Phosphorus(P)is crucial for crop growth.However,in waters,P is considered as contaminant due to its role in causing eutrophication and algae blooms.Therefore,recovering P from wastewater is essential for sustainable P...Phosphorus(P)is crucial for crop growth.However,in waters,P is considered as contaminant due to its role in causing eutrophication and algae blooms.Therefore,recovering P from wastewater is essential for sustainable P management.This study investigated the removal of P from aqueous solutions using bioinspired poly(ethylenimine)-poly(acrylamideco-acrylic acid)(PEI-PAMcoAA)coacervates.In detail,we investigated various parameters affecting P removal,including the ratio of PEI to PAMcoAA(ranging from 1:2 to 3:1,stoichiometry ratio of NH_(2) to COOH),pH(5.0-8.0)of P-containing solutions,initial P concentration(0.05-5 mmol/L),and the addition of calcium(Ca,0.1-5 mmol/L).We found that increasing the PEI:PAMcoAA ratio from1:2 to 3:1 significantly enhanced P removal efficiency,increasing from 47.21%to 95.44%.Under neutral pH conditions without calcium(Ca),PEI-PAMcoAA coacervates demonstrated optimal P removal capabilities(achieving an efficiency of 77.96%)through electrostatic adsorption.In contrast,the addition of Ca under alkaline conditions markedly improved P removal efficiency,increasing it from 64.16%to 82.42%.Detailed analyses of P within the coacervates indicated that Ca facilitates P precipitation and provides additional binding sites.These findings demonstrated that PEI-(Ca)-PAMcoAA coacervates show promise for efficiently removing P,particularly at low P concentrations.After the Premoval,the immobilized P can potentially be reused directly,as P able to be released from the reacted products.Therefore,the reacted coacervates could serve as a non-toxic fertilizer.Given its simplicity,high efficiency,and environmental friendliness,P removal based on bioinspired coacervates represents a low-hanging fruit in the pursuit of sustainable P management.展开更多
The liquid-liquid phase separation of biopolymers in living cells contains multiple interactions and occurs in a dynamic environment.Resolving the regulation mechanism is still a challenge.In this work,we designed a s...The liquid-liquid phase separation of biopolymers in living cells contains multiple interactions and occurs in a dynamic environment.Resolving the regulation mechanism is still a challenge.In this work,we designed a series of peptides(XXLY)_(6)SSSGSS and studied their complexation and coacervation behavior with single-stranded oligonucleotides.The“X”and“Y”are varied to combine known amounts of charged and non-charged amino acids,together with the introduction of secondary structures and pH responsiveness.Results show that the electrostatic interaction,which is described as charge density,controls both the strength of complexation and the degree of chain relaxation,and thus determines the growth and size of the coacervates.The hydrophobic interaction is prominent when the charges are neutralized.Interestingly,the secondary structures of peptides exhibit profound effect on the morphology of the phases,such as solid phase to liquid phase transition.Our study gains insight into the phase separation under physiological conditions.It is also helpful to create coacervates with desirable structures and functions.展开更多
Recent progress in nanotechnology and synthetic biology has demonstrated the potential of DNA coacervates for biomimetic and biological applications.DNA coacervates are micron-scale,membrane-free,spherical structures ...Recent progress in nanotechnology and synthetic biology has demonstrated the potential of DNA coacervates for biomimetic and biological applications.DNA coacervates are micron-scale,membrane-free,spherical structures formed by liquid-liquid phase separation of DNA materials.They uniquely combine the programmability of DNA with the fluidic properties of coacervates,allowing for controlled modulation of their structures,biomimetic and biological functions,and dynamic behaviors through rational sequence design.This review summarizes methods for the formation of different DNA coacervates and explores their extensive applications in biomimicry,biosensing and therapeutics.Limitations and prospects of DNA coacervates are also discussed.展开更多
Low-molecular weight surfactants have significant potential as building blocks for prebiotic organization.However,reports about surfactant-based coacervates as protocell models capable of reversible transformation are...Low-molecular weight surfactants have significant potential as building blocks for prebiotic organization.However,reports about surfactant-based coacervates as protocell models capable of reversible transformation are scarce.Herein,we develop a simple system made of a surfactant(-)-N-dodecylN-methylephedrinium bromide(DMEB)and inorganic salts that is capable of spontaneous formation of vesicles,coacervates,and the reversible transformation between the two states.展开更多
Many functional coacervates have been identified in biological systems,which have attracted widespread interest.Coacervation is a liquid–liquid phase separation(LLPS)process in which a macromolecule-enriched liquid p...Many functional coacervates have been identified in biological systems,which have attracted widespread interest.Coacervation is a liquid–liquid phase separation(LLPS)process in which a macromolecule-enriched liquid phase is formed together with a macromolecule-depleted phase.Bio-inspired coacervates possess excellent features such as underwater delivery,low interface energy,shear thinning,and excellent biocompatibility.They also serve as good delivery platforms for different types of molecules.In this review,we briefly discuss some important extracellular coacervate systems,including mussel adhesives,sandcastle worm glue,squid beak,and tropoelastin.We then provide an overview of the recent development of bio-inspired functional coacervates for various biomedical applications,including medical adhesives,drug delivery,and tissue engineering.Bio-inspired functional coacervates offer a promising material platform for developing new materials for biomedical applications.展开更多
Using sodium laureth sulfate(AES)as reference,the effects of different pH values on the foam properties of four amino acid surfactants(sodium lauroyl sarcosinate,lauroyl alanine,disodium cocoyl glutamate,sodium methyl...Using sodium laureth sulfate(AES)as reference,the effects of different pH values on the foam properties of four amino acid surfactants(sodium lauroyl sarcosinate,lauroyl alanine,disodium cocoyl glutamate,sodium methyl cocoyl taurate)were compared.On the basis,the effects of amino acid surfactants on foam performance,flocculation behavior,hair color protection efficacy and sebum removal capacity were studied when AES was completely or partially replaced by amino acid surfactant,and the correlation between the structure of amino acid surfactant and these properties was discussed.Compared with AES,the foam performance of sodium lauroyl sarcosinate,lauroyl alanine and disodium cocoyl glutamate were significantly affected by pH value,and sodium methyl cocoyl taurate was less affected.The foam stability of shampoo system can be enhanced by the combination of amino acid surfactant,and the foam performance of shampoo system can be significantly improved by the combination of sodium methyl cocoyl taurate.All the four amino acid surfactants can prolong the flocculation time of shampoo,and the effect of disodium cocoyl glutamate was the most obvious.The hair color protection efficacy of disodium cocoyl glutamate and sodium methyl cocoyl taurate were better than AES.The degreasing power of disodium cocoyl glutamate was weaker than that of AES,and the degreasing power of sodium lauroyl sarcosinate,lauroyl alanine and sodium methyl cocoyl taurate were stronger than that of AES.展开更多
Oral ulcers are a common ulcerative injury that occurs in the oral mucosa.When occurring,they can cause mucosal pain and affect eating and communication.The oral cavity,characterized by its moist environment and const...Oral ulcers are a common ulcerative injury that occurs in the oral mucosa.When occurring,they can cause mucosal pain and affect eating and communication.The oral cavity,characterized by its moist environment and constant movement of the lips and tongue,presents challenges for conventional drug delivery systems due to its suboptimal adhesion.Therefore,there is a need for the development of adhesive materials specifically designed for use within the oral cavity.In this research,a sticky coacervate incorporating tea polyphenols(TP)was formulated based on the adhesive properties observed in sandcastle worms.The coacervate is composed of Pluronic F68(F68)and TP,synthesized through the coacervation reaction.The F68-TP coacervates are attached to porcine skin easily.It also reduces bacterial viability and has the ability to clear reactive oxygen species.In animal ulcer models,these coacervates demonstrate anti-inflammatory effects and enhance collagen and muscle fiber synthesis.Overall,these adhesive coacervates with antioxidative and antibacterial properties hold potential as a therapeutic option for oral ulcers in the oral cavity.展开更多
Significant progress has been made in wet adhesives for low salinity water,but exploration of general ionic adhesives for natural seawater is less developed because the high salinity could weaken interfacial bonding a...Significant progress has been made in wet adhesives for low salinity water,but exploration of general ionic adhesives for natural seawater is less developed because the high salinity could weaken interfacial bonding and shields electrostatic interactions,resulting in adhesion failure.Thus,the design of adhesives for natural seawater represents challenges less resolved.Herein,a cationic polyelectrolyte(PECHIA)containing imidazolacetonitrile unit was explored to prepare adhesives enabled by natural seawater.By combining the ion shielding effect with the“cation-dipole”interactions between PECHIA chains,aqueous solution of the PECHIA underwent coacervation and self-crosslinking in natural seawater,allowing for underwater adhesion to various substrates in seawater.The instantaneous lap-shear and tensile adhesion strengths are 47 and 119 kPa,respectively,while the cured adhesive shows~739 k Pa tensile adhesion in natural seawater.The design of PECHIA enables wet adhesives viable for applications in the diversified scenarios of natural seawater.展开更多
Coacervation of oxidized glutathione(GSSG)and a cationic surfactant,didodecyldimethylammonium bromide(DDAB),was constructed mainly driven by the electrostatic and hydrophobic interactions.The pH-dependent coacervate o...Coacervation of oxidized glutathione(GSSG)and a cationic surfactant,didodecyldimethylammonium bromide(DDAB),was constructed mainly driven by the electrostatic and hydrophobic interactions.The pH-dependent coacervate of GSSG-DDAB(1∶4,mol/mol)was analyzed.Under acidic and neutral conditions,a turbid suspension of droplets is observed,and alkaline pH results in the phase separation of coacervates as the top phase.The coacervate phase exhibits good performance(extraction efficiency>85%)in extracting several dyes from water,including brilliant yellow,acid red 13,cresyl violet acetate,eriochrom blue SE,and 4-hydroxyazobenzene.The dyes are added into the suspension in acidic conditions.Then,the dyes are enriched and extracted along with the coacervates as the top phase when pH is adjusted to~10.Coacervation of GSSG with DDAB provides a simple approach to extract organic pollutants in wastewater treatment.展开更多
Adhesives have attracted a great deal of attention as an advanced modality in biomedical engineering because of their unique wound management behavior.However,it is a grand challenge for current adhesive systems to ac...Adhesives have attracted a great deal of attention as an advanced modality in biomedical engineering because of their unique wound management behavior.However,it is a grand challenge for current adhesive systems to achieve robust adhesion due to their tenuous interfacial bonding strength.Moreover,the absence of dynamic adaptability in conventional chemical adhesives restricts neoblasts around the wound from migrating to the site,resulting in an inferior tissue-regeneration effect.Herein,an extracellular matrix-derived biocomposite adhesive with robust adhesion and a real-time skin healing effect is well-engineered.Liquid–liquid phase separation is well-harnessed to drive the assembly of the biocomposite adhesive,with the active involvement of supramolecular interactions between chimeric protein and natural DNA,leading to a robustly reinforced adhesion performance.The bioadhesive exhibits outstanding adhesion and sealing behaviors,with a sheared adhesion strength of approximately 18 MPa,outperforming its reported counterparts.Moreover,the engineered bioderived components endow this adhesive material with biocompatibility and exceptional biological functions including the promotion of cell proliferation and migration,such that the use of this material eventually yields real-time in situ skin regeneration.This work opens up novel avenues for functionalized bioadhesive engineering and biomedical translations.展开更多
Hexafluoroisopropanol(HFIP)-induced sodium dodecyl sulfate/dodecyltrimethylammonium bromide(SDS/DTAB) catanionic surfactant coacervate extraction method coupled with high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC) was us...Hexafluoroisopropanol(HFIP)-induced sodium dodecyl sulfate/dodecyltrimethylammonium bromide(SDS/DTAB) catanionic surfactant coacervate extraction method coupled with high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC) was used to detect the migration of phthalates from disposable tablewares to drinking water. The concentration factors are larger than 82 and extraction recoveries over 53% for water samples spiked with 100 or 200 ng/m L phthalates. Limit of detection is in the range of 1.0–2.6 ng/m L.Good linearity with correlation coefficients larger than 0.9985 is obtained in the concentration of20–1500 or 40–3000 ng/m L. Relative recoveries are from 82.4% to 123.6% for water samples spiked with30/60, 250/500, and 1500/3000 ng/m L phthalates, respectively. Relative standard deviations(RSDs) are0.4%–7.4% for intraday precision(n = 5) and 0.6%–7.8% for interday precision(n = 3). Four of studied phthalates are found in the drinking water samples prepared from four kinds of tablewares.展开更多
Distribution of TX114 between coacervate and aqueous phases in clouding of various initial TX114 concentrations was studied. Effects of temperature and salinity （Na2SO4） on the distribution of TX114 concentration we...Distribution of TX114 between coacervate and aqueous phases in clouding of various initial TX114 concentrations was studied. Effects of temperature and salinity （Na2SO4） on the distribution of TX114 concentration were also investigated. Differing from the nonionic surfactant C12E10, the distribution of TX114 is sensitive to the temperature, and it is observed that the TX114 concentration in the aqueous phase （Caq） does not depend on the initial TX114 concentration apparently at 45℃, and the Caq decreases with an increase of NazSO4 concentration. Low initial TX114 concentration in unclouded solutions, high Na2SO4 concentration, and temperature are suggested to control the surfactant loss in large-scale cloud point extraction applications.展开更多
Complex coacervation of whey protein（WP） with acacia gum（AG） was carried out in water with the presence of dodecyl acetate （DA）,a component of insect sex pheromones,in order to obtain microcapsules with DA as th...Complex coacervation of whey protein（WP） with acacia gum（AG） was carried out in water with the presence of dodecyl acetate （DA）,a component of insect sex pheromones,in order to obtain microcapsules with DA as the core material and WP-AG coacervate as the wall materials.Through variations in wall/core ratios,concentrations of the wall materials in capsule preparations,DA encapsulation was optimized,which showed a high DA encapsulation was achieved when coacervation was conducted at pH 3.5 with wall/core mass ratio at 3 combined with concentration of wall materials at 1.0 wt%.Morphology and the structure of DA loaded microcapsules were examined by scanning electron microscope,which showed the microcapsules were of core/shell structure with DA encapsulated in the inner of the microcapsules.DA release was examined and the behavior of the release was discussed.展开更多
In order to overcome all encapsulation variations during a complex coacervation process, the replacement of gelatin cationic polymer has been performed using p(AMA). The synthesis of p(AMA) was realized through a rand...In order to overcome all encapsulation variations during a complex coacervation process, the replacement of gelatin cationic polymer has been performed using p(AMA). The synthesis of p(AMA) was realized through a random radical methodology. Under these conditions a polymer with 18,600 g/mol was found appropriate for optimal capsule yield and physico-chemical properties. Turbidity measurements performed during the coacervation reactions with different ratios of both CMC and p(AMA) allowed optimizing coacervation conditions. Coacervates characterizations particularly demonstrate the stability of the capsules exhibiting a break strength over 3 N/m<sup>2</sup>.展开更多
Insufficient metabolic energy,in the form of adenosine triphosphate(ATP),and bacterial infections are among the main causes for the development of chronic wounds.Previously we showed that the physi-ological inorganic ...Insufficient metabolic energy,in the form of adenosine triphosphate(ATP),and bacterial infections are among the main causes for the development of chronic wounds.Previously we showed that the physi-ological inorganic polymer polyphosphate(polyP)massively accelerates wound healing both in animals(diabetic mice)and,when incorporated into mats,in patients with chronic wounds.Here,we focused on a hydrogel-based gel formulation,supplemented with both soluble sodium polyP(Na-polyP)and amor-phous calcium polyP nanoparticles(Ca-polyP-NP).Exposure of human epidermal keratinocytes to the gel caused a significant increase in extracellular ATP level,an effect that was even enhanced when Na-polyP was combined with Ca-polyP-NP.Furthermore,it is shown that the added polyP in the gel is converted into a coacervate,leading to encapsulation and killing of bacteria.The data on human chronic wounds showed that the administration of hydrogel leads to the complete closure of these wounds.Histological analysis of biopsies showed an increased granulation of the wounds and an enhanced microvessel forma-tion.The results indicate that the polyP hydrogel,due to its properties to entrap bacteria and generate metabolic energy,is a very promising formulation for a new therapy for chronic wounds.展开更多
With Perfume as core and gelatin-gum arabic as mem-brane,a series of microcapsules were prepared by meansof complex coacervation at various technical conditions.Their interior and outer diameters and membrane thick-ne...With Perfume as core and gelatin-gum arabic as mem-brane,a series of microcapsules were prepared by meansof complex coacervation at various technical conditions.Their interior and outer diameters and membrane thick-nesses were measured and the effects of preparation tech-niques on microcapsule properties were revealed.展开更多
The experiment adopts complex coacervation to prepare microcapsules. Through the experimental comparison, soybean protein isolated-maltodextrin is determined as the wall material for the experimental preparation of th...The experiment adopts complex coacervation to prepare microcapsules. Through the experimental comparison, soybean protein isolated-maltodextrin is determined as the wall material for the experimental preparation of the microcapsules of kiwi fruit seed oil. This paper researched the effects of wall material concentration, core wall ratio and other factors on complex coacervation of kiwi fruit seed oil microcapsules embedding rate, determining that the best wall material concentration is 1%, core wall ratio is 1:1, and the optimum pH ratio is 3.0, temperature is 40°C, and the optimum curing time is 6 hours. The experiment carried out half life research on the microcapsules prepared by the complex coacervation of kiwi fruit seed oil microcapsule. By calculation: the degradation rate constant of kiwi fruit seed oil microcapsules prepared by complex coacervation is 2.793. According to the regression equation it can calculate the half life of kiwi fruit seed oil microcapsules is 18.58 months, about a year and a half.展开更多
Discharge of whey proteins is still a current practice by small cheese producers. The development of low-cost alternatives for recovery of these proteins is fundamental for small producers who cannot apply expensive t...Discharge of whey proteins is still a current practice by small cheese producers. The development of low-cost alternatives for recovery of these proteins is fundamental for small producers who cannot apply expensive techniques. The present study investigated the complex coacervation technique as a cheap technology to recover proteins from sweet whey using carboxymethylcellulose, and the coacervate used as an ingredient in the formulation of probiotic fermented milk. The nutritional properties of whey-carboxymethylcellulose coacervates (WP-CMC) were evaluated in trials with animals (rats) using casein as a reference. All these parameters—the coefficient of feed efficiency (CEA), protein digestibility-corrected amino acid score (PDCAAS), and net protein ratio (NPR), as well as weight gain—were determined to evaluate protein quality. A sensory acceptance test was applied to evaluate the sensory characteristics of the product. The complex coacervation technique recovered 86% of the protein from sweet whey. No significant (p > 0.05) differences were observed in the biological tests for both groups (WP-CMC and Casein groups) when NPR (4.98 to 5.04), digestibility (92.35 to 90.64), and CEA (0.40 to 0.42) were evaluated. Probiotic fermented milk beverage containing WP-CMC (0.78%) and guar gum (0.68%) presented good acceptability as determined by sensory evaluation. WP-CMC can be considered an ingredient with high nutritional and biological value that could be applied in probiotic fermented milk as an alternative to small producers to allocate the residual whey from cheese manufacture.展开更多
The microstructure of CdI2 thin film grown during vapor-phase deposition was investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The thin film deposited on Si crystal consists of numerous sunflower-like aggregates. Th...The microstructure of CdI2 thin film grown during vapor-phase deposition was investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The thin film deposited on Si crystal consists of numerous sunflower-like aggregates. These aggregates display well self-assembly characteristics. The size of Sunflower-like aggregates is between 12 and 44 μm. Each sunflower-like aggregate is surrounded with many adjacent wings-'petals'. The structure of central region of the 'sunflower' is obviously difFerent from that of the 'petal'. Electron spectroscopy for chemical analysis (ESCA) was employed in determining the chemical valence of the thin film. Self-organization efFect is used to explain the coring growth process of CdI2 thin film展开更多
We report a method for the coacervation micro-encapsulation of several forms of CaCO3 microparticles with the fluoropolymer poly(heptadecafluorodecyl acrylate) (poly (HDFDA)) by pressure-induced phase separation of a ...We report a method for the coacervation micro-encapsulation of several forms of CaCO3 microparticles with the fluoropolymer poly(heptadecafluorodecyl acrylate) (poly (HDFDA)) by pressure-induced phase separation of a supercritical CO2 solution.? A suspension of CaCO3 in CO2 and dissolved poly(HDFDA) were mixed in supercritical CO2.? After the system pressure was slowly decreased to atmospheric pressure, the microcapsules were obtained.? Coacervation was achieved by the precipitation of poly(HDFDA) during the decrease in the pressure of CO2;the solubility of poly(HDFDA) in CO2 decreased with the pressure.? The structure and morphology of the microparticles were investigated by using a scanning electron microscope (SEM) and an electron probe microanalyzer (EPMA) equipped with a wavelength dispersive X-ray spectroscope (WDX).展开更多
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Nos.2023YFD1900602 and 2023YFD1900605)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.SWU-KR24036)the Visiting Training Funds for Teachers from Ordinary Undergraduate Colleges and Universities in Shandong Province.
文摘Phosphorus(P)is crucial for crop growth.However,in waters,P is considered as contaminant due to its role in causing eutrophication and algae blooms.Therefore,recovering P from wastewater is essential for sustainable P management.This study investigated the removal of P from aqueous solutions using bioinspired poly(ethylenimine)-poly(acrylamideco-acrylic acid)(PEI-PAMcoAA)coacervates.In detail,we investigated various parameters affecting P removal,including the ratio of PEI to PAMcoAA(ranging from 1:2 to 3:1,stoichiometry ratio of NH_(2) to COOH),pH(5.0-8.0)of P-containing solutions,initial P concentration(0.05-5 mmol/L),and the addition of calcium(Ca,0.1-5 mmol/L).We found that increasing the PEI:PAMcoAA ratio from1:2 to 3:1 significantly enhanced P removal efficiency,increasing from 47.21%to 95.44%.Under neutral pH conditions without calcium(Ca),PEI-PAMcoAA coacervates demonstrated optimal P removal capabilities(achieving an efficiency of 77.96%)through electrostatic adsorption.In contrast,the addition of Ca under alkaline conditions markedly improved P removal efficiency,increasing it from 64.16%to 82.42%.Detailed analyses of P within the coacervates indicated that Ca facilitates P precipitation and provides additional binding sites.These findings demonstrated that PEI-(Ca)-PAMcoAA coacervates show promise for efficiently removing P,particularly at low P concentrations.After the Premoval,the immobilized P can potentially be reused directly,as P able to be released from the reacted products.Therefore,the reacted coacervates could serve as a non-toxic fertilizer.Given its simplicity,high efficiency,and environmental friendliness,P removal based on bioinspired coacervates represents a low-hanging fruit in the pursuit of sustainable P management.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.21973002).
文摘The liquid-liquid phase separation of biopolymers in living cells contains multiple interactions and occurs in a dynamic environment.Resolving the regulation mechanism is still a challenge.In this work,we designed a series of peptides(XXLY)_(6)SSSGSS and studied their complexation and coacervation behavior with single-stranded oligonucleotides.The“X”and“Y”are varied to combine known amounts of charged and non-charged amino acids,together with the introduction of secondary structures and pH responsiveness.Results show that the electrostatic interaction,which is described as charge density,controls both the strength of complexation and the degree of chain relaxation,and thus determines the growth and size of the coacervates.The hydrophobic interaction is prominent when the charges are neutralized.Interestingly,the secondary structures of peptides exhibit profound effect on the morphology of the phases,such as solid phase to liquid phase transition.Our study gains insight into the phase separation under physiological conditions.It is also helpful to create coacervates with desirable structures and functions.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Project,China(No.2020YFA0909000)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.22107027)+4 种基金the Science and Technology Innovation Program of Hunan Province(No.2024RC3099)the Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province,China(No.2023JJ20003)the Scientific Research Program of Furong Laboratory,China(No.2023SK2088)Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(No.2022A1515220118)the Hunan Provincial Innovation Foundation for Postgraduate,China(No.CX20230409).
文摘Recent progress in nanotechnology and synthetic biology has demonstrated the potential of DNA coacervates for biomimetic and biological applications.DNA coacervates are micron-scale,membrane-free,spherical structures formed by liquid-liquid phase separation of DNA materials.They uniquely combine the programmability of DNA with the fluidic properties of coacervates,allowing for controlled modulation of their structures,biomimetic and biological functions,and dynamic behaviors through rational sequence design.This review summarizes methods for the formation of different DNA coacervates and explores their extensive applications in biomimicry,biosensing and therapeutics.Limitations and prospects of DNA coacervates are also discussed.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(grant nos.21972149,21988102,21811530002,21633002,and 21761142007).
文摘Low-molecular weight surfactants have significant potential as building blocks for prebiotic organization.However,reports about surfactant-based coacervates as protocell models capable of reversible transformation are scarce.Herein,we develop a simple system made of a surfactant(-)-N-dodecylN-methylephedrinium bromide(DMEB)and inorganic salts that is capable of spontaneous formation of vesicles,coacervates,and the reversible transformation between the two states.
基金Singapore National Research Fellowship,Grant/Award Number:NRF-NRFF11-2019-0004Singapore Ministry of Education,Grant/Award Number:MOE-T2EP30220-0006。
文摘Many functional coacervates have been identified in biological systems,which have attracted widespread interest.Coacervation is a liquid–liquid phase separation(LLPS)process in which a macromolecule-enriched liquid phase is formed together with a macromolecule-depleted phase.Bio-inspired coacervates possess excellent features such as underwater delivery,low interface energy,shear thinning,and excellent biocompatibility.They also serve as good delivery platforms for different types of molecules.In this review,we briefly discuss some important extracellular coacervate systems,including mussel adhesives,sandcastle worm glue,squid beak,and tropoelastin.We then provide an overview of the recent development of bio-inspired functional coacervates for various biomedical applications,including medical adhesives,drug delivery,and tissue engineering.Bio-inspired functional coacervates offer a promising material platform for developing new materials for biomedical applications.
文摘Using sodium laureth sulfate(AES)as reference,the effects of different pH values on the foam properties of four amino acid surfactants(sodium lauroyl sarcosinate,lauroyl alanine,disodium cocoyl glutamate,sodium methyl cocoyl taurate)were compared.On the basis,the effects of amino acid surfactants on foam performance,flocculation behavior,hair color protection efficacy and sebum removal capacity were studied when AES was completely or partially replaced by amino acid surfactant,and the correlation between the structure of amino acid surfactant and these properties was discussed.Compared with AES,the foam performance of sodium lauroyl sarcosinate,lauroyl alanine and disodium cocoyl glutamate were significantly affected by pH value,and sodium methyl cocoyl taurate was less affected.The foam stability of shampoo system can be enhanced by the combination of amino acid surfactant,and the foam performance of shampoo system can be significantly improved by the combination of sodium methyl cocoyl taurate.All the four amino acid surfactants can prolong the flocculation time of shampoo,and the effect of disodium cocoyl glutamate was the most obvious.The hair color protection efficacy of disodium cocoyl glutamate and sodium methyl cocoyl taurate were better than AES.The degreasing power of disodium cocoyl glutamate was weaker than that of AES,and the degreasing power of sodium lauroyl sarcosinate,lauroyl alanine and sodium methyl cocoyl taurate were stronger than that of AES.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation(No.32271468)Sichuan Science and Technology Program(No.2021JDTD0001)+2 种基金1·3·5 Project for disciplines of excellence,West China Hospital,Sichuan University(No.ZYYC23005)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.2022SCU12046)Innovation Research Project of Sichuan University(No.2022SCUH0046).
文摘Oral ulcers are a common ulcerative injury that occurs in the oral mucosa.When occurring,they can cause mucosal pain and affect eating and communication.The oral cavity,characterized by its moist environment and constant movement of the lips and tongue,presents challenges for conventional drug delivery systems due to its suboptimal adhesion.Therefore,there is a need for the development of adhesive materials specifically designed for use within the oral cavity.In this research,a sticky coacervate incorporating tea polyphenols(TP)was formulated based on the adhesive properties observed in sandcastle worms.The coacervate is composed of Pluronic F68(F68)and TP,synthesized through the coacervation reaction.The F68-TP coacervates are attached to porcine skin easily.It also reduces bacterial viability and has the ability to clear reactive oxygen species.In animal ulcer models,these coacervates demonstrate anti-inflammatory effects and enhance collagen and muscle fiber synthesis.Overall,these adhesive coacervates with antioxidative and antibacterial properties hold potential as a therapeutic option for oral ulcers in the oral cavity.
基金financially supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2022YFB3805103)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.22178139)。
文摘Significant progress has been made in wet adhesives for low salinity water,but exploration of general ionic adhesives for natural seawater is less developed because the high salinity could weaken interfacial bonding and shields electrostatic interactions,resulting in adhesion failure.Thus,the design of adhesives for natural seawater represents challenges less resolved.Herein,a cationic polyelectrolyte(PECHIA)containing imidazolacetonitrile unit was explored to prepare adhesives enabled by natural seawater.By combining the ion shielding effect with the“cation-dipole”interactions between PECHIA chains,aqueous solution of the PECHIA underwent coacervation and self-crosslinking in natural seawater,allowing for underwater adhesion to various substrates in seawater.The instantaneous lap-shear and tensile adhesion strengths are 47 and 119 kPa,respectively,while the cured adhesive shows~739 k Pa tensile adhesion in natural seawater.The design of PECHIA enables wet adhesives viable for applications in the diversified scenarios of natural seawater.
文摘Coacervation of oxidized glutathione(GSSG)and a cationic surfactant,didodecyldimethylammonium bromide(DDAB),was constructed mainly driven by the electrostatic and hydrophobic interactions.The pH-dependent coacervate of GSSG-DDAB(1∶4,mol/mol)was analyzed.Under acidic and neutral conditions,a turbid suspension of droplets is observed,and alkaline pH results in the phase separation of coacervates as the top phase.The coacervate phase exhibits good performance(extraction efficiency>85%)in extracting several dyes from water,including brilliant yellow,acid red 13,cresyl violet acetate,eriochrom blue SE,and 4-hydroxyazobenzene.The dyes are added into the suspension in acidic conditions.Then,the dyes are enriched and extracted along with the coacervates as the top phase when pH is adjusted to~10.Coacervation of GSSG with DDAB provides a simple approach to extract organic pollutants in wastewater treatment.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2022YFA0913200 and 2021YFB3502300)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22020102003,22125701,22277064,82272161,52222214,and 22107097)+3 种基金Beijing Municipal Science and Technology Commission(221100007422088)Beijing Nova Program(Z211100002121132)Beijing Natural Science Foundation(2222010)Xiangfu Lab Research Project(XF012022C0200)。
文摘Adhesives have attracted a great deal of attention as an advanced modality in biomedical engineering because of their unique wound management behavior.However,it is a grand challenge for current adhesive systems to achieve robust adhesion due to their tenuous interfacial bonding strength.Moreover,the absence of dynamic adaptability in conventional chemical adhesives restricts neoblasts around the wound from migrating to the site,resulting in an inferior tissue-regeneration effect.Herein,an extracellular matrix-derived biocomposite adhesive with robust adhesion and a real-time skin healing effect is well-engineered.Liquid–liquid phase separation is well-harnessed to drive the assembly of the biocomposite adhesive,with the active involvement of supramolecular interactions between chimeric protein and natural DNA,leading to a robustly reinforced adhesion performance.The bioadhesive exhibits outstanding adhesion and sealing behaviors,with a sheared adhesion strength of approximately 18 MPa,outperforming its reported counterparts.Moreover,the engineered bioderived components endow this adhesive material with biocompatibility and exceptional biological functions including the promotion of cell proliferation and migration,such that the use of this material eventually yields real-time in situ skin regeneration.This work opens up novel avenues for functionalized bioadhesive engineering and biomedical translations.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant no.81373045)the Provincial Natural Science Foundation of Hubei of China(Grant no.2015CFA139)
文摘Hexafluoroisopropanol(HFIP)-induced sodium dodecyl sulfate/dodecyltrimethylammonium bromide(SDS/DTAB) catanionic surfactant coacervate extraction method coupled with high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC) was used to detect the migration of phthalates from disposable tablewares to drinking water. The concentration factors are larger than 82 and extraction recoveries over 53% for water samples spiked with 100 or 200 ng/m L phthalates. Limit of detection is in the range of 1.0–2.6 ng/m L.Good linearity with correlation coefficients larger than 0.9985 is obtained in the concentration of20–1500 or 40–3000 ng/m L. Relative recoveries are from 82.4% to 123.6% for water samples spiked with30/60, 250/500, and 1500/3000 ng/m L phthalates, respectively. Relative standard deviations(RSDs) are0.4%–7.4% for intraday precision(n = 5) and 0.6%–7.8% for interday precision(n = 3). Four of studied phthalates are found in the drinking water samples prepared from four kinds of tablewares.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China （20676069）.
文摘Distribution of TX114 between coacervate and aqueous phases in clouding of various initial TX114 concentrations was studied. Effects of temperature and salinity （Na2SO4） on the distribution of TX114 concentration were also investigated. Differing from the nonionic surfactant C12E10, the distribution of TX114 is sensitive to the temperature, and it is observed that the TX114 concentration in the aqueous phase （Caq） does not depend on the initial TX114 concentration apparently at 45℃, and the Caq decreases with an increase of NazSO4 concentration. Low initial TX114 concentration in unclouded solutions, high Na2SO4 concentration, and temperature are suggested to control the surfactant loss in large-scale cloud point extraction applications.
文摘Complex coacervation of whey protein（WP） with acacia gum（AG） was carried out in water with the presence of dodecyl acetate （DA）,a component of insect sex pheromones,in order to obtain microcapsules with DA as the core material and WP-AG coacervate as the wall materials.Through variations in wall/core ratios,concentrations of the wall materials in capsule preparations,DA encapsulation was optimized,which showed a high DA encapsulation was achieved when coacervation was conducted at pH 3.5 with wall/core mass ratio at 3 combined with concentration of wall materials at 1.0 wt%.Morphology and the structure of DA loaded microcapsules were examined by scanning electron microscope,which showed the microcapsules were of core/shell structure with DA encapsulated in the inner of the microcapsules.DA release was examined and the behavior of the release was discussed.
文摘In order to overcome all encapsulation variations during a complex coacervation process, the replacement of gelatin cationic polymer has been performed using p(AMA). The synthesis of p(AMA) was realized through a random radical methodology. Under these conditions a polymer with 18,600 g/mol was found appropriate for optimal capsule yield and physico-chemical properties. Turbidity measurements performed during the coacervation reactions with different ratios of both CMC and p(AMA) allowed optimizing coacervation conditions. Coacervates characterizations particularly demonstrate the stability of the capsules exhibiting a break strength over 3 N/m<sup>2</sup>.
基金We are very much grateful to Dr.Beate Weidenthaler-Barth(De-partment of Dermatology,University Clinic Mainz)for the very expert histological analyses and the permission to include the images in this study.Moreover,we thank Mrs.Kerstin Bahr,Institute of Functional and Clinical Anatomy,University Medical Center,Mainz(Germany)for her continuous support.In addition,we are thankful to Mrs.Franziska S.Kranz(Medical Center of the Jo-hannes Gutenberg University,Mainz)for her important support.W.E.G.Müller is the holder of an ERC Advanced Investigator Grant(Grant No.268476)In addition,W.E.G.Müller has obtained three ERC-PoC grants(Si-Bone-PoC,Grant No.324564,MorphoVES-PoC,Grant No.662486,and ArthroDUR,Grant No.767234)+3 种基金In addition,this work was supported by grants from the European Commission(Grant Nos.604036 and 311848)the International Human Frontier Science Program,and the BiomaTiCS research initiative of the University Medical Center,Mainz.Further support came from the BMBF(Grant No.13GW0403A/B-SKIN-ENERGY)the BMWi(Grant No.ZF4294002AP9)the China National Key R&D Plan:China-German Cooperation(Grant No.2018YFE0194300).
文摘Insufficient metabolic energy,in the form of adenosine triphosphate(ATP),and bacterial infections are among the main causes for the development of chronic wounds.Previously we showed that the physi-ological inorganic polymer polyphosphate(polyP)massively accelerates wound healing both in animals(diabetic mice)and,when incorporated into mats,in patients with chronic wounds.Here,we focused on a hydrogel-based gel formulation,supplemented with both soluble sodium polyP(Na-polyP)and amor-phous calcium polyP nanoparticles(Ca-polyP-NP).Exposure of human epidermal keratinocytes to the gel caused a significant increase in extracellular ATP level,an effect that was even enhanced when Na-polyP was combined with Ca-polyP-NP.Furthermore,it is shown that the added polyP in the gel is converted into a coacervate,leading to encapsulation and killing of bacteria.The data on human chronic wounds showed that the administration of hydrogel leads to the complete closure of these wounds.Histological analysis of biopsies showed an increased granulation of the wounds and an enhanced microvessel forma-tion.The results indicate that the polyP hydrogel,due to its properties to entrap bacteria and generate metabolic energy,is a very promising formulation for a new therapy for chronic wounds.
文摘With Perfume as core and gelatin-gum arabic as mem-brane,a series of microcapsules were prepared by meansof complex coacervation at various technical conditions.Their interior and outer diameters and membrane thick-nesses were measured and the effects of preparation tech-niques on microcapsule properties were revealed.
文摘The experiment adopts complex coacervation to prepare microcapsules. Through the experimental comparison, soybean protein isolated-maltodextrin is determined as the wall material for the experimental preparation of the microcapsules of kiwi fruit seed oil. This paper researched the effects of wall material concentration, core wall ratio and other factors on complex coacervation of kiwi fruit seed oil microcapsules embedding rate, determining that the best wall material concentration is 1%, core wall ratio is 1:1, and the optimum pH ratio is 3.0, temperature is 40°C, and the optimum curing time is 6 hours. The experiment carried out half life research on the microcapsules prepared by the complex coacervation of kiwi fruit seed oil microcapsule. By calculation: the degradation rate constant of kiwi fruit seed oil microcapsules prepared by complex coacervation is 2.793. According to the regression equation it can calculate the half life of kiwi fruit seed oil microcapsules is 18.58 months, about a year and a half.
文摘Discharge of whey proteins is still a current practice by small cheese producers. The development of low-cost alternatives for recovery of these proteins is fundamental for small producers who cannot apply expensive techniques. The present study investigated the complex coacervation technique as a cheap technology to recover proteins from sweet whey using carboxymethylcellulose, and the coacervate used as an ingredient in the formulation of probiotic fermented milk. The nutritional properties of whey-carboxymethylcellulose coacervates (WP-CMC) were evaluated in trials with animals (rats) using casein as a reference. All these parameters—the coefficient of feed efficiency (CEA), protein digestibility-corrected amino acid score (PDCAAS), and net protein ratio (NPR), as well as weight gain—were determined to evaluate protein quality. A sensory acceptance test was applied to evaluate the sensory characteristics of the product. The complex coacervation technique recovered 86% of the protein from sweet whey. No significant (p > 0.05) differences were observed in the biological tests for both groups (WP-CMC and Casein groups) when NPR (4.98 to 5.04), digestibility (92.35 to 90.64), and CEA (0.40 to 0.42) were evaluated. Probiotic fermented milk beverage containing WP-CMC (0.78%) and guar gum (0.68%) presented good acceptability as determined by sensory evaluation. WP-CMC can be considered an ingredient with high nutritional and biological value that could be applied in probiotic fermented milk as an alternative to small producers to allocate the residual whey from cheese manufacture.
文摘The microstructure of CdI2 thin film grown during vapor-phase deposition was investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The thin film deposited on Si crystal consists of numerous sunflower-like aggregates. These aggregates display well self-assembly characteristics. The size of Sunflower-like aggregates is between 12 and 44 μm. Each sunflower-like aggregate is surrounded with many adjacent wings-'petals'. The structure of central region of the 'sunflower' is obviously difFerent from that of the 'petal'. Electron spectroscopy for chemical analysis (ESCA) was employed in determining the chemical valence of the thin film. Self-organization efFect is used to explain the coring growth process of CdI2 thin film
文摘We report a method for the coacervation micro-encapsulation of several forms of CaCO3 microparticles with the fluoropolymer poly(heptadecafluorodecyl acrylate) (poly (HDFDA)) by pressure-induced phase separation of a supercritical CO2 solution.? A suspension of CaCO3 in CO2 and dissolved poly(HDFDA) were mixed in supercritical CO2.? After the system pressure was slowly decreased to atmospheric pressure, the microcapsules were obtained.? Coacervation was achieved by the precipitation of poly(HDFDA) during the decrease in the pressure of CO2;the solubility of poly(HDFDA) in CO2 decreased with the pressure.? The structure and morphology of the microparticles were investigated by using a scanning electron microscope (SEM) and an electron probe microanalyzer (EPMA) equipped with a wavelength dispersive X-ray spectroscope (WDX).
