity of Eu^(3+)ions at 616 nm is maximally enhanced(by a factor of 11.2)with a change in the relative molar ratio of Tb^(3+)to Eu^(3+),along with a change in the ET efficiency of Tb^(3+)→Eu^(3+).In addition,the luminescent color changes from red,orange,yellow,to green.This precise control of the ET process between rare-earth ions allows{Tb_(6)Eu_(3)Ti_(2)}to reach a maximum relative sensitivity of 1.241 K^(−1) at 355 K,which is an enhancement of up to 4.6-fold with respect to the previously reported homonuclear emission,holding great potential in the optical thermometers.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.52475035,52305327)the Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province(Grant No.LMS25E050003)+3 种基金the Open Funds of the State Key Laboratory of Fluid Power&Mechatronic Systems at Zhejiang University(Grant No.GZKF202419)the National Research Foundation(NRF)of the Republic of Korea(Grant No.NRF-2021R1A2C3007817)the Fundamental Research Funds of Zhejiang Sci-Tech University(Grant No.24242115-Y)the Zhejiang Provincial General Scientific Research Projects Fund of China(Grant No.Y202353093)。
文摘Multifunctional responsive actuators have garnered considerable attention for their potential applications in soft robots,wearable devices,smart displays,environmental sensing,and biomimetic systems.Herein,we present a multifunctional color-changing ionic soft actuator that integrates electrical actuation and humidity-induced color-changing functionalities,fabricated using carboxylated cellulose nanofibers,ionic liquids,polyvinyl alcohol,cellulose nanocrystals,and poly(ethylene glycol)diacrylate.The electro-humidity responsive actuator exhibited remarkable actuation performance,including a maximum tip displacement(10.2 mm),low driving voltage(as low as 1.0 V),high operational stability(95.2%reliability after 2000 actuation cycles),broad working frequency range(0.2–3.0 Hz),and exceptional tolerance to humid environments(90%relative humidity).In addition,the actuator showcased reversible and integrated color-changing capabilities.These features enabled the design of innovative devices,such as biomimetic flowers and smart color-changing windows with tunable optical properties.Consequently,this multifunctional actuator provides a promising platform for applications in soft robots,optical anti-counterfeiting systems,information storage materials,and intelligent home technologies.
基金supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea(NRF)grant funded by the Korean government(MSIT)(2022R1A2B5B02001422).
文摘Modified carbon dots with resazurin(R-CD)were prepared using a hydrothermal method to fabricate a CNF-based pH-responsive indicator for real-time food freshness monitoring.FE-SEM and FTIR results confirmed that the R-CD was uniformly distributed in the CNF matrix.The thermal stability of the CNF/R-CD indicator film was increased,and the water contact angle of the film was slightly lower than that of the neat CNF film.The CNF/R-CD film showed excellent UV-barrier properties,with~98.3%and 87.7%blocking the UV-B and UV-A light.The indicator film showed excellent color stability even after 2 months of storage at 25℃ and responded rapidly to alkaline pH and NH3 through a color change from yellow to brownish-red.The CNF/R-CD indicator films exhibited distinct color changes during shrimp packaging depending on pH and TVB-N concentration.Therefore,the CNF/R-CD indicator can be used as a promising pH-sensitive color-changing intelligent packaging application for freshness monitoring.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(grant No.22075252)the Key Program for International S&T Innovation Cooperation Projects of China(project No.2022YFE0125900).
文摘In order to expand the color-change range and make the discoloration temperature suitable for the daily textiles,a new formulation of mixed-colorants thermochromic core material is designed,in which crystal violet lactone(CVL)is the basic color former,bisphenol A(BPA)is the developer,especially the solvent-based dye and dodecyl dedecanoate are used as the extended dye and the solvent,respectively.Scanning electron microscope(SEM),differential scanning calorimeter(DSC)and thermogravimetric analyzer(TGA)were applied to study the morphology,encapsulation rate,non-isothermal crystallization behavior and thermal stability of the mixed-colorant thermochromic microcapsules(MCTMs)prepared by in-situ polymerization.The results show that MCTMs have good sphericity,uniform particle size,good thermal stability and the encapsulation rate can reach 86.73%.Under the non-isothermal conditions,the encapsulation of formaldehyde-melamine resin wall material can slightly reduce the crystallization rate of the solvent,but does not affect the relative crystallinity,thermal properties and discoloration sensitivity of the core materials.With the variety of ambient temperatures in the range of 20–35℃,the printed cotton fabrics with MCTMs could change color reversibly between different tones with good reliability and durability,and exhibit more gorgeous colors than the common thermochromic materials.
