语言学习不应仅限于词法和句法的学习,而应更加关注词汇在语境中的整体性意义。本研究借助美国当代英语语料库(COCA),以动词witness为节点词来研究扩展意义单位,分析该词的类联接特点、搭配词的语义倾向以及结合语境所体现的语义韵信息...语言学习不应仅限于词法和句法的学习,而应更加关注词汇在语境中的整体性意义。本研究借助美国当代英语语料库(COCA),以动词witness为节点词来研究扩展意义单位,分析该词的类联接特点、搭配词的语义倾向以及结合语境所体现的语义韵信息。研究发现,动词witness主要与名词、副词搭配,其中名词搭配强调事件描述,副词搭配突出时间体验。此外,该词还能与介词、助动词、副词、代词、冠词和名词等词类进行多样化的类联接,构成丰富的句法结构。在语义倾向方面,witness体现出直接性、亲历性,并常与重大事件相关联。其语义韵以中性和消极倾向为主,积极倾向较少。研究为理解witness词汇提供了新的视角,并为语言学习和教学提供了实用框架。Language learning should extend beyond morphology and syntax to encompass the holistic meaning of vocabulary in context. This study employs the Corpus of Contemporary American English (COCA) to investigate the extended unit of meaning of the verb witness, analyzing its collocational patterns, the semantic tendencies of its co-occurring words, and semantic prosody information embodied in the context. The findings reveal that the verb witness primarily collocates with nouns and adverbs, with noun collocations emphasizing event description and adverb collocations highlighting temporal experience. Additionally, witness forms diverse syntactic structures through various collocations with prepositions, auxiliary verbs, pronouns, determiners, nouns, and other word classes. In terms of semantic tendencies, witness conveys directness, firsthand experience, and is often associated with significant events. Its semantic prosody is predominantly neutral or negative, with fewer instances of positive connotations. This study provides new insights for understanding the lexical behavior of witness and a practical framework for language learning and teaching.展开更多
词汇习得研究是语料库语言学界的研究热点,作为语料库驱动的短语研究的重要描述机制,扩展意义单位模型为研究词汇的整体性意义提供了新的研究视角。本研究利用美国当代英语语料库(COCA),以动词“demonstrate”为节点词,探讨了该词的扩...词汇习得研究是语料库语言学界的研究热点,作为语料库驱动的短语研究的重要描述机制,扩展意义单位模型为研究词汇的整体性意义提供了新的研究视角。本研究利用美国当代英语语料库(COCA),以动词“demonstrate”为节点词,探讨了该词的扩展意义单位,即该动词的搭配、类联接特点、搭配词的语义倾向,以及整个复合词项的语义韵信息。研究发现,动词“demonstrate”常出现在学术文章中,常与带有“研究”词义的词汇搭配,多用于书面语。同时,该词能够与名词、形容词、副词和介词等词性进行不同的类联接,从而构成丰富多样的句法结构。此外,该词与形容词、副词和介词搭配时,分别体现积极、中性和消极的语义倾向,整个复合词项分别呈现出褒义、中立和贬义的语义韵。通过研究词汇的扩展意义单位,二语学习者可以发现整个扩展意义单位所传达的态度意义,从而提高自身的语言表达能力。The study of vocabulary acquisition has become a hot topic in the corpus linguistics community. As an important descriptive mechanism for corpus-driven phrase research, the extended unit of meaning model provides a new research perspective on the holistic meaning of vocabulary. This study utilizes the Corpus of Contemporary American English (COCA) to investigate the extended unit of meaning of the verb “demonstrate”. This includes its collocation, colligation, semantic preference and semantic prosody. The results of the study indicate that the verb “demonstrate” frequently appears in academic articles, often collocates with words carrying the meaning of research, and is predominantly used in written language. Furthermore, this verb is able to form various syntactic structures through different collocations with nouns, adjectives, adverbs, and prepositions. Additionally, when collocating with adjectives, adverbs, and prepositions, the verb exhibits positive, neutral, and negative semantic preferences, respectively, resulting in a positive, neutral, and negative semantic prosody. By studying the expanded semantic units of vocabulary, second language learners can uncover the attitudinal meanings conveyed by the extended unit of meaning, thereby enhancing their own language expression abilities.展开更多
文摘语言学习不应仅限于词法和句法的学习,而应更加关注词汇在语境中的整体性意义。本研究借助美国当代英语语料库(COCA),以动词witness为节点词来研究扩展意义单位,分析该词的类联接特点、搭配词的语义倾向以及结合语境所体现的语义韵信息。研究发现,动词witness主要与名词、副词搭配,其中名词搭配强调事件描述,副词搭配突出时间体验。此外,该词还能与介词、助动词、副词、代词、冠词和名词等词类进行多样化的类联接,构成丰富的句法结构。在语义倾向方面,witness体现出直接性、亲历性,并常与重大事件相关联。其语义韵以中性和消极倾向为主,积极倾向较少。研究为理解witness词汇提供了新的视角,并为语言学习和教学提供了实用框架。Language learning should extend beyond morphology and syntax to encompass the holistic meaning of vocabulary in context. This study employs the Corpus of Contemporary American English (COCA) to investigate the extended unit of meaning of the verb witness, analyzing its collocational patterns, the semantic tendencies of its co-occurring words, and semantic prosody information embodied in the context. The findings reveal that the verb witness primarily collocates with nouns and adverbs, with noun collocations emphasizing event description and adverb collocations highlighting temporal experience. Additionally, witness forms diverse syntactic structures through various collocations with prepositions, auxiliary verbs, pronouns, determiners, nouns, and other word classes. In terms of semantic tendencies, witness conveys directness, firsthand experience, and is often associated with significant events. Its semantic prosody is predominantly neutral or negative, with fewer instances of positive connotations. This study provides new insights for understanding the lexical behavior of witness and a practical framework for language learning and teaching.
文摘词汇习得研究是语料库语言学界的研究热点,作为语料库驱动的短语研究的重要描述机制,扩展意义单位模型为研究词汇的整体性意义提供了新的研究视角。本研究利用美国当代英语语料库(COCA),以动词“demonstrate”为节点词,探讨了该词的扩展意义单位,即该动词的搭配、类联接特点、搭配词的语义倾向,以及整个复合词项的语义韵信息。研究发现,动词“demonstrate”常出现在学术文章中,常与带有“研究”词义的词汇搭配,多用于书面语。同时,该词能够与名词、形容词、副词和介词等词性进行不同的类联接,从而构成丰富多样的句法结构。此外,该词与形容词、副词和介词搭配时,分别体现积极、中性和消极的语义倾向,整个复合词项分别呈现出褒义、中立和贬义的语义韵。通过研究词汇的扩展意义单位,二语学习者可以发现整个扩展意义单位所传达的态度意义,从而提高自身的语言表达能力。The study of vocabulary acquisition has become a hot topic in the corpus linguistics community. As an important descriptive mechanism for corpus-driven phrase research, the extended unit of meaning model provides a new research perspective on the holistic meaning of vocabulary. This study utilizes the Corpus of Contemporary American English (COCA) to investigate the extended unit of meaning of the verb “demonstrate”. This includes its collocation, colligation, semantic preference and semantic prosody. The results of the study indicate that the verb “demonstrate” frequently appears in academic articles, often collocates with words carrying the meaning of research, and is predominantly used in written language. Furthermore, this verb is able to form various syntactic structures through different collocations with nouns, adjectives, adverbs, and prepositions. Additionally, when collocating with adjectives, adverbs, and prepositions, the verb exhibits positive, neutral, and negative semantic preferences, respectively, resulting in a positive, neutral, and negative semantic prosody. By studying the expanded semantic units of vocabulary, second language learners can uncover the attitudinal meanings conveyed by the extended unit of meaning, thereby enhancing their own language expression abilities.
