Medical Data Mining published an article entitled Mapping the global research trends and hotspots on hypertensive nephropathy:A novel bibliometrics overview on 10 October 2025.The author confirmed this article’s proo...Medical Data Mining published an article entitled Mapping the global research trends and hotspots on hypertensive nephropathy:A novel bibliometrics overview on 10 October 2025.The author confirmed this article’s proof on 28 September 2025 without any questions.However,on 13 November 2025,the Editorial Office of Medical Data Mining noticed an inconsistency between the data presented in the main text and Figure 1.Specifically,erroneous Figure 1 states“a total of 56,691 literatures were obtained through database search”,while the main text in the Search results section states“According to the search term,a total of 59,220 publications were retrieved from the database.”The authors acknowledge that the original version of Figure 1 was incorrect and have provided the revised,correct version in this corrigendum.The authors would like to assert that there is no change in the body text of the article.展开更多
Nanjing’s determination to transform itself from a production base to a research center reflects China’s evolution toward higher-quality development.A refrigerator that thaws frozen meat in 10 minutes and then keeps...Nanjing’s determination to transform itself from a production base to a research center reflects China’s evolution toward higher-quality development.A refrigerator that thaws frozen meat in 10 minutes and then keeps it fresh,a cooker hood that remains clean even after 10 years without disassembling it for cleaning.展开更多
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder and is the most prominent cause of dementia.In 2019,over 57.4million people were living with AD and other dementia subtypes,a number which is ex...Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder and is the most prominent cause of dementia.In 2019,over 57.4million people were living with AD and other dementia subtypes,a number which is expected to increase to over 152.8 million in the next 25years.This ever-increasing burden has resulted in AD and other neurodegenerative diseases rising to one of the top 10 causes of death globally (O'Connell et al.,2024).展开更多
This article focuses on a brief introduction of the teaching strategies of Co-operative Learning(CL). Some of the strategies are chosen to make certain changes in ELT field. It is proved that the Teaching Strategy of ...This article focuses on a brief introduction of the teaching strategies of Co-operative Learning(CL). Some of the strategies are chosen to make certain changes in ELT field. It is proved that the Teaching Strategy of CL can be applied in ELT, which makes the classroom teaching more efficient and arose learners’ interests. The Teaching Strategy of CL can help students improve their ability of learning and problem solving. It is a new breakthrough to the traditional teaching model.展开更多
Based on the overview of the role played by farmers' co-operatives in developing rural economy and existing problems,the thesis has introduced the factors which influence the development of farmers' co-operati...Based on the overview of the role played by farmers' co-operatives in developing rural economy and existing problems,the thesis has introduced the factors which influence the development of farmers' co-operatives including five aspects,namely conditions of scale economy,popularization and application of agricultural production technology,comparative advantage,market expectancy and government support.By analyzing typical cases of three co-operatives in Guangxi(Heng County Dadi Growing Co-operatives,talents-leading share-holding co-operatives;Long'an County Guixiniu Co-operatives,co-operatives led by leading-enterprise;Nanning City Tanluo Town Jinguang Fruits and Potatoes Co-operatives,co-operatives led by leading-enterprise),the way to develop farmers' co-operatives by dint of the external capital has been discussed.The results demonstrate that conditions of scale economy,popularization and application of agricultural production technology,comparative advantage,excellent market expectancy and government support,are conducive to absorbing external capital.Under China's existing economic conditions,the government should normalize the use and allocation procedure of program fund.展开更多
In many real-time resource-constrained embedded systems, highly-predictable system behavior is a key design requirement. The “time-triggered co-operative” (TTC) scheduling algorithm provides a good match for a wide ...In many real-time resource-constrained embedded systems, highly-predictable system behavior is a key design requirement. The “time-triggered co-operative” (TTC) scheduling algorithm provides a good match for a wide range of low-cost embedded applications. As a consequence of the resource, timing, and power constraints, the implementation of such algorithm is often far from trivial. Thus, basic implementation of TTC algorithm can result in excessive levels of task jitter which may jeopardize the predictability of many time-critical applications using this algorithm. This paper discusses the main sources of jitter in earlier TTC implementations and develops two alternative implementations – based on the employment of “sandwich delay” (SD) mechanisms – to reduce task jitter in TTC system significantly. In addition to jitter levels at task release times, we also assess the CPU, memory and power requirements involved in practical implementations of the proposed schedulers. The paper concludes that the TTC scheduler implementation using “multiple timer interrupt” (MTI) technique achieves better performance in terms of timing behavior and resource utilization as opposed to the other implementation which is based on a simple SD mechanism. Use of MTI technique is also found to provide a simple solution to “task overrun” problem which may degrade the performance of many TTC systems.展开更多
Nowadays,chatting programs have become very popular among TV audience,because they are well integrated with information,entertainment and leisure.They can bring a lot of laughter as well as elicitation to the audience...Nowadays,chatting programs have become very popular among TV audience,because they are well integrated with information,entertainment and leisure.They can bring a lot of laughter as well as elicitation to the audience.However,with the sharp increase of chatting programs on television,some programs which are not well designed emerge at an amazing rate.Our au dience always have a bad feeling to these programs and even mislead by them.My paper analyzes some chatting programs from the perspective of Grice's co-operative principles,and gives some suggestion for how to make chatting program go more smoothly.展开更多
For centuries, groups of people desiring to supply themselves with goods, to market their products, or to obtain services of various kinds on a co-operative basis, have made increasing use of co-operative associations...For centuries, groups of people desiring to supply themselves with goods, to market their products, or to obtain services of various kinds on a co-operative basis, have made increasing use of co-operative associations to achieve these purposes. Duringthe period, legislation designed especially for the incorporation and conduct of such associations has been enacted by different counties. Since a co-operative is established and carried on by and for the use of its members, this essay makes a comparison between Canadian and Chinese co-operative laws in terms of membership in the aspects of qualifications, rights and obligations and withdrawal of membership, so as to probe the function of co-operative legislation and find some enlightment from it.展开更多
The working of a Mobile Ad hoc NETwork(MANET)relies on the supportive cooperation among the network nodes.But due to its intrinsic features,a misbehaving node can easily lead to a routing disorder.This paper presents ...The working of a Mobile Ad hoc NETwork(MANET)relies on the supportive cooperation among the network nodes.But due to its intrinsic features,a misbehaving node can easily lead to a routing disorder.This paper presents two trust-based routing schemes,namely Trust-based Self-Detection Routing(TSDR)and Trust-based Cooperative Routing(TCOR)designed with an Ad hoc On-demand Distance Vector(AODV)protocol.The proposed work covers a wide range of security challenges,including malicious node identification and prevention,accurate trust quantification,secure trust data sharing,and trusted route maintenance.This brings a prominent solution for mitigating misbehaving nodes and establishing efficient communication in MANET.It is empirically validated based on a performance comparison with the current Evolutionary Self-Cooperative Trust(ESCT)scheme,Generalized Trust Model(GTM),and the conventional AODV protocol.The extensive simulations are conducted against three different varying network scenarios.The results affirm the improved values of eight popular performance metrics overcoming the existing routing schemes.Among the two proposed works,TCOR is more suitable for highly scalable networks;TSDR suits,however,the MANET application better with its small size.This work thus makes a significant contribution to the research community,in contrast to many previous works focusing solely on specific security aspects,and results in a trade-off in the expected values of evaluation parameters and asserts their efficiency.展开更多
In this paper, time-optimal control problem for a liner n× n co-operative parabolic system involving Laplace operator is considered. This problem is, steering an initial state y(0)=u?, with control u?so that an o...In this paper, time-optimal control problem for a liner n× n co-operative parabolic system involving Laplace operator is considered. This problem is, steering an initial state y(0)=u?, with control u?so that an observation y(t) hitting a given target set in minimum time. First, the existence and uniqueness of solutions of such system under conditions on the coefficients are proved. Afterwards necessary and sufficient conditions of optimality are obtained. Finally a scaler case is given.展开更多
The present study was conducted in four districts of Telangana State of India with 120 respondents in which 60 were members and other 60 were non-members of DCSs （Dairy Co-operative Societies）/MPIs （Milk Producer I...The present study was conducted in four districts of Telangana State of India with 120 respondents in which 60 were members and other 60 were non-members of DCSs （Dairy Co-operative Societies）/MPIs （Milk Producer Institutions）. Constraints perceived in dairy farming and suggestions elicited by members and non-members were noted, tabulated and analyzed. The major constraints perceived by half or more than half of members were scarcity of water （91.67%）, lack of green fodder （88.33%）, preferring NS （natural service） than AI （Artificial Insemination） （83.33%）, negligence in feeding pregnant and dry animals （81.37%）, insufficient loan amount （78.33%）, tendency to feed only grass and brans （71.67%）, lack of availability of sufficient labour （70.00%）, lack of remunerative price for milk （66.67%）, high cost of feed （61.67%）, lack of fodder conservation （55.00%） and high cost of animals （50.00%）. Whereas major constraints perceived by non-members were scarcity of water （96.67%）, lack of green fodder （93.33%）, preferring NS than AI （88.33%）, lack of availability of sufficient labour （85.00%）, negligence in feeding pregnant and dry animals （83.33%）, tendency to feed only grass and brans （78.33%）, high cost of animals （75.00%）, complex procedure for obtaining loans （71.67%） and high cost of feed （66.67%）. Suggestions elicited by members majorly were providing subsidy for purchase of animals/providing loans on par with the cost of animal （81.67%）, enhancing the procurement price （70.00%）, providing more incentives （60.00%）, encouraging calf rearing （58.33%） and conducting frequent animal health camps （50.00%）. In case of non-members major suggestions elicited were conducting frequent animal health camps （68.33%） and providing subsidy on purchase of animals/providing loans on par with the cost of animal （58.33%）. Considering the above constraints perceived and suggestions elicited by dairy farmers a proper linkage strategy should be developed among private and public sectors in providing need based services to the dairy farmers.展开更多
This study elaborates that the economic growth of a country depending on not only the business performance of the investor owned firms （IOFs）, but also the business surplus of the cooperative organizations （Co-ops...This study elaborates that the economic growth of a country depending on not only the business performance of the investor owned firms （IOFs）, but also the business surplus of the cooperative organizations （Co-ops）. The policy maker should have the level of understanding and competence to blend five different factors related to organizational structure and business model of the Co-ops and the IOFs to the five similarities factors on the managerial approach of them into one marked. The study investigated five similarities factors and included into a conceptual structural model with its six measurement models, economic growth model, general national factor model, market and industry factors model, Co-ops/IOFs opportunities/threat model, Co-ops/IOFs strength /weakness model, and lastly the Co-ops/IOFs firm dynamic/active： sales, profit, and lost model. Reliability of the six similarities measurement models was tested by the Delphi technique with a sample of 33 respondents. The study found that, apart from the six measurement models, it also has two intervening factor variables that will reduce the power and magnitude of the economic growth which will come from mismanagement of policy maker： These factors are the different in intemational culture among countries, and the global warming and natural disaster from the excess consumption and excess production. These selfish, competition and economic greedy of people will lead to economic, social, and natural disaster problems. To reduce the socioeconomic disadvantages and global disaster, board＇s committee, and Co-ops manager as well as chief executive officer （CEO） of the IOFs must have a good understanding on these five similarities factors. Appropriate management of these five similarities factors will lead the firms to reach their high managerial efficiency, customer value, firm value, and finally economic growth.展开更多
1. On Chinese-foreign joint (co-operative) ventures(1) The conclusion of the letter ofintent on joint investment (co-operation) bythe Chinese and foreign parties.(2) New construction projects shall besubmitted to the ...1. On Chinese-foreign joint (co-operative) ventures(1) The conclusion of the letter ofintent on joint investment (co-operation) bythe Chinese and foreign parties.(2) New construction projects shall besubmitted to the provincial PlanningCommission for ratification; technicalinnovation projects shall be submitted to theProvincial Economic Commission forratification.(3) The contracting parties shall register thename of the joint venture with the provincialAdministration for Industry and Commerce.展开更多
Purpose:Evaluating the quality of academic journal articles is a time consuming but critical task for national research evaluation exercises,appointments and promotion.It is therefore important to investigate whether ...Purpose:Evaluating the quality of academic journal articles is a time consuming but critical task for national research evaluation exercises,appointments and promotion.It is therefore important to investigate whether Large Language Models(LLMs)can play a role in this process.Design/methodology/approach:This article assesses which ChatGPT inputs(full text without tables,figures,and references;title and abstract;title only)produce better quality score estimates,and the extent to which scores are affected by ChatGPT models and system prompts.Findings:The optimal input is the article title and abstract,with average ChatGPT scores based on these(30 iterations on a dataset of 51 papers)correlating at 0.67 with human scores,the highest ever reported.ChatGPT 4o is slightly better than 3.5-turbo(0.66),and 4o-mini(0.66).Research limitations:The data is a convenience sample of the work of a single author,it only includes one field,and the scores are self-evaluations.Practical implications:The results suggest that article full texts might confuse LLM research quality evaluations,even though complex system instructions for the task are more effective than simple ones.Thus,whilst abstracts contain insufficient information for a thorough assessment of rigour,they may contain strong pointers about originality and significance.Finally,linear regression can be used to convert the model scores into the human scale scores,which is 31%more accurate than guessing.Originality/value:This is the first systematic comparison of the impact of different prompts,parameters and inputs for ChatGPT research quality evaluations.展开更多
The journal Chemical Research in Chinese Universities is a comprehensive academic journal in the field of chemistry,published bimonthly since 1984.The journal publishes research articles,letters/communications and rev...The journal Chemical Research in Chinese Universities is a comprehensive academic journal in the field of chemistry,published bimonthly since 1984.The journal publishes research articles,letters/communications and reviews written by faculty members,researchers and postgraduates in universities,colleges and research institutes all over China and overseas.It reports the latest and the most creative results of important fundamental research in all aspects of chemistry and of developments with significant consequences across sub-disciplines.This journal is sponsored by Jilin University and mandated by the Ministry of Education of P.R.China.展开更多
The journal Chemical Research in Chinese Universities is a comprehensive academic journal in the field of chemistry,published bimonthly since 1984.The journal publishes research articles,letters/communications and rev...The journal Chemical Research in Chinese Universities is a comprehensive academic journal in the field of chemistry,published bimonthly since 1984.The journal publishes research articles,letters/communications and reviews written by faculty members,researchers and postgraduates in universities,colleges and research institutes all over China and overseas.It reports the latest and the most creative results of important fundamental research in all aspects of chemistry and of developments with significant consequences across sub-disciplines.This journal is sponsored by Jilin University and mandated by the Ministry of Education of P.R.China.展开更多
The journal Chemical Research in Chinese Universities is a comprehensive academic journal in the field of chemistry,published bimonthly since 1984.The journal publishes research articles,letters/communications and rev...The journal Chemical Research in Chinese Universities is a comprehensive academic journal in the field of chemistry,published bimonthly since 1984.The journal publishes research articles,letters/communications and reviews written by faculty members,researchers and postgraduates in universities,colleges and research institutes all over China and overseas.展开更多
文摘Medical Data Mining published an article entitled Mapping the global research trends and hotspots on hypertensive nephropathy:A novel bibliometrics overview on 10 October 2025.The author confirmed this article’s proof on 28 September 2025 without any questions.However,on 13 November 2025,the Editorial Office of Medical Data Mining noticed an inconsistency between the data presented in the main text and Figure 1.Specifically,erroneous Figure 1 states“a total of 56,691 literatures were obtained through database search”,while the main text in the Search results section states“According to the search term,a total of 59,220 publications were retrieved from the database.”The authors acknowledge that the original version of Figure 1 was incorrect and have provided the revised,correct version in this corrigendum.The authors would like to assert that there is no change in the body text of the article.
文摘Nanjing’s determination to transform itself from a production base to a research center reflects China’s evolution toward higher-quality development.A refrigerator that thaws frozen meat in 10 minutes and then keeps it fresh,a cooker hood that remains clean even after 10 years without disassembling it for cleaning.
文摘Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder and is the most prominent cause of dementia.In 2019,over 57.4million people were living with AD and other dementia subtypes,a number which is expected to increase to over 152.8 million in the next 25years.This ever-increasing burden has resulted in AD and other neurodegenerative diseases rising to one of the top 10 causes of death globally (O'Connell et al.,2024).
文摘This article focuses on a brief introduction of the teaching strategies of Co-operative Learning(CL). Some of the strategies are chosen to make certain changes in ELT field. It is proved that the Teaching Strategy of CL can be applied in ELT, which makes the classroom teaching more efficient and arose learners’ interests. The Teaching Strategy of CL can help students improve their ability of learning and problem solving. It is a new breakthrough to the traditional teaching model.
文摘Based on the overview of the role played by farmers' co-operatives in developing rural economy and existing problems,the thesis has introduced the factors which influence the development of farmers' co-operatives including five aspects,namely conditions of scale economy,popularization and application of agricultural production technology,comparative advantage,market expectancy and government support.By analyzing typical cases of three co-operatives in Guangxi(Heng County Dadi Growing Co-operatives,talents-leading share-holding co-operatives;Long'an County Guixiniu Co-operatives,co-operatives led by leading-enterprise;Nanning City Tanluo Town Jinguang Fruits and Potatoes Co-operatives,co-operatives led by leading-enterprise),the way to develop farmers' co-operatives by dint of the external capital has been discussed.The results demonstrate that conditions of scale economy,popularization and application of agricultural production technology,comparative advantage,excellent market expectancy and government support,are conducive to absorbing external capital.Under China's existing economic conditions,the government should normalize the use and allocation procedure of program fund.
文摘In many real-time resource-constrained embedded systems, highly-predictable system behavior is a key design requirement. The “time-triggered co-operative” (TTC) scheduling algorithm provides a good match for a wide range of low-cost embedded applications. As a consequence of the resource, timing, and power constraints, the implementation of such algorithm is often far from trivial. Thus, basic implementation of TTC algorithm can result in excessive levels of task jitter which may jeopardize the predictability of many time-critical applications using this algorithm. This paper discusses the main sources of jitter in earlier TTC implementations and develops two alternative implementations – based on the employment of “sandwich delay” (SD) mechanisms – to reduce task jitter in TTC system significantly. In addition to jitter levels at task release times, we also assess the CPU, memory and power requirements involved in practical implementations of the proposed schedulers. The paper concludes that the TTC scheduler implementation using “multiple timer interrupt” (MTI) technique achieves better performance in terms of timing behavior and resource utilization as opposed to the other implementation which is based on a simple SD mechanism. Use of MTI technique is also found to provide a simple solution to “task overrun” problem which may degrade the performance of many TTC systems.
文摘Nowadays,chatting programs have become very popular among TV audience,because they are well integrated with information,entertainment and leisure.They can bring a lot of laughter as well as elicitation to the audience.However,with the sharp increase of chatting programs on television,some programs which are not well designed emerge at an amazing rate.Our au dience always have a bad feeling to these programs and even mislead by them.My paper analyzes some chatting programs from the perspective of Grice's co-operative principles,and gives some suggestion for how to make chatting program go more smoothly.
文摘For centuries, groups of people desiring to supply themselves with goods, to market their products, or to obtain services of various kinds on a co-operative basis, have made increasing use of co-operative associations to achieve these purposes. Duringthe period, legislation designed especially for the incorporation and conduct of such associations has been enacted by different counties. Since a co-operative is established and carried on by and for the use of its members, this essay makes a comparison between Canadian and Chinese co-operative laws in terms of membership in the aspects of qualifications, rights and obligations and withdrawal of membership, so as to probe the function of co-operative legislation and find some enlightment from it.
文摘The working of a Mobile Ad hoc NETwork(MANET)relies on the supportive cooperation among the network nodes.But due to its intrinsic features,a misbehaving node can easily lead to a routing disorder.This paper presents two trust-based routing schemes,namely Trust-based Self-Detection Routing(TSDR)and Trust-based Cooperative Routing(TCOR)designed with an Ad hoc On-demand Distance Vector(AODV)protocol.The proposed work covers a wide range of security challenges,including malicious node identification and prevention,accurate trust quantification,secure trust data sharing,and trusted route maintenance.This brings a prominent solution for mitigating misbehaving nodes and establishing efficient communication in MANET.It is empirically validated based on a performance comparison with the current Evolutionary Self-Cooperative Trust(ESCT)scheme,Generalized Trust Model(GTM),and the conventional AODV protocol.The extensive simulations are conducted against three different varying network scenarios.The results affirm the improved values of eight popular performance metrics overcoming the existing routing schemes.Among the two proposed works,TCOR is more suitable for highly scalable networks;TSDR suits,however,the MANET application better with its small size.This work thus makes a significant contribution to the research community,in contrast to many previous works focusing solely on specific security aspects,and results in a trade-off in the expected values of evaluation parameters and asserts their efficiency.
文摘In this paper, time-optimal control problem for a liner n× n co-operative parabolic system involving Laplace operator is considered. This problem is, steering an initial state y(0)=u?, with control u?so that an observation y(t) hitting a given target set in minimum time. First, the existence and uniqueness of solutions of such system under conditions on the coefficients are proved. Afterwards necessary and sufficient conditions of optimality are obtained. Finally a scaler case is given.
文摘The present study was conducted in four districts of Telangana State of India with 120 respondents in which 60 were members and other 60 were non-members of DCSs （Dairy Co-operative Societies）/MPIs （Milk Producer Institutions）. Constraints perceived in dairy farming and suggestions elicited by members and non-members were noted, tabulated and analyzed. The major constraints perceived by half or more than half of members were scarcity of water （91.67%）, lack of green fodder （88.33%）, preferring NS （natural service） than AI （Artificial Insemination） （83.33%）, negligence in feeding pregnant and dry animals （81.37%）, insufficient loan amount （78.33%）, tendency to feed only grass and brans （71.67%）, lack of availability of sufficient labour （70.00%）, lack of remunerative price for milk （66.67%）, high cost of feed （61.67%）, lack of fodder conservation （55.00%） and high cost of animals （50.00%）. Whereas major constraints perceived by non-members were scarcity of water （96.67%）, lack of green fodder （93.33%）, preferring NS than AI （88.33%）, lack of availability of sufficient labour （85.00%）, negligence in feeding pregnant and dry animals （83.33%）, tendency to feed only grass and brans （78.33%）, high cost of animals （75.00%）, complex procedure for obtaining loans （71.67%） and high cost of feed （66.67%）. Suggestions elicited by members majorly were providing subsidy for purchase of animals/providing loans on par with the cost of animal （81.67%）, enhancing the procurement price （70.00%）, providing more incentives （60.00%）, encouraging calf rearing （58.33%） and conducting frequent animal health camps （50.00%）. In case of non-members major suggestions elicited were conducting frequent animal health camps （68.33%） and providing subsidy on purchase of animals/providing loans on par with the cost of animal （58.33%）. Considering the above constraints perceived and suggestions elicited by dairy farmers a proper linkage strategy should be developed among private and public sectors in providing need based services to the dairy farmers.
文摘This study elaborates that the economic growth of a country depending on not only the business performance of the investor owned firms （IOFs）, but also the business surplus of the cooperative organizations （Co-ops）. The policy maker should have the level of understanding and competence to blend five different factors related to organizational structure and business model of the Co-ops and the IOFs to the five similarities factors on the managerial approach of them into one marked. The study investigated five similarities factors and included into a conceptual structural model with its six measurement models, economic growth model, general national factor model, market and industry factors model, Co-ops/IOFs opportunities/threat model, Co-ops/IOFs strength /weakness model, and lastly the Co-ops/IOFs firm dynamic/active： sales, profit, and lost model. Reliability of the six similarities measurement models was tested by the Delphi technique with a sample of 33 respondents. The study found that, apart from the six measurement models, it also has two intervening factor variables that will reduce the power and magnitude of the economic growth which will come from mismanagement of policy maker： These factors are the different in intemational culture among countries, and the global warming and natural disaster from the excess consumption and excess production. These selfish, competition and economic greedy of people will lead to economic, social, and natural disaster problems. To reduce the socioeconomic disadvantages and global disaster, board＇s committee, and Co-ops manager as well as chief executive officer （CEO） of the IOFs must have a good understanding on these five similarities factors. Appropriate management of these five similarities factors will lead the firms to reach their high managerial efficiency, customer value, firm value, and finally economic growth.
文摘1. On Chinese-foreign joint (co-operative) ventures(1) The conclusion of the letter ofintent on joint investment (co-operation) bythe Chinese and foreign parties.(2) New construction projects shall besubmitted to the provincial PlanningCommission for ratification; technicalinnovation projects shall be submitted to theProvincial Economic Commission forratification.(3) The contracting parties shall register thename of the joint venture with the provincialAdministration for Industry and Commerce.
文摘Purpose:Evaluating the quality of academic journal articles is a time consuming but critical task for national research evaluation exercises,appointments and promotion.It is therefore important to investigate whether Large Language Models(LLMs)can play a role in this process.Design/methodology/approach:This article assesses which ChatGPT inputs(full text without tables,figures,and references;title and abstract;title only)produce better quality score estimates,and the extent to which scores are affected by ChatGPT models and system prompts.Findings:The optimal input is the article title and abstract,with average ChatGPT scores based on these(30 iterations on a dataset of 51 papers)correlating at 0.67 with human scores,the highest ever reported.ChatGPT 4o is slightly better than 3.5-turbo(0.66),and 4o-mini(0.66).Research limitations:The data is a convenience sample of the work of a single author,it only includes one field,and the scores are self-evaluations.Practical implications:The results suggest that article full texts might confuse LLM research quality evaluations,even though complex system instructions for the task are more effective than simple ones.Thus,whilst abstracts contain insufficient information for a thorough assessment of rigour,they may contain strong pointers about originality and significance.Finally,linear regression can be used to convert the model scores into the human scale scores,which is 31%more accurate than guessing.Originality/value:This is the first systematic comparison of the impact of different prompts,parameters and inputs for ChatGPT research quality evaluations.
文摘The journal Chemical Research in Chinese Universities is a comprehensive academic journal in the field of chemistry,published bimonthly since 1984.The journal publishes research articles,letters/communications and reviews written by faculty members,researchers and postgraduates in universities,colleges and research institutes all over China and overseas.It reports the latest and the most creative results of important fundamental research in all aspects of chemistry and of developments with significant consequences across sub-disciplines.This journal is sponsored by Jilin University and mandated by the Ministry of Education of P.R.China.
文摘The journal Chemical Research in Chinese Universities is a comprehensive academic journal in the field of chemistry,published bimonthly since 1984.The journal publishes research articles,letters/communications and reviews written by faculty members,researchers and postgraduates in universities,colleges and research institutes all over China and overseas.It reports the latest and the most creative results of important fundamental research in all aspects of chemistry and of developments with significant consequences across sub-disciplines.This journal is sponsored by Jilin University and mandated by the Ministry of Education of P.R.China.
文摘The journal Chemical Research in Chinese Universities is a comprehensive academic journal in the field of chemistry,published bimonthly since 1984.The journal publishes research articles,letters/communications and reviews written by faculty members,researchers and postgraduates in universities,colleges and research institutes all over China and overseas.
