The merits of CO2 capture and storage to the environmental stability of our world should not be underestimated as emissions of greenhouse gases cause serious problems.It represents the only technology that might rid o...The merits of CO2 capture and storage to the environmental stability of our world should not be underestimated as emissions of greenhouse gases cause serious problems.It represents the only technology that might rid our atmosphere of the main anthropogenic gas while allowing for the continuous use of the fossil fuels which still power today’s world.Underground storage of CO2 involves the injection of CO2 into suitable geological formations and the monitoring of the injected plume over time,to ensure containment.Over the last two or three decades,attention has been paid to technology developments of carbon capture and sequestration.Therefore,it is high time to look at the research done so far.In this regard,a high-level review article is required to provide an overview of the status of carbon capture and sequestration research.This article presents a review of CO2 storage technologies which includes a background of essential concepts in storage,the physical processes involved,modeling procedures and simulators used,capacity estimation,measuring monitoring and verification techniques,risks and challenges involved and field-/pilot-scale projects.It is expected that the present review paper will help the researchers to gain a quick knowledge of CO2 sequestration for future research in this field.展开更多
为快速掌握区域内全部水泥企业的碳排放情况,在部分企业实际生产数据未知时,也能建立其生产碳排放清单,文中基于熟料生产特征,构建了可根据设备设计产能和运行时长两种参数来核算企业CO2排放的数值模型。以京津冀地区59条典型水泥熟料...为快速掌握区域内全部水泥企业的碳排放情况,在部分企业实际生产数据未知时,也能建立其生产碳排放清单,文中基于熟料生产特征,构建了可根据设备设计产能和运行时长两种参数来核算企业CO2排放的数值模型。以京津冀地区59条典型水泥熟料生产线的生产数据作为统计样本,借助Eviews对生产线的实际产能、熟料烧成煤耗与设计产能间的关系进行回归分析,并引入了生产时间修正系数,完成了CO2核算模型的建立。将其应用到京津冀地区全部106条水泥熟料生产线中,得出2018年度京津冀地区水泥熟料总产量,该核算值与数字水泥网发布的统计数据之间的相对误差均值为7.81%。通过核算,CO2直接排放系数为0.93 t CO2/t熟料,与国内均值相差7.27%。构建的核算模型与实际生产契合良好,更重要的是可以通过此数值模型自下而上建立区域内全部企业的CO2排放清单,实现较高时空精度的清单网格化,并可与现有卫星遥感探测、移动监测设备所得的数据形成比对,使水泥行业的碳监测和减排政策的制定更具针对性。展开更多
基于黄河小浪底人工混交林2008年的CO2浓度和碳通量数据,分析了不同天气条件下CO2浓度在时间和空间上的变化特征,对比了CO2浓度廓线法和涡度相关法估算的CO2储存通量,研究了CO2储存通量的日、季变化特征。结果表明:人工混交林冠层上方...基于黄河小浪底人工混交林2008年的CO2浓度和碳通量数据,分析了不同天气条件下CO2浓度在时间和空间上的变化特征,对比了CO2浓度廓线法和涡度相关法估算的CO2储存通量,研究了CO2储存通量的日、季变化特征。结果表明:人工混交林冠层上方月平均CO2浓度具有明显的季节变化规律。月平均CO2浓度最大值出现在3月(370μmol/mol),最低值出现在8月(347μmol/mol)。涡度相关法估算的CO2储存通量比廓线法所得结果偏低9%。生长季,冠层CO2储存通量和净生态系统碳交换量(NEE)日平均值分别为-0.0004和-0.091 mg CO2m-2s-1,冠层CO2储存通量在NEE中仅占0.4%。2008年CO2储存通量和NEE分别为-46.1、-1133 g CO2m-2a-1。在年尺度上,CO2储存通量占NEE的4.1%。因此,在日和年尺度上计算黄河小浪底人工混交林NEE时,CO2储存通量可以忽略。展开更多
基金support provided by the Department of Petroleum Engineering,Khalifa University of Science and Technology,Sas Al Nakhl Campus,Abu Dhabi,UAE
文摘The merits of CO2 capture and storage to the environmental stability of our world should not be underestimated as emissions of greenhouse gases cause serious problems.It represents the only technology that might rid our atmosphere of the main anthropogenic gas while allowing for the continuous use of the fossil fuels which still power today’s world.Underground storage of CO2 involves the injection of CO2 into suitable geological formations and the monitoring of the injected plume over time,to ensure containment.Over the last two or three decades,attention has been paid to technology developments of carbon capture and sequestration.Therefore,it is high time to look at the research done so far.In this regard,a high-level review article is required to provide an overview of the status of carbon capture and sequestration research.This article presents a review of CO2 storage technologies which includes a background of essential concepts in storage,the physical processes involved,modeling procedures and simulators used,capacity estimation,measuring monitoring and verification techniques,risks and challenges involved and field-/pilot-scale projects.It is expected that the present review paper will help the researchers to gain a quick knowledge of CO2 sequestration for future research in this field.
文摘为快速掌握区域内全部水泥企业的碳排放情况,在部分企业实际生产数据未知时,也能建立其生产碳排放清单,文中基于熟料生产特征,构建了可根据设备设计产能和运行时长两种参数来核算企业CO2排放的数值模型。以京津冀地区59条典型水泥熟料生产线的生产数据作为统计样本,借助Eviews对生产线的实际产能、熟料烧成煤耗与设计产能间的关系进行回归分析,并引入了生产时间修正系数,完成了CO2核算模型的建立。将其应用到京津冀地区全部106条水泥熟料生产线中,得出2018年度京津冀地区水泥熟料总产量,该核算值与数字水泥网发布的统计数据之间的相对误差均值为7.81%。通过核算,CO2直接排放系数为0.93 t CO2/t熟料,与国内均值相差7.27%。构建的核算模型与实际生产契合良好,更重要的是可以通过此数值模型自下而上建立区域内全部企业的CO2排放清单,实现较高时空精度的清单网格化,并可与现有卫星遥感探测、移动监测设备所得的数据形成比对,使水泥行业的碳监测和减排政策的制定更具针对性。
文摘基于黄河小浪底人工混交林2008年的CO2浓度和碳通量数据,分析了不同天气条件下CO2浓度在时间和空间上的变化特征,对比了CO2浓度廓线法和涡度相关法估算的CO2储存通量,研究了CO2储存通量的日、季变化特征。结果表明:人工混交林冠层上方月平均CO2浓度具有明显的季节变化规律。月平均CO2浓度最大值出现在3月(370μmol/mol),最低值出现在8月(347μmol/mol)。涡度相关法估算的CO2储存通量比廓线法所得结果偏低9%。生长季,冠层CO2储存通量和净生态系统碳交换量(NEE)日平均值分别为-0.0004和-0.091 mg CO2m-2s-1,冠层CO2储存通量在NEE中仅占0.4%。2008年CO2储存通量和NEE分别为-46.1、-1133 g CO2m-2a-1。在年尺度上,CO2储存通量占NEE的4.1%。因此,在日和年尺度上计算黄河小浪底人工混交林NEE时,CO2储存通量可以忽略。
