A growing number of studies are now emphasizing the critical importance of learning and knowledge accumulation for firm-level competitiveness. Despite the growing awareness, relatively fewer project-based firms have i...A growing number of studies are now emphasizing the critical importance of learning and knowledge accumulation for firm-level competitiveness. Despite the growing awareness, relatively fewer project-based firms have institutionalized mechanisms to systematically capture new project knowledge and re-use it to improve the execution of subsequent projects. The peculiarity of projects presents unique challenges that make the cognitive approach to learning difficult to implement. As such, researchers are recommending the social constructivist perspective of learning as the most viable strategy for cultivating learning within and across projects. However, scant work has been undertaken from this sociological perspective to analyze how temporary organizations manage knowledge arising from and relating to projects. From this standpoint, the aim of this paper is to discuss the learning mechanisms of construction firms. The study adopted a quantitative strategy by employing a questionnaire survey into the learning practices of construction projects in Ghana. Drawing on preliminary findings from the literature, the study proposes a model for cultivating learning within projects from the social constructivist viewpoint. In the model, project management practitioners can purposefully nurture or structure a project learning activity through four mechanisms <em>viz</em>.: <em>institutionalization, externalization, socialization and internalization</em>. The proposed model is subsequently validated in an empirical study into the learning practices during the implementation of construction projects in Ghana. Based on the empirical results, it seems that knowledge sharing and transfers through the four aforementioned learning mechanisms proposed by the model are highly regarded within project management practice in Ghana.展开更多
The purpose of this research is to explore how the design of buildings and spaces affects our comfort.The study examines how our visual surroundings and emotional responses are connected.The hypothesis is that people...The purpose of this research is to explore how the design of buildings and spaces affects our comfort.The study examines how our visual surroundings and emotional responses are connected.The hypothesis is that people’s emotions are influenced by what they see in the buildings,spaces,and furniture around them.Each personality type may have a unique emotional response to their surroundings.The study has three main goals:to analyze the built environment,to assess psychological well-being,and to conduct neuroscience analysis.The built environment analysis is divided into two groups:architecture design analysis and street view design analysis.The psychological well-being analysis identifies three key factors.The neuroscience analysis shows that rectangular shapes combined with linear ornamentation and calming colors create the most comforting building design.The most comfortable street view includes an abundance of greenery with sun-shading effects.In conclusion,the study confirms that architecture affects our emotions.The factors that contribute to our comfort are stored in our mind and body over time.Our mood and emotional state are influenced by what we see in our surroundings.The questionnaire and experiment results support these conclusions.展开更多
文摘A growing number of studies are now emphasizing the critical importance of learning and knowledge accumulation for firm-level competitiveness. Despite the growing awareness, relatively fewer project-based firms have institutionalized mechanisms to systematically capture new project knowledge and re-use it to improve the execution of subsequent projects. The peculiarity of projects presents unique challenges that make the cognitive approach to learning difficult to implement. As such, researchers are recommending the social constructivist perspective of learning as the most viable strategy for cultivating learning within and across projects. However, scant work has been undertaken from this sociological perspective to analyze how temporary organizations manage knowledge arising from and relating to projects. From this standpoint, the aim of this paper is to discuss the learning mechanisms of construction firms. The study adopted a quantitative strategy by employing a questionnaire survey into the learning practices of construction projects in Ghana. Drawing on preliminary findings from the literature, the study proposes a model for cultivating learning within projects from the social constructivist viewpoint. In the model, project management practitioners can purposefully nurture or structure a project learning activity through four mechanisms <em>viz</em>.: <em>institutionalization, externalization, socialization and internalization</em>. The proposed model is subsequently validated in an empirical study into the learning practices during the implementation of construction projects in Ghana. Based on the empirical results, it seems that knowledge sharing and transfers through the four aforementioned learning mechanisms proposed by the model are highly regarded within project management practice in Ghana.
文摘The purpose of this research is to explore how the design of buildings and spaces affects our comfort.The study examines how our visual surroundings and emotional responses are connected.The hypothesis is that people’s emotions are influenced by what they see in the buildings,spaces,and furniture around them.Each personality type may have a unique emotional response to their surroundings.The study has three main goals:to analyze the built environment,to assess psychological well-being,and to conduct neuroscience analysis.The built environment analysis is divided into two groups:architecture design analysis and street view design analysis.The psychological well-being analysis identifies three key factors.The neuroscience analysis shows that rectangular shapes combined with linear ornamentation and calming colors create the most comforting building design.The most comfortable street view includes an abundance of greenery with sun-shading effects.In conclusion,the study confirms that architecture affects our emotions.The factors that contribute to our comfort are stored in our mind and body over time.Our mood and emotional state are influenced by what we see in our surroundings.The questionnaire and experiment results support these conclusions.
