China and ASEAN(Association of Southeast Asian Nations)have concluded the negotiations for the China-ASEAN Free Trade Area 3.0.The recent ASEAN Summit also initiated“the ASEAN Community Vision 2045”,highlighting vas...China and ASEAN(Association of Southeast Asian Nations)have concluded the negotiations for the China-ASEAN Free Trade Area 3.0.The recent ASEAN Summit also initiated“the ASEAN Community Vision 2045”,highlighting vast cooperation potential and broad prospects for collaboration between the two sides in green and sustainable development.Under such background,this article issues new areas and opportunities for collaboration in climate-related fields for addressing the“Energy Trilemma”problems,based on the considerations of natural resource endowments and current cooperation status of both sides,in expectations of promoting inclusive and sustainable regional growth while achieving mutual benefits and win-win development for all parties involved.展开更多
The measurement,reporting,and verification(MRV) of climate finance was originated from discussions under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change(UNFCCC).It has been one of the key issues of global cl...The measurement,reporting,and verification(MRV) of climate finance was originated from discussions under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change(UNFCCC).It has been one of the key issues of global climate negotiations since 2009 and will continue to be of significant importance in addressing climate change and strengthening international trust.This paper analyses the concept,the objective,and the progress of the MRV of climate finance based on reviews of the latest literature and think-tank reports regarding climate finance regime and MRV.Following the analysis,challenges faced with the MRV of climate finance are illustrated.This paper presents that the comparability of climate finance data needs to be improved due to the variety of methodologies used for disaggregating climate finance.In addition,the integrality of the MRV system of climate finance has been impaired by the lack of feedback mechanism from the recipients to the contributors in reporting system.Furthermore,although accounting system of climate finance has been developing and improving,it remains incapacity in providing accurate data on disbursed climate finance.Responding to the above challenges,this paper proposes the key tasks in establishing a comprehensive MRV system for climate finance at international level.The tasks involve developing a measurement system with consistent data basis and accounting basis,a reporting system with more detailed guidance and standardized formats,as well as a verification mechanism balancing top-down and bottom-up review processes.In the last section,this paper concludes that the establishment of an improved MRV of climate finance requires concerted cooperation and negotiations between developed and developing country Parties under the UNFCCC.As one of the few developing country donors to the Global Environmental Facility(GEF),China is suggested to clarify its propositions as a developing country in aspects such as concept,coverage,and architecture of climate finance and MRV system,and gain bargaining power in improving operating and technical rules of international climate finance regime.展开更多
Last week,Ministers and other high level officials made progress on establishing the details of how hundreds of billions of dollars in climate aid will be raised and distributed at an informal meeting in Geneva,Switze...Last week,Ministers and other high level officials made progress on establishing the details of how hundreds of billions of dollars in climate aid will be raised and distributed at an informal meeting in Geneva,Switzerland.展开更多
The failure of the USD 100-billion climate finance pledge under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change(UNFCCC)could be attributed to a series of reasons:the inconsistent rules,the ambiguity of accou...The failure of the USD 100-billion climate finance pledge under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change(UNFCCC)could be attributed to a series of reasons:the inconsistent rules,the ambiguity of accountability issues,the political and economic motivations of donor countries,the weak governance capability of developing countries,etc.In addition to the predicament of climate finance commitments made by industrialized nations,South-South cooperation is becoming an important supplemental approach and is acknowledged by the Paris Agreement as an essential means of support.Through studying a broad set of literature on climate finance governance,the study aims to provide a clear picture of the current muddle in climate finance and China’s new role in the architecture.We do this by first looking into the disjointed system of reporting and accounting standards for climate finance as well as what causes the international climate finance gap.On the one hand,the self-interests and geopolitical concerns of donor countries led to considerable challenges to distributive justice in climate finance allocation.On the other hand,climate finance from rich countries has yet to make a substantial dent in enhancing developing countries’resilience to climate change.Finally,we argue that China-led climate-related development assistance and South-South cooperation on climate change has a tremendous potential for vulnerable countries to realize their climate action priorities and address the climate injustice.展开更多
This paper compares the global flows of Chinese overseas investment in power plants with renewable energy investment potential embodied in ＂Nationally Determined Contributions.＂ With over US$1tn （671 GW） in Nation...This paper compares the global flows of Chinese overseas investment in power plants with renewable energy investment potential embodied in ＂Nationally Determined Contributions.＂ With over US$1tn （671 GW） in Nationally Determined Contributions renewable energy investment potential in developing countries, we estimate the total level of power plant investments from China＇s policy banks and commercial entities since the early 2000s at US$216bn （158 GW）. Although past investment has mainly been directed at fossil fuels and hydroelectric power, we argue that China is uniquely poised to lead renewable energy global investments for three reasons： （i） China＇s solar and wind industries are globally competitive; （ii） Chinese policy banks can give domestic firms advantages in financing global expansion; and （iii） renewable energy investment opportunities still exist in developing countries with less sovereign risk than for traditional energy investments. The Chinese government should provide special incentives for the policy banks to capitalize on these investment opportunities by deploying Chinese solar and wind technologies to Belt and Road countries and beyond.展开更多
T he UN Climate Change Conference in Belém,Brazil,or COP30,running from November 10 to 21,delivered advances in both the scale and quality of international climate cooperation.After intense negotiations,the parti...T he UN Climate Change Conference in Belém,Brazil,or COP30,running from November 10 to 21,delivered advances in both the scale and quality of international climate cooperation.After intense negotiations,the parties adopted a document titled Global Mutirao:Uniting Humanity in a Global Mobilization Against Climate Change,covering issues including climate change mitigation and adaptation,climate finance and international cooperation.展开更多
文摘China and ASEAN(Association of Southeast Asian Nations)have concluded the negotiations for the China-ASEAN Free Trade Area 3.0.The recent ASEAN Summit also initiated“the ASEAN Community Vision 2045”,highlighting vast cooperation potential and broad prospects for collaboration between the two sides in green and sustainable development.Under such background,this article issues new areas and opportunities for collaboration in climate-related fields for addressing the“Energy Trilemma”problems,based on the considerations of natural resource endowments and current cooperation status of both sides,in expectations of promoting inclusive and sustainable regional growth while achieving mutual benefits and win-win development for all parties involved.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China project "The joint mechanism and macro-regulation mechanism for national emission trading market of China"[Grant Number:71503288]the Research Base Project of Beijing Philosophy and Social Science Foundation "Payments for Ecosystem Services Mechanism that Supports The Synergetic Development of Ecological Protection in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region"[Grant Number:16JDYJC039]the project "Environmental Risk Management for Corporate Lending in China's Commercial Banks" sponsored by the Scientific Research Foundation for the returned overseas Chinese scholars,State Education Ministry
文摘The measurement,reporting,and verification(MRV) of climate finance was originated from discussions under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change(UNFCCC).It has been one of the key issues of global climate negotiations since 2009 and will continue to be of significant importance in addressing climate change and strengthening international trust.This paper analyses the concept,the objective,and the progress of the MRV of climate finance based on reviews of the latest literature and think-tank reports regarding climate finance regime and MRV.Following the analysis,challenges faced with the MRV of climate finance are illustrated.This paper presents that the comparability of climate finance data needs to be improved due to the variety of methodologies used for disaggregating climate finance.In addition,the integrality of the MRV system of climate finance has been impaired by the lack of feedback mechanism from the recipients to the contributors in reporting system.Furthermore,although accounting system of climate finance has been developing and improving,it remains incapacity in providing accurate data on disbursed climate finance.Responding to the above challenges,this paper proposes the key tasks in establishing a comprehensive MRV system for climate finance at international level.The tasks involve developing a measurement system with consistent data basis and accounting basis,a reporting system with more detailed guidance and standardized formats,as well as a verification mechanism balancing top-down and bottom-up review processes.In the last section,this paper concludes that the establishment of an improved MRV of climate finance requires concerted cooperation and negotiations between developed and developing country Parties under the UNFCCC.As one of the few developing country donors to the Global Environmental Facility(GEF),China is suggested to clarify its propositions as a developing country in aspects such as concept,coverage,and architecture of climate finance and MRV system,and gain bargaining power in improving operating and technical rules of international climate finance regime.
文摘Last week,Ministers and other high level officials made progress on establishing the details of how hundreds of billions of dollars in climate aid will be raised and distributed at an informal meeting in Geneva,Switzerland.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(72322013,72234001,72234002,72121002)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2020YFA0608600)the Shanghai Talent Development Fund(2021098).
文摘The failure of the USD 100-billion climate finance pledge under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change(UNFCCC)could be attributed to a series of reasons:the inconsistent rules,the ambiguity of accountability issues,the political and economic motivations of donor countries,the weak governance capability of developing countries,etc.In addition to the predicament of climate finance commitments made by industrialized nations,South-South cooperation is becoming an important supplemental approach and is acknowledged by the Paris Agreement as an essential means of support.Through studying a broad set of literature on climate finance governance,the study aims to provide a clear picture of the current muddle in climate finance and China’s new role in the architecture.We do this by first looking into the disjointed system of reporting and accounting standards for climate finance as well as what causes the international climate finance gap.On the one hand,the self-interests and geopolitical concerns of donor countries led to considerable challenges to distributive justice in climate finance allocation.On the other hand,climate finance from rich countries has yet to make a substantial dent in enhancing developing countries’resilience to climate change.Finally,we argue that China-led climate-related development assistance and South-South cooperation on climate change has a tremendous potential for vulnerable countries to realize their climate action priorities and address the climate injustice.
文摘This paper compares the global flows of Chinese overseas investment in power plants with renewable energy investment potential embodied in ＂Nationally Determined Contributions.＂ With over US$1tn （671 GW） in Nationally Determined Contributions renewable energy investment potential in developing countries, we estimate the total level of power plant investments from China＇s policy banks and commercial entities since the early 2000s at US$216bn （158 GW）. Although past investment has mainly been directed at fossil fuels and hydroelectric power, we argue that China is uniquely poised to lead renewable energy global investments for three reasons： （i） China＇s solar and wind industries are globally competitive; （ii） Chinese policy banks can give domestic firms advantages in financing global expansion; and （iii） renewable energy investment opportunities still exist in developing countries with less sovereign risk than for traditional energy investments. The Chinese government should provide special incentives for the policy banks to capitalize on these investment opportunities by deploying Chinese solar and wind technologies to Belt and Road countries and beyond.
文摘T he UN Climate Change Conference in Belém,Brazil,or COP30,running from November 10 to 21,delivered advances in both the scale and quality of international climate cooperation.After intense negotiations,the parties adopted a document titled Global Mutirao:Uniting Humanity in a Global Mobilization Against Climate Change,covering issues including climate change mitigation and adaptation,climate finance and international cooperation.
