Some active metal oxides(Al_(2)O_(3),TiO_(2),and Cr_(2)O_(3))were selected as dopants to the Al_(2)O_(3)-based ceramic shells for investment casting of K417G superalloy.The effects of dopant types and contents(0,2,5,a...Some active metal oxides(Al_(2)O_(3),TiO_(2),and Cr_(2)O_(3))were selected as dopants to the Al_(2)O_(3)-based ceramic shells for investment casting of K417G superalloy.The effects of dopant types and contents(0,2,5,and 8 wt.%)on the wettability and interfacial reaction between the alloy and shell were investigated by a sessile-drop experiment.The results show that increasing the Al_(2)O_(3) doping contents(0−8 wt.%)reduces the porosity(21.74%−10.08%)and roughness(3.22−1.34μm)of the shell surface.The increase in Cr_(2)O_(3) dopant content(2−8 wt.%)further exacerbates the interfacial reaction,leading to an increase in the thickness of the reaction layer(2.6−3.1μm)and a decrease in the wetting angle(93.9°−91.0°).The addition of Al_(2)O_(3) and TiO_(2) dopants leads to the formation of Al_(2)TiO_(5) composite oxides in the reaction products,which effectively inhibits the interfacial reaction.The increase in TiO_(2) dopant contents(0−8 wt.%)further promotes the formation of Al_(2)TiO_(5),which decreases the thickness of the interfacial reaction layer(3.9−1.2μm)and increases the wetting angle(95.0°−103.8°).The introduced dopants enhance the packing density of the shell surface,while simultaneously suppress the diffusion of active metal elements from the alloy matrix to the interface.展开更多
Rare earth luminescent materials have attracted extensive attention in the biomedical field as noncontact temperature monitoring devices with microscopic resolution due to their properties in the visible and near-infr...Rare earth luminescent materials have attracted extensive attention in the biomedical field as noncontact temperature monitoring devices with microscopic resolution due to their properties in the visible and near-infrared regions.At the application level,it is required to have a certain temperature monitoring capability in the near-infrared region II window to enhance the tissue penetration depth.Here,two kinds of YOFs:Er^(3+),Yb^(3+)were prepared by co-precipitation and hydrothermal method,and the luminescence was enhanced by ion doping.An Er^(3+)-based ratiometric nanothermometer of ^(4)F_(9∕2)→4 I_(15∕2)(672nm,upconversion luminescence)to ^(4)I _(13∕2)→^(4) I_(15∕2)(1580nm/1566nm,NIR II downshifting luminescence)were designed with the Stark energy level.When doped with 2%Zn^(2+),the relative temperature sensitivity of YOF prepared by co-precipitation method was improved from 0.30%℃^(-1)(30℃)to 0.59%℃^(-1)(30℃),expanding its use as a temperature monitoring device possibility.The temperature sensitivity of YOF prepared by hydrothermal method was 1.01%℃^(-1)(30℃).Finally,the NIR II luminescence of the prepared nanothermometer was used as a control for temperature monitoring of heating sites in mice.The results showed that it can distinguish heating site from control site and no significant cytotoxicity or damage to the tissues was revealed,indicating its broad prospects in the biomedical field and other temperature monitoring scenarios in the future.展开更多
Fault diagnosis is a key issue of the CCBII(computer controlled brake II) braking system, because the CCBII braking system is very complicated and nonlinear, which may exhibit isolated and multi-component coupled faul...Fault diagnosis is a key issue of the CCBII(computer controlled brake II) braking system, because the CCBII braking system is very complicated and nonlinear, which may exhibit isolated and multi-component coupled faults. A parity space-based method was proposed for fault diagnosis of CCBII braking systems. Firstly, the mathematical models were established according to three function modules of CCBII braking systems where the air fluid theory was utilized. Then, parity vector and threshold function were designed for each output of the system so as to identify more system faults. Fault character matrix was built based on the causal relationship between the output and the fault according to the system function and internal structure. Finally, fault detection and isolation can be realized by the comparison of the observed system output and the fault character matrix. Simulation results show that the proposed method is entirely feasible and effective.展开更多
Three stable 4-substituted pyridine-based ruthenium（II）complexes[RuCl2（PPh3）L]（L=4-R-2,6-bis （diethylaminomethylene）pyridine,R=Br,H or allyloxy）were synthesized.The catalytic activities of the complexes toward...Three stable 4-substituted pyridine-based ruthenium（II）complexes[RuCl2（PPh3）L]（L=4-R-2,6-bis （diethylaminomethylene）pyridine,R=Br,H or allyloxy）were synthesized.The catalytic activities of the complexes toward transfer hydrogenation from alcohols to ketones were investigated.The electronic effects of the para-substituent in the pyridyl ring were probed and we found that the electron-donating group increased the catalytic activity.The result suggests that an electron-donating group is probably preferential for linking the catalytic ruthenium complex and the chemically inert supporting molecules such as a carbosilane dendrimer.展开更多
CAB is a binder commonly utilized in CL-20-based mixed explosives.Based on the requirements of CL-20-based polymer bonded explosives in formability,safety,and detonation energy,we explored a hightoughness and low dosa...CAB is a binder commonly utilized in CL-20-based mixed explosives.Based on the requirements of CL-20-based polymer bonded explosives in formability,safety,and detonation energy,we explored a hightoughness and low dosage CAB binder system.CAB was subjected to different toughening modifications and the effects of the modified CAB binders on the bonding and coating of CL-20 crystals,as well as the formability,safety,and mechanical properties of CL-20-based polymer bonded explosive molding powder(MP)were evaluated.The changes in glass transition temperature(Tg)and mechanical properties of the modified binders were investigated using the molecular dynamics simulation at first.A series of modified binders with different molecular weights were then synthesized and characterized by FTIR,1H NMR,^(13)C NMR and SEC.The T_(g) and cross-sectional morphologies of the binder membranes were determined by DSC and SEM.The tensile properties of the binder membranes with different molecular weights and their mixtures with the plasticizer were evaluated at different temperature.With the optimized modified binder,CL-20/CAB and CL-20/CAB-g-PCL-3 MPs with the same plasticizer ratio and Cl-20/CAB-g-PCL-3 MP with a lower plasticizer ratio and higher CL-20 content were prepared and evaluated for the bonding and coating effects,crystal form,mechanical sensitivity and specific heat capacity(C_(p))by SEM,XRD,sensitivity testing and DSC,respectively.Their compressive strengths and splitting tensile strengths were measured at different temperature using a universal testing machine.Our work has provided a high-toughness and low-dosage binder system for CL-20-based MPs and offers a novel strategy to improve the formability,safety,and energy of CL-20 based polymer bonded explosives.展开更多
Development of polymers with underwater self-healing and antifouling properties is crucial,particularly in harsh marine environments.In this study,polydimethylsiloxane(PDMS)-based antifouling polymers with tunable sel...Development of polymers with underwater self-healing and antifouling properties is crucial,particularly in harsh marine environments.In this study,polydimethylsiloxane(PDMS)-based antifouling polymers with tunable self-healing capabilities in aqueous conditions were fabricated by incorporating amphiphilic segments and Fe^(3+)-catechol dynamic coordination crosslinking.The microphase formed within the PDMS matrix imparted static antifouling properties to the coatings.The mechanical properties of the damaged sample were restored at room temperature in an aqueous environment for 24 h,achieving a self-healing efficiency of almost 100%.The synthesized material exploited the dynamic coordination between Fe^(3+) and catechol to facilitate underwater self-healing.No bacterial adhesion was observed at the scratch site after the coating was repaired.This material enables the long-term antifouling and autonomous repair of marine vessels and sensors,thereby reducing maintenance costs.展开更多
The impact safety of explosive charges has been focused in these decades. The fragment impact is widely used to evaluate the response of explosive charges. In our work, the explosive detonation driving technique was u...The impact safety of explosive charges has been focused in these decades. The fragment impact is widely used to evaluate the response of explosive charges. In our work, the explosive detonation driving technique was used to generate a high velocity fragment with large mass. When the fragment masses are10 g, 16 g, 25 g, and 50 g, the highest velocity of fragments can reach 2400 m/s, 2100 m/s, 1900 m/s, and1400 m/s, respectively. The high velocity fragment with large mass was used to evaluate the safety of two kinds of CL-20 based explosive charges. The effects of the fragment mass and velocity were analyzed.Especially, the reaction extent was obtained based on visible phenomenon. The CL-20-based explosive charge containing Al had a higher safety level than that without Al. It was because Al had good ductility,and further improved the mechanical property of the material. Also, the numerical simulation was conducted to understand the reaction characteristics of the CL-20-based explosive charge. The results showed that as the fragment mass and velocity increased, the reaction became more violent.展开更多
Silicon suboxide(SiO_(x),0<x<2)is an appealing anode material to replace traditional graphite owing to its much higher theoretical specific capacity enabling higher-energy-density lithium batteries.Nevertheless,...Silicon suboxide(SiO_(x),0<x<2)is an appealing anode material to replace traditional graphite owing to its much higher theoretical specific capacity enabling higher-energy-density lithium batteries.Nevertheless,the huge volume change and rapid capacity decay of SiO_(x)electrodes during cycling pose huge challenges to their large-scale practical applications.To eliminate this bottleneck,a dragonfly wing microstructure-inspired polymer electrolyte(denoted as PPM-PE)is developed based on in-situ polymerization of bicyclic phosphate ester-and urethane motif-containing monomer and methyl methacrylate in traditional liquid electrolyte.PPM-PE delivers excellent mechanical properties,highly correlated with the formation of a micro-phase separation structure similar with dragonfly wings.By virtue of superior mechanical properties and the in-situ solidified preparation method,PPM-PE can form a 3D polymer network buffer against stress within the electrode particles gap,enabling much suppressed electrode volume expansion and more stabilized solid electrolyte interface along with evidently decreased electrolyte decomposition.Resultantly,PPM-PE shows significant improvements in both cycling and rate performance in button and soft package batteries with SiO_(x)-based electrodes,compared with the liquid electrolyte counterpart.Such a dragonfly wing microstructure-inspired design philosophy of in-situ solidified polymer electrolytes helps facilitate the practical implementation of high-energy lithium batteries with SiO_(x)-based anodes.展开更多
The new CL-20(hexanitrohexaazaisowurtzitane)type aluminized explosives in the overdrive detonation(ODD)conditions of the core problem is how to accurately represent the state of the overdrive detonation products.To th...The new CL-20(hexanitrohexaazaisowurtzitane)type aluminized explosives in the overdrive detonation(ODD)conditions of the core problem is how to accurately represent the state of the overdrive detonation products.To this end,this paper is based on the impedance matching method to test the ODD conditions of CL-20 type aluminium explosive particle velocity.Calculated the interfacial pressure of the shock wave in different media.Determined the characteristic parameters of the reaction zone of the detonation of CL-20 aluminized explosives.Calibrated the parameters of the JoneseWilkinseLee(JWL)+γ equation for the detonation products(DPs).Revealed the effect of different DPs equation of state(EOS)on the Hugoniot pressure of ODD.The results indicate that when the content of aluminum powder ranges from 0%to 30%,the duration of the ODD reaction zone and the width of the detonation reaction zone of the CL-20-based aluminized explosive are directly proportional to the content of aluminum powder.The width of the detonation reaction zone is increased by 1.97 times to 2.7 times compared to that of the reaction zone without the addition of aluminum powder.However,the energy release efficiency of the detonation reaction zone is inversely proportional to the content of aluminum powder.When the aluminum powder content was held constant,the incorporation of AP caused a 25%reduction in the energy release efficiency of the detonation reaction zone.Compared with existing ODD state equations,the JWL +γ equation is superior in calibrating overpressure Hugoniot data and the isentropic expansion in the C-J state.The deviation between calculated pressure results and experimental measurements is within 6%.展开更多
The escalating atmospheric CO_(2) levels necessitate efficient catalytic technologies for its conversion into value-added chemicals.This review systematically summarizes recent advances in ZrO_(2)-based catalysts for ...The escalating atmospheric CO_(2) levels necessitate efficient catalytic technologies for its conversion into value-added chemicals.This review systematically summarizes recent advances in ZrO_(2)-based catalysts for CO_(2) hydrogenation,emphasizing their multifunctional roles beyond conventional supports.Owing to its tunable crystalline phases,abundant oxygen vacancies,and synergistic metal-support interactions,ZrO_(2) significantly enhances catalytic performance in producing methane,methanol,and other products.Key design strategies,such as phase engineering,morphology control,and the construction of inverse or composite structures,are discussed in relation to their influence on CO_(2) adsorption,intermediate stabilization,and reaction pathway regulation.Mechanistic insights reveal that ZrO_(2) facilitates H_(2) dissociation,promotes hydrogen spillover,and stabilizes active metal species,thereby optimizing product selectivity and catalyst durability.Furthermore,tandem catalytic systems integrating ZrO_(2) with zeolites demonstrate exceptional potential in steering C-C coupling while suppressing over-hydrogenation.This review not only elucidates structure-activity relationships and kinetic behaviors but also outlines future research directions,including in situ characterization and scalable catalyst design,thereby providing critical guidance for the development of high-performance CO_(2) hydrogenation catalysts and advancing carbon-neutral fuel and chemical production.展开更多
Dear Editor,Thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy(TAO),or Graves’ophthalmopathy(GO),is a complex autoimmune condition characterized by eye symptoms such as proptosis,lid retraction,and periorbital swelling,often associat...Dear Editor,Thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy(TAO),or Graves’ophthalmopathy(GO),is a complex autoimmune condition characterized by eye symptoms such as proptosis,lid retraction,and periorbital swelling,often associated with thyroid dysfunction[1].Current drug treatments primarily include glucocorticoids,traditional immunosuppressants,and novel biologics such as Teprotumumab.While able to alleviate symptoms,they often do not adequately address irreversible conditions such as visual impairment and fi brosis,and it is diffi cult to avoid long-term medication side eff ects.In this context,exploring new therapeutic avenues for TAO to improve patients’prognosis and quality of life is meaningful.We proposed chimeric antigen receptor(CAR)-based therapy as a novel treatment orientation.展开更多
A unique discontinuous lamellar microstructure of titanium alloys consisting of lamellar colonies at prior β-Ti grain boundaries and internal interwoven α-laths is prepared by a TiH_(2)-based powder metallurgy metho...A unique discontinuous lamellar microstructure of titanium alloys consisting of lamellar colonies at prior β-Ti grain boundaries and internal interwoven α-laths is prepared by a TiH_(2)-based powder metallurgy method.The α-variants get various crystallographic orientations and become discontinuous during vacuum annealing at 700℃.Remarkably,nanoscale phase δ-TiH compound layers are generated between α-laths and β-strips,so that dislocations are piled up at the α/δ/βinterfaces during tensile deformation.This leads to dislocation slips being confined to individual α-laths,with differentslips and particularly pyramidal<c+a>slips being activated.The efficiency of wavy slip is promoted and the work hardening rate is enhanced.Finally,the combined effect of dispersed micro-shear bands and lath distortions is considered contributive for alleviating the stress concentration at grain boundaries,resulting in a high-promising synergy of enhanced ultimate tensile strength of 1080 MPa and good elongation to fracture of 13.6%.展开更多
Al_(2)O_(3)-based eutectic ceramics are considered as promising candidates for ultra-high-temperature structural materials due to their exceptional thermal stability and mechanical properties.Nonetheless,several chall...Al_(2)O_(3)-based eutectic ceramics are considered as promising candidates for ultra-high-temperature structural materials due to their exceptional thermal stability and mechanical properties.Nonetheless,several challenges must be overcome before they can be widely used.This paper reviews in detail the tailoring of microstructure from the aspect of process parameters,the updated knowledge gained in microstructure(crystallographic orientation,high-resolution interfacial structures)and the latest means of optimizing eutectic microstructure(seed-induced method,introducing low-energy grain boundaries and high-entropy phase).Additionally,the paper explores future techniques for the fabrication of bulk ceramic materials and effective toughening approaches.This review highlights the achievements made especially in the last 15 years,current limitations in Al_(2)O_(3)-based eutectic ceramics,and offers comprehensive insights and strategic guidance for further mechanical breakthroughs.展开更多
To explore high value-added utilization pathways of fly ash,the mesoporous structure of silicon dioxide extracted from fly ash(FA-SiO_(2))was utilized to restrict the dicyandiamide(DCDA)thermal degradation process.Thi...To explore high value-added utilization pathways of fly ash,the mesoporous structure of silicon dioxide extracted from fly ash(FA-SiO_(2))was utilized to restrict the dicyandiamide(DCDA)thermal degradation process.This produced chemically bonded interacting composite photocatalysts of FA-SiO,and graphitic-phase carbon nitride(g-C_(3)N_(4)).Compared with the spherical silicon dioxide prepared using tetraethyl orthosilicate(TEOS-SiO_(2)),the mesoporous structure of FA-SiO_(2),allowed DCDA to react in a smaller space,which facilitated the transformation of DCDA to melamine by the thermal degradation kinetics of FA-C_(3)N_(4)/DCDA.This ultimately boosted the formation of an N-atom-removed triazine ring structure and a multistage structure combining lumps and rods in the composite photocatalysts of g-C_(3)N_(4),and FA-SiO_(2),which led to a higher visible-light utilization efficiency,a suitable valence-band position,and the photocatalytic activity for methylene blue reaching 3.56 times that of g-C_(3)N_(4).The findings indicate that mesoporous FA-SiO,has the potential to improve the structural and photocatalytic properties of g-C_(3)N_(4),-based materials.展开更多
Catalytic activity and hydrothermal stability are both crucial for the application of the selective catalytic reduction of NO_(x)with NH_(3)(NH_(3)-SCR)catalyst in diesel vehicles.In this study,a tin(Sn)-modified Ce-N...Catalytic activity and hydrothermal stability are both crucial for the application of the selective catalytic reduction of NO_(x)with NH_(3)(NH_(3)-SCR)catalyst in diesel vehicles.In this study,a tin(Sn)-modified Ce-Nb mixed-oxide catalyst was synthesized as an NH_(3)-SCR catalyst for NO_(x)emission control.After the intro-duction of Sn,both the NH_(3)-SCR activity and the hydrothermal stability of the catalyst were remarkably promoted.Even after hydrothermal aging at 1000℃,the developed Ce_(1)Sn_(2)Nb_(1)O_(x)catalyst achieved more than 90%NO_(x)conversion at 325-500℃.Various methods,including N2-physisorption,X-ray diffraction,in-situ high-temperature X-ray diffraction,high-resolution transmission electron microscopy,X-ray pho-toelectron spectroscopy,X-ray absorption fine-structure spectroscopy,temperature-programmed reduc-tion of hydrogen,temperature-programmed desorption of ammonia,and density functional theory calculations were used to investigate the promotional effects induced by the Sn species.The characteri-zation results showed that the addition of Sn not only promoted the formation of the Ce-Nb active phase but also improved its thermal stability,contributing to the excellent NH_(3)-SCR performance and hydrothermal stability.This study provides an excellent sintering-resistance catalyst for the application of diesel engine NO_(x)emission control.展开更多
Neuromorphic computing devices leveraging HfO_(2) and ZrO_(2) materials have recently garnered significant attention due to their potential for brain-inspired computing systems.In this study,we present a novel trilaye...Neuromorphic computing devices leveraging HfO_(2) and ZrO_(2) materials have recently garnered significant attention due to their potential for brain-inspired computing systems.In this study,we present a novel trilayer Pt/HfO_(2)/ZrO_(2-x)/HfO_(2)/TiN memristor,engineered with a ZrO_(2-x) oxygen vacancy reservoir(OVR)layer fabricated via radio frequency(RF)sputtering under controlled oxygen ambient.The incorporation of the ZrO_(2-x) OVR layer enables enhanced resistive switching characteristics,including a high ON/OFF ratio(∼8000),excellent uniformity,robust data retention(>105 s),and multilevel storage capabilities.Furthermore,the memristor demonstrates superior synaptic plasticity with linear long-term potentiation(LTP)and depression(LTD),achieving low non-linearity values of 1.36(LTP)and 0.66(LTD),and a recognition accuracy of 95.3%in an MNIST dataset simulation.The unique properties of the ZrO_(2-x) layer,particularly its ability to act as a dynamic oxygen vacancy reservoir,significantly enhance synaptic performance by stabilizing oxygen vacancy migration.These findings establish the OVR-trilayer memristor as a promising candidate for future neuromorphic computing and high-performance memory applications.展开更多
Photodynamic therapy(PDT)has received much attention in recent years.However,traditional photosensitizers(PSs)applied in PDT usually suffer from aggregation-caused quenching(ACQ)effect in H_(2)O,single and inefficient...Photodynamic therapy(PDT)has received much attention in recent years.However,traditional photosensitizers(PSs)applied in PDT usually suffer from aggregation-caused quenching(ACQ)effect in H_(2)O,single and inefficient photochemical mechanism of action(MoA),poor cancer targeting ability,etc.In this work,two novel Ru(II)-based aggregation-induced emission(AIE)agents(Ru1 and Ru2)were developed.Both complexes exhibited long triplet excited lifetimes and nearly 100%singlet oxygen quantum yields in H_(2)O.In addition,Ru1 and Ru2 displayed potent photo-catalytic reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide(NADH)oxidation activity with turnover frequency(TOF)values of about 1779 and 2000 h^(−1),respectively.Therefore,both Ru1 and Ru2 showed efficient PDT activity towards a series of cancer cells.Moreover,Ru2 was further loaded in bovine serum albumin(BSA)to enhance the tumor targeting ability in vivo,and the obtained Ru2@BSA could selectively accumulate in tumor tissues and effectively inhibit tumor growth on a 4T1 tumor-bearing mouse model.So far as we know,this work represents the first report about Ru(Ⅱ)-)AIE agents that possess high singlet oxygen quantum yields and also potent photocatalytic NADH oxidation activity,and may provide new ideas for rational design of novel PSs with efficient PDT activity.展开更多
The reaction behavior between CaO–Al_(2)O_(3)–La_(2)O_(3)-based slags and La-bearing FeCrAl melt was quantitatively characterized,which was further compared with the reaction behavior of CaO–SiO_(2)-based slags.Bas...The reaction behavior between CaO–Al_(2)O_(3)–La_(2)O_(3)-based slags and La-bearing FeCrAl melt was quantitatively characterized,which was further compared with the reaction behavior of CaO–SiO_(2)-based slags.Based on this,the new type of mold flux for La-bearing FeCrAl alloy continuous casting was designed and its basic properties were evaluated.The results showed that the order of reaction degree of fluxing agents in CaO–Al_(2)O_(3)–La_(2)O_(3)-based slags is(Na_(2)O)>(B_(2)O_(3))>(Li_(2)O),and the percentages of mass change of fluxing agents were 85.8,54.29 and 42.35 wt.%,respectively.Moreover,the addition of(Li_(2)O)and(Na_(2)O)promoted the reaction between(CaO)and[Al],and the reaction degree of the former was weaker than that of the latter,which was due to the greater effect of(Na_(2)O)on the activity of(CaO)and(Al_(2)O_(3))than(Li_(2)O).Compared with the reactivity of CaO–SiO_(2)-based slags,the percentages of mass change of Al and La caused by slag–steel reaction decreased by 10.63–14.36 and 39.78–50.49 wt.%,respectively.The percentages of mass change of(Al_(2)O_(3)),(La_(2)O_(3))and(CaO)in slags highest increased by 17.71,17.98,and 7.81 wt.%,respectively.The reactivity of CaO–Al_(2)O_(3)–La_(2)O_(3)-based slags was significantly weakened.Ultimately,the new type of mold flux was designed and the composition range was determined.The fundamental properties of new mold flux basically meet the theoretical requirements for La-bearing FeCrAl alloy continuous casting.展开更多
The belief rule-based(BRB)system has been popular in complexity system modeling due to its good interpretability.However,the current mainstream optimization methods of the BRB systems only focus on modeling accuracy b...The belief rule-based(BRB)system has been popular in complexity system modeling due to its good interpretability.However,the current mainstream optimization methods of the BRB systems only focus on modeling accuracy but ignore the interpretability.The single-objective optimization strategy has been applied in the interpretability-accuracy trade-off by inte-grating accuracy and interpretability into an optimization objec-tive.But the integration has a greater impact on optimization results with strong subjectivity.Thus,a multi-objective optimiza-tion framework in the modeling of BRB systems with inter-pretability-accuracy trade-off is proposed in this paper.Firstly,complexity and accuracy are taken as two independent opti-mization goals,and uniformity as a constraint to give the mathe-matical description.Secondly,a classical multi-objective opti-mization algorithm,nondominated sorting genetic algorithm II(NSGA-II),is utilized as an optimization tool to give a set of BRB systems with different accuracy and complexity.Finally,a pipeline leakage detection case is studied to verify the feasibility and effectiveness of the developed multi-objective optimization.The comparison illustrates that the proposed multi-objective optimization framework can effectively avoid the subjectivity of single-objective optimization,and has capability of joint optimiz-ing the structure and parameters of BRB systems with inter-pretability-accuracy trade-off.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 52374292)China Baowu Low Carbon Metallurgy Innovation Foundation, China (No. BWLCF202309)the Natural Science Foundation of Changsha City, China (No. KQ2208271)。
文摘Some active metal oxides(Al_(2)O_(3),TiO_(2),and Cr_(2)O_(3))were selected as dopants to the Al_(2)O_(3)-based ceramic shells for investment casting of K417G superalloy.The effects of dopant types and contents(0,2,5,and 8 wt.%)on the wettability and interfacial reaction between the alloy and shell were investigated by a sessile-drop experiment.The results show that increasing the Al_(2)O_(3) doping contents(0−8 wt.%)reduces the porosity(21.74%−10.08%)and roughness(3.22−1.34μm)of the shell surface.The increase in Cr_(2)O_(3) dopant content(2−8 wt.%)further exacerbates the interfacial reaction,leading to an increase in the thickness of the reaction layer(2.6−3.1μm)and a decrease in the wetting angle(93.9°−91.0°).The addition of Al_(2)O_(3) and TiO_(2) dopants leads to the formation of Al_(2)TiO_(5) composite oxides in the reaction products,which effectively inhibits the interfacial reaction.The increase in TiO_(2) dopant contents(0−8 wt.%)further promotes the formation of Al_(2)TiO_(5),which decreases the thickness of the interfacial reaction layer(3.9−1.2μm)and increases the wetting angle(95.0°−103.8°).The introduced dopants enhance the packing density of the shell surface,while simultaneously suppress the diffusion of active metal elements from the alloy matrix to the interface.
基金supported by the Key Research and Development Program of Shaanxi(Program No.2023-YBSF-479)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC 22075249)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities.
文摘Rare earth luminescent materials have attracted extensive attention in the biomedical field as noncontact temperature monitoring devices with microscopic resolution due to their properties in the visible and near-infrared regions.At the application level,it is required to have a certain temperature monitoring capability in the near-infrared region II window to enhance the tissue penetration depth.Here,two kinds of YOFs:Er^(3+),Yb^(3+)were prepared by co-precipitation and hydrothermal method,and the luminescence was enhanced by ion doping.An Er^(3+)-based ratiometric nanothermometer of ^(4)F_(9∕2)→4 I_(15∕2)(672nm,upconversion luminescence)to ^(4)I _(13∕2)→^(4) I_(15∕2)(1580nm/1566nm,NIR II downshifting luminescence)were designed with the Stark energy level.When doped with 2%Zn^(2+),the relative temperature sensitivity of YOF prepared by co-precipitation method was improved from 0.30%℃^(-1)(30℃)to 0.59%℃^(-1)(30℃),expanding its use as a temperature monitoring device possibility.The temperature sensitivity of YOF prepared by hydrothermal method was 1.01%℃^(-1)(30℃).Finally,the NIR II luminescence of the prepared nanothermometer was used as a control for temperature monitoring of heating sites in mice.The results showed that it can distinguish heating site from control site and no significant cytotoxicity or damage to the tissues was revealed,indicating its broad prospects in the biomedical field and other temperature monitoring scenarios in the future.
基金Projects(61071096,61073103,61003233) supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProjects(20100162110012,20110162110042) supported by Doctoral Program of Higher Education,China
文摘Fault diagnosis is a key issue of the CCBII(computer controlled brake II) braking system, because the CCBII braking system is very complicated and nonlinear, which may exhibit isolated and multi-component coupled faults. A parity space-based method was proposed for fault diagnosis of CCBII braking systems. Firstly, the mathematical models were established according to three function modules of CCBII braking systems where the air fluid theory was utilized. Then, parity vector and threshold function were designed for each output of the system so as to identify more system faults. Fault character matrix was built based on the causal relationship between the output and the fault according to the system function and internal structure. Finally, fault detection and isolation can be realized by the comparison of the observed system output and the fault character matrix. Simulation results show that the proposed method is entirely feasible and effective.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China（20576052） the Joint Innovation Fund of Jiangsu Province（BY2009107） the National Basic Research Program of China（2003CB615707）
文摘Three stable 4-substituted pyridine-based ruthenium（II）complexes[RuCl2（PPh3）L]（L=4-R-2,6-bis （diethylaminomethylene）pyridine,R=Br,H or allyloxy）were synthesized.The catalytic activities of the complexes toward transfer hydrogenation from alcohols to ketones were investigated.The electronic effects of the para-substituent in the pyridyl ring were probed and we found that the electron-donating group increased the catalytic activity.The result suggests that an electron-donating group is probably preferential for linking the catalytic ruthenium complex and the chemically inert supporting molecules such as a carbosilane dendrimer.
基金supported by"the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities".
文摘CAB is a binder commonly utilized in CL-20-based mixed explosives.Based on the requirements of CL-20-based polymer bonded explosives in formability,safety,and detonation energy,we explored a hightoughness and low dosage CAB binder system.CAB was subjected to different toughening modifications and the effects of the modified CAB binders on the bonding and coating of CL-20 crystals,as well as the formability,safety,and mechanical properties of CL-20-based polymer bonded explosive molding powder(MP)were evaluated.The changes in glass transition temperature(Tg)and mechanical properties of the modified binders were investigated using the molecular dynamics simulation at first.A series of modified binders with different molecular weights were then synthesized and characterized by FTIR,1H NMR,^(13)C NMR and SEC.The T_(g) and cross-sectional morphologies of the binder membranes were determined by DSC and SEM.The tensile properties of the binder membranes with different molecular weights and their mixtures with the plasticizer were evaluated at different temperature.With the optimized modified binder,CL-20/CAB and CL-20/CAB-g-PCL-3 MPs with the same plasticizer ratio and Cl-20/CAB-g-PCL-3 MP with a lower plasticizer ratio and higher CL-20 content were prepared and evaluated for the bonding and coating effects,crystal form,mechanical sensitivity and specific heat capacity(C_(p))by SEM,XRD,sensitivity testing and DSC,respectively.Their compressive strengths and splitting tensile strengths were measured at different temperature using a universal testing machine.Our work has provided a high-toughness and low-dosage binder system for CL-20-based MPs and offers a novel strategy to improve the formability,safety,and energy of CL-20 based polymer bonded explosives.
基金supported by Beijing Municipal Natural Science Foundation(No.2242053)National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.22275012).
文摘Development of polymers with underwater self-healing and antifouling properties is crucial,particularly in harsh marine environments.In this study,polydimethylsiloxane(PDMS)-based antifouling polymers with tunable self-healing capabilities in aqueous conditions were fabricated by incorporating amphiphilic segments and Fe^(3+)-catechol dynamic coordination crosslinking.The microphase formed within the PDMS matrix imparted static antifouling properties to the coatings.The mechanical properties of the damaged sample were restored at room temperature in an aqueous environment for 24 h,achieving a self-healing efficiency of almost 100%.The synthesized material exploited the dynamic coordination between Fe^(3+) and catechol to facilitate underwater self-healing.No bacterial adhesion was observed at the scratch site after the coating was repaired.This material enables the long-term antifouling and autonomous repair of marine vessels and sensors,thereby reducing maintenance costs.
文摘The impact safety of explosive charges has been focused in these decades. The fragment impact is widely used to evaluate the response of explosive charges. In our work, the explosive detonation driving technique was used to generate a high velocity fragment with large mass. When the fragment masses are10 g, 16 g, 25 g, and 50 g, the highest velocity of fragments can reach 2400 m/s, 2100 m/s, 1900 m/s, and1400 m/s, respectively. The high velocity fragment with large mass was used to evaluate the safety of two kinds of CL-20 based explosive charges. The effects of the fragment mass and velocity were analyzed.Especially, the reaction extent was obtained based on visible phenomenon. The CL-20-based explosive charge containing Al had a higher safety level than that without Al. It was because Al had good ductility,and further improved the mechanical property of the material. Also, the numerical simulation was conducted to understand the reaction characteristics of the CL-20-based explosive charge. The results showed that as the fragment mass and velocity increased, the reaction became more violent.
基金financially supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(2023YFC2812700)the Key Scientific and Technological Innovation Project of Shandong(2022CXGC020301)+6 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22279153,U22A2044,22479154,52303287)the Taishan Scholars of Shandong Province(No.ts201511063)the Shandong Energy Institute(Grant No.SEI I202108)the Postdoctoral Fellowship Program of CPSF(E31Z3F04)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2024 M753350)the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province(ZR2023QB208)Qingdao Natural Science Foundation(23-2-1-77-zyyd-jch)。
文摘Silicon suboxide(SiO_(x),0<x<2)is an appealing anode material to replace traditional graphite owing to its much higher theoretical specific capacity enabling higher-energy-density lithium batteries.Nevertheless,the huge volume change and rapid capacity decay of SiO_(x)electrodes during cycling pose huge challenges to their large-scale practical applications.To eliminate this bottleneck,a dragonfly wing microstructure-inspired polymer electrolyte(denoted as PPM-PE)is developed based on in-situ polymerization of bicyclic phosphate ester-and urethane motif-containing monomer and methyl methacrylate in traditional liquid electrolyte.PPM-PE delivers excellent mechanical properties,highly correlated with the formation of a micro-phase separation structure similar with dragonfly wings.By virtue of superior mechanical properties and the in-situ solidified preparation method,PPM-PE can form a 3D polymer network buffer against stress within the electrode particles gap,enabling much suppressed electrode volume expansion and more stabilized solid electrolyte interface along with evidently decreased electrolyte decomposition.Resultantly,PPM-PE shows significant improvements in both cycling and rate performance in button and soft package batteries with SiO_(x)-based electrodes,compared with the liquid electrolyte counterpart.Such a dragonfly wing microstructure-inspired design philosophy of in-situ solidified polymer electrolytes helps facilitate the practical implementation of high-energy lithium batteries with SiO_(x)-based anodes.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC,Grant Nos.11872120,12102050)Key Laboratory of Explosion Science and Technology(Grant No.QNKT22-01).
文摘The new CL-20(hexanitrohexaazaisowurtzitane)type aluminized explosives in the overdrive detonation(ODD)conditions of the core problem is how to accurately represent the state of the overdrive detonation products.To this end,this paper is based on the impedance matching method to test the ODD conditions of CL-20 type aluminium explosive particle velocity.Calculated the interfacial pressure of the shock wave in different media.Determined the characteristic parameters of the reaction zone of the detonation of CL-20 aluminized explosives.Calibrated the parameters of the JoneseWilkinseLee(JWL)+γ equation for the detonation products(DPs).Revealed the effect of different DPs equation of state(EOS)on the Hugoniot pressure of ODD.The results indicate that when the content of aluminum powder ranges from 0%to 30%,the duration of the ODD reaction zone and the width of the detonation reaction zone of the CL-20-based aluminized explosive are directly proportional to the content of aluminum powder.The width of the detonation reaction zone is increased by 1.97 times to 2.7 times compared to that of the reaction zone without the addition of aluminum powder.However,the energy release efficiency of the detonation reaction zone is inversely proportional to the content of aluminum powder.When the aluminum powder content was held constant,the incorporation of AP caused a 25%reduction in the energy release efficiency of the detonation reaction zone.Compared with existing ODD state equations,the JWL +γ equation is superior in calibrating overpressure Hugoniot data and the isentropic expansion in the C-J state.The deviation between calculated pressure results and experimental measurements is within 6%.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangxi Province for Distinguished Young Scholars(20232ACB213001)National Natural Science Foundation of China(22362022,52361040,22568029)+1 种基金the Thousand Talents Plan of Jiangxi Province(jxsq2023101072)the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangxi Province(20252BAC250133,20232ACB203004).
文摘The escalating atmospheric CO_(2) levels necessitate efficient catalytic technologies for its conversion into value-added chemicals.This review systematically summarizes recent advances in ZrO_(2)-based catalysts for CO_(2) hydrogenation,emphasizing their multifunctional roles beyond conventional supports.Owing to its tunable crystalline phases,abundant oxygen vacancies,and synergistic metal-support interactions,ZrO_(2) significantly enhances catalytic performance in producing methane,methanol,and other products.Key design strategies,such as phase engineering,morphology control,and the construction of inverse or composite structures,are discussed in relation to their influence on CO_(2) adsorption,intermediate stabilization,and reaction pathway regulation.Mechanistic insights reveal that ZrO_(2) facilitates H_(2) dissociation,promotes hydrogen spillover,and stabilizes active metal species,thereby optimizing product selectivity and catalyst durability.Furthermore,tandem catalytic systems integrating ZrO_(2) with zeolites demonstrate exceptional potential in steering C-C coupling while suppressing over-hydrogenation.This review not only elucidates structure-activity relationships and kinetic behaviors but also outlines future research directions,including in situ characterization and scalable catalyst design,thereby providing critical guidance for the development of high-performance CO_(2) hydrogenation catalysts and advancing carbon-neutral fuel and chemical production.
基金supported by the Distinguished Young Scholars of the National Defense Biotechnology Foundation(01-SWKJYCJJ11).
文摘Dear Editor,Thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy(TAO),or Graves’ophthalmopathy(GO),is a complex autoimmune condition characterized by eye symptoms such as proptosis,lid retraction,and periorbital swelling,often associated with thyroid dysfunction[1].Current drug treatments primarily include glucocorticoids,traditional immunosuppressants,and novel biologics such as Teprotumumab.While able to alleviate symptoms,they often do not adequately address irreversible conditions such as visual impairment and fi brosis,and it is diffi cult to avoid long-term medication side eff ects.In this context,exploring new therapeutic avenues for TAO to improve patients’prognosis and quality of life is meaningful.We proposed chimeric antigen receptor(CAR)-based therapy as a novel treatment orientation.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52301145,52275329)the Applied Basic Research Program of Liaoning Province,China(No.2023JH2/101300158)+1 种基金the Fundamental Research Fund for the Central Universities,China(No.N2202010)the Key Research Programs of High Education Institutions in Henan Province,China(No.24A430017).
文摘A unique discontinuous lamellar microstructure of titanium alloys consisting of lamellar colonies at prior β-Ti grain boundaries and internal interwoven α-laths is prepared by a TiH_(2)-based powder metallurgy method.The α-variants get various crystallographic orientations and become discontinuous during vacuum annealing at 700℃.Remarkably,nanoscale phase δ-TiH compound layers are generated between α-laths and β-strips,so that dislocations are piled up at the α/δ/βinterfaces during tensile deformation.This leads to dislocation slips being confined to individual α-laths,with differentslips and particularly pyramidal<c+a>slips being activated.The efficiency of wavy slip is promoted and the work hardening rate is enhanced.Finally,the combined effect of dispersed micro-shear bands and lath distortions is considered contributive for alleviating the stress concentration at grain boundaries,resulting in a high-promising synergy of enhanced ultimate tensile strength of 1080 MPa and good elongation to fracture of 13.6%.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52171046)National Natural Science Foundation of China-key programme(No.52234010)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities and Shaanxi Provincial Key Science and Technology Innovation Team(No.2023-CX-TD-14).
文摘Al_(2)O_(3)-based eutectic ceramics are considered as promising candidates for ultra-high-temperature structural materials due to their exceptional thermal stability and mechanical properties.Nonetheless,several challenges must be overcome before they can be widely used.This paper reviews in detail the tailoring of microstructure from the aspect of process parameters,the updated knowledge gained in microstructure(crystallographic orientation,high-resolution interfacial structures)and the latest means of optimizing eutectic microstructure(seed-induced method,introducing low-energy grain boundaries and high-entropy phase).Additionally,the paper explores future techniques for the fabrication of bulk ceramic materials and effective toughening approaches.This review highlights the achievements made especially in the last 15 years,current limitations in Al_(2)O_(3)-based eutectic ceramics,and offers comprehensive insights and strategic guidance for further mechanical breakthroughs.
基金supported by the Medical Special Cultivation Project of Anhui University of Science and Technology(Nos.YZ2023H2B013 and YZ2023H2B012),China.
文摘To explore high value-added utilization pathways of fly ash,the mesoporous structure of silicon dioxide extracted from fly ash(FA-SiO_(2))was utilized to restrict the dicyandiamide(DCDA)thermal degradation process.This produced chemically bonded interacting composite photocatalysts of FA-SiO,and graphitic-phase carbon nitride(g-C_(3)N_(4)).Compared with the spherical silicon dioxide prepared using tetraethyl orthosilicate(TEOS-SiO_(2)),the mesoporous structure of FA-SiO_(2),allowed DCDA to react in a smaller space,which facilitated the transformation of DCDA to melamine by the thermal degradation kinetics of FA-C_(3)N_(4)/DCDA.This ultimately boosted the formation of an N-atom-removed triazine ring structure and a multistage structure combining lumps and rods in the composite photocatalysts of g-C_(3)N_(4),and FA-SiO_(2),which led to a higher visible-light utilization efficiency,a suitable valence-band position,and the photocatalytic activity for methylene blue reaching 3.56 times that of g-C_(3)N_(4).The findings indicate that mesoporous FA-SiO,has the potential to improve the structural and photocatalytic properties of g-C_(3)N_(4),-based materials.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52225004 and 22276202)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2022YFC3701804)the Youth Innovation Promotion Association of Chinese Academy of Sciences(2019045).
文摘Catalytic activity and hydrothermal stability are both crucial for the application of the selective catalytic reduction of NO_(x)with NH_(3)(NH_(3)-SCR)catalyst in diesel vehicles.In this study,a tin(Sn)-modified Ce-Nb mixed-oxide catalyst was synthesized as an NH_(3)-SCR catalyst for NO_(x)emission control.After the intro-duction of Sn,both the NH_(3)-SCR activity and the hydrothermal stability of the catalyst were remarkably promoted.Even after hydrothermal aging at 1000℃,the developed Ce_(1)Sn_(2)Nb_(1)O_(x)catalyst achieved more than 90%NO_(x)conversion at 325-500℃.Various methods,including N2-physisorption,X-ray diffraction,in-situ high-temperature X-ray diffraction,high-resolution transmission electron microscopy,X-ray pho-toelectron spectroscopy,X-ray absorption fine-structure spectroscopy,temperature-programmed reduc-tion of hydrogen,temperature-programmed desorption of ammonia,and density functional theory calculations were used to investigate the promotional effects induced by the Sn species.The characteri-zation results showed that the addition of Sn not only promoted the formation of the Ce-Nb active phase but also improved its thermal stability,contributing to the excellent NH_(3)-SCR performance and hydrothermal stability.This study provides an excellent sintering-resistance catalyst for the application of diesel engine NO_(x)emission control.
基金financially supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea(no.NRF-2021R1A2C2010781)grant funded by the Korean Government(Ministry of Science and ICT)Korea Institute for Advancement of Technology(KIAT)grant funded by the Korea Government(MOTIE)(no.P0012451,The Competency Development Program for Industry Specialist)Korea Government(MOTIE)(no.P0020966,HRD Program for Industrial Innovation).
文摘Neuromorphic computing devices leveraging HfO_(2) and ZrO_(2) materials have recently garnered significant attention due to their potential for brain-inspired computing systems.In this study,we present a novel trilayer Pt/HfO_(2)/ZrO_(2-x)/HfO_(2)/TiN memristor,engineered with a ZrO_(2-x) oxygen vacancy reservoir(OVR)layer fabricated via radio frequency(RF)sputtering under controlled oxygen ambient.The incorporation of the ZrO_(2-x) OVR layer enables enhanced resistive switching characteristics,including a high ON/OFF ratio(∼8000),excellent uniformity,robust data retention(>105 s),and multilevel storage capabilities.Furthermore,the memristor demonstrates superior synaptic plasticity with linear long-term potentiation(LTP)and depression(LTD),achieving low non-linearity values of 1.36(LTP)and 0.66(LTD),and a recognition accuracy of 95.3%in an MNIST dataset simulation.The unique properties of the ZrO_(2-x) layer,particularly its ability to act as a dynamic oxygen vacancy reservoir,significantly enhance synaptic performance by stabilizing oxygen vacancy migration.These findings establish the OVR-trilayer memristor as a promising candidate for future neuromorphic computing and high-performance memory applications.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC,No.22371289).
文摘Photodynamic therapy(PDT)has received much attention in recent years.However,traditional photosensitizers(PSs)applied in PDT usually suffer from aggregation-caused quenching(ACQ)effect in H_(2)O,single and inefficient photochemical mechanism of action(MoA),poor cancer targeting ability,etc.In this work,two novel Ru(II)-based aggregation-induced emission(AIE)agents(Ru1 and Ru2)were developed.Both complexes exhibited long triplet excited lifetimes and nearly 100%singlet oxygen quantum yields in H_(2)O.In addition,Ru1 and Ru2 displayed potent photo-catalytic reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide(NADH)oxidation activity with turnover frequency(TOF)values of about 1779 and 2000 h^(−1),respectively.Therefore,both Ru1 and Ru2 showed efficient PDT activity towards a series of cancer cells.Moreover,Ru2 was further loaded in bovine serum albumin(BSA)to enhance the tumor targeting ability in vivo,and the obtained Ru2@BSA could selectively accumulate in tumor tissues and effectively inhibit tumor growth on a 4T1 tumor-bearing mouse model.So far as we know,this work represents the first report about Ru(Ⅱ)-)AIE agents that possess high singlet oxygen quantum yields and also potent photocatalytic NADH oxidation activity,and may provide new ideas for rational design of novel PSs with efficient PDT activity.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.52174321,52274339 and 52074186).
文摘The reaction behavior between CaO–Al_(2)O_(3)–La_(2)O_(3)-based slags and La-bearing FeCrAl melt was quantitatively characterized,which was further compared with the reaction behavior of CaO–SiO_(2)-based slags.Based on this,the new type of mold flux for La-bearing FeCrAl alloy continuous casting was designed and its basic properties were evaluated.The results showed that the order of reaction degree of fluxing agents in CaO–Al_(2)O_(3)–La_(2)O_(3)-based slags is(Na_(2)O)>(B_(2)O_(3))>(Li_(2)O),and the percentages of mass change of fluxing agents were 85.8,54.29 and 42.35 wt.%,respectively.Moreover,the addition of(Li_(2)O)and(Na_(2)O)promoted the reaction between(CaO)and[Al],and the reaction degree of the former was weaker than that of the latter,which was due to the greater effect of(Na_(2)O)on the activity of(CaO)and(Al_(2)O_(3))than(Li_(2)O).Compared with the reactivity of CaO–SiO_(2)-based slags,the percentages of mass change of Al and La caused by slag–steel reaction decreased by 10.63–14.36 and 39.78–50.49 wt.%,respectively.The percentages of mass change of(Al_(2)O_(3)),(La_(2)O_(3))and(CaO)in slags highest increased by 17.71,17.98,and 7.81 wt.%,respectively.The reactivity of CaO–Al_(2)O_(3)–La_(2)O_(3)-based slags was significantly weakened.Ultimately,the new type of mold flux was designed and the composition range was determined.The fundamental properties of new mold flux basically meet the theoretical requirements for La-bearing FeCrAl alloy continuous casting.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(71901212)the Science and Technology Innovation Program of Hunan Province(2020RC4046).
文摘The belief rule-based(BRB)system has been popular in complexity system modeling due to its good interpretability.However,the current mainstream optimization methods of the BRB systems only focus on modeling accuracy but ignore the interpretability.The single-objective optimization strategy has been applied in the interpretability-accuracy trade-off by inte-grating accuracy and interpretability into an optimization objec-tive.But the integration has a greater impact on optimization results with strong subjectivity.Thus,a multi-objective optimiza-tion framework in the modeling of BRB systems with inter-pretability-accuracy trade-off is proposed in this paper.Firstly,complexity and accuracy are taken as two independent opti-mization goals,and uniformity as a constraint to give the mathe-matical description.Secondly,a classical multi-objective opti-mization algorithm,nondominated sorting genetic algorithm II(NSGA-II),is utilized as an optimization tool to give a set of BRB systems with different accuracy and complexity.Finally,a pipeline leakage detection case is studied to verify the feasibility and effectiveness of the developed multi-objective optimization.The comparison illustrates that the proposed multi-objective optimization framework can effectively avoid the subjectivity of single-objective optimization,and has capability of joint optimiz-ing the structure and parameters of BRB systems with inter-pretability-accuracy trade-off.
