Objective:This study aimed to examine the influence of behavioral lifestyle factors on recent episodic memory retention capacity among young-old adults(aged 60-69 years)in China.The findings provide scientific evidenc...Objective:This study aimed to examine the influence of behavioral lifestyle factors on recent episodic memory retention capacity among young-old adults(aged 60-69 years)in China.The findings provide scientific evidence to inform proactive strategies to mitigate cognitive decline risk within China’s rapidly aging population.Methods:Utilizing data from the 2022 wave of the China Family Panel Studies(CFPS),a total of 2,772 adults aged 60-69 were included in the analytical sample.Recent episodic memory retention capacity(scored 0-5 points,based on self-reported assessment)served as the dependent variable.Six categories of behavioral lifestyle indicators(including exercise frequency,sleep quality,dietary patterns,etc.)were analyzed as independent variables.Associations were assessed using multivariate ordinal logistic regression models,controlling for relevant covariates.Results:Self-reported potential impairment in recent episodic memory was identified by 47.19%of respondents.Multivariate analysis revealed significant associations between behavioral lifestyle factors and memory retention capacity.Regular exercise(OR=1.297,95%CI:1.118-1.504),meat consumption(OR=1.765,95%CI:1.393-2.237),regular reading habits(OR=1.599,95%CI:1.283-1.992),and internet use(OR=1.413,95%CI:1.217-1.641)emerged as significant protective factors.Abnormal sleep duration was detrimentally associated with retention capacity(too short:OR=0.728,95%CI:0.591-0.897;too long:OR=0.810,95%CI:0.670-0.980).Significant associations were also observed for control variables:urban residence(OR=1.270,95%CI:1.100-1.467),high school education or above(OR=1.543,95%CI:1.293-1.841),and better self-rated health status(OR=1.156,95%CI:1.089-1.227)were positively correlated with better memory retention.Conclusions:Optimal sleep duration,regular physical exercise,meat intake,habitual reading,and internet engagement positively predict self-assessed recent episodic memory retention capacity in Chinese young-old adults.These findings underscore the potential for multi-faceted lifestyle interventions to enhance cog-nitive health in aging populations.Specifically,strategies should encompass community-based sleep hygiene management,tailored nutritional interventions(especially promoting adequate protein sources like meat),enhanced digital literacy and internet accessibility programs,and the promotion of age-appropriate physical activity initiatives.Furthermore,implementing culturally responsive strategies adapted to urban-rural contexts-such as deploying“mobile cognitive health units”in rural areas and fostering digital reading platforms in urban settings-is recommended to optimize intervention effectiveness.展开更多
INTRODUCTION With the expansion of the ageing population,cognitive decline has become an increas-ingly pressing challenge.1 As life expectancy increases,its socioeconomic burden is also increasing,highlighting the urg...INTRODUCTION With the expansion of the ageing population,cognitive decline has become an increas-ingly pressing challenge.1 As life expectancy increases,its socioeconomic burden is also increasing,highlighting the urgent need for effective interventions.Numerous studies suggest that specific dietary patterns and nutritional interventions may help mitigate cognitive decline associated with ageing.展开更多
To analyze the cognitive ability of elderly people assisted by the Family Health Strategy (FHS) in a northeastern Brazilian city, a cross-sectional, analytical study was conducted with 406 elderly assisted by the FHS ...To analyze the cognitive ability of elderly people assisted by the Family Health Strategy (FHS) in a northeastern Brazilian city, a cross-sectional, analytical study was conducted with 406 elderly assisted by the FHS in Mossoro-RN, Brazil, from March to May 2014. The data were collected through two validated questionnaires. For the data analysis, the Alpha Cronbach’s, Kruskal-Wallis test, chi-square and Pearson correlation statistical tests were applied. There was a predominance of women (67.98%) in the survey. Among the respondents, 50% had an index of up to 27 points in Pfeffer Instrument, identifying greater degree of dependence in performing instrumental daily activities related to mobility in the community (39.7%) and financial management (57.1%). On Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), 75% of seniors had an index above 27 points, with the scores classification as standard (50.99%), mild (25.12%), moderate (22.66%) and severe (1.23%). Although changes have been identified in cognitive performance and independence of elderly people in some areas, these difficulties do not completely affect the lives and daily activities of the elderly.展开更多
Language changes are among the earliest indicators of cognitive decline in aging.Perplexity,a linguistic measure derived from information theory that quantifies speech predictability,has emerged as a potential marker ...Language changes are among the earliest indicators of cognitive decline in aging.Perplexity,a linguistic measure derived from information theory that quantifies speech predictability,has emerged as a potential marker for detecting early cognitive changes.However,its underlying neural substrates remain unclear.This study investigated the structural brain correlates of perplexity in 38 elderly participants(26 cognitively healthy,12 with mild cognitive impairment)using magnetic resonance imaging(MRI).Perplexity was computed automatically from autobiographical interviews using single-word(1-g)and word-pair(2-g)models.Voxel-based morphometry analyses,adjusted for total intracranial volume,sex,and education,revealed distinct associations between perplexity measures and regional gray matter volume.Region-of-interest analyses confirmed significant positive correlations between 1-g perplexity and left middle temporal gyrus volume as well as between 2-g perplexity and left precuneus.These findings suggest that perplexity reflects both linguistic processing and autobiographical memory,as evidenced by its associations with language-relevant temporal regions and memory-related precuneus.This study provides initial insights into the neural basis of perplexity as a measure that captures both linguistic and content-related aspects of language production in cognitive aging.展开更多
Most studies on cognitive aging have been conducted in high-income countries(mainly on Western populations).The main aim of this study was to compare the relative importance of predictors of episodic and semantic memo...Most studies on cognitive aging have been conducted in high-income countries(mainly on Western populations).The main aim of this study was to compare the relative importance of predictors of episodic and semantic memory performance in older people(≥60 years)from Bangladesh(n=400)and Sweden(n=1,098).Hierarchical regression models were used in order to study the importance of some commonly used predictors in the two countries.A main finding was that variations in age did not have much impact on episodic and semantic memory performance in Bangladesh.Instead,sex was a strong predictor for semantic memory performance.In Sweden this pattern was reversed.In the Western world,chronological age is believed to be strongly associated with memory performance in cross-sectional studies,particularly in people greater than 60 years of age.This study indicates that the difference between the two countries(in relative importance of the predictors included in this study)is mainly due to the fact that years of education is connected to age in the Western world but to sex in Bangladesh.It remains to be examined whether earlier selective survival is also responsible for the relative absence of cognitive age differences in Bangladesh.展开更多
This study explores age-related differences in metaphor usage among L2 English users through a semiotic lens,analyzing word association data from two age groups of Chinese English teachers:younger(30–40 years,N=30)an...This study explores age-related differences in metaphor usage among L2 English users through a semiotic lens,analyzing word association data from two age groups of Chinese English teachers:younger(30–40 years,N=30)and older(61–70 years,N=27).Integrating Peirce’s semiotic framework(1931/1958.The collected pa-pers of Charles Sanders Peirce.Cambridge:Harvard University Press,Volume I:145;Volume IV:447)and Conceptual Metaphor Theory(Lakoff and Johnson 1980.The metaphorical structure of the human conceptual system.Cognitive Science 4.195–208),we examine structural,orientational,and ontological metaphors to identify age-specific patterns.Results reveal that older participants employed more onto-logical metaphors,while younger counterparts favored structural metaphors.Se-miotic analysis suggests that older L2 users’enriched bilingual experience enhances interpretant generation,facilitating superior metaphor processing.These findings provide novel semiotic insights into bilingual cognitive aging,highlighting the interplay between linguistic experience and metaphor production across age groups.展开更多
文摘Objective:This study aimed to examine the influence of behavioral lifestyle factors on recent episodic memory retention capacity among young-old adults(aged 60-69 years)in China.The findings provide scientific evidence to inform proactive strategies to mitigate cognitive decline risk within China’s rapidly aging population.Methods:Utilizing data from the 2022 wave of the China Family Panel Studies(CFPS),a total of 2,772 adults aged 60-69 were included in the analytical sample.Recent episodic memory retention capacity(scored 0-5 points,based on self-reported assessment)served as the dependent variable.Six categories of behavioral lifestyle indicators(including exercise frequency,sleep quality,dietary patterns,etc.)were analyzed as independent variables.Associations were assessed using multivariate ordinal logistic regression models,controlling for relevant covariates.Results:Self-reported potential impairment in recent episodic memory was identified by 47.19%of respondents.Multivariate analysis revealed significant associations between behavioral lifestyle factors and memory retention capacity.Regular exercise(OR=1.297,95%CI:1.118-1.504),meat consumption(OR=1.765,95%CI:1.393-2.237),regular reading habits(OR=1.599,95%CI:1.283-1.992),and internet use(OR=1.413,95%CI:1.217-1.641)emerged as significant protective factors.Abnormal sleep duration was detrimentally associated with retention capacity(too short:OR=0.728,95%CI:0.591-0.897;too long:OR=0.810,95%CI:0.670-0.980).Significant associations were also observed for control variables:urban residence(OR=1.270,95%CI:1.100-1.467),high school education or above(OR=1.543,95%CI:1.293-1.841),and better self-rated health status(OR=1.156,95%CI:1.089-1.227)were positively correlated with better memory retention.Conclusions:Optimal sleep duration,regular physical exercise,meat intake,habitual reading,and internet engagement positively predict self-assessed recent episodic memory retention capacity in Chinese young-old adults.These findings underscore the potential for multi-faceted lifestyle interventions to enhance cog-nitive health in aging populations.Specifically,strategies should encompass community-based sleep hygiene management,tailored nutritional interventions(especially promoting adequate protein sources like meat),enhanced digital literacy and internet accessibility programs,and the promotion of age-appropriate physical activity initiatives.Furthermore,implementing culturally responsive strategies adapted to urban-rural contexts-such as deploying“mobile cognitive health units”in rural areas and fostering digital reading platforms in urban settings-is recommended to optimize intervention effectiveness.
基金supported by the Shandong Second Medical University Overseas Visiting Scholar Programthe National Medical Research Council of Singapore (grant numbers NMRC/TA/0053/2016 and NMRC/CSA/INV/0009/2022)
文摘INTRODUCTION With the expansion of the ageing population,cognitive decline has become an increas-ingly pressing challenge.1 As life expectancy increases,its socioeconomic burden is also increasing,highlighting the urgent need for effective interventions.Numerous studies suggest that specific dietary patterns and nutritional interventions may help mitigate cognitive decline associated with ageing.
文摘To analyze the cognitive ability of elderly people assisted by the Family Health Strategy (FHS) in a northeastern Brazilian city, a cross-sectional, analytical study was conducted with 406 elderly assisted by the FHS in Mossoro-RN, Brazil, from March to May 2014. The data were collected through two validated questionnaires. For the data analysis, the Alpha Cronbach’s, Kruskal-Wallis test, chi-square and Pearson correlation statistical tests were applied. There was a predominance of women (67.98%) in the survey. Among the respondents, 50% had an index of up to 27 points in Pfeffer Instrument, identifying greater degree of dependence in performing instrumental daily activities related to mobility in the community (39.7%) and financial management (57.1%). On Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), 75% of seniors had an index above 27 points, with the scores classification as standard (50.99%), mild (25.12%), moderate (22.66%) and severe (1.23%). Although changes have been identified in cognitive performance and independence of elderly people in some areas, these difficulties do not completely affect the lives and daily activities of the elderly.
基金funded by the Natural Science Foundation of China(82071501)and the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft(SCHR 471/5_1 and SCHU 2452/11_1).
文摘Language changes are among the earliest indicators of cognitive decline in aging.Perplexity,a linguistic measure derived from information theory that quantifies speech predictability,has emerged as a potential marker for detecting early cognitive changes.However,its underlying neural substrates remain unclear.This study investigated the structural brain correlates of perplexity in 38 elderly participants(26 cognitively healthy,12 with mild cognitive impairment)using magnetic resonance imaging(MRI).Perplexity was computed automatically from autobiographical interviews using single-word(1-g)and word-pair(2-g)models.Voxel-based morphometry analyses,adjusted for total intracranial volume,sex,and education,revealed distinct associations between perplexity measures and regional gray matter volume.Region-of-interest analyses confirmed significant positive correlations between 1-g perplexity and left middle temporal gyrus volume as well as between 2-g perplexity and left precuneus.These findings suggest that perplexity reflects both linguistic processing and autobiographical memory,as evidenced by its associations with language-relevant temporal regions and memory-related precuneus.This study provides initial insights into the neural basis of perplexity as a measure that captures both linguistic and content-related aspects of language production in cognitive aging.
基金supported by the Bank of Sweden Tercentenary Foundation(1988-0082:17)Swedish Council for Planning and Coordination of Research(D1988-0092,D1989-0115,D1990-0074,D1991-0258,D1992-0143,D1997-0756,D1997-1841,D1999-0739,and B1999-474)+4 种基金Swedish Council for Research in the Humanities and Social Sciences(F377/1988-2000)the Swedish Council for Social Research(1988-1990:88-0082 and 311/1991-2000)the Swedish Research Council(345-2003-3883 and 315-2004-6977)The Poverty and Health in Ageing(PHA)project was funded by Department for International Development(DfID),UK and Swedish Agency for Research Cooperation/Swedish International Development Agency,and the Swedish Research CouncilWe acknowledge the contribution of the staff members in the PHA and Betula projects.Å.Wahlin and O.Sternäng were funded by a grant from Swedish Council for Research in the Humanities and Social Sciences(Dnr 421-2002-2575).
文摘Most studies on cognitive aging have been conducted in high-income countries(mainly on Western populations).The main aim of this study was to compare the relative importance of predictors of episodic and semantic memory performance in older people(≥60 years)from Bangladesh(n=400)and Sweden(n=1,098).Hierarchical regression models were used in order to study the importance of some commonly used predictors in the two countries.A main finding was that variations in age did not have much impact on episodic and semantic memory performance in Bangladesh.Instead,sex was a strong predictor for semantic memory performance.In Sweden this pattern was reversed.In the Western world,chronological age is believed to be strongly associated with memory performance in cross-sectional studies,particularly in people greater than 60 years of age.This study indicates that the difference between the two countries(in relative importance of the predictors included in this study)is mainly due to the fact that years of education is connected to age in the Western world but to sex in Bangladesh.It remains to be examined whether earlier selective survival is also responsible for the relative absence of cognitive age differences in Bangladesh.
基金supported by the National Social Science Fund of China through the 2023 project(Project No.23BYY178).
文摘This study explores age-related differences in metaphor usage among L2 English users through a semiotic lens,analyzing word association data from two age groups of Chinese English teachers:younger(30–40 years,N=30)and older(61–70 years,N=27).Integrating Peirce’s semiotic framework(1931/1958.The collected pa-pers of Charles Sanders Peirce.Cambridge:Harvard University Press,Volume I:145;Volume IV:447)and Conceptual Metaphor Theory(Lakoff and Johnson 1980.The metaphorical structure of the human conceptual system.Cognitive Science 4.195–208),we examine structural,orientational,and ontological metaphors to identify age-specific patterns.Results reveal that older participants employed more onto-logical metaphors,while younger counterparts favored structural metaphors.Se-miotic analysis suggests that older L2 users’enriched bilingual experience enhances interpretant generation,facilitating superior metaphor processing.These findings provide novel semiotic insights into bilingual cognitive aging,highlighting the interplay between linguistic experience and metaphor production across age groups.
