New Zealand (NZ) young rabbits with the administration of insulin-like growth factor (IGF-1) and transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) with and without mandibular anterior repositioning appliances are explored for th...New Zealand (NZ) young rabbits with the administration of insulin-like growth factor (IGF-1) and transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) with and without mandibular anterior repositioning appliances are explored for the growth of the mandibular condylar cartilage (MCC). 32 growing NZ and rabbits were divided into 4 groups: the group with saline injection in TMJ, the group which received growth factor injection in TMJ, the group which received anterior positioning appliance and the group which received growth factors injection as well as mandibular repositioning appliance. Gene expression was studied by real-time RT-PCR and cartilage growth by histomorphometry. Administration of growth factors along with mandibular repositioning appliances has induced 1) 1.70-fold expression of Col-2Agene (p value < 0.0005) and 2) 1.47-fold expression of Col-10Agene (p value < 0.0005). In contrast, administration of only mandibular repositioning appliances induced 1) 1.28-fold expression of Col-2Agene (p value < 0.0005) and 2) merely 0.62-fold expression of Col-10Agene (p value < 0.0005), while administration of growth factors only induced 1) mere 0.56-fold expression of Col-2Agene (p value 10A gene (p value growth factors along with mandibular repositioning appliances causes an increase in genetic expressions which have been corroborated by histomorphometry and validated by statistical analysis, during an accelerated growth of mandibular condylar cartilage. Administration of growth factors in the TMJ could provide a synergistic role along with mandibular repositioning appliances for treatment of mandibular retrognathism as well as disorders on the MCC.展开更多
AIM:To investigate the distribution and neurochemical phenotype of endomorphin-2(EM-2)-containing neurons in the submucosal plexus of the rat colon.METHODS:The mid-colons between the right and left flexures were remov...AIM:To investigate the distribution and neurochemical phenotype of endomorphin-2(EM-2)-containing neurons in the submucosal plexus of the rat colon.METHODS:The mid-colons between the right and left flexures were removed from rats,and transferred into Kreb's solution. For whole-mount preparations,the mucosal,outer longitudinal muscle and inner circularmuscle layers of the tissues were separated from the submucosal layer attached to the submucosal plexus. The whole-mount preparations from each rat mid-colon were mounted onto seven gelatin-coated glass slides,and processed for immunofluorescence histochemical double-staining of EM-2 with calcitonin gene-related peptide(CGRP),choline acetyltransferase(Ch AT),nitric oxide synthetase(NOS),neuron-specific enolase(NSE),substance P(SP) and vasoactive intestinal peptide(VIP). After staining,all the fluorescence-labeled sections were observed with a confocal laser scanning microscope. To estimate the extent of the co-localization of EM-2 with CGRP,Ch AT,NOS,NSE,SP and VIP,ganglia,which have a clear boundary and neuronal cell outline,were randomly selected from each specimen for this analysis. RESULTS:In the submucosal plexus of the mid-colon,many EM-2-immunoreactive(IR) and NSE-IR neuronal cell bodies were found in the submucosal plexus of the rat mid-colon. Approximately 6 ± 4.2 EM-2-IR neurons aggregated within each ganglion and a few EM-2-IR neurons were also found outside the ganglia. The EM-2-IR neurons were also immunopositive for Ch AT,SP,VIP or NOS. EM-2-IR nerve fibers coursed near Ch AT-IR neurons,and some of these fibers were even distributed around Ch AT-IR neuronal cell bodies. Some EM-2-IR neuronal cell bodies were surrounded by SP-IR nerve fibers,but many long processes connecting adjacent ganglia were negative for EM-2 immunostaining. Long VIP-IR processes with many branches coursed through the ganglia and surrounded the EM-2-IR neurons. The percentages of the EM-2-IR neurons that were also positive for Ch AT,SP,VIP or NOS were approximately 91% ± 2.6%,36% ± 2.4%,44% ± 2.5% and 44% ± 4.7%,respectively,but EM-2 did not co-localize with CGRP. CONCLUSION:EM-2-IR neurons are present in the submucosal plexus of the rat colon and express distinct neurochemical markers.展开更多
目的:用含壳聚糖(chitosan,CS)、Ⅰ型胶原蛋白和重组人骨形态发生蛋白2(recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2,rhBMP-2)的培养液体外培养成骨细胞MC3T3-E1,评价3种因素对成骨细胞增殖及分化的影响。方法:实验分为4组,实验组A...目的:用含壳聚糖(chitosan,CS)、Ⅰ型胶原蛋白和重组人骨形态发生蛋白2(recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2,rhBMP-2)的培养液体外培养成骨细胞MC3T3-E1,评价3种因素对成骨细胞增殖及分化的影响。方法:实验分为4组,实验组A:CSα-MEM培养基;实验组B:CS+Ⅰ型胶原蛋白溶液的α-MEM培养基;实验组C:CS+Ⅰ型胶原蛋白溶液+rhBMP-2溶液的α-MEM培养基。对照组为含1%FBS的α-MEM培养基。采用MTT法检测加入处理因素后1、3、5、7 d的吸光度(OD)值,并绘制细胞生长曲线,观察成骨细胞的增殖情况。采用碱性磷酸酶活性测定、碱性磷酸酶染色和茜素红钙结节染色观察成骨细胞的分化作用:检测加入处理因素后1、3、5、7 d的碱性磷酸酶活性,并在细胞培养的第7天进行碱性磷酸酶染色,第14天进行茜素红钙结节染色。采用SPSS13.0软件包对所得数据进行单因素方差分析,2组之间比较采用Post Hoc检验。结果:MTT检测结果显示,实验组C的OD值高于其他组,实验组C与其他组间的两两比较具有显著差异(P<0.05)。碱性磷酸酶活性测定结果显示,实验组C的活性高于其他组,实验组C与实验组A、对照组间两两比较具有显著差异(P<0.05),与实验组B两两比较无显著差异(P>0.05)。茜素红染色和碱性磷酸酶染色结果显示,实验组C可见更多的钙盐沉积,且蓝染颗粒多于其他组。结论:壳聚糖、Ⅰ型胶原蛋白和rhBMP-2共同作用,更能促进成骨细胞的增殖与分化。展开更多
文摘New Zealand (NZ) young rabbits with the administration of insulin-like growth factor (IGF-1) and transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) with and without mandibular anterior repositioning appliances are explored for the growth of the mandibular condylar cartilage (MCC). 32 growing NZ and rabbits were divided into 4 groups: the group with saline injection in TMJ, the group which received growth factor injection in TMJ, the group which received anterior positioning appliance and the group which received growth factors injection as well as mandibular repositioning appliance. Gene expression was studied by real-time RT-PCR and cartilage growth by histomorphometry. Administration of growth factors along with mandibular repositioning appliances has induced 1) 1.70-fold expression of Col-2Agene (p value < 0.0005) and 2) 1.47-fold expression of Col-10Agene (p value < 0.0005). In contrast, administration of only mandibular repositioning appliances induced 1) 1.28-fold expression of Col-2Agene (p value < 0.0005) and 2) merely 0.62-fold expression of Col-10Agene (p value < 0.0005), while administration of growth factors only induced 1) mere 0.56-fold expression of Col-2Agene (p value 10A gene (p value growth factors along with mandibular repositioning appliances causes an increase in genetic expressions which have been corroborated by histomorphometry and validated by statistical analysis, during an accelerated growth of mandibular condylar cartilage. Administration of growth factors in the TMJ could provide a synergistic role along with mandibular repositioning appliances for treatment of mandibular retrognathism as well as disorders on the MCC.
基金Supported by Grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.30971123 and No.81371239
文摘AIM:To investigate the distribution and neurochemical phenotype of endomorphin-2(EM-2)-containing neurons in the submucosal plexus of the rat colon.METHODS:The mid-colons between the right and left flexures were removed from rats,and transferred into Kreb's solution. For whole-mount preparations,the mucosal,outer longitudinal muscle and inner circularmuscle layers of the tissues were separated from the submucosal layer attached to the submucosal plexus. The whole-mount preparations from each rat mid-colon were mounted onto seven gelatin-coated glass slides,and processed for immunofluorescence histochemical double-staining of EM-2 with calcitonin gene-related peptide(CGRP),choline acetyltransferase(Ch AT),nitric oxide synthetase(NOS),neuron-specific enolase(NSE),substance P(SP) and vasoactive intestinal peptide(VIP). After staining,all the fluorescence-labeled sections were observed with a confocal laser scanning microscope. To estimate the extent of the co-localization of EM-2 with CGRP,Ch AT,NOS,NSE,SP and VIP,ganglia,which have a clear boundary and neuronal cell outline,were randomly selected from each specimen for this analysis. RESULTS:In the submucosal plexus of the mid-colon,many EM-2-immunoreactive(IR) and NSE-IR neuronal cell bodies were found in the submucosal plexus of the rat mid-colon. Approximately 6 ± 4.2 EM-2-IR neurons aggregated within each ganglion and a few EM-2-IR neurons were also found outside the ganglia. The EM-2-IR neurons were also immunopositive for Ch AT,SP,VIP or NOS. EM-2-IR nerve fibers coursed near Ch AT-IR neurons,and some of these fibers were even distributed around Ch AT-IR neuronal cell bodies. Some EM-2-IR neuronal cell bodies were surrounded by SP-IR nerve fibers,but many long processes connecting adjacent ganglia were negative for EM-2 immunostaining. Long VIP-IR processes with many branches coursed through the ganglia and surrounded the EM-2-IR neurons. The percentages of the EM-2-IR neurons that were also positive for Ch AT,SP,VIP or NOS were approximately 91% ± 2.6%,36% ± 2.4%,44% ± 2.5% and 44% ± 4.7%,respectively,but EM-2 did not co-localize with CGRP. CONCLUSION:EM-2-IR neurons are present in the submucosal plexus of the rat colon and express distinct neurochemical markers.
文摘目的:用含壳聚糖(chitosan,CS)、Ⅰ型胶原蛋白和重组人骨形态发生蛋白2(recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2,rhBMP-2)的培养液体外培养成骨细胞MC3T3-E1,评价3种因素对成骨细胞增殖及分化的影响。方法:实验分为4组,实验组A:CSα-MEM培养基;实验组B:CS+Ⅰ型胶原蛋白溶液的α-MEM培养基;实验组C:CS+Ⅰ型胶原蛋白溶液+rhBMP-2溶液的α-MEM培养基。对照组为含1%FBS的α-MEM培养基。采用MTT法检测加入处理因素后1、3、5、7 d的吸光度(OD)值,并绘制细胞生长曲线,观察成骨细胞的增殖情况。采用碱性磷酸酶活性测定、碱性磷酸酶染色和茜素红钙结节染色观察成骨细胞的分化作用:检测加入处理因素后1、3、5、7 d的碱性磷酸酶活性,并在细胞培养的第7天进行碱性磷酸酶染色,第14天进行茜素红钙结节染色。采用SPSS13.0软件包对所得数据进行单因素方差分析,2组之间比较采用Post Hoc检验。结果:MTT检测结果显示,实验组C的OD值高于其他组,实验组C与其他组间的两两比较具有显著差异(P<0.05)。碱性磷酸酶活性测定结果显示,实验组C的活性高于其他组,实验组C与实验组A、对照组间两两比较具有显著差异(P<0.05),与实验组B两两比较无显著差异(P>0.05)。茜素红染色和碱性磷酸酶染色结果显示,实验组C可见更多的钙盐沉积,且蓝染颗粒多于其他组。结论:壳聚糖、Ⅰ型胶原蛋白和rhBMP-2共同作用,更能促进成骨细胞的增殖与分化。
