Blood samples have traditionally been used as the main source of DNA for genetic analysis. How-ever, this source can be difficult in terms of collection, transportation, and long-term storage. In this study, we invest...Blood samples have traditionally been used as the main source of DNA for genetic analysis. How-ever, this source can be difficult in terms of collection, transportation, and long-term storage. In this study, we investigated whether human nail clippings could be used as a source of DNA for SNP genotyping, null-allele detection, and whole-genome amplification. From extracted nail DNA, we achieved amplicons up to a length of ~400 bp and >96% concordance for SNP genotyping and 100% concordance for null-allele detection compared to DNA derived from matched blood sam-ples. For whole-genome amplification, OmniPlex performed better than Multiple Displacement Amplification with a success rate of 89.3% and 76.8% for SNP genotyping and null-allele detection, respectively. Concordance was ~98% for both methods. When combined with OmniPlex whole-genome amplification, human nail clippings could potentially be used as an alternative to whole blood as a less invasive and more convenient source of DNA for genotyping studies.展开更多
Introduction Extensive Reading, as the name indicates, is a guide for students into the vast sea of knowledge. Reading demonstrates to students that there is no end in learning knowledge. However, reading and language...Introduction Extensive Reading, as the name indicates, is a guide for students into the vast sea of knowledge. Reading demonstrates to students that there is no end in learning knowledge. However, reading and language learning based on textbooks is far from enough because the knowledge from them is too narrow, the vocabulary is too limited and the contents are not current enough in these times of information exchange. Throughout my teaching experiments, I have found that newspaper clippings can become a very good way to bring more benefits to students’ learning than I expected. It can broaden the students’ horizons,展开更多
多模态命名实体识别(multi-modal named entity recognition,MNER)旨在利用文本和图像等多种模态信息识别文本中预定义类型的实体。尽管现有方法取得了一定的进展,但仍然面临一些挑战:(1)难以建立统一的表示来弥合不同模态之间的鸿沟。...多模态命名实体识别(multi-modal named entity recognition,MNER)旨在利用文本和图像等多种模态信息识别文本中预定义类型的实体。尽管现有方法取得了一定的进展,但仍然面临一些挑战:(1)难以建立统一的表示来弥合不同模态之间的鸿沟。(2)难以实现不同模态之间的高效语义交互。因此,提出了一种融合外部知识增强多模态命名实体识别模型。在模态表示阶段,该模型引入CLIP(contrastive language-image pre-training)模型,利用模型中蕴含的文本和图像先验跨模态知识信息,增强文本和图像的语义表示,弥补模态鸿沟。在模态融合阶段,设计了跨模态交叉注意力机制和跨模态门控机制实现模态信息融合,有效排除图像中的噪声信息,进一步增强语义交互;采用条件随机场(CRF)实现命名实体的识别。所提出的方法在公开数据集Twitter2015和Twitter2017上的F1值分别达到了75.35%和86.18%,证明了该方法的有效性。展开更多
图像描述生成算法是计算机视觉中的关键环节,旨在从给定的输入图像中预测相关文本信息,以实现对图像内容的准确理解与表达。提出一种借鉴平均教师算法的模型,并采用独特的双分支网络架构。为提升模型准确性与稳定性,在每个分支中引入位...图像描述生成算法是计算机视觉中的关键环节,旨在从给定的输入图像中预测相关文本信息,以实现对图像内容的准确理解与表达。提出一种借鉴平均教师算法的模型,并采用独特的双分支网络架构。为提升模型准确性与稳定性,在每个分支中引入位置前馈块。在图像特征提取方面,运用对比语言图像预训练(CLIP)方法,以获取图像的多层次特征,从而更好地捕捉图像的语义信息。在描述生成阶段,通过映射网络将图像特征转化为文本信息,进而利用GPT-2技术来提升预测的准确度与语义的连贯性。为验证模型性能,在Microsoft common objects in context(MSCOCO)和Flickr30k等图像描述数据集上进行充分的训练与测试。测试结果显示所提模型在两个数据集上均表现出色,证实其在图像描述生成任务中的高效性与实用性。研究为图像描述生成领域提供了新的思路与方法,具有深远的理论与实践意义。展开更多
文摘Blood samples have traditionally been used as the main source of DNA for genetic analysis. How-ever, this source can be difficult in terms of collection, transportation, and long-term storage. In this study, we investigated whether human nail clippings could be used as a source of DNA for SNP genotyping, null-allele detection, and whole-genome amplification. From extracted nail DNA, we achieved amplicons up to a length of ~400 bp and >96% concordance for SNP genotyping and 100% concordance for null-allele detection compared to DNA derived from matched blood sam-ples. For whole-genome amplification, OmniPlex performed better than Multiple Displacement Amplification with a success rate of 89.3% and 76.8% for SNP genotyping and null-allele detection, respectively. Concordance was ~98% for both methods. When combined with OmniPlex whole-genome amplification, human nail clippings could potentially be used as an alternative to whole blood as a less invasive and more convenient source of DNA for genotyping studies.
文摘Introduction Extensive Reading, as the name indicates, is a guide for students into the vast sea of knowledge. Reading demonstrates to students that there is no end in learning knowledge. However, reading and language learning based on textbooks is far from enough because the knowledge from them is too narrow, the vocabulary is too limited and the contents are not current enough in these times of information exchange. Throughout my teaching experiments, I have found that newspaper clippings can become a very good way to bring more benefits to students’ learning than I expected. It can broaden the students’ horizons,
文摘图像描述生成算法是计算机视觉中的关键环节,旨在从给定的输入图像中预测相关文本信息,以实现对图像内容的准确理解与表达。提出一种借鉴平均教师算法的模型,并采用独特的双分支网络架构。为提升模型准确性与稳定性,在每个分支中引入位置前馈块。在图像特征提取方面,运用对比语言图像预训练(CLIP)方法,以获取图像的多层次特征,从而更好地捕捉图像的语义信息。在描述生成阶段,通过映射网络将图像特征转化为文本信息,进而利用GPT-2技术来提升预测的准确度与语义的连贯性。为验证模型性能,在Microsoft common objects in context(MSCOCO)和Flickr30k等图像描述数据集上进行充分的训练与测试。测试结果显示所提模型在两个数据集上均表现出色,证实其在图像描述生成任务中的高效性与实用性。研究为图像描述生成领域提供了新的思路与方法,具有深远的理论与实践意义。
