Vasovagal syncope and unexplained syncope are the most commonly observed types of syncope in outpatient and hospital settings. Medical interventions usually target at the physiological mechanisms responsible for loss ...Vasovagal syncope and unexplained syncope are the most commonly observed types of syncope in outpatient and hospital settings. Medical interventions usually target at the physiological mechanisms responsible for loss of consciousness in an attempt to limit the frequency of recurrences. However, this type of intervention does not take into account the psychological and functional impact of syncope, nor the importance of psychological variables in triggering and maintaining syncope. In the present pilot study, four participants presenting significant psychological distress and recurrent syncope were treated using a multimodal intervention targeting at both the medical and psychological aspects of the problem. Results showed a significant reduction in the frequency of syncope/presyncope, in the level of emotional distress experienced, as well as improved functional status in three of the four participants. Several recommendations are made to medical practitioners and psychologists, in view of identifying patients likely to benefit from this type of intervention or components thereof.展开更多
Artificial Intelligence(AI)has been applied in various fields such as healthcare for diagnosing diseases.ChatGPT-4o,a generative AI chatbot powered by a Large Language Model(LLM)with improved real-time voice,represent...Artificial Intelligence(AI)has been applied in various fields such as healthcare for diagnosing diseases.ChatGPT-4o,a generative AI chatbot powered by a Large Language Model(LLM)with improved real-time voice,represented a significant step forward in interactive communication.This study applied the framework of the unified theory of acceptance and use of technol ogy to investigate university students’experiences and percept ion of using ChatGPT-4o as a therapist,exploring ChatGPT-4o’s therapeutic potential.The research findings suggested that ChatGPT-4o,with its authentic human voice interaction,could create a natural and engaging conversation,offering affordable and con venient mental health support especially when human therapists were not available.Moreover,participants valued its non-judgmental space for easier emotional expression and practical multi-faceted advice.However,findings also reported that AI may fall s hort compared to human therapists in the lack of emotional depth and empathy.This study filled the literature gap through its focus on university students’experiences and perceptions of Ch atGPT-4o as a primary therapist with real-time voice interaction,an area that had not been thoroughly explored in previous studies on AI tools in therapy.Meanwhile,it further helped to provide valuable perspectives on how AI could enhance emotional well-being by providing adaptable,readily available support.展开更多
This study explored the use of multi-physiological signals and simultaneously recorded high-density electroencephalography(EEG),electrocardiogram(ECG),and eye movements to better understand pilots’cognitive behaviour...This study explored the use of multi-physiological signals and simultaneously recorded high-density electroencephalography(EEG),electrocardiogram(ECG),and eye movements to better understand pilots’cognitive behaviour during flight simulator manoeuvres.Multimodal physiological signals were collected from 12 experienced pilots with international aviation qualifications under the wide-angle and impressive vision simulation.The data collection spanned two flight strike missions,each with three mission intensities,resulting in a data set of EEG,ECG,and eye movement signals from six subtasks.The multimodal data were analysed using signal processing methods.The results indicated that,when the flight missions were performed,the pilots’physiological characteristics exhibited rhythmic changes in the power spectrum ofθwaves in the EEG,r-MSSD in the ECG,and average gaze duration.Furthermore,the pilots’physiological signals were more sensitive during the target mission than during the empty target mission.The results also showed correlations between different physiological characteristics.We showed that specific multimodal features are useful for advancing neuroscience research into pilots’cognitive behaviour and processes related to brain activity,psychological rhythms,and eye movement.展开更多
This study aimed at gaining an understanding of the formation of residents' Environmental Conservation Behaviour(ECB) to promote sustainable tourism development in Chinese mountain areas. In particular, a theoreti...This study aimed at gaining an understanding of the formation of residents' Environmental Conservation Behaviour(ECB) to promote sustainable tourism development in Chinese mountain areas. In particular, a theoretical framework was constructed by merging residents' mountain attachment and their environmental values,and awareness of environmental consequences based on the Cognition Behaviour Theory. This research sampled 642 residents with convenience sampling method in Jiuzhaigou and Mount Qingcheng, and structural equation modelling analysis was conducted to identify the relationships among the above variables. Results verified that mountain attachment affected people's awareness of environmental consequences, which then affected their ECB.Environmental values and mountain attachment directly and positively influenced ECB. Moreover,awareness of environmental consequences played the most prominent role in predicting ECB among all the predictors in this study. In all, this study derived several significant implications which can not only contribute to environmental management policies in tourism field but also help to improve the levels of the antecedents of residents' ECB and promote sustainable tourism development in Chinese mountain areas.展开更多
Meningitis is a possible complication of pneumococcal infection concerning acute otitis media and sinusitis.It might compromise cognitive function,both for the infection itself and the vascular events that sometimes f...Meningitis is a possible complication of pneumococcal infection concerning acute otitis media and sinusitis.It might compromise cognitive function,both for the infection itself and the vascular events that sometimes follow the acute phase.CASE SUMMARY Here we describe the case of a 32-year-old female patient admitted to the emergency room due to extensive pneumococcal meningitis as a consequence of sinus outbreak.She presented with extensive laminar ischemic damage in the acute phase,resulting in severe cognitive and behavioural impairment.Four years of follow-up,through neuropsychological assessments and neuroradiological investigations,demonstrated the presence of subsequent vascular events,3 months and 2 years after onset.CONCLUSION The case is discussed in light of scientific knowledge of the long-term outcomes of this pathology in order to potentially improve diagnosis and promote better outcomes.展开更多
Background Rauvolfa vomitoria(R.vomitoria)is a plant of economic importance due to its diverse ethnomedicinal properties,including the anticonvulsant efect.In this study,we studied the antiseizure and neuroprotective ...Background Rauvolfa vomitoria(R.vomitoria)is a plant of economic importance due to its diverse ethnomedicinal properties,including the anticonvulsant efect.In this study,we studied the antiseizure and neuroprotective potentials of R.vomitoria extracts against pentylenetetrazol(PTZ)-induced kindling.Methods Twenty-fve adult Swiss mice(25-30 g)were assigned to fve groups(n=5):control group,PTZ treatment group,and PTZ treatment after receiving oral R.vomitoria crude extract(100 mg/kg),R.vomitoria phenol extract(50 mg/kg)or sodium valproate(15 mg/kg)every 48 h for 28 days.Seizure scores,cognitive behavioral tests including novel object test,Y-maze test,and the elevated plus maze test,as well as brain neurochemicals and histomorphology studies,were performed.Results Compared with the control group,the PTZ group showed comparable body weight and durations in closed and open arms(P>0.05),but preference for familiar objects,signifcant(P<0.05)spontaneous alternation,increased monoamine oxidase activity and nitric oxide level,and Nissl chromatolysis in the temporal lobe structures including the cortex,hippocampus,and amygdala.R.vomitoria phenol extract pretreatment signifcantly(P<0.05)reduced seizures,prevented adverse cognitive behaviors,decreased the nitric oxide level,and reduced the temporal lobe Nissl chromatolysis compared with the R.vomitoria crude extract pretreatment group and the sodium valproate pretreatment groups.Conclusions Thus,R.vomitoria phenol extract showed promising results against seizures and potential for general brain protection,suggesting that the anticonvulsant property of R.vomitoria may be attributed to its phenol constituent.More studies are needed to delineate the mechanisms of its action.展开更多
文摘Vasovagal syncope and unexplained syncope are the most commonly observed types of syncope in outpatient and hospital settings. Medical interventions usually target at the physiological mechanisms responsible for loss of consciousness in an attempt to limit the frequency of recurrences. However, this type of intervention does not take into account the psychological and functional impact of syncope, nor the importance of psychological variables in triggering and maintaining syncope. In the present pilot study, four participants presenting significant psychological distress and recurrent syncope were treated using a multimodal intervention targeting at both the medical and psychological aspects of the problem. Results showed a significant reduction in the frequency of syncope/presyncope, in the level of emotional distress experienced, as well as improved functional status in three of the four participants. Several recommendations are made to medical practitioners and psychologists, in view of identifying patients likely to benefit from this type of intervention or components thereof.
文摘Artificial Intelligence(AI)has been applied in various fields such as healthcare for diagnosing diseases.ChatGPT-4o,a generative AI chatbot powered by a Large Language Model(LLM)with improved real-time voice,represented a significant step forward in interactive communication.This study applied the framework of the unified theory of acceptance and use of technol ogy to investigate university students’experiences and percept ion of using ChatGPT-4o as a therapist,exploring ChatGPT-4o’s therapeutic potential.The research findings suggested that ChatGPT-4o,with its authentic human voice interaction,could create a natural and engaging conversation,offering affordable and con venient mental health support especially when human therapists were not available.Moreover,participants valued its non-judgmental space for easier emotional expression and practical multi-faceted advice.However,findings also reported that AI may fall s hort compared to human therapists in the lack of emotional depth and empathy.This study filled the literature gap through its focus on university students’experiences and perceptions of Ch atGPT-4o as a primary therapist with real-time voice interaction,an area that had not been thoroughly explored in previous studies on AI tools in therapy.Meanwhile,it further helped to provide valuable perspectives on how AI could enhance emotional well-being by providing adaptable,readily available support.
文摘This study explored the use of multi-physiological signals and simultaneously recorded high-density electroencephalography(EEG),electrocardiogram(ECG),and eye movements to better understand pilots’cognitive behaviour during flight simulator manoeuvres.Multimodal physiological signals were collected from 12 experienced pilots with international aviation qualifications under the wide-angle and impressive vision simulation.The data collection spanned two flight strike missions,each with three mission intensities,resulting in a data set of EEG,ECG,and eye movement signals from six subtasks.The multimodal data were analysed using signal processing methods.The results indicated that,when the flight missions were performed,the pilots’physiological characteristics exhibited rhythmic changes in the power spectrum ofθwaves in the EEG,r-MSSD in the ECG,and average gaze duration.Furthermore,the pilots’physiological signals were more sensitive during the target mission than during the empty target mission.The results also showed correlations between different physiological characteristics.We showed that specific multimodal features are useful for advancing neuroscience research into pilots’cognitive behaviour and processes related to brain activity,psychological rhythms,and eye movement.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.41501147,41661034,41671130)The Scientific Platform and Innovation Capability Construction Program of GDAS(Grant No.2016GDASPT-0210)+1 种基金GDAS'Special Project of Science and Technology Development under Grant(Grant No.2017GDAs CX-080)the Guangdong Provincial Natural Science Foundation(Grant No.2017A030310475)
文摘This study aimed at gaining an understanding of the formation of residents' Environmental Conservation Behaviour(ECB) to promote sustainable tourism development in Chinese mountain areas. In particular, a theoretical framework was constructed by merging residents' mountain attachment and their environmental values,and awareness of environmental consequences based on the Cognition Behaviour Theory. This research sampled 642 residents with convenience sampling method in Jiuzhaigou and Mount Qingcheng, and structural equation modelling analysis was conducted to identify the relationships among the above variables. Results verified that mountain attachment affected people's awareness of environmental consequences, which then affected their ECB.Environmental values and mountain attachment directly and positively influenced ECB. Moreover,awareness of environmental consequences played the most prominent role in predicting ECB among all the predictors in this study. In all, this study derived several significant implications which can not only contribute to environmental management policies in tourism field but also help to improve the levels of the antecedents of residents' ECB and promote sustainable tourism development in Chinese mountain areas.
文摘Meningitis is a possible complication of pneumococcal infection concerning acute otitis media and sinusitis.It might compromise cognitive function,both for the infection itself and the vascular events that sometimes follow the acute phase.CASE SUMMARY Here we describe the case of a 32-year-old female patient admitted to the emergency room due to extensive pneumococcal meningitis as a consequence of sinus outbreak.She presented with extensive laminar ischemic damage in the acute phase,resulting in severe cognitive and behavioural impairment.Four years of follow-up,through neuropsychological assessments and neuroradiological investigations,demonstrated the presence of subsequent vascular events,3 months and 2 years after onset.CONCLUSION The case is discussed in light of scientific knowledge of the long-term outcomes of this pathology in order to potentially improve diagnosis and promote better outcomes.
基金supported in part by the Tertiary Education Trust Fund(TETFund).The International Brain Research Organization(IBRO)Early Career Grant and the International Society for Neurochemistry(ISN)Committee for Aid and Education in Neurochemistry(CAEN)provided the funding for small equipment.
文摘Background Rauvolfa vomitoria(R.vomitoria)is a plant of economic importance due to its diverse ethnomedicinal properties,including the anticonvulsant efect.In this study,we studied the antiseizure and neuroprotective potentials of R.vomitoria extracts against pentylenetetrazol(PTZ)-induced kindling.Methods Twenty-fve adult Swiss mice(25-30 g)were assigned to fve groups(n=5):control group,PTZ treatment group,and PTZ treatment after receiving oral R.vomitoria crude extract(100 mg/kg),R.vomitoria phenol extract(50 mg/kg)or sodium valproate(15 mg/kg)every 48 h for 28 days.Seizure scores,cognitive behavioral tests including novel object test,Y-maze test,and the elevated plus maze test,as well as brain neurochemicals and histomorphology studies,were performed.Results Compared with the control group,the PTZ group showed comparable body weight and durations in closed and open arms(P>0.05),but preference for familiar objects,signifcant(P<0.05)spontaneous alternation,increased monoamine oxidase activity and nitric oxide level,and Nissl chromatolysis in the temporal lobe structures including the cortex,hippocampus,and amygdala.R.vomitoria phenol extract pretreatment signifcantly(P<0.05)reduced seizures,prevented adverse cognitive behaviors,decreased the nitric oxide level,and reduced the temporal lobe Nissl chromatolysis compared with the R.vomitoria crude extract pretreatment group and the sodium valproate pretreatment groups.Conclusions Thus,R.vomitoria phenol extract showed promising results against seizures and potential for general brain protection,suggesting that the anticonvulsant property of R.vomitoria may be attributed to its phenol constituent.More studies are needed to delineate the mechanisms of its action.
