This article reviews the research advances in traditional Chinese medicine rhubarb and its compound formulations in the treatment of sepsis,with particular emphasis on elucidating their mechanisms of action and clinic...This article reviews the research advances in traditional Chinese medicine rhubarb and its compound formulations in the treatment of sepsis,with particular emphasis on elucidating their mechanisms of action and clinical application value.Research has demonstrated that rhubarb and its compound formulations exert therapeutic effects via multiple targets and mechanisms,including anti-inflammatory actions,protection of the intestinal barrier,modulation of immune balance,inhibition of oxidative stress,and regulation of associated signaling pathways.Clinically,rhubarb has shown distinct advantages in enhancing gastrointestinal function,mitigating systemic inflammatory responses,and reducing mortality rates among patients with sepsis.These findings provide a foundational reference for the integrated prevention and treatment of sepsis through the combined use of traditional Chinese and Western medicine.展开更多
In this review research,the full bio-medical potential and application of the severe acute respiratory syndrome(SARS)-CoV-2 viruses are discussed in detail with the aim of discovering innovative treatment strategies i...In this review research,the full bio-medical potential and application of the severe acute respiratory syndrome(SARS)-CoV-2 viruses are discussed in detail with the aim of discovering innovative treatment strategies in virology and medicine.The SARS-CoV-2 which caused an international health crisis also unraveled an opportunity to gain from its pathogenic effects to treat the affected people.The study aims at testing whether the newly discovered SARS-CoV-2 can be used for therapeutic and clinical purposes.With in-depth analytics,this investigation issue endeavors to unearth new ways of fighting infectious diseases and to improve existing medical interventions.Beside scientific and practical significance the role of this work is vital.By learning the biologic and molecular mysteries of SARS-CoV-2,the researchers can create precise medicines and vaccines not only against COVID-19 but also the other infectious diseases as well.Furthermore,this recommendation may open the door to the future development of gene therapy and vaccine technology.In this sense,it combines multiple approaches,such as viral studies,immunology,and molecular biology.Laboratory experiments,computer program modeling and clinical trials are applied to detection of the SARS-COV-2 in therapeutic implementation.The principal conclusion and analysis of this research put forth the fact that SARS-CoV-2 can be utilized in anti-viral treatment,cancer therapy,and vaccine programs.The study results confirm the inherent adaptability of viruses like SARS-CoV-2 and emphasis on the development of specific therapeutic measures.It is valuable because of its potential to add to virology and medication,showing new ways for virus-based treatment.In addition,the impact of these results on treatments would be revolutionary,with potential to invent superior and flexible interventions against infectious disease.In short,the therapeutic use of SARS-CoV-2 can be regarded as a bold innovation with tremendous consequences for general health,and ultimately for medical science.展开更多
The integration of artificial intelligence(AI)into the realm of robotic urologic surgery represents a remarkable paradigm shift in the field of urology and surgical healthcare.AI,with its advanced data analysis and ma...The integration of artificial intelligence(AI)into the realm of robotic urologic surgery represents a remarkable paradigm shift in the field of urology and surgical healthcare.AI,with its advanced data analysis and machine learning capabilities,has not only expedited the evolution of robotic surgical procedures but also significantly improved diagnostic accuracy and surgical outcomes.展开更多
The intricate interactions between immune cells and tumors exert a profound influence on cancer progression and therapeutic efficacy.Within the tumor microenvironment,exosomes have emerged as pivotal mediators of inte...The intricate interactions between immune cells and tumors exert a profound influence on cancer progression and therapeutic efficacy.Within the tumor microenvironment,exosomes have emerged as pivotal mediators of intercellular communication,with their cargo of non-coding RNAs(ncRNAs)serving as key regulatory elements.This review examines the multifaceted roles of immune cell-derived exosomal ncRNAs in tumor biology.The involvement of various immune cells,including T cells,B cells,natural killer cells,macrophages,neutrophils,and myeloid-derived suppressor cells,in utilizing exosomal ncRNAs to regulate tumor initiation and progression is explored.Additionally,the biogenesis and delivery mechanisms of these immune cell-derived exosomal ncRNAs are discussed,alongside their potential clinical applications in cancer.展开更多
As a traditional medicinal and edible herb,Danggui(Angelicae Sinensis Radix)exhibits pharmacological activities closely associated with its characteristic chemical components,such as volatile oils(e.g.,ligustilide),or...As a traditional medicinal and edible herb,Danggui(Angelicae Sinensis Radix)exhibits pharmacological activities closely associated with its characteristic chemical components,such as volatile oils(e.g.,ligustilide),organic acids(e.g.,ferulic acid),and polysaccharides.It demonstrates a wide range of pharmacological effects,including anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory properties,cardiovascular and cerebrovascular protection,neuroprotective functions,blood glucose regulation,antitumor activity,and hematopoietic promotion.Clinically,Danggui(Angelicae Sinensis Radix)is often combined with other Chinese herbs to treat immune-related disorders,cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases,neurodegenerative conditions,diabetes,and cancer.Although existing studies have identified some active components,the mechanisms and pharmacological roles of many others remain underexplored.Future research should focus on systematically analyzing diverse active constituents such as flavonoids,coumarins,amino acids,bioactive peptides,trace elements,and vitamins.Integrating multiomics and molecular docking technologies will help elucidate key targets and molecular mechanisms underlying its anti-inflammatory,antioxidant,and immunomodulatory effects,thereby facilitating the development of precise therapies based on multicomponent synergy.Additionally,in-depth investigation of herb-pairing effects and establishment of scientific quality control standards are essential to expand clinical applications and enhance the medicinal value of this traditional herb.展开更多
Jing Fang granules(JFG)are a modern Chinese medicinal formulation derived from Jing Fang Defeating Toxin San(JFDS).JFG primarily contains bioactive compounds such as flavonoids/flavonoid glycosides,coumarins and other...Jing Fang granules(JFG)are a modern Chinese medicinal formulation derived from Jing Fang Defeating Toxin San(JFDS).JFG primarily contains bioactive compounds such as flavonoids/flavonoid glycosides,coumarins and other components,which have various activities:anti-inflammatory,immune system regulation,antiviral,anti-aging,detoxification,and protection of the liver,lungs,and kidneys.JFG has broad potential therapeutic applications.The mechanisms of JFG’s actions are primarily associated with signaling pathways such as TLR4/NF-κB,PI3K/AKT,and MAPK.This article reviews the research progress on JFG,including chemical composition,pharmacologic effects,mechanism of action,safety,clinical application,etc.,serving as a foundation for future research and clinical applications.展开更多
Biofeedback is a behavioral intervention technology based on psychophysiology,which uses various electronic devices to collect the physiological activities of individuals in real time and provides them to themselves t...Biofeedback is a behavioral intervention technology based on psychophysiology,which uses various electronic devices to collect the physiological activities of individuals in real time and provides them to themselves through various ways,so that people can actively change their own physiological changes when they perceive the changes in some physiological functions of their own,and consciously control the physiological functions of various aspects of the autonomic nervous system within a fixed range.It can play a role in improving physical health status,preventing and treating some somatic diseases.Studies have shown that biofeedback relaxation training can make the training subjects learn to regulate their own physiological functions and psychological activities,improve negative emotional states such as depression and anxiety by regulating the body function,and can also be used to assist in the treatment of other clinical diseases.As a new psychological intervention,biofeedback relaxation training has great development potential and can be better applied to the prevention and treatment of physical and mental diseases in the general population in the future.展开更多
In this editorial,we comment on the hard and soft tissue applications of different ceramic-based scaffolds prepared by different mechanisms such as 3D printing,sol-gel,and electrospinning.The new concept of regenerati...In this editorial,we comment on the hard and soft tissue applications of different ceramic-based scaffolds prepared by different mechanisms such as 3D printing,sol-gel,and electrospinning.The new concept of regenerative medicine relies on biomaterials that can trigger in situ tissue regeneration and stem cell recruitment at the defect site.A large percentage of these biomaterials is ceramic-based as they provide the essential requirements of biomaterial principles such as tailored multisize porosity,antibacterial properties,and angiogenic properties.All these previously mentioned properties put bioceramics on top of the hierarchy of biomaterials utilized to stimulate tissue regeneration in soft and hard tissue wounds.Multiple clinical applications registered the use of these materials in triggering soft tissue regeneration in healthy and diabetic patients such as bioactive glass nanofibers.The results were promising and opened new frontiers for utilizing these materials on a larger scale.The same results were mentioned when using different forms and formulas of bioceramics in hard defect regeneration.Some bioceramics were used in combination with other polymers and biological scaffolds to improve their regenerative and mechanical properties.All this progress will enable a larger scale of patients to receive such services with ease and decrease the financial burden on the government.展开更多
The application of single-cell RNA sequencing(scRNA-seq)in biomedical research has advanced our understanding of the pathogenesis of disease and provided valuable insights into new diagnostic and therapeutic strategie...The application of single-cell RNA sequencing(scRNA-seq)in biomedical research has advanced our understanding of the pathogenesis of disease and provided valuable insights into new diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.With the expansion of capacity for high-throughput scRNA-seq,including clinical samples,the analysis of these huge volumes of data has become a daunting prospect for researchers entering this field.Here,we review the workflow for typical scRNA-seq data analysis,covering raw data processing and quality control,basic data analysis applicable for almost all scRNA-seq data sets,and advanced data analysis that should be tailored to specific scientific questions.While summarizing the current methods for each analysis step,we also provide an online repository of software and wrapped-up scripts to support the implementation.Recommendations and caveats are pointed out for some specific analysis tasks and approaches.We hope this resource will be helpful to researchers engaging with scRNA-seq,in particular for emerging clinical applications.展开更多
As one group of the most widely used oral antibacterial drugs, macrolides have been clinically applied for more than 50 years because of their safety and efficacy. Recently, the non-antibacterial applications of macro...As one group of the most widely used oral antibacterial drugs, macrolides have been clinically applied for more than 50 years because of their safety and efficacy. Recently, the non-antibacterial applications of macrolides are frequently reported, such as the therapy of malignant tumor, exudative pleurisy, pulmonary fibrosis, rheumatoid arthritis, bronchiectasis, asthma, gastrointestinal peristalsis disorders, and so on with new pharmacological effects, including reverse of tumor resistance, anti-chemical adherence, anti-fibrosis, and modulations of gastrointestinal motility as well as immune activity. The in-depth research of marcolides’ non-antibiotic actions can not only extend the application fields of macrolides, but provide a new way to treat some refractory diseases.展开更多
Ischemic stroke is a serious cerebrovascular disease with high morbidity and mortality.As a result of ischemia-reperfusion,a cascade of pathophysiological responses is triggered by the imbalance in metabolic supply an...Ischemic stroke is a serious cerebrovascular disease with high morbidity and mortality.As a result of ischemia-reperfusion,a cascade of pathophysiological responses is triggered by the imbalance in metabolic supply and demand,resulting in cell loss.These cellular injuries follow various molecular mechanisms solely or in combination with this disorder.Mitochondria play a driving role in the pathophysiological processes of ischemic stroke.Once ischemic stroke occurs,damaged cells would respond to such stress through mitophagy.Mitophagy is known as a conservatively selective autophagy,contributing to the removal of excessive protein aggregates and damaged intracellular components,as well as aging mitochondria.Moderate mitophagy may exert neuroprotection against stroke.Several pathways associated with the mitochondrial network collectively contribute to recovering the homeostasis of the neurovascular unit.However,excessive mitophagy would also promote ischemia-reperfusion injury.Therefore,mitophagy is a double-edged sword,which suggests that maximizing the benefits of mitophagy is one of the direction of future efforts.This review emphasized the role of mitophagy in ischemic stroke,and highlighted the crosstalk between mitophagy and apoptosis/necroptosis.展开更多
Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) neutrophil-activating protein (HP-NAP) was originally identified as a virulence factor of H. pylori for its ability to activate neutrophils to generate respiratory burst by releasing re...Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) neutrophil-activating protein (HP-NAP) was originally identified as a virulence factor of H. pylori for its ability to activate neutrophils to generate respiratory burst by releasing reactive oxygen species. Later on, HP-NAP was also found to be involved in the protection of H. pylori from DNA damage, supporting the survival of H. pylori under oxidative stress. This protein is highly conserved and expressed by virtually all clinical isolates of H. pylori. The majority of patients infected with H. pylori produced antibodies specific for HP-NAP, suggesting its important role in immunity. In addition to acting as a pathogenic factor by activating the innate immunity through a wide range of human leukocytes, including neutrophils, monocytes, and mast cells, HP-NAP also mediates adaptive immunity through the induction of T helper cell type I responses. The pro-inflammatory and immunomodulatory properties of HP-NAP not only make it play an important role in disease pathogenesis but also make it a potential candidate for clinical use. Even though there is no convincing evidence to link HP-NAP to a disease outcome, recent findings supporting the pathogenic role of HP-NAP will be reviewed. In addition, the potential clinical applications of HP-NAP in vaccine development, clinical diagnosis, and drug development will be discussed.展开更多
Photodynamic therapy(PDT)has received increased attention since the regulatory approvals of several photosensitizers and light applicators in numerous countries and regions around the world.In recent years,much progre...Photodynamic therapy(PDT)has received increased attention since the regulatory approvals of several photosensitizers and light applicators in numerous countries and regions around the world.In recent years,much progress has been seen in basic research as well as clinical application.PDT clinical application has now extended from treating malignant diseases to nonmalignant diseases.This review article will present recent clinical data published in English journals.The data will be organized according to their clinical specialties.The new development and future direction in clinical applications of PDT for the management of both malignant and nonmalignant diseases will be discussed.展开更多
Photon counting detectors(PCDs) have attained w ide use in X-ray imaging for various preclinical and clinical applications in the past decade. This paper briefly review s the preclinical and clinical applications of P...Photon counting detectors(PCDs) have attained w ide use in X-ray imaging for various preclinical and clinical applications in the past decade. This paper briefly review s the preclinical and clinical applications of PCDs based X-ray imaging systems.Starting with an introduction of X-ray single photon detection mechanism,the brief review first describes tw o major advantages of utilizing PCDs: photon energy resolving capability and electronic noise elimination. Compared to energy integrating detectors(EIDs),the aforementioned advantages make PCDs more favorable in X-ray imaging with profound benefits such as enhanced tissue contrast,decreased image noise,increased signal to noise ratio,decreased radiation dose to the small animals and patients,and more accurate material decomposition. The utilizations of PCDs in X-ray projection radiography and computed tomography(CT)including micro-CT,dedicated breast CT,K-edge CT,and clinical CT are then review ed for the imaging applications ranging from phantoms to small animals and humans. In addition,optimization methods aiming to improve the imaging performance using PCDs are briefly review ed. PCDs are not flaw less though,and their limitations are also discussed in this review. Nevertheless,PCDs may continuously contribute to the advancement of X-ray imaging techniques in future preclinical and clinical applications.展开更多
Rhodiola crenulata(Hook.F.et Thoms.)H.Ohba(Hongjingtian,RC)thrives mainly in high-altitude regions including but not limited to the Himalayan region,Xizang areas in China,northwest Yunnan,and Western Sichuan.(1.2)The ...Rhodiola crenulata(Hook.F.et Thoms.)H.Ohba(Hongjingtian,RC)thrives mainly in high-altitude regions including but not limited to the Himalayan region,Xizang areas in China,northwest Yunnan,and Western Sichuan.(1.2)The dried root and rhizome of RC have a long history of medicinal use,primarily valued for its adaptogenic effects and significant potential for further development.展开更多
RNA modifications have emerged as a dynamic and rapidly evolving field in the life sciences,captivating the attention of researchers worldwide due to their profound implications in diverse biological processes and dis...RNA modifications have emerged as a dynamic and rapidly evolving field in the life sciences,captivating the attention of researchers worldwide due to their profound implications in diverse biological processes and disease mechanisms.This special issue aims to compile a comprehensive array of cutting-edge research papers that delve into the multifaceted roles of RNA modifications,offering novel insights and advancing our understanding of this intricate regulatory layer.展开更多
The combination of low‐consumption microfluidic chips and high‐sensitivity biosensors enables rapid and accurate detection of complex target analytes.This integrated system holds significant potential for applicatio...The combination of low‐consumption microfluidic chips and high‐sensitivity biosensors enables rapid and accurate detection of complex target analytes.This integrated system holds significant potential for applications in disease diagnosis,health monitoring,and treatment management.Advances in novel biomaterials have led to device integration into wearable and implantable systems for point‐of‐care testing.Here,we review recent advances in microfluidic biosensors for clinical applications in detecting nucleic acids,proteins,metabolites,pathogens,and cellular components.We outline the prospects of integrated devices based on microfluidic biosensors for the analysis of biofluids such as sweat and discuss the remaining challenges facing the clinical application of microfluidic biosensors.展开更多
The interleukin-17 family is the key group of cytokines and displays a broad spectrum of biological functions,including regulating the inflammatory cascade in various autoimmune and inflammatory diseases,such as multi...The interleukin-17 family is the key group of cytokines and displays a broad spectrum of biological functions,including regulating the inflammatory cascade in various autoimmune and inflammatory diseases,such as multiple sclerosis,neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder,myasthenia gravis,Guillain–Barre syndrome,acute disseminated encephalomyelitis,diabetes,inflammatory skin diseases,joint inflammation,and cancer.Although the function of the interleukin-17 family has attracted increasing research attention over many years,the expression,function,and regulation mechanisms of different interleukin-17 members are complicated and still only partially understood.Currently,the interleukin-17A pathway is considered a critical therapeutic target for numerous immune and chronic inflammatory diseases,with several monoclonal antibodies against interleukin-17A having been successfully used in clinical practice.Whether other interleukin-17 members have the potential to be targeted in other diseases is still debated.This review first summarizes the recent advancements in understanding the physicochemical properties,physiological functions,cellular origins,and downstream signaling pathways of different members and corresponding receptors of the interleukin-17 family.Subsequently,the function of interleukin-17 in various immune diseases is discussed,and the important role of interleukin-17 in the pathological process of immune diseases is demonstrated from multiple perspectives.Then,the current status of targeted interleukin-17 therapy is summarized,and the effectiveness and safety of targeted interleukin-17 therapy are analyzed.Finally,the clinical application prospects of targeting the interleukin-17 pathway are discussed.展开更多
Recent advancements in cancer immunotherapy have highlighted glypican-3(GPC3)as a prominent target for treating hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).However,approximately 10%to 30%of HCC patients exhibit low or absent GPC3 e...Recent advancements in cancer immunotherapy have highlighted glypican-3(GPC3)as a prominent target for treating hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).However,approximately 10%to 30%of HCC patients exhibit low or absent GPC3 expression on the surface of tumor cells,which limits the feasibility of GPC3-targeted therapies.Consequently,it is essential for patients to undergo pre-diagnostic assessments of GPC3 expression in tumor cells to evaluate their suitability for GPC3-directed therapy.Although various methods have been developed to specifically detect GPC3 as a biomarker for treatment and prognosis,the diagnostic approaches currently employed in clinical studies remain relatively limited.Here,we provide a comprehensive overview of the clinical development of GPC3-targeted therapeutics,clinical trials in GPC3-positive HCC,and current methods for detecting GPC3 expression,highlighting their advantages and limitations.Furthermore,we explore the potential of integrating targeted therapy with various GPC3 detection modalities tailored to different pathological stages.This integration not only provides insights into the selection of effective methods for detecting GPC3 expression but also has the potential to significantly improve the clinical outcomes of patients with liver cancer.By simultaneously assessing the advantages and disadvantages of these methods,this review aims to establish a theoretical foundation for the clinical selection of appropriate GPC3 detection strategies for targeted therapy.展开更多
Ganmai Dazao Decoction,originating from“Jin Gui Yao Lue”(Synopsis of the Golden Chamber),is a classical prescription for treating visceral agitation.Composed of three medicinal and edible substances-licorice(Gancao)...Ganmai Dazao Decoction,originating from“Jin Gui Yao Lue”(Synopsis of the Golden Chamber),is a classical prescription for treating visceral agitation.Composed of three medicinal and edible substances-licorice(Gancao),wheat(Xiaomai),and jujube(Dazao),it functions to nourish the heart and calm the mind,harmonize the middle burner and regulate Qi,and alleviate urgency and restlessness.As its clinical application has expanded from traditional emotional disorders to neurological,endocrine,and various psychosomatic diseases,establishing a scientifically precise quality control system and deeply elucidating its pharmacodynamic material basis and mechanism of action have become critical tasks.Modern analytical methods,typified by chromatography,spectroscopy,and their hyphenated techniques,with their high sensitivity,high resolution,and powerful substance characterization capabilities,have become the core driving force for standardizing the quality control and modernizing the clinical application research of this formula.This paper systematically reviews the progress of the aforementioned analytical techniques and chemometrics in interpreting the chemical composition,establishing fingerprint profiles,controlling process quality,and researching the pharmacodynamic material basis of Ganmai Dazao Decoction.Furthermore,it discusses integrated approaches combining analytical techniques with pharmacology and clinical medicine to reveal mechanisms of action and explore therapeutic biomarkers.Finally,it provides an outlook on future directions and challenges,including technological integration and innovation,standardization of whole-process quality control systems,and evidence-based research aimed at internationalization.展开更多
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(82374346)Double Hundred Outstanding Young and Middle-aged Medical and Health Talents of Wuxi City(BJ2023071)Scientific Research Project of Wuxi Municipal Health Commission(Q202358).
文摘This article reviews the research advances in traditional Chinese medicine rhubarb and its compound formulations in the treatment of sepsis,with particular emphasis on elucidating their mechanisms of action and clinical application value.Research has demonstrated that rhubarb and its compound formulations exert therapeutic effects via multiple targets and mechanisms,including anti-inflammatory actions,protection of the intestinal barrier,modulation of immune balance,inhibition of oxidative stress,and regulation of associated signaling pathways.Clinically,rhubarb has shown distinct advantages in enhancing gastrointestinal function,mitigating systemic inflammatory responses,and reducing mortality rates among patients with sepsis.These findings provide a foundational reference for the integrated prevention and treatment of sepsis through the combined use of traditional Chinese and Western medicine.
文摘In this review research,the full bio-medical potential and application of the severe acute respiratory syndrome(SARS)-CoV-2 viruses are discussed in detail with the aim of discovering innovative treatment strategies in virology and medicine.The SARS-CoV-2 which caused an international health crisis also unraveled an opportunity to gain from its pathogenic effects to treat the affected people.The study aims at testing whether the newly discovered SARS-CoV-2 can be used for therapeutic and clinical purposes.With in-depth analytics,this investigation issue endeavors to unearth new ways of fighting infectious diseases and to improve existing medical interventions.Beside scientific and practical significance the role of this work is vital.By learning the biologic and molecular mysteries of SARS-CoV-2,the researchers can create precise medicines and vaccines not only against COVID-19 but also the other infectious diseases as well.Furthermore,this recommendation may open the door to the future development of gene therapy and vaccine technology.In this sense,it combines multiple approaches,such as viral studies,immunology,and molecular biology.Laboratory experiments,computer program modeling and clinical trials are applied to detection of the SARS-COV-2 in therapeutic implementation.The principal conclusion and analysis of this research put forth the fact that SARS-CoV-2 can be utilized in anti-viral treatment,cancer therapy,and vaccine programs.The study results confirm the inherent adaptability of viruses like SARS-CoV-2 and emphasis on the development of specific therapeutic measures.It is valuable because of its potential to add to virology and medication,showing new ways for virus-based treatment.In addition,the impact of these results on treatments would be revolutionary,with potential to invent superior and flexible interventions against infectious disease.In short,the therapeutic use of SARS-CoV-2 can be regarded as a bold innovation with tremendous consequences for general health,and ultimately for medical science.
文摘The integration of artificial intelligence(AI)into the realm of robotic urologic surgery represents a remarkable paradigm shift in the field of urology and surgical healthcare.AI,with its advanced data analysis and machine learning capabilities,has not only expedited the evolution of robotic surgical procedures but also significantly improved diagnostic accuracy and surgical outcomes.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.82203056)the Natural Science Foundation of Liaoning Province(No.2023-BS-167)+1 种基金the Science and Technology Talent Innovation Support Plan of Dalian(NO.2022RQ091)the“1+X”program for Clinical Competency enhancement-Clinical Research Incubation Project of the Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University(No.2022LCYJYB01)。
文摘The intricate interactions between immune cells and tumors exert a profound influence on cancer progression and therapeutic efficacy.Within the tumor microenvironment,exosomes have emerged as pivotal mediators of intercellular communication,with their cargo of non-coding RNAs(ncRNAs)serving as key regulatory elements.This review examines the multifaceted roles of immune cell-derived exosomal ncRNAs in tumor biology.The involvement of various immune cells,including T cells,B cells,natural killer cells,macrophages,neutrophils,and myeloid-derived suppressor cells,in utilizing exosomal ncRNAs to regulate tumor initiation and progression is explored.Additionally,the biogenesis and delivery mechanisms of these immune cell-derived exosomal ncRNAs are discussed,alongside their potential clinical applications in cancer.
基金Key Scientific Research Projects of Henan Higher Education Institutions(21A320018).
文摘As a traditional medicinal and edible herb,Danggui(Angelicae Sinensis Radix)exhibits pharmacological activities closely associated with its characteristic chemical components,such as volatile oils(e.g.,ligustilide),organic acids(e.g.,ferulic acid),and polysaccharides.It demonstrates a wide range of pharmacological effects,including anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory properties,cardiovascular and cerebrovascular protection,neuroprotective functions,blood glucose regulation,antitumor activity,and hematopoietic promotion.Clinically,Danggui(Angelicae Sinensis Radix)is often combined with other Chinese herbs to treat immune-related disorders,cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases,neurodegenerative conditions,diabetes,and cancer.Although existing studies have identified some active components,the mechanisms and pharmacological roles of many others remain underexplored.Future research should focus on systematically analyzing diverse active constituents such as flavonoids,coumarins,amino acids,bioactive peptides,trace elements,and vitamins.Integrating multiomics and molecular docking technologies will help elucidate key targets and molecular mechanisms underlying its anti-inflammatory,antioxidant,and immunomodulatory effects,thereby facilitating the development of precise therapies based on multicomponent synergy.Additionally,in-depth investigation of herb-pairing effects and establishment of scientific quality control standards are essential to expand clinical applications and enhance the medicinal value of this traditional herb.
基金supported by the Key R&D Program of Shandong Province,China(No.2024TZXD067,2022SFGC0105)Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province(No.ZR2023QB021)+2 种基金Young Taishan Scholarship to Xuekui Xia(No.tsqn202103100)Jinan Talent Project for Universities(No.2021GXRC062,202228088)Key innovation Project and Science,Education and Industry Integration Innovation Pilot Project of Qilu University of Technology(Shandong Academy of Sciences)(No.2022JBZ01-06,2024ZDZX03,2023RCKY214).
文摘Jing Fang granules(JFG)are a modern Chinese medicinal formulation derived from Jing Fang Defeating Toxin San(JFDS).JFG primarily contains bioactive compounds such as flavonoids/flavonoid glycosides,coumarins and other components,which have various activities:anti-inflammatory,immune system regulation,antiviral,anti-aging,detoxification,and protection of the liver,lungs,and kidneys.JFG has broad potential therapeutic applications.The mechanisms of JFG’s actions are primarily associated with signaling pathways such as TLR4/NF-κB,PI3K/AKT,and MAPK.This article reviews the research progress on JFG,including chemical composition,pharmacologic effects,mechanism of action,safety,clinical application,etc.,serving as a foundation for future research and clinical applications.
基金The Basic Scientific Research Project of Colleges and Universities in 2022:HRV and Brain Electrophysiological Mechanism of Electromyography Biofeedback in Improving Depression and Anxiety of College Students(Project No.:LJKMZ20221274)。
文摘Biofeedback is a behavioral intervention technology based on psychophysiology,which uses various electronic devices to collect the physiological activities of individuals in real time and provides them to themselves through various ways,so that people can actively change their own physiological changes when they perceive the changes in some physiological functions of their own,and consciously control the physiological functions of various aspects of the autonomic nervous system within a fixed range.It can play a role in improving physical health status,preventing and treating some somatic diseases.Studies have shown that biofeedback relaxation training can make the training subjects learn to regulate their own physiological functions and psychological activities,improve negative emotional states such as depression and anxiety by regulating the body function,and can also be used to assist in the treatment of other clinical diseases.As a new psychological intervention,biofeedback relaxation training has great development potential and can be better applied to the prevention and treatment of physical and mental diseases in the general population in the future.
文摘In this editorial,we comment on the hard and soft tissue applications of different ceramic-based scaffolds prepared by different mechanisms such as 3D printing,sol-gel,and electrospinning.The new concept of regenerative medicine relies on biomaterials that can trigger in situ tissue regeneration and stem cell recruitment at the defect site.A large percentage of these biomaterials is ceramic-based as they provide the essential requirements of biomaterial principles such as tailored multisize porosity,antibacterial properties,and angiogenic properties.All these previously mentioned properties put bioceramics on top of the hierarchy of biomaterials utilized to stimulate tissue regeneration in soft and hard tissue wounds.Multiple clinical applications registered the use of these materials in triggering soft tissue regeneration in healthy and diabetic patients such as bioactive glass nanofibers.The results were promising and opened new frontiers for utilizing these materials on a larger scale.The same results were mentioned when using different forms and formulas of bioceramics in hard defect regeneration.Some bioceramics were used in combination with other polymers and biological scaffolds to improve their regenerative and mechanical properties.All this progress will enable a larger scale of patients to receive such services with ease and decrease the financial burden on the government.
基金suppor ted by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2022YFC2702502)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (32170742, 31970646, and 32060152)+7 种基金the Start Fund for Specially Appointed Professor of Jiangsu ProvinceHainan Province Science and Technology Special Fund (ZDYF2021SHFZ051)the Natural Science Foundation of Hainan Province (820MS053)the Start Fund for High-level Talents of Nanjing Medical University (NMUR2020009)the Marshal Initiative Funding of Hainan Medical University (JBGS202103)the Hainan Province Clinical Medical Center (QWYH202175)the Bioinformatics for Major Diseases Science Innovation Group of Hainan Medical Universitythe Shenzhen Science and Technology Program (JCYJ20210324140407021)
文摘The application of single-cell RNA sequencing(scRNA-seq)in biomedical research has advanced our understanding of the pathogenesis of disease and provided valuable insights into new diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.With the expansion of capacity for high-throughput scRNA-seq,including clinical samples,the analysis of these huge volumes of data has become a daunting prospect for researchers entering this field.Here,we review the workflow for typical scRNA-seq data analysis,covering raw data processing and quality control,basic data analysis applicable for almost all scRNA-seq data sets,and advanced data analysis that should be tailored to specific scientific questions.While summarizing the current methods for each analysis step,we also provide an online repository of software and wrapped-up scripts to support the implementation.Recommendations and caveats are pointed out for some specific analysis tasks and approaches.We hope this resource will be helpful to researchers engaging with scRNA-seq,in particular for emerging clinical applications.
文摘As one group of the most widely used oral antibacterial drugs, macrolides have been clinically applied for more than 50 years because of their safety and efficacy. Recently, the non-antibacterial applications of macrolides are frequently reported, such as the therapy of malignant tumor, exudative pleurisy, pulmonary fibrosis, rheumatoid arthritis, bronchiectasis, asthma, gastrointestinal peristalsis disorders, and so on with new pharmacological effects, including reverse of tumor resistance, anti-chemical adherence, anti-fibrosis, and modulations of gastrointestinal motility as well as immune activity. The in-depth research of marcolides’ non-antibiotic actions can not only extend the application fields of macrolides, but provide a new way to treat some refractory diseases.
基金This work was supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81971891,No.82172196,No.81772134 and No.81571939)Key Laboratory of Emergency and Trauma(Hainan Medical University)of Ministry of Education(No.KLET-202108)the College Students’Innovation and Entrepreneurship Project(No.S20210026020013).
文摘Ischemic stroke is a serious cerebrovascular disease with high morbidity and mortality.As a result of ischemia-reperfusion,a cascade of pathophysiological responses is triggered by the imbalance in metabolic supply and demand,resulting in cell loss.These cellular injuries follow various molecular mechanisms solely or in combination with this disorder.Mitochondria play a driving role in the pathophysiological processes of ischemic stroke.Once ischemic stroke occurs,damaged cells would respond to such stress through mitophagy.Mitophagy is known as a conservatively selective autophagy,contributing to the removal of excessive protein aggregates and damaged intracellular components,as well as aging mitochondria.Moderate mitophagy may exert neuroprotection against stroke.Several pathways associated with the mitochondrial network collectively contribute to recovering the homeostasis of the neurovascular unit.However,excessive mitophagy would also promote ischemia-reperfusion injury.Therefore,mitophagy is a double-edged sword,which suggests that maximizing the benefits of mitophagy is one of the direction of future efforts.This review emphasized the role of mitophagy in ischemic stroke,and highlighted the crosstalk between mitophagy and apoptosis/necroptosis.
基金Supported by National Science Council of Taiwan,No.NSC101-2311-B-007-007
文摘Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) neutrophil-activating protein (HP-NAP) was originally identified as a virulence factor of H. pylori for its ability to activate neutrophils to generate respiratory burst by releasing reactive oxygen species. Later on, HP-NAP was also found to be involved in the protection of H. pylori from DNA damage, supporting the survival of H. pylori under oxidative stress. This protein is highly conserved and expressed by virtually all clinical isolates of H. pylori. The majority of patients infected with H. pylori produced antibodies specific for HP-NAP, suggesting its important role in immunity. In addition to acting as a pathogenic factor by activating the innate immunity through a wide range of human leukocytes, including neutrophils, monocytes, and mast cells, HP-NAP also mediates adaptive immunity through the induction of T helper cell type I responses. The pro-inflammatory and immunomodulatory properties of HP-NAP not only make it play an important role in disease pathogenesis but also make it a potential candidate for clinical use. Even though there is no convincing evidence to link HP-NAP to a disease outcome, recent findings supporting the pathogenic role of HP-NAP will be reviewed. In addition, the potential clinical applications of HP-NAP in vaccine development, clinical diagnosis, and drug development will be discussed.
文摘Photodynamic therapy(PDT)has received increased attention since the regulatory approvals of several photosensitizers and light applicators in numerous countries and regions around the world.In recent years,much progress has been seen in basic research as well as clinical application.PDT clinical application has now extended from treating malignant diseases to nonmalignant diseases.This review article will present recent clinical data published in English journals.The data will be organized according to their clinical specialties.The new development and future direction in clinical applications of PDT for the management of both malignant and nonmalignant diseases will be discussed.
基金supported in part by a grant from the University of Oklahoma Charles and Peggy Stephenson Cancer Center funded by the Oklahoma Tobacco Settlement Endowment Trust
文摘Photon counting detectors(PCDs) have attained w ide use in X-ray imaging for various preclinical and clinical applications in the past decade. This paper briefly review s the preclinical and clinical applications of PCDs based X-ray imaging systems.Starting with an introduction of X-ray single photon detection mechanism,the brief review first describes tw o major advantages of utilizing PCDs: photon energy resolving capability and electronic noise elimination. Compared to energy integrating detectors(EIDs),the aforementioned advantages make PCDs more favorable in X-ray imaging with profound benefits such as enhanced tissue contrast,decreased image noise,increased signal to noise ratio,decreased radiation dose to the small animals and patients,and more accurate material decomposition. The utilizations of PCDs in X-ray projection radiography and computed tomography(CT)including micro-CT,dedicated breast CT,K-edge CT,and clinical CT are then review ed for the imaging applications ranging from phantoms to small animals and humans. In addition,optimization methods aiming to improve the imaging performance using PCDs are briefly review ed. PCDs are not flaw less though,and their limitations are also discussed in this review. Nevertheless,PCDs may continuously contribute to the advancement of X-ray imaging techniques in future preclinical and clinical applications.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.82204614 and No.82304755)Pioneer′and“Leading Goose”R&D Program of Zhejiang(No.2023C03004 and No.2025C01110)。
文摘Rhodiola crenulata(Hook.F.et Thoms.)H.Ohba(Hongjingtian,RC)thrives mainly in high-altitude regions including but not limited to the Himalayan region,Xizang areas in China,northwest Yunnan,and Western Sichuan.(1.2)The dried root and rhizome of RC have a long history of medicinal use,primarily valued for its adaptogenic effects and significant potential for further development.
文摘RNA modifications have emerged as a dynamic and rapidly evolving field in the life sciences,captivating the attention of researchers worldwide due to their profound implications in diverse biological processes and disease mechanisms.This special issue aims to compile a comprehensive array of cutting-edge research papers that delve into the multifaceted roles of RNA modifications,offering novel insights and advancing our understanding of this intricate regulatory layer.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.82172326).
文摘The combination of low‐consumption microfluidic chips and high‐sensitivity biosensors enables rapid and accurate detection of complex target analytes.This integrated system holds significant potential for applications in disease diagnosis,health monitoring,and treatment management.Advances in novel biomaterials have led to device integration into wearable and implantable systems for point‐of‐care testing.Here,we review recent advances in microfluidic biosensors for clinical applications in detecting nucleic acids,proteins,metabolites,pathogens,and cellular components.We outline the prospects of integrated devices based on microfluidic biosensors for the analysis of biofluids such as sweat and discuss the remaining challenges facing the clinical application of microfluidic biosensors.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundational of China(Key Program),No.U24A20692(to CJZ)the National Natural Science Foundational of China,Nos.82101414(to MLJ),82371355(to CJZ)+4 种基金the National Natural Science Foundational of China for Excellent Young Scholars,No.82022019(to CJZ)Sichuan Special Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars,No.24NSFJQ0052(to CJZ)The Innovation and Entrepreneurial Team of Sichuan Tianfu Emei Program,No.CZ2024018(to CJZ)Funding for Distinguished Young Scholars of Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital,No.30420230005(to CJZ)Funding for Distinguished Young Scholars of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China,No.A1098531023601381(to CJZ)。
文摘The interleukin-17 family is the key group of cytokines and displays a broad spectrum of biological functions,including regulating the inflammatory cascade in various autoimmune and inflammatory diseases,such as multiple sclerosis,neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder,myasthenia gravis,Guillain–Barre syndrome,acute disseminated encephalomyelitis,diabetes,inflammatory skin diseases,joint inflammation,and cancer.Although the function of the interleukin-17 family has attracted increasing research attention over many years,the expression,function,and regulation mechanisms of different interleukin-17 members are complicated and still only partially understood.Currently,the interleukin-17A pathway is considered a critical therapeutic target for numerous immune and chronic inflammatory diseases,with several monoclonal antibodies against interleukin-17A having been successfully used in clinical practice.Whether other interleukin-17 members have the potential to be targeted in other diseases is still debated.This review first summarizes the recent advancements in understanding the physicochemical properties,physiological functions,cellular origins,and downstream signaling pathways of different members and corresponding receptors of the interleukin-17 family.Subsequently,the function of interleukin-17 in various immune diseases is discussed,and the important role of interleukin-17 in the pathological process of immune diseases is demonstrated from multiple perspectives.Then,the current status of targeted interleukin-17 therapy is summarized,and the effectiveness and safety of targeted interleukin-17 therapy are analyzed.Finally,the clinical application prospects of targeting the interleukin-17 pathway are discussed.
基金supported by the Scientific Research Development Plan Project of North Sichuan Medical College[grant number CBY24-QDA38].
文摘Recent advancements in cancer immunotherapy have highlighted glypican-3(GPC3)as a prominent target for treating hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).However,approximately 10%to 30%of HCC patients exhibit low or absent GPC3 expression on the surface of tumor cells,which limits the feasibility of GPC3-targeted therapies.Consequently,it is essential for patients to undergo pre-diagnostic assessments of GPC3 expression in tumor cells to evaluate their suitability for GPC3-directed therapy.Although various methods have been developed to specifically detect GPC3 as a biomarker for treatment and prognosis,the diagnostic approaches currently employed in clinical studies remain relatively limited.Here,we provide a comprehensive overview of the clinical development of GPC3-targeted therapeutics,clinical trials in GPC3-positive HCC,and current methods for detecting GPC3 expression,highlighting their advantages and limitations.Furthermore,we explore the potential of integrating targeted therapy with various GPC3 detection modalities tailored to different pathological stages.This integration not only provides insights into the selection of effective methods for detecting GPC3 expression but also has the potential to significantly improve the clinical outcomes of patients with liver cancer.By simultaneously assessing the advantages and disadvantages of these methods,this review aims to establish a theoretical foundation for the clinical selection of appropriate GPC3 detection strategies for targeted therapy.
文摘Ganmai Dazao Decoction,originating from“Jin Gui Yao Lue”(Synopsis of the Golden Chamber),is a classical prescription for treating visceral agitation.Composed of three medicinal and edible substances-licorice(Gancao),wheat(Xiaomai),and jujube(Dazao),it functions to nourish the heart and calm the mind,harmonize the middle burner and regulate Qi,and alleviate urgency and restlessness.As its clinical application has expanded from traditional emotional disorders to neurological,endocrine,and various psychosomatic diseases,establishing a scientifically precise quality control system and deeply elucidating its pharmacodynamic material basis and mechanism of action have become critical tasks.Modern analytical methods,typified by chromatography,spectroscopy,and their hyphenated techniques,with their high sensitivity,high resolution,and powerful substance characterization capabilities,have become the core driving force for standardizing the quality control and modernizing the clinical application research of this formula.This paper systematically reviews the progress of the aforementioned analytical techniques and chemometrics in interpreting the chemical composition,establishing fingerprint profiles,controlling process quality,and researching the pharmacodynamic material basis of Ganmai Dazao Decoction.Furthermore,it discusses integrated approaches combining analytical techniques with pharmacology and clinical medicine to reveal mechanisms of action and explore therapeutic biomarkers.Finally,it provides an outlook on future directions and challenges,including technological integration and innovation,standardization of whole-process quality control systems,and evidence-based research aimed at internationalization.
