Two international conferences in November 2025 jointly outlined a profound transformation of climate governance.The Committee on Trade and Environment(CTE)of the World Trade Organization(WTO)held a conference in Genev...Two international conferences in November 2025 jointly outlined a profound transformation of climate governance.The Committee on Trade and Environment(CTE)of the World Trade Organization(WTO)held a conference in Geneva,Switzerland,on November 4,where the topic of cooperation on trade-related carbon standards aroused heated discussions.The Leaders'Summit of the 30th Conference of the Parties(COP)to the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change(UNFCCC)was held in Belém,Brazil,on November 7.At the meeting,the Open Coalition on Compliance Carbon Markets was officially launched with the initial membership of 11 economies including Brazil,China,and the EU.As the world's first transnational alliance on compliant carbon markets,the coalition aims to coordinate carbon pricing mechanisms,emission trading systems and related policies in various countries,and realize the interconnection of global compliance carbon market networks.展开更多
The Global Governance Initiative(GGI)is another important public good that China has provided for the international community,following the Global Development Initiative,the Global Security Initiative,and the Global C...The Global Governance Initiative(GGI)is another important public good that China has provided for the international community,following the Global Development Initiative,the Global Security Initiative,and the Global Civilization Initiative.As a sub-field of global governance,global climate governance has hitherto progressed slowly,exhibiting growing deficits in discourse,institutions,and actions.The governance paradigm is in desperate need of revamping,especially under the guidance of an innovative initiative.At the conceptual level,the GGI has gone beyond the Western governance discourse by outlining the institutional starting point,foundations of legitimacy,action orientations,ultimate goals,and practical support for good global climate governance through its five core concepts.At the practical level,the spillover effects of China's achievements in climate governance and the collective rise of the Global South have created favorable conditions,domestically and internationally,for the GGI to lead the way forward toward good global climate governance.However,the fact that the international political and economic order remains unjust and inequitable indicates that this will inevitably be a long-term process replete with rivalries in the pursuit of breakthroughs.展开更多
AT a critical juncture in global climate governance,where pressures on multilateral cooperation are mounting,collaboration between China and the European Union(EU),rooted in their shared pursuit of pragmatism and tang...AT a critical juncture in global climate governance,where pressures on multilateral cooperation are mounting,collaboration between China and the European Union(EU),rooted in their shared pursuit of pragmatism and tangible outcomes,has demonstrated unique resilience and value.展开更多
Presently,the full implementation of the negotiations and collaborations under the Paris Agreement faces new key problems and severe challenges.These problems and challenges include the following:how to honor the prin...Presently,the full implementation of the negotiations and collaborations under the Paris Agreement faces new key problems and severe challenges.These problems and challenges include the following:how to honor the principle of“common but differentiated responsibilities”to facilitate a comprehensive,balanced,and effective implementation of the key elements of the Paris Agreement,such as adaptation,mitigation,finance,technology,capacity building,and transparency;how to uphold and maintain the status of China and other emerging countries as developing countries in light of the requirements of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change and the historical responsibilities of these countries;and how to assess the goal of limiting the global temperature increase to 1.5℃and what constitutes an equitable carbon mitigation pathway for different types of countries.Developed countries and developing countries have drastically diverging views on carbon border adjustment measures for trade with developing countries proposed by several developed countries such as the European Union.Developed countries have demonstrated obvious intentions and actions designed to weaken and neglect the principle of“common but differentiated responsibilities”,to impose mitigation pressure on developing countries,to shift the responsibilities for emissions onto others,and to pass on the costs of mitigation.The maneuvering among different types of countries and interest groups has become increasingly intense.In response,China must maintain its strategic focus,adhere to the goals and principles established by the Paris Agreement,stick to its strategic positioning as a developing country,solidify strategic support from the developing world,and safeguard the legitimate rights and interests of developing countries.China played a conducive role in facilitating the Paris Agreement and has become an active participant,contributor,and leader in global climate governance.China must continue to follow Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era and its conception of ecological civilization and the concept of building a community of common destiny,to actively lead the cooperation process in the construction of a global climate governance system characterized by equity,justice,and win-win collaborations,and to promote compliance with the Paris Agreement.At the same time,China should accelerate the green,low-carbon,circular transformation of its economy;accelerate the coordinated governance of the economy,environment,and climate change;and formulate and implement a long-term low-carbon development strategy.By the middle of the 21st century,while achieving the goal of building a great modern socialist country,China can also achieve a deep decarbonization development path that is in line with the goal of limiting the global temperature increase to well below 2°C and pursuing efforts to limit the increase to 1.5℃.展开更多
The United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change(UNFCCC)has established a climate governance mechanism with intergovernmental negotiations among sovereign states as the core.After nearly 30 years,progress in ...The United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change(UNFCCC)has established a climate governance mechanism with intergovernmental negotiations among sovereign states as the core.After nearly 30 years,progress in combating climate change has remained very modest compared with the numerous challenges raised.The global climate governance has entered a new era,such that incorporating other factors into the governance process is timely.Therefore,the study emphasizes technological innovation and business actors in climate governance after the Paris Agreement.Technological innovation can provide effective solutions for combating climate change and has been a crucial driving force in climate governance's evolution.Business actors are significant because they are actual implementers of technological innovation and can apply different types of power and influence on climate governance processes at various levels.In summary,business actors,as well as technological innovation in line with governments and the UNFCCC governance frameworks,create a new potential for climate governance in the new era.展开更多
Science diplomacy is attracting increasing attention in the international relations literature.This study investigates how Chinese scientists understand this term and explores China’s dynamic praxis in Arctic climate...Science diplomacy is attracting increasing attention in the international relations literature.This study investigates how Chinese scientists understand this term and explores China’s dynamic praxis in Arctic climate governance.It conducts a theoretical and practical examination of science diplomacy in terms of three dimensions—science in diplomacy,diplomacy for science,and science for diplomacy—thus achieving a high degree of consistency.A multi-method approach,combining qualitative and quantitative research methodologies and involving the adoption of a literature review,participant interviews,and questionnaires,is adopted.Data were collected from interviews with 16 Chinese scientists involved in Arctic climate governance and from 130 valid questionnaires collected from Chinese natural scientists working in the climate change field.Drawing on qualitative and quantitative findings,the study reveals that the three-dimensional framework of science diplomacy can provide insight into Chinese scientists’understandings of the topic.In contrast to the participants’vague theoretical responses,the outlines of China’s Arctic climate governance can be clearly identified within this framework.The study concludes by underlining the tension between theory and practice in terms of science diplomacy and highlighting the emerging challenges for China in developing its Arctic science diplomacy against the background of the COVID-19 pandemic and Russia-Ukraine conflict.Moreover,it is suggested that,to further develop China’s Arctic science diplomacy,it is vital to take account of the deficiencies in China’s science diplomacy.The study’s empirical results contribute to an understanding of the dynamic nature of science diplomacy in the Chinese context.展开更多
Gender equality is a yardstick for measuring the progress of social civilization and an important goal for mankind to achieve sustainable development.The importance of women in the global governance of climate change ...Gender equality is a yardstick for measuring the progress of social civilization and an important goal for mankind to achieve sustainable development.The importance of women in the global governance of climate change is self-evident.During the global climate change governance,it is very crucial to focus on achieving gender equality.Under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change,which is the main channel of global climate change governance,the gender-specific climate change agenda started later than other topics and the progress is limited.This article summarized the progress,deficiencies and future directions of gender issues under the main channels of global climate governance,analyzed the current status of gender equality in Chinese climate response actions,and pointed out the progress and deficiencies of women in the fundamental scientific research and the participation in global governance and decision-making.Our research finds that in the current process of international climate change governance,gender issues have received adequate attention.While in China,despite the attention paid to gender issues,the practical action on gender equality is still out of the mainstream agenda.In the past few decades,Chinese women have made gratifying progress in basic scientific research on climate change and global climate governance,but there are still great insufficiencies in the field of decision-making.In the future,China needs to pay more attention to emphasize gender equality at the strategic level,and promote the formulation of policies and regulations in the field of gender and climate change.Increasing the proportion of women participating in decision-making and management in the field of climate change and disaster prevention and mitigation is also important.China also needs to focus on enabling a gender friendly environment and strengthening research on gender and climate change,support women's participation in relevant work,strengthen capacity-building,and enhance women's access to resources,funds,knowledge and information related to climate adaptation or mitigation.展开更多
The 30th session of the Conference of the Parties(COP30)to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change(UNFCCC)took place from 10 to 22 November 2025 in Belém,Brazil.Widely viewed as a pivotal moment...The 30th session of the Conference of the Parties(COP30)to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change(UNFCCC)took place from 10 to 22 November 2025 in Belém,Brazil.Widely viewed as a pivotal moment in global climate governance,COP30 attracted heightened interna-tional attention with the tenth anniversary of the Paris Agreement,marked a critical juncture for assessing global progress toward temperature goals.At the same time,2024 may become the hottest year on record,with global mean temperature exceeding the pre-industrial level by about 1.5℃for the first time(Figure 1).展开更多
Your Excellency Secretary General Antonio Guterres,Your Excellency President Luiz Inacio Lula da Silva,Colleagues,It is a great pleasure to join you virtually at the Leaders Meeting on Climate and the Just Transition....Your Excellency Secretary General Antonio Guterres,Your Excellency President Luiz Inacio Lula da Silva,Colleagues,It is a great pleasure to join you virtually at the Leaders Meeting on Climate and the Just Transition.This year marks the 10th anniversary of the Paris Agreement.Over the past decade,global climate governance has gone through winds and rains,but green and low-carbon development has eventually become a trend of our times.This year also marks the 80th anniversary of the founding of the United Nations.As unprecedented global changes unfold at a faster pace,humanity has come to a new crossroads.展开更多
BEIJING,Nov.25(Xinhua)-The northern Chinese city of Ordos,once thriving on the“black gold”of its vast coal reserves,is now emerging as an unlikely forerunner in China’s green transition,betting its future not on ca...BEIJING,Nov.25(Xinhua)-The northern Chinese city of Ordos,once thriving on the“black gold”of its vast coal reserves,is now emerging as an unlikely forerunner in China’s green transition,betting its future not on carbon but on green technology.展开更多
This article investigates how the twin transitions of digitalisation and decarbonisation jointly reshape the logic of global trade by creating new confgurations of“green risk”in digital trade.It argues that digital ...This article investigates how the twin transitions of digitalisation and decarbonisation jointly reshape the logic of global trade by creating new confgurations of“green risk”in digital trade.It argues that digital trade is environmentally ambivalent:if guided only by efciency and speed,energy-intensive data infrastructures,fragmented cross-border logistics and proliferating e-waste can lock in high-carbon development paths.Drawing on Environmental Kuznets Curve reasoning,new institutional economics and the technology–organisation–environment framework,the study develops a system-oriented“Digital Trade–Environment–Regulation”(DTER)model that captures feedback loops between trade expansion,carbon emissions and regulatory responses.On this basis,it constructs a three-pillar regulatory architecture centred on cost internalisation,information transparency and algorithmic steering,and embeds it in a system dynamics simulation framework.Scenario analysis of EU-type,China-type and US-type regimes illustrates how different combinations of carbon pricing,infrastructure policy and platform governance shift the timing and height of the emissions peak while reconfguring trade costs and market access conditions.The article concludes that well-designed green regulation can turn environmental compliance from a latent trade barrier into a driver of long-term competitiveness,provided that standards are interoperable,data governance is trusted and facilitation benefts are explicitly linked to credible low-carbon performance.展开更多
On 1 June 2017, the US President Donald Trump officially announced the withdrawal from the Paris Agreement, thus the study on the reasons of withdrawal, the potential impacts, and coping strategies has become a focus ...On 1 June 2017, the US President Donald Trump officially announced the withdrawal from the Paris Agreement, thus the study on the reasons of withdrawal, the potential impacts, and coping strategies has become a focus among policy circles and of the international community. Based on the self-developed US Policy Assessment Model, this paper systematically evaluates the three potential ＂major deficits＂ in terms of mitigation, climate finance, and global climate governance, as a result of the US withdrawal from the Paris Agreement and puts forward policy suggestions for coping with such transformations accordingly. The study shows that the United States ＇withdrawal from the Paris Agreement will affect the existence and implementation of successive climate policies and result in an additional 8.8-13.4% increase in the global emissions reduction deficit. The United States＇ withdrawal will also deteriorate the existing climate finance mechanism. The Green Climate Fund （GCF）＇s funding gap will increase by USS2 billion, while the gap of long-term climate finance will increase by about USS5 billion a year. Either the China-EU or the ＂BASIC plus＂ mechanism could fill the governance deficit caused by the United States and the lack of political momentum may continue for a while in the future.展开更多
Global climate governance has entered the era of carbon neutrality,as a growing number of countries have set the goal of carbon neutrality for long-term emissions reduction toward the mid-21st century.In 2020,China al...Global climate governance has entered the era of carbon neutrality,as a growing number of countries have set the goal of carbon neutrality for long-term emissions reduction toward the mid-21st century.In 2020,China also pledged itself to the goal of carbon neutrality,which creates an urgent demand for this country to establish a systematic and integrated national climate governance system.Against this background,this paper conducts a systematic literature review of climate governance systems from the perspectives of top-level design and the governance paradigm to bring insights into climate governance toward carbon neutrality.The results show that although there are interactions between decarbonization and other environmental,social and economic fields,research gaps still exist when enhancing climate governance toward carbon neutrality.For example,issues regarding incorporating climate factors into the overall economic and social layout,strengthening the capacity of data collection relevant to climate adaptation,integrating climate mitigation and adaption actions,as well as connecting domestic climate governance and international cooperation,need to be further addressed.In addition,within the national governance system,studies combining both regional and sectoral concerns and the intertemporal dynamic allocation mechanism need to be further addressed when China decomposes its national climate target.Moreover,the division of power between the central government and local government,as well as the communication scheme between government and non-state actors,also turns out to be important for effective governance.Based on this analysis,policy implications are further proposed for China’s formulation and implementation of long-term strategies of climate governance toward carbon neutrality.展开更多
China provides a compelling reference for how governments can promote global climate governance and sustainable innovative development.SENIOR government officials,technical experts,and policy researchers from 14 devel...China provides a compelling reference for how governments can promote global climate governance and sustainable innovative development.SENIOR government officials,technical experts,and policy researchers from 14 developing countries in Asia,Africa,Latin America,and Pacific Island countries gathered at Tsinghua University(THU),Beijing,on September 1-13,2025 for in-depth study and exchange on“climate finance and low-carbon transformation.”展开更多
As representatives of emerging economies,BRICS countries are increasingly prominent in global governance.The rapid economic development of BRICS countries is accompanied by a significant increase in greenhouse gas(GHG...As representatives of emerging economies,BRICS countries are increasingly prominent in global governance.The rapid economic development of BRICS countries is accompanied by a significant increase in greenhouse gas(GHG)emissions,and BRICS countries are paying increasing attention to climate change issues and actively participating in the construction of the international climate regime.The Paris Agreement was a historic breakthrough in international climate negotiations,and since then BRICS countries have strengthened multilateral and bilateral cooperation in energy efficiency,agricultural emission reduction and climate governance financing.Due to the constraints of technology,cooperation mechanism construction,financing,and other objective conditions,BRICS countries still face some challenges to further advance the global climate governance agenda with their group power in the short term.Whether BRICS countries can further advance the global climate governance agenda as a group in the post-Paris Agreement era depends on whether they can improve energy efficiency and optimize their energy mix,and whether they can deepen cooperation in agricultural emission reduction and climate finance.BRICS countries need to continue to promote clean energy development and low-carbon economic transformation,deepen the potential of climate cooperation in agricultural emission reduction,and give full play to the climate financing role of the New Development Bank,so as to further enhance the level of climate cooperation.At the same time,BRICS countries can widely involve developing countries in climate governance cooperation and strengthen dialogue and exchanges with other countries,so as to promote global climate governance in the post-Paris Agreement era.展开更多
Climate change has become one of the key issues affecting global society and economic development,and it is related to the sustainable development of mankind and the earth’s ecological system.Firstly,this research be...Climate change has become one of the key issues affecting global society and economic development,and it is related to the sustainable development of mankind and the earth’s ecological system.Firstly,this research begins with the important international conferences and agreements on Global Climate Governance,and analyzes the recent progress of the Paris Agreement,the Marrakech climate conference and the major progress of China&US climate cooperation and China’s contribution.Secondly,from the perspective of China’s adaptation and response to climate change,the main progress of climate change in China is reviewed from a multi-level perspective.The main scientific and technological progress and achievements in China’s response to climate change have been tracked.Finally,from the environmental risk areas,the future risks of climate change are predicted from six aspects,to contribute to the scientific and technological support program for climate change governance.展开更多
As climate crisis intensifies,increasing attention has been drawn to the low-carbon transition of energy and the development of new energy sources.However,recently,new energy development worldwide has faced growing ob...As climate crisis intensifies,increasing attention has been drawn to the low-carbon transition of energy and the development of new energy sources.However,recently,new energy development worldwide has faced growing obstacles,casting a shadow over its prospects.China’s achievements in new energy development are leading globally and have significantly contributed to global climate governance.Despite challenges,the future prospects of new energy development in China will significantly influence the global landscape of energy development and climate governance.展开更多
As global climate governance moves into the implementation phase,the integration of bluetech and clean energy has emerged as a key driver of green transition.On the occasion of the 50th anniversary of China-EU diploma...As global climate governance moves into the implementation phase,the integration of bluetech and clean energy has emerged as a key driver of green transition.On the occasion of the 50th anniversary of China-EU diplomatic relations,China and Portugal have built a multi-level cooperation framework in the“ocean+clean energy”domain,leveraging complementary resource endowments,technological synergies,and policy alignment.展开更多
The 26th Conference of the Parties(COP26)to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change(UNFCCC)was held in Glasgow a year later than scheduled,with expected outcomes achieved under a post-pandemic backgr...The 26th Conference of the Parties(COP26)to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change(UNFCCC)was held in Glasgow a year later than scheduled,with expected outcomes achieved under a post-pandemic background.Based on the Issue-Actor-Mechanism Framework,this paper systematically evaluates the outcomes achieved at COP26 and analyzes the tendency of post-COP26 climate negotiations.Overall,with the concerted efforts of all parties,COP26 has achieved a balanced and inclusive package of outcomes and concluded six years of negotiations on the Paris Rulebook.It is fair to say that COP26 is another milestone in climate governance following the implementation of the Paris Agreement.Meanwhile,the Glasgow Climate Pact has cemented the consensus on a global commitment to accelerating climate action over the next decade and reached a breakthrough consensus on reducing coal,controlling methane,and halting deforestation.In the post-COP26 era,we still need to take concrete actions to implement the outcomes of the Paris Agreement and the Glasgow Climate Pact,innovate ways to speed up CO_(2) emissions reduction,and continue to strive for breakthroughs in important issues such as finance,technology,adaptation,and collaboration.In addition to avoiding the escalation of international conflicts,we need to collectively and properly handle the relationship between energy security,carbon reduction,and development and facilitate the efforts of countries to achieve their Sustainable Development Goals(SDGs),including climate-related goals.China will continue to maintain the existing multilateral mechanisms and processes for climate governance,unremittingly take concrete actions to address climate change,promote a domestic comprehensive green transition and global cooperation on carbon neutrality,and contribute constructively to global climate governance.展开更多
China's present role in global climate governance has evolved through a long process including phases of adaptation, making an active contribution, and singular leadership. It has achieved the transition from part...China's present role in global climate governance has evolved through a long process including phases of adaptation, making an active contribution, and singular leadership. It has achieved the transition from participant to contributor and then to leader by introducing the norms of global climate governance into China at an early stage and adjusting the wider development model in the subsequent stages. It leads the setting of the global climate governance agenda and the emergence of new norms in global climate governance and promotes the extant deepening, fairness and justice of global climate governance. The report to the 20th National Congress of the CPC summarizes and makes further commitments to add to China's recent work in the fields of ecological protection and climate governance. In the future, China will play an even more active role in global climate governance, promote the development of a human community with a shared future, and make an even greater contribution to global climate security and sustainable development.展开更多
文摘Two international conferences in November 2025 jointly outlined a profound transformation of climate governance.The Committee on Trade and Environment(CTE)of the World Trade Organization(WTO)held a conference in Geneva,Switzerland,on November 4,where the topic of cooperation on trade-related carbon standards aroused heated discussions.The Leaders'Summit of the 30th Conference of the Parties(COP)to the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change(UNFCCC)was held in Belém,Brazil,on November 7.At the meeting,the Open Coalition on Compliance Carbon Markets was officially launched with the initial membership of 11 economies including Brazil,China,and the EU.As the world's first transnational alliance on compliant carbon markets,the coalition aims to coordinate carbon pricing mechanisms,emission trading systems and related policies in various countries,and realize the interconnection of global compliance carbon market networks.
基金2024 Shaanxi Provincial Social Science Fund Annual Project titled"Research on Chinese Modernization from the Perspective of Overseas Studies on the Communist Party of China"(Project Number:2024B002)a 2024 key project of Xi'an Jiaotong University for studying and expounding Xi Jinping Thought on Culture titled"Research on the World Implications of a New Model for Human Advancement"(Project Number:SKZX2024003)funded by the"Top Young Talents Project"(TZ0275)of Shaanxi Province's second batch of"Special Support Program for High-Level Talents"(Philosophy,Social Sciences,Culture,and Arts).
文摘The Global Governance Initiative(GGI)is another important public good that China has provided for the international community,following the Global Development Initiative,the Global Security Initiative,and the Global Civilization Initiative.As a sub-field of global governance,global climate governance has hitherto progressed slowly,exhibiting growing deficits in discourse,institutions,and actions.The governance paradigm is in desperate need of revamping,especially under the guidance of an innovative initiative.At the conceptual level,the GGI has gone beyond the Western governance discourse by outlining the institutional starting point,foundations of legitimacy,action orientations,ultimate goals,and practical support for good global climate governance through its five core concepts.At the practical level,the spillover effects of China's achievements in climate governance and the collective rise of the Global South have created favorable conditions,domestically and internationally,for the GGI to lead the way forward toward good global climate governance.However,the fact that the international political and economic order remains unjust and inequitable indicates that this will inevitably be a long-term process replete with rivalries in the pursuit of breakthroughs.
文摘AT a critical juncture in global climate governance,where pressures on multilateral cooperation are mounting,collaboration between China and the European Union(EU),rooted in their shared pursuit of pragmatism and tangible outcomes,has demonstrated unique resilience and value.
基金This research was supported by the Ministry of Science and Technology of the People’s Republic of China[Grant number.2018YFC 1509001]the National Natural Science Foundation of China[Grant number.72174105]by Tsinghua University-INDITEX Sustainable Development Fund[Grant number.TISD201909].
文摘Presently,the full implementation of the negotiations and collaborations under the Paris Agreement faces new key problems and severe challenges.These problems and challenges include the following:how to honor the principle of“common but differentiated responsibilities”to facilitate a comprehensive,balanced,and effective implementation of the key elements of the Paris Agreement,such as adaptation,mitigation,finance,technology,capacity building,and transparency;how to uphold and maintain the status of China and other emerging countries as developing countries in light of the requirements of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change and the historical responsibilities of these countries;and how to assess the goal of limiting the global temperature increase to 1.5℃and what constitutes an equitable carbon mitigation pathway for different types of countries.Developed countries and developing countries have drastically diverging views on carbon border adjustment measures for trade with developing countries proposed by several developed countries such as the European Union.Developed countries have demonstrated obvious intentions and actions designed to weaken and neglect the principle of“common but differentiated responsibilities”,to impose mitigation pressure on developing countries,to shift the responsibilities for emissions onto others,and to pass on the costs of mitigation.The maneuvering among different types of countries and interest groups has become increasingly intense.In response,China must maintain its strategic focus,adhere to the goals and principles established by the Paris Agreement,stick to its strategic positioning as a developing country,solidify strategic support from the developing world,and safeguard the legitimate rights and interests of developing countries.China played a conducive role in facilitating the Paris Agreement and has become an active participant,contributor,and leader in global climate governance.China must continue to follow Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era and its conception of ecological civilization and the concept of building a community of common destiny,to actively lead the cooperation process in the construction of a global climate governance system characterized by equity,justice,and win-win collaborations,and to promote compliance with the Paris Agreement.At the same time,China should accelerate the green,low-carbon,circular transformation of its economy;accelerate the coordinated governance of the economy,environment,and climate change;and formulate and implement a long-term low-carbon development strategy.By the middle of the 21st century,while achieving the goal of building a great modern socialist country,China can also achieve a deep decarbonization development path that is in line with the goal of limiting the global temperature increase to well below 2°C and pursuing efforts to limit the increase to 1.5℃.
文摘The United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change(UNFCCC)has established a climate governance mechanism with intergovernmental negotiations among sovereign states as the core.After nearly 30 years,progress in combating climate change has remained very modest compared with the numerous challenges raised.The global climate governance has entered a new era,such that incorporating other factors into the governance process is timely.Therefore,the study emphasizes technological innovation and business actors in climate governance after the Paris Agreement.Technological innovation can provide effective solutions for combating climate change and has been a crucial driving force in climate governance's evolution.Business actors are significant because they are actual implementers of technological innovation and can apply different types of power and influence on climate governance processes at various levels.In summary,business actors,as well as technological innovation in line with governments and the UNFCCC governance frameworks,create a new potential for climate governance in the new era.
基金supported by the National Office for Philosophy and Social Sciences as part of the project titled“Strategic Competition and Cooperation in the Arctic among China,Russia,and the United States from the Perspective of Sustainable Development”(Grant no.20BGJ045)。
文摘Science diplomacy is attracting increasing attention in the international relations literature.This study investigates how Chinese scientists understand this term and explores China’s dynamic praxis in Arctic climate governance.It conducts a theoretical and practical examination of science diplomacy in terms of three dimensions—science in diplomacy,diplomacy for science,and science for diplomacy—thus achieving a high degree of consistency.A multi-method approach,combining qualitative and quantitative research methodologies and involving the adoption of a literature review,participant interviews,and questionnaires,is adopted.Data were collected from interviews with 16 Chinese scientists involved in Arctic climate governance and from 130 valid questionnaires collected from Chinese natural scientists working in the climate change field.Drawing on qualitative and quantitative findings,the study reveals that the three-dimensional framework of science diplomacy can provide insight into Chinese scientists’understandings of the topic.In contrast to the participants’vague theoretical responses,the outlines of China’s Arctic climate governance can be clearly identified within this framework.The study concludes by underlining the tension between theory and practice in terms of science diplomacy and highlighting the emerging challenges for China in developing its Arctic science diplomacy against the background of the COVID-19 pandemic and Russia-Ukraine conflict.Moreover,it is suggested that,to further develop China’s Arctic science diplomacy,it is vital to take account of the deficiencies in China’s science diplomacy.The study’s empirical results contribute to an understanding of the dynamic nature of science diplomacy in the Chinese context.
基金This article is supported by the National Key Research and Development Program[Grant number.2018YFC1509008]China Meteorological Administration's Special Project on Climate Change[Grant Number.CCSF202043]the Ministry of Ecology and Environment's Special Fund for Addressing Climate Change“Research on the follow up related Capacity Building for the Implementation of the Paris Agreement”.
文摘Gender equality is a yardstick for measuring the progress of social civilization and an important goal for mankind to achieve sustainable development.The importance of women in the global governance of climate change is self-evident.During the global climate change governance,it is very crucial to focus on achieving gender equality.Under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change,which is the main channel of global climate change governance,the gender-specific climate change agenda started later than other topics and the progress is limited.This article summarized the progress,deficiencies and future directions of gender issues under the main channels of global climate governance,analyzed the current status of gender equality in Chinese climate response actions,and pointed out the progress and deficiencies of women in the fundamental scientific research and the participation in global governance and decision-making.Our research finds that in the current process of international climate change governance,gender issues have received adequate attention.While in China,despite the attention paid to gender issues,the practical action on gender equality is still out of the mainstream agenda.In the past few decades,Chinese women have made gratifying progress in basic scientific research on climate change and global climate governance,but there are still great insufficiencies in the field of decision-making.In the future,China needs to pay more attention to emphasize gender equality at the strategic level,and promote the formulation of policies and regulations in the field of gender and climate change.Increasing the proportion of women participating in decision-making and management in the field of climate change and disaster prevention and mitigation is also important.China also needs to focus on enabling a gender friendly environment and strengthening research on gender and climate change,support women's participation in relevant work,strengthen capacity-building,and enhance women's access to resources,funds,knowledge and information related to climate adaptation or mitigation.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(grant no.72140007)supported by Tsinghua University(100008001).
文摘The 30th session of the Conference of the Parties(COP30)to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change(UNFCCC)took place from 10 to 22 November 2025 in Belém,Brazil.Widely viewed as a pivotal moment in global climate governance,COP30 attracted heightened interna-tional attention with the tenth anniversary of the Paris Agreement,marked a critical juncture for assessing global progress toward temperature goals.At the same time,2024 may become the hottest year on record,with global mean temperature exceeding the pre-industrial level by about 1.5℃for the first time(Figure 1).
文摘Your Excellency Secretary General Antonio Guterres,Your Excellency President Luiz Inacio Lula da Silva,Colleagues,It is a great pleasure to join you virtually at the Leaders Meeting on Climate and the Just Transition.This year marks the 10th anniversary of the Paris Agreement.Over the past decade,global climate governance has gone through winds and rains,but green and low-carbon development has eventually become a trend of our times.This year also marks the 80th anniversary of the founding of the United Nations.As unprecedented global changes unfold at a faster pace,humanity has come to a new crossroads.
文摘BEIJING,Nov.25(Xinhua)-The northern Chinese city of Ordos,once thriving on the“black gold”of its vast coal reserves,is now emerging as an unlikely forerunner in China’s green transition,betting its future not on carbon but on green technology.
文摘This article investigates how the twin transitions of digitalisation and decarbonisation jointly reshape the logic of global trade by creating new confgurations of“green risk”in digital trade.It argues that digital trade is environmentally ambivalent:if guided only by efciency and speed,energy-intensive data infrastructures,fragmented cross-border logistics and proliferating e-waste can lock in high-carbon development paths.Drawing on Environmental Kuznets Curve reasoning,new institutional economics and the technology–organisation–environment framework,the study develops a system-oriented“Digital Trade–Environment–Regulation”(DTER)model that captures feedback loops between trade expansion,carbon emissions and regulatory responses.On this basis,it constructs a three-pillar regulatory architecture centred on cost internalisation,information transparency and algorithmic steering,and embeds it in a system dynamics simulation framework.Scenario analysis of EU-type,China-type and US-type regimes illustrates how different combinations of carbon pricing,infrastructure policy and platform governance shift the timing and height of the emissions peak while reconfguring trade costs and market access conditions.The article concludes that well-designed green regulation can turn environmental compliance from a latent trade barrier into a driver of long-term competitiveness,provided that standards are interoperable,data governance is trusted and facilitation benefts are explicitly linked to credible low-carbon performance.
基金supported by following projects:China Clean Development Mechanism Fund Project"Equity and Ambition Assessment on Major Parties NDCs under the2015 Agreement"(grant no.:2014094)"China-US Pragmatic Cooperative Technical Support Project for Climate Change"(grant no.:2013019)+2 种基金Ministry of Science and Technology Reform Specific Research and Development Project"Research on Major Urgent Issues on Climate Change after Paris Agreement,""Research on INDC and Influence and Counterplan of the Global Stocktake Mechanism"National Natural Science Foundation2017 emergency management project"the impact of the United States'withdrawal from the Paris Agreement on global climate governance and China's response strategy"
文摘On 1 June 2017, the US President Donald Trump officially announced the withdrawal from the Paris Agreement, thus the study on the reasons of withdrawal, the potential impacts, and coping strategies has become a focus among policy circles and of the international community. Based on the self-developed US Policy Assessment Model, this paper systematically evaluates the three potential ＂major deficits＂ in terms of mitigation, climate finance, and global climate governance, as a result of the US withdrawal from the Paris Agreement and puts forward policy suggestions for coping with such transformations accordingly. The study shows that the United States ＇withdrawal from the Paris Agreement will affect the existence and implementation of successive climate policies and result in an additional 8.8-13.4% increase in the global emissions reduction deficit. The United States＇ withdrawal will also deteriorate the existing climate finance mechanism. The Green Climate Fund （GCF）＇s funding gap will increase by USS2 billion, while the gap of long-term climate finance will increase by about USS5 billion a year. Either the China-EU or the ＂BASIC plus＂ mechanism could fill the governance deficit caused by the United States and the lack of political momentum may continue for a while in the future.
基金Financial support was obtained from the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grants No.2018YFA0606504,2018YFC1509008)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grants No.72140007,71804178,71573249).
文摘Global climate governance has entered the era of carbon neutrality,as a growing number of countries have set the goal of carbon neutrality for long-term emissions reduction toward the mid-21st century.In 2020,China also pledged itself to the goal of carbon neutrality,which creates an urgent demand for this country to establish a systematic and integrated national climate governance system.Against this background,this paper conducts a systematic literature review of climate governance systems from the perspectives of top-level design and the governance paradigm to bring insights into climate governance toward carbon neutrality.The results show that although there are interactions between decarbonization and other environmental,social and economic fields,research gaps still exist when enhancing climate governance toward carbon neutrality.For example,issues regarding incorporating climate factors into the overall economic and social layout,strengthening the capacity of data collection relevant to climate adaptation,integrating climate mitigation and adaption actions,as well as connecting domestic climate governance and international cooperation,need to be further addressed.In addition,within the national governance system,studies combining both regional and sectoral concerns and the intertemporal dynamic allocation mechanism need to be further addressed when China decomposes its national climate target.Moreover,the division of power between the central government and local government,as well as the communication scheme between government and non-state actors,also turns out to be important for effective governance.Based on this analysis,policy implications are further proposed for China’s formulation and implementation of long-term strategies of climate governance toward carbon neutrality.
文摘China provides a compelling reference for how governments can promote global climate governance and sustainable innovative development.SENIOR government officials,technical experts,and policy researchers from 14 developing countries in Asia,Africa,Latin America,and Pacific Island countries gathered at Tsinghua University(THU),Beijing,on September 1-13,2025 for in-depth study and exchange on“climate finance and low-carbon transformation.”
文摘As representatives of emerging economies,BRICS countries are increasingly prominent in global governance.The rapid economic development of BRICS countries is accompanied by a significant increase in greenhouse gas(GHG)emissions,and BRICS countries are paying increasing attention to climate change issues and actively participating in the construction of the international climate regime.The Paris Agreement was a historic breakthrough in international climate negotiations,and since then BRICS countries have strengthened multilateral and bilateral cooperation in energy efficiency,agricultural emission reduction and climate governance financing.Due to the constraints of technology,cooperation mechanism construction,financing,and other objective conditions,BRICS countries still face some challenges to further advance the global climate governance agenda with their group power in the short term.Whether BRICS countries can further advance the global climate governance agenda as a group in the post-Paris Agreement era depends on whether they can improve energy efficiency and optimize their energy mix,and whether they can deepen cooperation in agricultural emission reduction and climate finance.BRICS countries need to continue to promote clean energy development and low-carbon economic transformation,deepen the potential of climate cooperation in agricultural emission reduction,and give full play to the climate financing role of the New Development Bank,so as to further enhance the level of climate cooperation.At the same time,BRICS countries can widely involve developing countries in climate governance cooperation and strengthen dialogue and exchanges with other countries,so as to promote global climate governance in the post-Paris Agreement era.
基金Sponsored by Beijing Social Science Foundation Project(19JDGLA008)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2019T120114+2 种基金 2019M650756)National Natural Science Foundation of China(41801064)Central Asia Atmospheric Sciences Research(CAAS201804)
文摘Climate change has become one of the key issues affecting global society and economic development,and it is related to the sustainable development of mankind and the earth’s ecological system.Firstly,this research begins with the important international conferences and agreements on Global Climate Governance,and analyzes the recent progress of the Paris Agreement,the Marrakech climate conference and the major progress of China&US climate cooperation and China’s contribution.Secondly,from the perspective of China’s adaptation and response to climate change,the main progress of climate change in China is reviewed from a multi-level perspective.The main scientific and technological progress and achievements in China’s response to climate change have been tracked.Finally,from the environmental risk areas,the future risks of climate change are predicted from six aspects,to contribute to the scientific and technological support program for climate change governance.
文摘As climate crisis intensifies,increasing attention has been drawn to the low-carbon transition of energy and the development of new energy sources.However,recently,new energy development worldwide has faced growing obstacles,casting a shadow over its prospects.China’s achievements in new energy development are leading globally and have significantly contributed to global climate governance.Despite challenges,the future prospects of new energy development in China will significantly influence the global landscape of energy development and climate governance.
文摘As global climate governance moves into the implementation phase,the integration of bluetech and clean energy has emerged as a key driver of green transition.On the occasion of the 50th anniversary of China-EU diplomatic relations,China and Portugal have built a multi-level cooperation framework in the“ocean+clean energy”domain,leveraging complementary resource endowments,technological synergies,and policy alignment.
基金jointly supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 72140007, 71804178)the National Key Research and Development Program of China (Grant No. 2018YFA0606504)
文摘The 26th Conference of the Parties(COP26)to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change(UNFCCC)was held in Glasgow a year later than scheduled,with expected outcomes achieved under a post-pandemic background.Based on the Issue-Actor-Mechanism Framework,this paper systematically evaluates the outcomes achieved at COP26 and analyzes the tendency of post-COP26 climate negotiations.Overall,with the concerted efforts of all parties,COP26 has achieved a balanced and inclusive package of outcomes and concluded six years of negotiations on the Paris Rulebook.It is fair to say that COP26 is another milestone in climate governance following the implementation of the Paris Agreement.Meanwhile,the Glasgow Climate Pact has cemented the consensus on a global commitment to accelerating climate action over the next decade and reached a breakthrough consensus on reducing coal,controlling methane,and halting deforestation.In the post-COP26 era,we still need to take concrete actions to implement the outcomes of the Paris Agreement and the Glasgow Climate Pact,innovate ways to speed up CO_(2) emissions reduction,and continue to strive for breakthroughs in important issues such as finance,technology,adaptation,and collaboration.In addition to avoiding the escalation of international conflicts,we need to collectively and properly handle the relationship between energy security,carbon reduction,and development and facilitate the efforts of countries to achieve their Sustainable Development Goals(SDGs),including climate-related goals.China will continue to maintain the existing multilateral mechanisms and processes for climate governance,unremittingly take concrete actions to address climate change,promote a domestic comprehensive green transition and global cooperation on carbon neutrality,and contribute constructively to global climate governance.
基金the phased result of a project supported bythe National Social Science Fund of China in 2021 (Grant No. 21VGQ007)。
文摘China's present role in global climate governance has evolved through a long process including phases of adaptation, making an active contribution, and singular leadership. It has achieved the transition from participant to contributor and then to leader by introducing the norms of global climate governance into China at an early stage and adjusting the wider development model in the subsequent stages. It leads the setting of the global climate governance agenda and the emergence of new norms in global climate governance and promotes the extant deepening, fairness and justice of global climate governance. The report to the 20th National Congress of the CPC summarizes and makes further commitments to add to China's recent work in the fields of ecological protection and climate governance. In the future, China will play an even more active role in global climate governance, promote the development of a human community with a shared future, and make an even greater contribution to global climate security and sustainable development.
