Graft copolymers of MMA （methyl methacrylate） with NRL （natural rubber latex） referred to as NR-g-PMMA have been prepared using CHP （cumene hydroperoxide）/TEPA （tetraetbylenepentamine） redox initiator. 1H NMR ...Graft copolymers of MMA （methyl methacrylate） with NRL （natural rubber latex） referred to as NR-g-PMMA have been prepared using CHP （cumene hydroperoxide）/TEPA （tetraetbylenepentamine） redox initiator. 1H NMR （proton nuclear magnetic resonance） and FTIR （Fourier transform infrared） analysis have confirmed the occurrence of graft copolymerisations of MMA onto NR that containing 30% and 50% of MMA monomer. The influence of coagulating agents such as formic acid, sulfuric acid and boiling water on the coagulation of NR-g-PMMA latices were investigated. These types of coagulating agent formed compact coagulum and the effect of NR-g-PMMA compounds on cure characteristics, physical properties and appearances were reported.展开更多
PU dispersion was chosen as an impregnating agent to produce leather-like sheet on spun-laced nonwoven.Three typical coagulating processes were studied.It was found that the best coagulating process for the chosen PUd...PU dispersion was chosen as an impregnating agent to produce leather-like sheet on spun-laced nonwoven.Three typical coagulating processes were studied.It was found that the best coagulating process for the chosen PUdispersion to get the leather-like sheet was coagulation in a sodium chloride solution.The detailed study of coagu-lating processes in sodium chloride solution was carriedout and optimal condition was obtained.Some experi-mental results were elucidated.Keywords:PU dispersion,coagulating, impregnating,ar-tificial leather,spun-laced nonwoven.展开更多
Microplastic is a new kind of pollutant.It exists widely in the aquatic environment and seriously endangers the aquatic ecosystem.In this study,the coagulating sedimentation method was used to remove microplastics in ...Microplastic is a new kind of pollutant.It exists widely in the aquatic environment and seriously endangers the aquatic ecosystem.In this study,the coagulating sedimentation method was used to remove microplastics in water.Polyethylene(PE)was selected as the representative of microplastics,polyferric sulfate(PFS),polyaluminum chloride(PAC)and aluminum sulfate(AS)were used as coagulant,and polyacrylamide(PAM)was used as coagulant aid to study the effects of pH,coagulant concentration and sedimentation time on the removal of PE by single and composite coagulant.The results showed that when the dosage of PFS was 0.5 g/L and pH was 5.0,the removal rate could reach 82.14%,which was better than PAC and AS,indicating that PFS had better coagulation and sedimentation performance for PE;the composite coagulant of PFS+PAC+AS(1 g/L+0.2 g/L+0.2 g/L,pH was 5.0)had the highest removal rate of PE,reaching 96.06%;the removal rate of PE increased with the increase in sedimentation time,but considering that the longer sedimentation time has less contribution to the improvement of removal rate,it is recommended that 4 h is appropriate.展开更多
BACKGROUND Gastric cancer(GC)is a prevalent malignancy with a substantial health burden and high mortality rate,despite advances in prevention,early detection,and treatment.Compared with the global average,Asia,notabl...BACKGROUND Gastric cancer(GC)is a prevalent malignancy with a substantial health burden and high mortality rate,despite advances in prevention,early detection,and treatment.Compared with the global average,Asia,notably China,reports disproportionately high GC incidences.The disease often progresses asymptoma-tically in the early stages,leading to delayed diagnosis and compromised out-comes.Thus,it is crucial to identify early diagnostic biomarkers and enhance treatment strategies to improve patient outcomes and reduce mortality.METHODS Retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 148 patients with GC treated at the Civil Aviation Shanghai Hospital between December 2022 and December 2023.The associations of coagulation indices-partial thromboplastin time(APTT),prothrombin time(PT),thrombin time(TT),fibrinogen,fibrinogen degradation products(FDP),fasting blood glucose,and D-dimer(D-D)with TNM stage and distant metastasis were examined.RESULTS Prolongation of APTT,PT,and TT was significantly correlated with the GC TNM stage.Hence,abnormal coagulation system activation was closely related to disease progression.Elevated FDP and D-D were significantly associated with distant metastasis in GC(P<0.05),suggesting that increased fibrinolytic activity contributes to increased metastatic risk.CONCLUSION Our Results reveal coagulation indices,FDPs as GC biomarkers,reflecting abnormal coagulation/fibrinolysis,aiding disease progression,metastasis prediction,and helping clinicians assess thrombotic risk for early intervention and personalized treatment plans.展开更多
BACKGROUND:This study aimed to explore the importance of routine coagulation tests for the early detection of sepsis and to quickly identify patients at a high risk of mortality.METHODS:This retrospective single-cente...BACKGROUND:This study aimed to explore the importance of routine coagulation tests for the early detection of sepsis and to quickly identify patients at a high risk of mortality.METHODS:This retrospective single-center study collected data from patients meeting the clinical criteria for systemic inflammatory response syndrome(SIRS) with a confirmed infection source.Patients with coagulation disorders or on medications affecting coagulation were excluded.Patients were divided into sepsis and non-sepsis groups based on a Sequential Organ Failure Assessment(SOFA) score of ≥2.Univariate and multivariate logistic regression identified indicators from routine coagulation tests that predict sepsis.Prognostic roles of coagulation indicators were analyzed within the sepsis group.RESULTS:A total of 512 patients were included,with 396 in the sepsis group and 116 in the non-sepsis group.The predictive factors in the sepsis prediction model encompass fibrin degradation products(FDP),D-dimer,lactate,procalcitonin(PCT) levels and the utilization of mechanical ventilation.Early elevation of FDP and D-dimer levels predicted sepsis onset.The model exhibited an area under the curve(AUC) of 0.943(95% CI:0.923–0.963).In the sepsis group,Cox regression analysis revealed an association between prothrombin time(PT) and in-hospital mortality.CONCLUSION:Abnormal high FDP and D-dimer levels in the early stages of sepsis provide a supplementary method for predicting sepsis.As the disease progresses,prolonged PT in the early stages of sepsis suggests a poor prognosis.展开更多
In this study,synthetic wastewater containing 110μg/L arsenate(As(V)),0-20 mg/L fulvic acid(FA),and 0-12.3 mg/L phosphate was treated with 3 mg/L Fe3+.The mechanisms of FA and phosphate effects on As(V)removal by fer...In this study,synthetic wastewater containing 110μg/L arsenate(As(V)),0-20 mg/L fulvic acid(FA),and 0-12.3 mg/L phosphate was treated with 3 mg/L Fe3+.The mechanisms of FA and phosphate effects on As(V)removal by ferric chloride were determined using 0.22-10μm pore-size filtration,Zetasizer analysis,and in situ flow through cell ATR-FTIR.The results showed that up to 20mg/L FA had almost no effect on the solubility of ferric hydroxide precipitates and adsorption of As(V)by the precipitates.When FA concentration increased from 0 to 20 mg/L,the adsorption of FA led to higher negative zeta potential of the precipitates and the strong electrostatic repulsion between the precipitates decreased the particle size of ferric hydroxide flocs fromlarger than 10μmto smaller than 1μm.In the presence of 5-20 mg/L FA,46%-63%As(V)was adsorbed onto the flocs with particle size in the range of 0.45-1μm.On the other hand,phosphate did not affect the size of ferric hydroxide flocs and significantly increased the dissolved As(V)concentration because it competed with As(V)for adsorption sites on ferric hydroxide precipitates.The addition of 5mg/L cationic organic flocculant significantly reduced the effect of FA on As(V)removal,but did not reduce the effect of phosphate on As(V)removal.The findings of this study will help develop effective arsenic treatment techniques and predict the mobility of arsenic in the environment.展开更多
As part of sewage treatment,coagulation could remove phosphorus from the effluent of the Anaerobic-Anoxic-Oxic-Anoxic(A^(2)OA)biological process.The importance in investigating the influence of coagulation on Anaerobi...As part of sewage treatment,coagulation could remove phosphorus from the effluent of the Anaerobic-Anoxic-Oxic-Anoxic(A^(2)OA)biological process.The importance in investigating the influence of coagulation on Anaerobic-Anoxic-Oxic-Anoxic Membrane Bioreactor(A^(2)OA-MBR)should be emphasized.In this study,systematic optimization of coagulation parameters for greater pollutant removal was conducted in terms of coagulant dosage,coagulation residence time and stirring hydraulic conditions.Coagulation process could remarkably remove turbidity,phosphorus,chemical oxygen demand,humic-like,protein-like and polysaccharide-like substances from secondary effluent and A^(2)OA sludge-liquid mixture.Furthermore,the influence of coagulation on membrane fouling development during the ultrafiltration of secondary effluent and A^(2)OA sludge-liquid mixture was investigated based on optimum coagulation parameters.Coagulation simultaneously reduced reversible membrane fouling and the irreversible one by 86%and 16%,respectively.According to excitation-emission matrix and attenuated total reflection-fourier transform infrared spectra,membrane fouling was primarily influenced by the cake layer,although pore fouling might be aggravated by A^(2)OA processes.Besides,the feasibility of coagulation-assisted A^(2)OA-MBRwas also assessed using hollowfibermembranes.It exhibited excellent potential in alleviatingmembrane fouling,while regular cleaning twice a day was not enough to suppress transmembrane pressure increase during direct domestic wastewater ultrafiltration.Additionally,both polysaccharide-like and protein-like foulants were vital components for membrane fouling during wastewater treatment.展开更多
Gastric cancer(GC)has remained one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths globally.The development of noninvasive biomarkers in cancer diagnosis and treatment has gained substantial traction in recent years.Re...Gastric cancer(GC)has remained one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths globally.The development of noninvasive biomarkers in cancer diagnosis and treatment has gained substantial traction in recent years.Recent evidence highlights hypercoagulation as a promising prognostic biomarker,particularly in locally advanced GC(LAGC)who underwent radical resection after neoadjuvant immunochemotherapy(NICT).A recent study by Li et al showed that hypercoagulation is a valuable prognostic indicator for patients with LAGC who have undergone radical resection following NICT.While the study addresses an important clinical issue and provides insightful findings,the present study offered valuable insights;the applicability of these findings was constrained by the retrospective design,the focus on a single center,and the small sample size of the existing studies.Additionally,vital confounders,such as preoperative comorbidities and systemic inflammation,are inadequately addressed.Future studies should focus on prospective multicenter trials,incorporating advanced predictive models such as machine learning algorithms to integrate coagulation markers with other clinical variables for personalized risk stratification.In addition,we are required to validate findings to examine the biological mechanisms correlating hypercoagulation to tumor progression.Integrating machine learning,comprehensive biomarker panels,and real-world data would allow the researchers to have personalized risk stratification,improve predictive accuracy,and optimize clinical decision-making.Finally,A multidisciplinary approach,including lifestyle interventions and imaging modalities,is essential to improve outcomes among patients with GC.展开更多
BACKGROUND Cardiac metastatic tumors(CMTs)are rare yet pose significant medical concerns.Clinical studies on CMT are limited,particularly those involving multicenter data analysis.AIM To systematically analyze the eti...BACKGROUND Cardiac metastatic tumors(CMTs)are rare yet pose significant medical concerns.Clinical studies on CMT are limited,particularly those involving multicenter data analysis.AIM To systematically analyze the etiology,sources,classification,treatment,and prognosis of CMT.METHODS A total of 226 CMT patients from two centers(2013 to 2023)were reviewed,and 153 tumor patients from China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study were used as controls.The survival rates of 96 CMT patients were tracked through medical records and telephone follow-ups.Logistic regression and survival analyses were conducted to characterize CMT.RESULTS CMTs were predominantly male(67.26%vs 39.47%,P<0.001).Intracardiac metastasis patients had worse heart and coagulation function than pericardial metastasis patients(prothrombin time:13.90 vs 13.30,P=0.002),D-dimer levels(2.16 vs 0.85,P=0.001),B-type natriuretic peptide(BNP)levels(324.00 vs 136.50,P=0.004),and troponin levels(5.35 vs 0.03,P<0.001)).Lung and liver cancers were the predominant primary tumor types in CMT.Patients with lung cancer(76.40%vs 30.77%)and thymoma(7.45%vs 1.54%)exhibited a higher prevalence of pericardial metastasis,while those with liver cancer(35.38%vs 0.62%)showed a higher prevalence of intracardiac metastasis.Overall survival was better for pericardial metastasis than for intracardiac metastasis patients(median survival:419 days vs 129 days,log-rank test P=0.0029).Cox proportional hazards model revealed that advanced age[hazard ratio(HR)=1.034,95%confidence interval(95%CI):1.011-1.057]and higher BNP and troponin levels(HR=1.011,95%CI:1.004-1.018)were associated with worse survival.Surgery significantly improved the survival rate of patients.The median survival time was 275 days for patients who did not undergo surgery and 708 days for those who had surgery(log-rank test P=0.0128)CONCLUSION Clinicians should consider CMT in the male lung or liver cancer patients with cardiac symptoms.Abnormal coagulation,impaired heart function,tumor location,and age are key prognostic factors for CMT.Surgical intervention is the preferred treatment option,as it significantly prolongs median survival.展开更多
Dynamic changes in the physiochemical,structural,and flavor characteristics of ginger-juice milk curd were explored by texture analysis,scanning electron microscopy,rheometry,electronic tongue,and gas chromatography-m...Dynamic changes in the physiochemical,structural,and flavor characteristics of ginger-juice milk curd were explored by texture analysis,scanning electron microscopy,rheometry,electronic tongue,and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS).Protein electrophoresis showed that ginger juice could hydrolyzeαs-,β-,andκ-casein.Curd formation was initiated at 90 s,marked by significant changes in intensity detected via intrinsic fluorescence.The contents of soluble protein and calcium decreased rapidly during coagulation,while the caseinolytic activity,storage moduli,loss moduli,hardness,adhesiveness,and water-holding capacity increased,resulting in a denser gel structure with smaller pores and fewer cavitations as observed by scanning electron microscopy.Electronic tongue analysis indicated that milk could neutralize the astringency and saltiness of ginger juice,rendering the taste of ginger-juice milk curd more akin to that of milk.Approximately 70 volatile components were detected in ginger-juice milk curd.α-Zingiberene,α-curcumene,β-sesquiphellandrene,andβ-bisabolene were the predominant volatile flavor compounds,exhibiting an initial decrease in content followed by stability after 90 s.Decanoic acid,γ-elemene,and caryophyllene were identified as unique volatile compounds after mixing of milk and ginger juice.Understanding the dynamic changes in these characteristics during coagulation holds significant importance for the production of ginger-juice milk curd.展开更多
BACKGROUND Coagulation status is closely related to the progression of malignant tumors.In the era of neoadjuvant immunochemotherapy(NICT),the prognostic utility of coagulation indicators in patients with locally adva...BACKGROUND Coagulation status is closely related to the progression of malignant tumors.In the era of neoadjuvant immunochemotherapy(NICT),the prognostic utility of coagulation indicators in patients with locally advanced gastric cancer(LAGC)undergoing new treatments remains to be determined.AIM To determine whether hypercoagulation is an effective prognostic indicator in patients with LAGC who underwent radical resection after NICT.METHODS A retrospective analysis of clinical data from 104 patients with LAGC,who underwent radical resection after NICT between 2020 and 2023,was performed.Ddimer and fibrinogen concentrations were measured one week before NICT,and again one week before surgery,to analyze the association between these two indicators and their combined indices[non-hypercoagulation(D-dimer and fibrinogen concentrations within the upper limit of normal)vs hypercoagulation(D-dimer or fibrinogen concentrations above the upper limit of normal)]with prognosis.After radical resection,patients were followed-up periodically.The median follow-up duration was 21 months.RESULTS Data collected after NICT revealed that the three-year overall survival(OS)and disease-free survival(DFS)rates the non-hypercoagulation group were significantly better than those in the hypercoagulation group[94.4%vs 78.0%(P=0.019)and 87.0%vs 68.0%(P=0.027),respectively].Multivariate analysis indicated that hypercoagulation after NICT was an independent factor for poor postoperative OS[hazard ratio(HR)4.436,P=0.023]and DFS(HR 2.551,P=0.039).Pre-NICT data demonstrated no statistically significant difference in three-year OS between the non-hypercoagulation and hypercoagulation groups(88.3%vs 84.1%,respectively;P=0.443).CONCLUSION Hypercoagulation after NICT is an effective prognostic indicator in patients with LAGC undergoing radical gastrectomy.展开更多
BACKGROUND Currently,there is a notable lack of reliable studies evaluating the impact of multidisciplinary treatment strategies following transarterial chemoembolization(TACE)on patients with hepatocellular carcinoma...BACKGROUND Currently,there is a notable lack of reliable studies evaluating the impact of multidisciplinary treatment strategies following transarterial chemoembolization(TACE)on patients with hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC),underscoring the urgent need for higher-level research in this area.AIM To investigate the association of multidisciplinary treatment strategies with the immunological,coagulation,and tumor biomarker responses after post-TACE in HCC.METHODS This retrospective analysis included 100 patients with HCC who were categorized based on the treatment approach into the control(patients treated with TACE alone)and experimental groups(patients receiving multidisciplinary treatment strategies post-TACE).Participant characteristics,short-term efficacy,and safety assessment as well as immunological,coagulation,and tumor biomarker res-ponses between the two groups were collected and compared.RESULTS Compared with the control group,the experimental group demonstrated a superior overall response rate,along with an increased fibrinogen,markedly improved immunological biomarker,lower prothrombin time,thrombin time,alpha-fetoprotein,carcinoembryonic antigen,and carbohydrate antigen 199 levels,as well as a decreased abnormal prothrombin incidence,and a lower overall rate of adverse reactions.Notably,no significant difference in the activated partial thromboplastin time and D-dimer levels was observed between the two groups.CONCLUSION Multidisciplinary treatment strategies post-TACE have improved the treatment outcome,the immunological response,and the coagulation function,lowered the tumor biomarker response levels,and reduced the risk of adverse reactions in patients with HCC.展开更多
In recent years,the effect of pulsed magnetic fields on improving the solidification structure of alloys has attracted significant attention.A GH4738 nickel-based alloy smelted using a self-designed 20-kg electromagne...In recent years,the effect of pulsed magnetic fields on improving the solidification structure of alloys has attracted significant attention.A GH4738 nickel-based alloy smelted using a self-designed 20-kg electromagnetic casting system was taken as the research object.Finite element software was used to numerically simulate the magnetic field intensity,distribution,and temperature field of the casting device.The effect of the pulsed magnetic field on the solidification process of the GH4738 alloy was studied by means of low-magnification microstructural analysis.The measured magnetic field shows that when the duty cycle is 20%,the pulse frequency is 50 Hz,the output current is in the range of 150–250 A,and the peak magnetic field intensity of the crucible center is 68–116 mT.The crucible temperature is heated to 600℃and the melt center solidification time is 12.844 s.The microstructural analysis of the ingot shows that its shrinkage hole is reduced from 130 to 100 mm,and the equiaxed crystal area is increased from 2275 to 3150 mm^(2).The solidification angle of the dendrite is changed under the action of the pulsed magnetic field,and the tilt angle is 45°.The results show that the pulsed magnetic field promotes the primary crystal core of the GH4738 alloy,improves the nucleation rate of the melt,reduces the size difference of the solidification structure between the center and the edge of the ingot,and improves the uniformity of the solidification structure.展开更多
This letter to the editor involves the article published in the World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology.Bone metastasis(BM)in gastric cancer(GC)is uncommon but can be prevalent in autopsy studies.BM significantly i...This letter to the editor involves the article published in the World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology.Bone metastasis(BM)in gastric cancer(GC)is uncommon but can be prevalent in autopsy studies.BM significantly impairs quality of life and is frequently underdiagnosed,as sensitive diagnostic tests are only performed after symptoms occur.Imaging is crucial for the diagnosis of BM but is not routinely used for screening and is expensive.Examining laboratory risk factors for BM in GC patients using multivariate analysis could be a more effective approach.展开更多
Dear Editor,Crimean–Congo hemorrhagic fever(CCHF),caused by the CCHF virus(CCHFV),is a severe tick-borne illness with a wide geographical distribution,posing a significant threat with case fatality rates ranging from...Dear Editor,Crimean–Congo hemorrhagic fever(CCHF),caused by the CCHF virus(CCHFV),is a severe tick-borne illness with a wide geographical distribution,posing a significant threat with case fatality rates ranging from 5%to 70%(Hawman and Feldmann,2023).Due to the lack of approved vaccines and therapeutics,the World Health Organization(WHO)has listed CCHF as one of the priority diseases(Semper et al.,2024).CCHF initially presents as a nonspecific febrile illness,characterized by fever,malaise,myalgia,and nausea,which can rapidly progress to hemorrhagic disease.The hemorrhagic stage is particularly pronounced in severe cases,with rapid progression to disseminated intravascular coagulation(DIC),overt bleeding,kidney or liver failure,and shock(Frank et al.,2024).Up to date,there is an absence of a suitable animal model that can accurately mimic the coagulopathy and bleeding associated with CCHFV infection.Consequently,our understanding of the pathogenic mechanisms underlying these conditions remains limited(Rodriguez et al.,2022).展开更多
The accurate and timely detection of biochemical coagulation indicators is pivotal in pulmonary and critical care medicine.Despite their reliability,traditional laboratories often lag in terms of rapid diagnosis.Point...The accurate and timely detection of biochemical coagulation indicators is pivotal in pulmonary and critical care medicine.Despite their reliability,traditional laboratories often lag in terms of rapid diagnosis.Point-of-care testing(POCT)has emerged as a promising alternative,which is awaiting rigorous validation.We assessed 226 samples from patients at the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University using a Beckman Coulter AU5821 and a PUSHKANG POCT Biochemistry Analyzer MS100.Furthermore,350 samples were evaluated with a Stago coagulation analyzer STAR MAX and a PUSHKANG POCT Coagulation Analyzer MC100.Metrics included thirteen biochemical indexes,such as albumin,and five coagulation indices,such as prothrombin time.Comparisons were drawn against the PUSHKANG POCT analyzer.Bland-Altman plots(MS100:0.8206-0.9995;MC100:0.8318-0.9911)evinced significant consistency between methodologies.Spearman correlation pinpointed a potent linear association between conventional devices and the PUSHKANG POCT analyzer,further underscored by a robust correlation coefficient(MS100:0.713-0.949;MC100:0.593-0.950).The PUSHKANG POCT was validated as a dependable tool for serum and whole blood biochemical and coagulation diagnostics.This emphasizes its prospective clinical efficacy,offering clinicians a swift diagnostic tool and heralding a new era of enhanced patient care outcomes.展开更多
This review describes the mechanisms of natural coagulants.It provides a good understanding of the two key processes of coagulation-flocculation:adsorption and charge neutralization,as well as adsorption and bridging....This review describes the mechanisms of natural coagulants.It provides a good understanding of the two key processes of coagulation-flocculation:adsorption and charge neutralization,as well as adsorption and bridging.Various factors have influence the coagulation/flocculation process,including the effect of pH,coagulant dosage,coagulant type,temperature,initial turbidity,coagulation speed,flocculation speed,coagulation and flocculation time,settling time,colloidal particles,zeta potential,the effects of humic acids,and extraction density are explained.The bio-coagulants derived from plants are outlined.The impact of organic coagulants on water quality,focusing on their effects on the physicochemical parameters of water,heavy metals removal,and bacteriological water quality,is examined.The methods of extraction and purification of plant-based coagulants,highlighting techniques such as solvent extraction and ultrasonic extraction,are discussed.It also examines the parameters that influence these processes.The methods and principles of purification of coagulating agents,including dialysis,freeze-drying,ion exchange,electrophoresis,filtration,and centrifugation,are listed.Finally,it evaluates the sustainability of natural coagulants,focusing on the environmental,technical,and economic aspects of their use.At the end of this review,the readers should have a comprehensive understanding of the mechanisms,selection,extraction,purification,and sustainability of plant-based natural coagulants in water treatment.展开更多
The coagulation process is a widely applied technology in water and wastewater treatment.Novel composite polyferric mag-nesium-silicate-sulfate(PFMS)coagulants were synthesized using Na_(2)SiO_(3)·9H_(2)O,Fe_(2)(...The coagulation process is a widely applied technology in water and wastewater treatment.Novel composite polyferric mag-nesium-silicate-sulfate(PFMS)coagulants were synthesized using Na_(2)SiO_(3)·9H_(2)O,Fe_(2)(SO_(4))_(3),and MgSO_(4) as raw materials in this paper.The effects of aging time,Fe:Si:Mg,and OH:M molar ratios(M represents the metal ions)on the coagulation performance of the as-pre-pared PFMS were systematically investigated to obtain optimum coagulants.The results showed that PFMS coagulant exhibited good co-agulation properties in the treatment of simulated humic acid-kaolin surface water and reactive dye wastewater.When the molar ratio was controlled at Fe:Si:Mg=2:2:1 and OH:M=0.32,the obtained PFMS presented excellent stability and a high coagulation efficiency.The removal efficiency of ultraviolet UV254 was 99.81%,and the residual turbidity of the surface water reached 0.56 NTU at a dosage of 30 mg·L^(-1).After standing the coagulant for 120 d in the laboratory,the removal efficiency of UV254 and residual turbidity of the surface wa-ter were 88.12%and 0.68 NTU,respectively,which accord with the surface water treatment requirements.In addition,the coagulation performance in the treatment of reactive dye wastewater was greatly improved by combining the advantages of magnesium and iron salts.Compared with polyferric silicate-sulfate(PFS)and polymagnesium silicate-sulfate(PMS),the PFMS coagulant played a better decolor-ization role within the pH range of 7-13.展开更多
Objective Coagulation abnormalities are common and prognostically significant in intensive care units(ICUs)and are associated with increased mortality.This study aimed to explore the association between the levels of ...Objective Coagulation abnormalities are common and prognostically significant in intensive care units(ICUs)and are associated with increased mortality.This study aimed to explore the association between the levels of coagulation markers and the risk of mortality among ICU patients with coagulation abnormalities.Methods This retrospective study investigated patients with coagulation abnormalities in the ICU between January 2021 and December 2022.The initial point for detecting hemostatic biomarkers due to clinical assessment of coagulation abnormalities was designated day 0.Patients were followed up for 28 days,and multivariate logistic regression analysis was utilized to identify risk factors for mortality.Results Of the 451 patients analyzed,115 died,and 336 were alive at the end of the 28-day period.Multivariate analysis revealed that elevated thrombin-antithrombin complex(TAT),tissue plasminogen activator inhibitor complex(tPAIC),prolonged prothrombin time,and thrombocytopenia were independent risk factors for mortality.For nonovert disseminated intravascular coagulation(DIC)patients,older age and thrombocytopenia were associated with increased risks of mortality,whereas elevated levels of plasminα2-plasmin inhibitor complex(PIC)were found to be independent predictors of survival.In patients with overt DIC,elevated levels of tPAIC were independently associated with increased risks of mortality.Nevertheless,thrombocytopenia was independently associated with increased risks of mortality in patients with pre-DIC.Conclusion Coagulation markers such as the TAT,tPAIC,PIC,and platelet count were significantly associated with mortality,underscoring the importance of maintaining a balance between coagulation and fibrinolysis.These findings highlight the potential for targeted therapeutic interventions based on specific coagulation markers to improve patient outcomes.展开更多
BACKGROUND:Disseminated intravascular coagulation(DIC)is associated with increased mortality in sepsis patients.In this study,we aimed to assess the clinical ability of sepsis-induced coagulopathy(SIC)and sepsis-assoc...BACKGROUND:Disseminated intravascular coagulation(DIC)is associated with increased mortality in sepsis patients.In this study,we aimed to assess the clinical ability of sepsis-induced coagulopathy(SIC)and sepsis-associated coagulopathy(SAC)criteria in identifying overt-DIC and preDIC status in sepsis patients.METHODS:Data from 419 sepsis patients were retrospectively collected from July 2018 to December 2022.The performances of the SIC and SAC were assessed to identify overt-DIC on days 1,3,7,or 14.The SIC status or SIC score on day 1,the SAC status or SAC score on day 1,and the sum of the SIC or SAC scores on days 1 and 3 were compared in terms of their ability to identify pre-DIC.The SIC or SAC status on day 1 was evaluated as a pre-DIC indicator for anticoagulant initiation.RESULTS:On day 1,the incidences of coagulopathy according to overt-DIC,SIC and SAC criteria were 11.7%,22.0%and 31.5%,respectively.The specificity of SIC for identifying overt-DIC was significantly higher than that of the SAC criteria from day 1 to day 14(P<0.05).On day 1,the SIC score with a cut-off value>3 had a significantly higher sensitivity(72.00%)and area under the curve(AUC)(0.69)in identifying pre-DIC than did the SIC or SAC status(sensitivity:SIC status 44.00%,SAC status 52.00%;AUC:SIC status 0.62,SAC status 0.61).The sum of the SIC scores on days 1 and 3 had a higher AUC value for identifying the pre-DIC state than that of SAC(0.79 vs.0.69,P<0.001).Favorable effects of anticoagulant therapy were observed in SIC(adjusted hazard ratio[HR]=0.216,95%confidence interval[95%CI]:0.060–0.783,P=0.018)and SAC(adjusted HR=0.146,95%CI:0.041–0.513,P=0.003).CONCLUSION:The SIC and SAC seem to be valuable for predicting overt-DIC.The sum of SIC scores on days 1 and 3 has the potential to help identify pre-DIC.展开更多
文摘Graft copolymers of MMA （methyl methacrylate） with NRL （natural rubber latex） referred to as NR-g-PMMA have been prepared using CHP （cumene hydroperoxide）/TEPA （tetraetbylenepentamine） redox initiator. 1H NMR （proton nuclear magnetic resonance） and FTIR （Fourier transform infrared） analysis have confirmed the occurrence of graft copolymerisations of MMA onto NR that containing 30% and 50% of MMA monomer. The influence of coagulating agents such as formic acid, sulfuric acid and boiling water on the coagulation of NR-g-PMMA latices were investigated. These types of coagulating agent formed compact coagulum and the effect of NR-g-PMMA compounds on cure characteristics, physical properties and appearances were reported.
文摘PU dispersion was chosen as an impregnating agent to produce leather-like sheet on spun-laced nonwoven.Three typical coagulating processes were studied.It was found that the best coagulating process for the chosen PUdispersion to get the leather-like sheet was coagulation in a sodium chloride solution.The detailed study of coagu-lating processes in sodium chloride solution was carriedout and optimal condition was obtained.Some experi-mental results were elucidated.Keywords:PU dispersion,coagulating, impregnating,ar-tificial leather,spun-laced nonwoven.
基金Supported by Innovation and Entrepreneurship Training Program for College Students(202210580015).
文摘Microplastic is a new kind of pollutant.It exists widely in the aquatic environment and seriously endangers the aquatic ecosystem.In this study,the coagulating sedimentation method was used to remove microplastics in water.Polyethylene(PE)was selected as the representative of microplastics,polyferric sulfate(PFS),polyaluminum chloride(PAC)and aluminum sulfate(AS)were used as coagulant,and polyacrylamide(PAM)was used as coagulant aid to study the effects of pH,coagulant concentration and sedimentation time on the removal of PE by single and composite coagulant.The results showed that when the dosage of PFS was 0.5 g/L and pH was 5.0,the removal rate could reach 82.14%,which was better than PAC and AS,indicating that PFS had better coagulation and sedimentation performance for PE;the composite coagulant of PFS+PAC+AS(1 g/L+0.2 g/L+0.2 g/L,pH was 5.0)had the highest removal rate of PE,reaching 96.06%;the removal rate of PE increased with the increase in sedimentation time,but considering that the longer sedimentation time has less contribution to the improvement of removal rate,it is recommended that 4 h is appropriate.
文摘BACKGROUND Gastric cancer(GC)is a prevalent malignancy with a substantial health burden and high mortality rate,despite advances in prevention,early detection,and treatment.Compared with the global average,Asia,notably China,reports disproportionately high GC incidences.The disease often progresses asymptoma-tically in the early stages,leading to delayed diagnosis and compromised out-comes.Thus,it is crucial to identify early diagnostic biomarkers and enhance treatment strategies to improve patient outcomes and reduce mortality.METHODS Retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 148 patients with GC treated at the Civil Aviation Shanghai Hospital between December 2022 and December 2023.The associations of coagulation indices-partial thromboplastin time(APTT),prothrombin time(PT),thrombin time(TT),fibrinogen,fibrinogen degradation products(FDP),fasting blood glucose,and D-dimer(D-D)with TNM stage and distant metastasis were examined.RESULTS Prolongation of APTT,PT,and TT was significantly correlated with the GC TNM stage.Hence,abnormal coagulation system activation was closely related to disease progression.Elevated FDP and D-D were significantly associated with distant metastasis in GC(P<0.05),suggesting that increased fibrinolytic activity contributes to increased metastatic risk.CONCLUSION Our Results reveal coagulation indices,FDPs as GC biomarkers,reflecting abnormal coagulation/fibrinolysis,aiding disease progression,metastasis prediction,and helping clinicians assess thrombotic risk for early intervention and personalized treatment plans.
基金supported by the Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality (grant no.22Y11900300)China Primary Health Care Foundation (grant no.MTP2022A0132)Project of Shanghai Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine (ZXXT-202213)to EQM and LM。
文摘BACKGROUND:This study aimed to explore the importance of routine coagulation tests for the early detection of sepsis and to quickly identify patients at a high risk of mortality.METHODS:This retrospective single-center study collected data from patients meeting the clinical criteria for systemic inflammatory response syndrome(SIRS) with a confirmed infection source.Patients with coagulation disorders or on medications affecting coagulation were excluded.Patients were divided into sepsis and non-sepsis groups based on a Sequential Organ Failure Assessment(SOFA) score of ≥2.Univariate and multivariate logistic regression identified indicators from routine coagulation tests that predict sepsis.Prognostic roles of coagulation indicators were analyzed within the sepsis group.RESULTS:A total of 512 patients were included,with 396 in the sepsis group and 116 in the non-sepsis group.The predictive factors in the sepsis prediction model encompass fibrin degradation products(FDP),D-dimer,lactate,procalcitonin(PCT) levels and the utilization of mechanical ventilation.Early elevation of FDP and D-dimer levels predicted sepsis onset.The model exhibited an area under the curve(AUC) of 0.943(95% CI:0.923–0.963).In the sepsis group,Cox regression analysis revealed an association between prothrombin time(PT) and in-hospital mortality.CONCLUSION:Abnormal high FDP and D-dimer levels in the early stages of sepsis provide a supplementary method for predicting sepsis.As the disease progresses,prolonged PT in the early stages of sepsis suggests a poor prognosis.
基金financially supported by the New Jersey Department of Environmental ProtectionUS EPA。
文摘In this study,synthetic wastewater containing 110μg/L arsenate(As(V)),0-20 mg/L fulvic acid(FA),and 0-12.3 mg/L phosphate was treated with 3 mg/L Fe3+.The mechanisms of FA and phosphate effects on As(V)removal by ferric chloride were determined using 0.22-10μm pore-size filtration,Zetasizer analysis,and in situ flow through cell ATR-FTIR.The results showed that up to 20mg/L FA had almost no effect on the solubility of ferric hydroxide precipitates and adsorption of As(V)by the precipitates.When FA concentration increased from 0 to 20 mg/L,the adsorption of FA led to higher negative zeta potential of the precipitates and the strong electrostatic repulsion between the precipitates decreased the particle size of ferric hydroxide flocs fromlarger than 10μmto smaller than 1μm.In the presence of 5-20 mg/L FA,46%-63%As(V)was adsorbed onto the flocs with particle size in the range of 0.45-1μm.On the other hand,phosphate did not affect the size of ferric hydroxide flocs and significantly increased the dissolved As(V)concentration because it competed with As(V)for adsorption sites on ferric hydroxide precipitates.The addition of 5mg/L cationic organic flocculant significantly reduced the effect of FA on As(V)removal,but did not reduce the effect of phosphate on As(V)removal.The findings of this study will help develop effective arsenic treatment techniques and predict the mobility of arsenic in the environment.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52170070,52400022 and 52200088)the Youth S&T Talent Support Programme of Guangdong Provincial Association for Science and Technology(GDSTA)(No.SKXRC202406)+1 种基金China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.2023M740754)“One hundred Youth”Science and Technology Plan,Guangdong University of Technology,China(No.263113906).
文摘As part of sewage treatment,coagulation could remove phosphorus from the effluent of the Anaerobic-Anoxic-Oxic-Anoxic(A^(2)OA)biological process.The importance in investigating the influence of coagulation on Anaerobic-Anoxic-Oxic-Anoxic Membrane Bioreactor(A^(2)OA-MBR)should be emphasized.In this study,systematic optimization of coagulation parameters for greater pollutant removal was conducted in terms of coagulant dosage,coagulation residence time and stirring hydraulic conditions.Coagulation process could remarkably remove turbidity,phosphorus,chemical oxygen demand,humic-like,protein-like and polysaccharide-like substances from secondary effluent and A^(2)OA sludge-liquid mixture.Furthermore,the influence of coagulation on membrane fouling development during the ultrafiltration of secondary effluent and A^(2)OA sludge-liquid mixture was investigated based on optimum coagulation parameters.Coagulation simultaneously reduced reversible membrane fouling and the irreversible one by 86%and 16%,respectively.According to excitation-emission matrix and attenuated total reflection-fourier transform infrared spectra,membrane fouling was primarily influenced by the cake layer,although pore fouling might be aggravated by A^(2)OA processes.Besides,the feasibility of coagulation-assisted A^(2)OA-MBRwas also assessed using hollowfibermembranes.It exhibited excellent potential in alleviatingmembrane fouling,while regular cleaning twice a day was not enough to suppress transmembrane pressure increase during direct domestic wastewater ultrafiltration.Additionally,both polysaccharide-like and protein-like foulants were vital components for membrane fouling during wastewater treatment.
文摘Gastric cancer(GC)has remained one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths globally.The development of noninvasive biomarkers in cancer diagnosis and treatment has gained substantial traction in recent years.Recent evidence highlights hypercoagulation as a promising prognostic biomarker,particularly in locally advanced GC(LAGC)who underwent radical resection after neoadjuvant immunochemotherapy(NICT).A recent study by Li et al showed that hypercoagulation is a valuable prognostic indicator for patients with LAGC who have undergone radical resection following NICT.While the study addresses an important clinical issue and provides insightful findings,the present study offered valuable insights;the applicability of these findings was constrained by the retrospective design,the focus on a single center,and the small sample size of the existing studies.Additionally,vital confounders,such as preoperative comorbidities and systemic inflammation,are inadequately addressed.Future studies should focus on prospective multicenter trials,incorporating advanced predictive models such as machine learning algorithms to integrate coagulation markers with other clinical variables for personalized risk stratification.In addition,we are required to validate findings to examine the biological mechanisms correlating hypercoagulation to tumor progression.Integrating machine learning,comprehensive biomarker panels,and real-world data would allow the researchers to have personalized risk stratification,improve predictive accuracy,and optimize clinical decision-making.Finally,A multidisciplinary approach,including lifestyle interventions and imaging modalities,is essential to improve outcomes among patients with GC.
文摘BACKGROUND Cardiac metastatic tumors(CMTs)are rare yet pose significant medical concerns.Clinical studies on CMT are limited,particularly those involving multicenter data analysis.AIM To systematically analyze the etiology,sources,classification,treatment,and prognosis of CMT.METHODS A total of 226 CMT patients from two centers(2013 to 2023)were reviewed,and 153 tumor patients from China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study were used as controls.The survival rates of 96 CMT patients were tracked through medical records and telephone follow-ups.Logistic regression and survival analyses were conducted to characterize CMT.RESULTS CMTs were predominantly male(67.26%vs 39.47%,P<0.001).Intracardiac metastasis patients had worse heart and coagulation function than pericardial metastasis patients(prothrombin time:13.90 vs 13.30,P=0.002),D-dimer levels(2.16 vs 0.85,P=0.001),B-type natriuretic peptide(BNP)levels(324.00 vs 136.50,P=0.004),and troponin levels(5.35 vs 0.03,P<0.001)).Lung and liver cancers were the predominant primary tumor types in CMT.Patients with lung cancer(76.40%vs 30.77%)and thymoma(7.45%vs 1.54%)exhibited a higher prevalence of pericardial metastasis,while those with liver cancer(35.38%vs 0.62%)showed a higher prevalence of intracardiac metastasis.Overall survival was better for pericardial metastasis than for intracardiac metastasis patients(median survival:419 days vs 129 days,log-rank test P=0.0029).Cox proportional hazards model revealed that advanced age[hazard ratio(HR)=1.034,95%confidence interval(95%CI):1.011-1.057]and higher BNP and troponin levels(HR=1.011,95%CI:1.004-1.018)were associated with worse survival.Surgery significantly improved the survival rate of patients.The median survival time was 275 days for patients who did not undergo surgery and 708 days for those who had surgery(log-rank test P=0.0128)CONCLUSION Clinicians should consider CMT in the male lung or liver cancer patients with cardiac symptoms.Abnormal coagulation,impaired heart function,tumor location,and age are key prognostic factors for CMT.Surgical intervention is the preferred treatment option,as it significantly prolongs median survival.
基金supported by the Huzhou Science and Technology Plan Project(No.2022GZ56)the Education Department of Zhejiang Province Scientific Research Project(No.Y202248484),China.
文摘Dynamic changes in the physiochemical,structural,and flavor characteristics of ginger-juice milk curd were explored by texture analysis,scanning electron microscopy,rheometry,electronic tongue,and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS).Protein electrophoresis showed that ginger juice could hydrolyzeαs-,β-,andκ-casein.Curd formation was initiated at 90 s,marked by significant changes in intensity detected via intrinsic fluorescence.The contents of soluble protein and calcium decreased rapidly during coagulation,while the caseinolytic activity,storage moduli,loss moduli,hardness,adhesiveness,and water-holding capacity increased,resulting in a denser gel structure with smaller pores and fewer cavitations as observed by scanning electron microscopy.Electronic tongue analysis indicated that milk could neutralize the astringency and saltiness of ginger juice,rendering the taste of ginger-juice milk curd more akin to that of milk.Approximately 70 volatile components were detected in ginger-juice milk curd.α-Zingiberene,α-curcumene,β-sesquiphellandrene,andβ-bisabolene were the predominant volatile flavor compounds,exhibiting an initial decrease in content followed by stability after 90 s.Decanoic acid,γ-elemene,and caryophyllene were identified as unique volatile compounds after mixing of milk and ginger juice.Understanding the dynamic changes in these characteristics during coagulation holds significant importance for the production of ginger-juice milk curd.
基金Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Province of China,No.2024AFB655Key Research and Development Program of Hubei Province of China,No.2021BCA116National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.82072736,No.82003205,No.
文摘BACKGROUND Coagulation status is closely related to the progression of malignant tumors.In the era of neoadjuvant immunochemotherapy(NICT),the prognostic utility of coagulation indicators in patients with locally advanced gastric cancer(LAGC)undergoing new treatments remains to be determined.AIM To determine whether hypercoagulation is an effective prognostic indicator in patients with LAGC who underwent radical resection after NICT.METHODS A retrospective analysis of clinical data from 104 patients with LAGC,who underwent radical resection after NICT between 2020 and 2023,was performed.Ddimer and fibrinogen concentrations were measured one week before NICT,and again one week before surgery,to analyze the association between these two indicators and their combined indices[non-hypercoagulation(D-dimer and fibrinogen concentrations within the upper limit of normal)vs hypercoagulation(D-dimer or fibrinogen concentrations above the upper limit of normal)]with prognosis.After radical resection,patients were followed-up periodically.The median follow-up duration was 21 months.RESULTS Data collected after NICT revealed that the three-year overall survival(OS)and disease-free survival(DFS)rates the non-hypercoagulation group were significantly better than those in the hypercoagulation group[94.4%vs 78.0%(P=0.019)and 87.0%vs 68.0%(P=0.027),respectively].Multivariate analysis indicated that hypercoagulation after NICT was an independent factor for poor postoperative OS[hazard ratio(HR)4.436,P=0.023]and DFS(HR 2.551,P=0.039).Pre-NICT data demonstrated no statistically significant difference in three-year OS between the non-hypercoagulation and hypercoagulation groups(88.3%vs 84.1%,respectively;P=0.443).CONCLUSION Hypercoagulation after NICT is an effective prognostic indicator in patients with LAGC undergoing radical gastrectomy.
文摘BACKGROUND Currently,there is a notable lack of reliable studies evaluating the impact of multidisciplinary treatment strategies following transarterial chemoembolization(TACE)on patients with hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC),underscoring the urgent need for higher-level research in this area.AIM To investigate the association of multidisciplinary treatment strategies with the immunological,coagulation,and tumor biomarker responses after post-TACE in HCC.METHODS This retrospective analysis included 100 patients with HCC who were categorized based on the treatment approach into the control(patients treated with TACE alone)and experimental groups(patients receiving multidisciplinary treatment strategies post-TACE).Participant characteristics,short-term efficacy,and safety assessment as well as immunological,coagulation,and tumor biomarker res-ponses between the two groups were collected and compared.RESULTS Compared with the control group,the experimental group demonstrated a superior overall response rate,along with an increased fibrinogen,markedly improved immunological biomarker,lower prothrombin time,thrombin time,alpha-fetoprotein,carcinoembryonic antigen,and carbohydrate antigen 199 levels,as well as a decreased abnormal prothrombin incidence,and a lower overall rate of adverse reactions.Notably,no significant difference in the activated partial thromboplastin time and D-dimer levels was observed between the two groups.CONCLUSION Multidisciplinary treatment strategies post-TACE have improved the treatment outcome,the immunological response,and the coagulation function,lowered the tumor biomarker response levels,and reduced the risk of adverse reactions in patients with HCC.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52074092)the Fundamental Research Funds for Inner Mongolia University of Science&Technology(No.2023QNJS007)+1 种基金Program for Young Talents of Science and Technology in Universities of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region(No.NJYT23115)the Inner Mongolia Natural Science Foundation(No.2022MS05039).
文摘In recent years,the effect of pulsed magnetic fields on improving the solidification structure of alloys has attracted significant attention.A GH4738 nickel-based alloy smelted using a self-designed 20-kg electromagnetic casting system was taken as the research object.Finite element software was used to numerically simulate the magnetic field intensity,distribution,and temperature field of the casting device.The effect of the pulsed magnetic field on the solidification process of the GH4738 alloy was studied by means of low-magnification microstructural analysis.The measured magnetic field shows that when the duty cycle is 20%,the pulse frequency is 50 Hz,the output current is in the range of 150–250 A,and the peak magnetic field intensity of the crucible center is 68–116 mT.The crucible temperature is heated to 600℃and the melt center solidification time is 12.844 s.The microstructural analysis of the ingot shows that its shrinkage hole is reduced from 130 to 100 mm,and the equiaxed crystal area is increased from 2275 to 3150 mm^(2).The solidification angle of the dendrite is changed under the action of the pulsed magnetic field,and the tilt angle is 45°.The results show that the pulsed magnetic field promotes the primary crystal core of the GH4738 alloy,improves the nucleation rate of the melt,reduces the size difference of the solidification structure between the center and the edge of the ingot,and improves the uniformity of the solidification structure.
文摘This letter to the editor involves the article published in the World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology.Bone metastasis(BM)in gastric cancer(GC)is uncommon but can be prevalent in autopsy studies.BM significantly impairs quality of life and is frequently underdiagnosed,as sensitive diagnostic tests are only performed after symptoms occur.Imaging is crucial for the diagnosis of BM but is not routinely used for screening and is expensive.Examining laboratory risk factors for BM in GC patients using multivariate analysis could be a more effective approach.
基金supported in part by grants from the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(XDB0490000 to Z.H.)National Key Research and Development Program(2021YFF0702002 to J.L.,2022YFC2303300 to Z.H.,and 2023YFC2305900 to M.W.)+3 种基金“Youth Commando”project(2023QNTJ-02 TO J.L.)Key Project(2024JZZD-02 to Z.H.)of State Key Laboratory of Virology and BiosafetyWuhan Institute of Virology,the National Natural Science Foundation of China(U22A20336 to Z.H.and Y.Z.)Wuhan Natural Science Foundation(202404071010067 to M.W.and 202404071010068 to J.L.).
文摘Dear Editor,Crimean–Congo hemorrhagic fever(CCHF),caused by the CCHF virus(CCHFV),is a severe tick-borne illness with a wide geographical distribution,posing a significant threat with case fatality rates ranging from 5%to 70%(Hawman and Feldmann,2023).Due to the lack of approved vaccines and therapeutics,the World Health Organization(WHO)has listed CCHF as one of the priority diseases(Semper et al.,2024).CCHF initially presents as a nonspecific febrile illness,characterized by fever,malaise,myalgia,and nausea,which can rapidly progress to hemorrhagic disease.The hemorrhagic stage is particularly pronounced in severe cases,with rapid progression to disseminated intravascular coagulation(DIC),overt bleeding,kidney or liver failure,and shock(Frank et al.,2024).Up to date,there is an absence of a suitable animal model that can accurately mimic the coagulopathy and bleeding associated with CCHFV infection.Consequently,our understanding of the pathogenic mechanisms underlying these conditions remains limited(Rodriguez et al.,2022).
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.82302607)the Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(Nos.2022A1515110555 and 2023A1515010932)+3 种基金the State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease(No.SKLRD-Z-202410)the Precision Medicine Joint Foundation of Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation of Guangdong Province(No.2021B1515230008)the Independent Project of Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Respiratory Infectious Diseases(No.GHMJLRID-Z-202102)the Guangdong Zhong Nanshan Medical Foundation(No.ZNSXS-20220015).
文摘The accurate and timely detection of biochemical coagulation indicators is pivotal in pulmonary and critical care medicine.Despite their reliability,traditional laboratories often lag in terms of rapid diagnosis.Point-of-care testing(POCT)has emerged as a promising alternative,which is awaiting rigorous validation.We assessed 226 samples from patients at the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University using a Beckman Coulter AU5821 and a PUSHKANG POCT Biochemistry Analyzer MS100.Furthermore,350 samples were evaluated with a Stago coagulation analyzer STAR MAX and a PUSHKANG POCT Coagulation Analyzer MC100.Metrics included thirteen biochemical indexes,such as albumin,and five coagulation indices,such as prothrombin time.Comparisons were drawn against the PUSHKANG POCT analyzer.Bland-Altman plots(MS100:0.8206-0.9995;MC100:0.8318-0.9911)evinced significant consistency between methodologies.Spearman correlation pinpointed a potent linear association between conventional devices and the PUSHKANG POCT analyzer,further underscored by a robust correlation coefficient(MS100:0.713-0.949;MC100:0.593-0.950).The PUSHKANG POCT was validated as a dependable tool for serum and whole blood biochemical and coagulation diagnostics.This emphasizes its prospective clinical efficacy,offering clinicians a swift diagnostic tool and heralding a new era of enhanced patient care outcomes.
文摘This review describes the mechanisms of natural coagulants.It provides a good understanding of the two key processes of coagulation-flocculation:adsorption and charge neutralization,as well as adsorption and bridging.Various factors have influence the coagulation/flocculation process,including the effect of pH,coagulant dosage,coagulant type,temperature,initial turbidity,coagulation speed,flocculation speed,coagulation and flocculation time,settling time,colloidal particles,zeta potential,the effects of humic acids,and extraction density are explained.The bio-coagulants derived from plants are outlined.The impact of organic coagulants on water quality,focusing on their effects on the physicochemical parameters of water,heavy metals removal,and bacteriological water quality,is examined.The methods of extraction and purification of plant-based coagulants,highlighting techniques such as solvent extraction and ultrasonic extraction,are discussed.It also examines the parameters that influence these processes.The methods and principles of purification of coagulating agents,including dialysis,freeze-drying,ion exchange,electrophoresis,filtration,and centrifugation,are listed.Finally,it evaluates the sustainability of natural coagulants,focusing on the environmental,technical,and economic aspects of their use.At the end of this review,the readers should have a comprehensive understanding of the mechanisms,selection,extraction,purification,and sustainability of plant-based natural coagulants in water treatment.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.U1810205).
文摘The coagulation process is a widely applied technology in water and wastewater treatment.Novel composite polyferric mag-nesium-silicate-sulfate(PFMS)coagulants were synthesized using Na_(2)SiO_(3)·9H_(2)O,Fe_(2)(SO_(4))_(3),and MgSO_(4) as raw materials in this paper.The effects of aging time,Fe:Si:Mg,and OH:M molar ratios(M represents the metal ions)on the coagulation performance of the as-pre-pared PFMS were systematically investigated to obtain optimum coagulants.The results showed that PFMS coagulant exhibited good co-agulation properties in the treatment of simulated humic acid-kaolin surface water and reactive dye wastewater.When the molar ratio was controlled at Fe:Si:Mg=2:2:1 and OH:M=0.32,the obtained PFMS presented excellent stability and a high coagulation efficiency.The removal efficiency of ultraviolet UV254 was 99.81%,and the residual turbidity of the surface water reached 0.56 NTU at a dosage of 30 mg·L^(-1).After standing the coagulant for 120 d in the laboratory,the removal efficiency of UV254 and residual turbidity of the surface wa-ter were 88.12%and 0.68 NTU,respectively,which accord with the surface water treatment requirements.In addition,the coagulation performance in the treatment of reactive dye wastewater was greatly improved by combining the advantages of magnesium and iron salts.Compared with polyferric silicate-sulfate(PFS)and polymagnesium silicate-sulfate(PMS),the PFMS coagulant played a better decolor-ization role within the pH range of 7-13.
基金supported by grants from National Key R&D Program of China(No.2023YFC2507800)ECCM Program of Clinical Research Centre of Shandong University(No.2021SDUCRCB008)+2 种基金Young Taishan Scholar Foundation of Shandong Province(No.tsqn201812133)the Fundamental Research Funds of Shandong University(No.2020QNQT001)National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81900124).
文摘Objective Coagulation abnormalities are common and prognostically significant in intensive care units(ICUs)and are associated with increased mortality.This study aimed to explore the association between the levels of coagulation markers and the risk of mortality among ICU patients with coagulation abnormalities.Methods This retrospective study investigated patients with coagulation abnormalities in the ICU between January 2021 and December 2022.The initial point for detecting hemostatic biomarkers due to clinical assessment of coagulation abnormalities was designated day 0.Patients were followed up for 28 days,and multivariate logistic regression analysis was utilized to identify risk factors for mortality.Results Of the 451 patients analyzed,115 died,and 336 were alive at the end of the 28-day period.Multivariate analysis revealed that elevated thrombin-antithrombin complex(TAT),tissue plasminogen activator inhibitor complex(tPAIC),prolonged prothrombin time,and thrombocytopenia were independent risk factors for mortality.For nonovert disseminated intravascular coagulation(DIC)patients,older age and thrombocytopenia were associated with increased risks of mortality,whereas elevated levels of plasminα2-plasmin inhibitor complex(PIC)were found to be independent predictors of survival.In patients with overt DIC,elevated levels of tPAIC were independently associated with increased risks of mortality.Nevertheless,thrombocytopenia was independently associated with increased risks of mortality in patients with pre-DIC.Conclusion Coagulation markers such as the TAT,tPAIC,PIC,and platelet count were significantly associated with mortality,underscoring the importance of maintaining a balance between coagulation and fibrinolysis.These findings highlight the potential for targeted therapeutic interventions based on specific coagulation markers to improve patient outcomes.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2021YFC2501800)Shanghai Committee of Science and Technology(20Y11900100,21MC1930400,and 20DZ2261200)Clinical Research Plan of Shanghai Hospital Development Center(SHDC2020CR4059)。
文摘BACKGROUND:Disseminated intravascular coagulation(DIC)is associated with increased mortality in sepsis patients.In this study,we aimed to assess the clinical ability of sepsis-induced coagulopathy(SIC)and sepsis-associated coagulopathy(SAC)criteria in identifying overt-DIC and preDIC status in sepsis patients.METHODS:Data from 419 sepsis patients were retrospectively collected from July 2018 to December 2022.The performances of the SIC and SAC were assessed to identify overt-DIC on days 1,3,7,or 14.The SIC status or SIC score on day 1,the SAC status or SAC score on day 1,and the sum of the SIC or SAC scores on days 1 and 3 were compared in terms of their ability to identify pre-DIC.The SIC or SAC status on day 1 was evaluated as a pre-DIC indicator for anticoagulant initiation.RESULTS:On day 1,the incidences of coagulopathy according to overt-DIC,SIC and SAC criteria were 11.7%,22.0%and 31.5%,respectively.The specificity of SIC for identifying overt-DIC was significantly higher than that of the SAC criteria from day 1 to day 14(P<0.05).On day 1,the SIC score with a cut-off value>3 had a significantly higher sensitivity(72.00%)and area under the curve(AUC)(0.69)in identifying pre-DIC than did the SIC or SAC status(sensitivity:SIC status 44.00%,SAC status 52.00%;AUC:SIC status 0.62,SAC status 0.61).The sum of the SIC scores on days 1 and 3 had a higher AUC value for identifying the pre-DIC state than that of SAC(0.79 vs.0.69,P<0.001).Favorable effects of anticoagulant therapy were observed in SIC(adjusted hazard ratio[HR]=0.216,95%confidence interval[95%CI]:0.060–0.783,P=0.018)and SAC(adjusted HR=0.146,95%CI:0.041–0.513,P=0.003).CONCLUSION:The SIC and SAC seem to be valuable for predicting overt-DIC.The sum of SIC scores on days 1 and 3 has the potential to help identify pre-DIC.
