How does psychological distress evolve over time?This study utilizes cross-sectional data from the China General Social Survey from 2010 to 2017 to explore the differences in psychological distress among Chinese resid...How does psychological distress evolve over time?This study utilizes cross-sectional data from the China General Social Survey from 2010 to 2017 to explore the differences in psychological distress among Chinese residents at various ages,periods,and cohorts.The dummy variable method and random effects hierarchical age-period-cohort model were employed to isolate the age,period,and cohort effects that impacted the psychological distress of Chinese urban residents.First,in terms of the age effect,the psychological distress experienced by residents tends to increase initially and then decrease with age.Middle-aged individuals,around 40 years old,often face a particularly severe form of psychological distress known as the“midlife crisis.”Additionally,middle-aged people who have larger families may experience more significant psychological distress due to increased family burdens.Second,in terms of the period effect,the psychological distress experienced by residents has been on the rise due to the continued development of society.Those who are at a disadvantage in market competition and work longer hours may be particularly vulnerable to increased psychological distress.Thirdly,the cohort effect refers to the different social behaviors and attitudes exhibited by individuals of different generations.In terms of this effect,psychological distress initially decreased and then increased among those born between 1945 and 1990.Individuals born in the 1980s and 1990s experienced higher levels of psychological distress,with internet use having a greater negative impact.Additionally,the positive effect of income on their psychological distress was reduced.The psychological distress of Chinese urban residents is affected by a variety of time-related factors,which are closely related to Chinese clan culture,market competition and social changes.The heavy family burden imposed by traditional clan culture,the different working conditions created by market competition,and the emergence of new lifestyles,such as internet use during social changes,have led to diverse psychological distress experiences among residents across different ages,time periods,and cohorts.In the future,longitudinal studies are needed to strengthen the robustness of the conclusions and consider the long-term impact of the COVID-19 pandemic.Mental health support should pay specific attention to the psychological distress of middle-aged individuals,long-time workers,and internet users.展开更多
The lack of subjective awareness of national identity among young people is a common phenomenon in all countries.In this paper,we investigate the role of cohort effect in the formation of national identity among colle...The lack of subjective awareness of national identity among young people is a common phenomenon in all countries.In this paper,we investigate the role of cohort effect in the formation of national identity among college students based on the theory of cohort effect.The results of the empirical study show that at the current stage,the formation of national identity within the group of Chinese college students mainly relies on the herding mechanism,followed by the competition mechanism and then the learning mechanism.展开更多
目的 探讨中老年人群无牙颌与社会隔离发生风险的关联,为制定针对中老年无牙颌群体的社会隔离防治政策提供实证依据。方法 研究资料来源于中国健康与养老追踪调查(China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study,CHARLS)2011年基线数...目的 探讨中老年人群无牙颌与社会隔离发生风险的关联,为制定针对中老年无牙颌群体的社会隔离防治政策提供实证依据。方法 研究资料来源于中国健康与养老追踪调查(China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study,CHARLS)2011年基线数据以及2013年、2015年和2018年3次随访数据。研究对象自基线进入随访,若在2013、2015或2018年任一次随访中被判定为社会隔离则视为到达终点;否则随访至2018年调查截止,最终纳入9 870名研究对象。根据无牙颌情况对研究对象进行分组。采用Stata17.0统计软件进行χ2检验和多因素Cox回归分析。结果 截至随访截止,9 870名研究对象中位随访时间为6.54年,社会隔离出现1 800例,发生率为18.23%(17.47%~18.99%)。多因素Cox回归分析结果显示,调整混杂因素后,中老年无牙颌人群与社会隔离发生风险增加显著相关(HR=1.21,95%CI:1.03-1.42)。亚组分析揭示这一关联存在人群异质性,饮酒显示出效应修饰作用。敏感性分析结果显示本研究结果具有一定的稳定性。结论 无牙颌会增加中老年人发生社会隔离的风险。展开更多
基金funded by China Studies Program and the program number is 21HTS02.
文摘How does psychological distress evolve over time?This study utilizes cross-sectional data from the China General Social Survey from 2010 to 2017 to explore the differences in psychological distress among Chinese residents at various ages,periods,and cohorts.The dummy variable method and random effects hierarchical age-period-cohort model were employed to isolate the age,period,and cohort effects that impacted the psychological distress of Chinese urban residents.First,in terms of the age effect,the psychological distress experienced by residents tends to increase initially and then decrease with age.Middle-aged individuals,around 40 years old,often face a particularly severe form of psychological distress known as the“midlife crisis.”Additionally,middle-aged people who have larger families may experience more significant psychological distress due to increased family burdens.Second,in terms of the period effect,the psychological distress experienced by residents has been on the rise due to the continued development of society.Those who are at a disadvantage in market competition and work longer hours may be particularly vulnerable to increased psychological distress.Thirdly,the cohort effect refers to the different social behaviors and attitudes exhibited by individuals of different generations.In terms of this effect,psychological distress initially decreased and then increased among those born between 1945 and 1990.Individuals born in the 1980s and 1990s experienced higher levels of psychological distress,with internet use having a greater negative impact.Additionally,the positive effect of income on their psychological distress was reduced.The psychological distress of Chinese urban residents is affected by a variety of time-related factors,which are closely related to Chinese clan culture,market competition and social changes.The heavy family burden imposed by traditional clan culture,the different working conditions created by market competition,and the emergence of new lifestyles,such as internet use during social changes,have led to diverse psychological distress experiences among residents across different ages,time periods,and cohorts.In the future,longitudinal studies are needed to strengthen the robustness of the conclusions and consider the long-term impact of the COVID-19 pandemic.Mental health support should pay specific attention to the psychological distress of middle-aged individuals,long-time workers,and internet users.
文摘The lack of subjective awareness of national identity among young people is a common phenomenon in all countries.In this paper,we investigate the role of cohort effect in the formation of national identity among college students based on the theory of cohort effect.The results of the empirical study show that at the current stage,the formation of national identity within the group of Chinese college students mainly relies on the herding mechanism,followed by the competition mechanism and then the learning mechanism.
