When the G20 was created in 1999 in the wake of the Asian financial crisis,few imagined it would one day become the nerve centre of global governance.Twenty-six years later,the G20 members,which represent 85 percent o...When the G20 was created in 1999 in the wake of the Asian financial crisis,few imagined it would one day become the nerve centre of global governance.Twenty-six years later,the G20 members,which represent 85 percent of the global GDP and two-thirds of the world population,are once again navigating a turbulent era marked by geopolitical rivalry,economic fragmentation and widening inequality.展开更多
The G20 Youth Summit(Y20)took place in Johannesburg,South Africa,from 18 to 23 August.Sun Ruoshui,a research assistant from the Institute of Climate Change and Sustainable Development,Tsinghua University,was appointed...The G20 Youth Summit(Y20)took place in Johannesburg,South Africa,from 18 to 23 August.Sun Ruoshui,a research assistant from the Institute of Climate Change and Sustainable Development,Tsinghua University,was appointed by the All-China Youth Federation to represent China in the discussions on Climate and Environmental Sustainability.Specialising in global climate governance,international climate negotiation and climate policy,Sun has previously served as a member of the Chinese delegation to the 2023 United Nations Climate Change Conference(COP28)and 2024 Bonn Subsidiary Bodies Meeting.展开更多
IEC materials promote climate action and affect community behavior. The purpose of the study was to find out how local communities perceived about IEC materials on community-based adaptation techniques and ecosystem-b...IEC materials promote climate action and affect community behavior. The purpose of the study was to find out how local communities perceived about IEC materials on community-based adaptation techniques and ecosystem-based approaches to combating climate change. It also examined the relationship be-tween respondents’ sociodemographic characteristics and the IEC materials’ attributes. Forty-two (42) coastal barangays in Zambales yielded 640 responses using survey questionnaires. Data analysis included frequency, percentage, and correlation. IEC materials were effective in comprehension, relevance, content, visual appeal, acceptance, and impact. Respondents were able to swiftly understand simple statements concerning climate change. Respondents were significantly impacted by attractiveness, visually appealing and recognizable images about adaptation and mitigation strategies for climate change. Municipalities were associated with practically all IEC material attributes. Education and respondent type influenced some IEC material characteristics. Coastal municipalities had different views on IEC material attributes. Because of IEC materials’ effectiveness, coastal communities are more inspired and motivated to take climate action. IEC materials give local populations useful knowledge about climate change that they may apply even in the absence of formal education.展开更多
DESPITE not achieving all it set out to do, the 17th Conference of the Parties （COP 17） of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change in Durban, South Africa is widely seen as having achieved progress...DESPITE not achieving all it set out to do, the 17th Conference of the Parties （COP 17） of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change in Durban, South Africa is widely seen as having achieved progress in a phasal sense.展开更多
National-level climate action plans are often formulated broadly. Spatially disaggregating these plans to individual municipalities can offer substantial benefits, such as enabling regional climate action strategies a...National-level climate action plans are often formulated broadly. Spatially disaggregating these plans to individual municipalities can offer substantial benefits, such as enabling regional climate action strategies and for assessing the feasibility of national objectives. Numerous spatial disaggregation approaches can be found in the literature. This study reviews and categorizes these. The review is followed by a discussion of the relevant methods for the disaggregation of climate action plans. It is seen that methods employing proxy data, machine learning models, and geostatistical ones are the most relevant methods for the spatial disaggregation of national energy and climate plans. The analysis offers guidance for selecting appropriate methods based on factors such as data availability at the municipal level and the presence of spatial autocorrelation in the data.As the urgency of addressing climate change escalates, understanding the spatial aspects of national energy and climate strategies becomes increasingly important. This review will serve as a valuable guide for researchers and practitioners applying spatial disaggregation in this crucial field.展开更多
Climate change has well-documented psychological consequences for society.However,the emotional experiences of frontline conservation professionals remain underexplored.As key knowledge producers and participants in d...Climate change has well-documented psychological consequences for society.However,the emotional experiences of frontline conservation professionals remain underexplored.As key knowledge producers and participants in decision-making processes,conservation researchers play a crucial role in shaping and implementing adaptation and mitigation efforts,which are pivotal for effective climate planning.Understanding their emotional responses is essential for enhancing the success of these strategies and supporting climate action.This study aims to identify the most prevalent emotions experienced by conservation researchers regarding climate change across various countries and to examine the qualitative and quantitative factors shaping these emotions.An online survey was conducted with 362 participants from 98 academic and research institutions,utilising both closed and open-ended questions to capture demographic data,climate knowledge,stances on mitigation and adaptation,and emotional responses.Data analysis revealed that feelings of powerlessness,guilt,and concern were most frequently reported,driven by a profound sense of inability to halt climate change,frustration with perceived inaction by governments and industries,and self-assessed personal shortcomings.Age and stances on climate adaptation were identified as primary factors influencing emotional responses,particularly among individuals aged 20–50 and 61–70,with opposition to adaptation correlating with stronger emotional reactions.Demographic factors such as region,place of residence,and mitigation stances played a minor role.These findings provide valuable insights into the psychological well-being of conservation researchers related to climate change.展开更多
INTRODUCTION As federal and provincial governments debate the viability of absolute emission reduction targets,universities and college across North America are steadfast on a voluntary movement to slash greenhouse ga...INTRODUCTION As federal and provincial governments debate the viability of absolute emission reduction targets,universities and college across North America are steadfast on a voluntary movement to slash greenhouse gas emissions and model the way forward on climate action.These institutions are taking advantage of campus contexts that offer decentralized energy supply opportunities,district energy systems,large building portfolios,and research partnerships to leverage change.Higher education campuses are emerging as innovation hubs for the deployment of new technologies,policy development,best practices in portfolio scale building operating models,public-private partnership models and more.展开更多
Climate change contributes to disasters in the Philippines. Most human activities have had negative consequences on the environment, exacerbating global warming. Humans contribute to climate change and global warming ...Climate change contributes to disasters in the Philippines. Most human activities have had negative consequences on the environment, exacerbating global warming. Humans contribute to climate change and global warming by burning fossil fuels, cutting down trees, engaging in improper waste disposal, using electricity, and driving a car. This study assessed the environmental practices of communities in Nueva Ecija, Philippines, and their implications for climate change. Respondents were selected using convenient sampling. A questionnaire delivered online was used to elicit their responses then analyzed the data using SPSS. This study revealed that most post-secondary students do not litter but sometimes burn their trash in an open dump. Most of them used LPG as their primary source of fuel for cooking. Rice production is always the same as producing food waste in food production. Garden waste was sometimes produced. Plastic containers are commonly produced as recyclable wastes. They often dispose of wastes in controlled and regulated open dumpsites by their municipality or city. Due to the pandemic, special wastes like face masks and face shields are disposed of daily. Generally, despite no littering behavior, the respondents never burned their trash or threw it on any body of water. They perceived to disagree that these daily community activities contribute to climate change. Lastly, less than half of them affirmed that there are initiative programs at the barangay level to lessen and eliminate community activities that cause climate change.展开更多
Climate change,which is the result of human activities,has wide-ranging impact.It poses a serious threat to human rights.Environmental rights are where the protection of the ecological environment and the development ...Climate change,which is the result of human activities,has wide-ranging impact.It poses a serious threat to human rights.Environmental rights are where the protection of the ecological environment and the development of human rights intersect.In view of the close relationship between the actions for addressing climate change and environmental rights,China should integrate the protection of environmental rights into the actions for addressing climate change,so as to achieve simultaneous development of both.In the process of coping with climate change,the right to climate stability that mainly pursues a“harmless”environment and the right to a more livable climate that pursues a“beautiful eco-environment”are specific manifestations of environmental rights and should be the priority of protection efforts.However,there are still some obstacles to achieving the coordinated development of the efforts to address climate change and the protection of environmental rights because traditional rights protection methods mainly give individuals subjective rights with the power to claim and are thus difficult to meet the needs of environmental rights protection in the context of climate change,and there are inherent value differences between responding to climate change and the realization of other human rights.Building a multi-level national obligation system to address climate change,giving full play to the role of courts in responding to climate change through moderate judicial activism,and coordinating the efforts to cope with climate change and the development of human rights under the guidance of a holistic system view are effective ways to overcome the aforementioned difficulties.展开更多
Objective:To explore the effects of deltamethrin exposure during prepubertal stage on male reproductive parameters in rats.Methods:Forty male Wistar rats,aged 23 postnatal days,were randomly divided into four groups o...Objective:To explore the effects of deltamethrin exposure during prepubertal stage on male reproductive parameters in rats.Methods:Forty male Wistar rats,aged 23 postnatal days,were randomly divided into four groups of ten rats each.The control group received tap water,while the vehicle control group was administered with 1 mL of peanut oil.Experimental groups received deltamethrin 3 mg/kg and 6 mg/kg,respectively.All treatments were administered orally.At postnatal day 91,all the rats were sacrificed to assess the histology of testes and serum testosterone levels.We also evaluated the binding of deltamethrin to 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase(HSD),a key enzyme involved in steroidogenesis,using in silico docking and molecular dynamics simulations to assess the stability and binding energy of the 3β-HSD and deltamethrin complex over 100 ns time frame.Results:Deltamethrin-exposed rats showed significant weight loss,followed by a marked reduction in serum testosterone levels.They also demonstrated the suppression of testicular steroidogenic enzymes like 3β-HSD and 17β-HSD levels,which were accompanied by sperm morphological abnormalities when compared with the control group rats.Moreover,molecular docking studies indicated that deltamethrin interacts with 3β-HSD competitively with pregnenolone which may be the reason for impaired steroidogenesis.Conclusions:Early life exposure to deltamethrin may induce reproductive toxicity at adult stage.Further exploration studies are warranted to record conclusive evidence for the effects of deltamethrin early exposure.展开更多
This study examines the impact of artificial intelligence(AI)on carbon inequality(CI)in 67 countries from 1995 to 2019.The results suggest that(i)AI significantly amplifies CI both between and within countries due to ...This study examines the impact of artificial intelligence(AI)on carbon inequality(CI)in 67 countries from 1995 to 2019.The results suggest that(i)AI significantly amplifies CI both between and within countries due to its energy requirements and uneven deployment;(ii)trade openness and global value chain(GVC)positioning mitigate AI’s effect on inter-country CI,while robust governance—marked by larger government size and institutional transparency—curtails intra-country disparities;(iii)specific thresholds(trade openness>4.74,GVC position>−1.07,government size>2.90,transparency>−0.22)shift the impact of AI from exacerbating to reducing CI.The adverse effects of AI can be reversed through enhanced trade,GVC integration,and strong governance.Key policy implications:Policymakers must prioritize exceeding these thresholds to leverage AI for sustainable and equitable outcomes.This requires(a)promoting trade liberalization to spread the benefits of AI globally,reducing inter-country CI;(b)strengthening GVC participation to offset the carbon-intensive use of AI;(c)building government capacity and transparency to ensure fair adoption of AI domestically;and(d)embedding these strategies in climate policies to align AI with the long-term goals of environmental justice and the SDGs,particularly climate action(SDG 13)and reducing inequalities(SDG 10).展开更多
The global push for carbon neutrality highlights the need for rigorous assessments of whether national efforts align with stated targets.However,existing evaluations often prioritize commitments over tangible progress...The global push for carbon neutrality highlights the need for rigorous assessments of whether national efforts align with stated targets.However,existing evaluations often prioritize commitments over tangible progress,lacking comprehensive and transparent metrics.To bridge this gap,we develop a multidimensional indicator system that evaluates targets,policies,actions,and effectiveness across key areas,including policy implementation,technology deployment,financial investment,and international cooperation.While 151 countries have pledged carbon neutralityd19 of which are developing nations that made commitments in 2024dimplementation remains uneven.Only 72 countries have established complete policy frameworks,and advanced low-carbon technologies are concentrated in a handful of nations.Current trends indicate that global renewable energy capacity will reach just 2.7 times its 2022 level by 2030,falling short of the tripling target.Moreover,the global median action score in 2024 stands at only 25dfar below the target of 65dhighlighting the urgency for stronger efforts.Our findings reveal a significant gap between ambition and action,with renewable energy deployment lagging behind expectations.To accelerate progress,enhanced global cooperation,increased investment,and fewer barriers to technology diffusion are crucial.This study underscores the need for more implementationfocused tracking to ensure carbon neutrality commitments translate into measurable outcomes.展开更多
This paper addresses how the Sydney Opera House(hereafter‘Opera House’),an UNESCO World Heritage site,has responded to climate change over the past three decades to become a more sustainable heritage site.The implem...This paper addresses how the Sydney Opera House(hereafter‘Opera House’),an UNESCO World Heritage site,has responded to climate change over the past three decades to become a more sustainable heritage site.The implementation of climate actions is critical to conserving and strengthening the Opera House’s cultural heritage significance—the building and its function as a performing arts centre and place for the community.The paper points out that climate action has been,and continues to be,achieved at the Opera House by the organisation’s responsibility for its custodianship by(1)bringing the Opera House team together to tackle climate change through good governance;(2)inspiring positive change in the community through creative programming and engagement;(3)holding the organisation accountable by setting and achieving environmental performance benchmarks;(4)implementing practical mitigation measures that also respect heritage values;and(5)applying a participatory approach to climate risk and adaptation planning.The paper argues that the tangible heritage values of the Opera House(e.g.the building and site)were not adversely affected by the engagement and mitigation actions and that these actions were,in fact,conserved and strengthened the site’s intangible heritage values(e.g.its use).This paper aims to provide an example of sustainable management and climate action by a cultural organisation that serves as the custodian of a heritage site.展开更多
The study emphasizes the significance of biochar-based nanocomposites(BNCs)in tackling waste management challenges and developing valuable materials for environmental remediation and energy generation.BNCs have enhanc...The study emphasizes the significance of biochar-based nanocomposites(BNCs)in tackling waste management challenges and developing valuable materials for environmental remediation and energy generation.BNCs have enhanced adsorption and catalytic properties by incorporating nanoparticles into a charcoal matrix,offering a dual benefit for waste treatment and environmental preservation.Using waste biomass for BNC production repurposes resources and reduces the ecological impact of waste disposal.This study also addresses the existing research gaps and uncertainties hindering the widespread use of biochar and BNCs.After almost a decade of extensive research,it is crucial to address and fill the gaps in knowledge,such as longterm impacts,carbon sequestration rates,potential deforestation and economic viability.Thoroughly analyzing the entire system and establishing adaptable governance is need to realize the full benefits of BNCs.This article discusses the urgent need for sustainable technology and solutions to solve global concerns,including waste management,water quality,soil health,climate change and renewable energy.Its aim is to improve existing research by providing a comprehensive overview of the potential of biochar and BNCs in achieving sustainability objectives.It also identifies research gaps and challenges that must be addressed,directing future research directions.It extensively reviews biochar-based nanocomposites derived from waste biomass as a sustainable solution for wastewater treatment and renewable bioenergy.The constraints and future research directions have been highlighted,offering essential perspectives on the potential of biochar and BNCs in addressing global sustainability issues.展开更多
Purpose:This article aims to subvert the nature/culture and subject/object divides that structure the dominant Western educational research paradigm by stepping beyond an exclusively human conversation and activating ...Purpose:This article aims to subvert the nature/culture and subject/object divides that structure the dominant Western educational research paradigm by stepping beyond an exclusively human conversation and activating our ecological imaginations in the face of intensifying anthropogenic climate change.Design/Approach/Methods:Informed by animist ecofeminist philosophies,the river dialogues emerged from a climate action research field trip to the Athabasca oil sand mines in Alberta,Canada.They perform a“more-than-human”mode of narrative engagement with“nature in the active voice.”Findings:Despite the epistemological separations of Western-style education,I conclude that we can still find ways to dialogue and learn with the nonhuman world and thereby to stimulate our ecological imaginations.Originality/Value:This article showcases innovative more-than-human narrative methods and offers a collaborative alternative to the human-centric conventions of educational research and pedagogy.展开更多
In 2015,17 Sustainable Development Goals(SDGs)were approved,including SDG13,which addresses actions to increase carbon capture(CO_(2)-C storage)for climate change mitigation.However,no analytical procedures have been ...In 2015,17 Sustainable Development Goals(SDGs)were approved,including SDG13,which addresses actions to increase carbon capture(CO_(2)-C storage)for climate change mitigation.However,no analytical procedures have been defined for quantifying soil organic carbon(SOC)sequestration.This paper presents a rapid tool for guiding farmers and for monitoring SOC sequestration in farmer fields.The tool consists of multiconstituent soil analyses through near-infrared spectroscopy(NIRS)and an SOC mineralization model.The tool provides forecasts of SOC sequestration over time.Soil analyses by NIRS have been calibrated and validated for farmer fields in European countries,China,New Zealand,and Vietnam.Results indicate a high accuracy of determination for SOC(R^(2)≥0.93),and for inorganic C,soil texture,and soil bulk density.Permanganate oxidizable soil C is used as proxy for active SOC,to detect early management-induced changes in SOC contents,and is also quantified by NIRS(R^(2)=0.92).A pedotransfer function is used to convert the results of the soil analyses to SOC sequestration in kg·ha^(-1)C as well as CO_(2).In conclusion,the tool allows fast,quantitative,and action-driven monitoring of SOC sequestration in farmer fields,and thereby is an essential tool for monitoring progress of SDG13.展开更多
文摘When the G20 was created in 1999 in the wake of the Asian financial crisis,few imagined it would one day become the nerve centre of global governance.Twenty-six years later,the G20 members,which represent 85 percent of the global GDP and two-thirds of the world population,are once again navigating a turbulent era marked by geopolitical rivalry,economic fragmentation and widening inequality.
文摘The G20 Youth Summit(Y20)took place in Johannesburg,South Africa,from 18 to 23 August.Sun Ruoshui,a research assistant from the Institute of Climate Change and Sustainable Development,Tsinghua University,was appointed by the All-China Youth Federation to represent China in the discussions on Climate and Environmental Sustainability.Specialising in global climate governance,international climate negotiation and climate policy,Sun has previously served as a member of the Chinese delegation to the 2023 United Nations Climate Change Conference(COP28)and 2024 Bonn Subsidiary Bodies Meeting.
文摘IEC materials promote climate action and affect community behavior. The purpose of the study was to find out how local communities perceived about IEC materials on community-based adaptation techniques and ecosystem-based approaches to combating climate change. It also examined the relationship be-tween respondents’ sociodemographic characteristics and the IEC materials’ attributes. Forty-two (42) coastal barangays in Zambales yielded 640 responses using survey questionnaires. Data analysis included frequency, percentage, and correlation. IEC materials were effective in comprehension, relevance, content, visual appeal, acceptance, and impact. Respondents were able to swiftly understand simple statements concerning climate change. Respondents were significantly impacted by attractiveness, visually appealing and recognizable images about adaptation and mitigation strategies for climate change. Municipalities were associated with practically all IEC material attributes. Education and respondent type influenced some IEC material characteristics. Coastal municipalities had different views on IEC material attributes. Because of IEC materials’ effectiveness, coastal communities are more inspired and motivated to take climate action. IEC materials give local populations useful knowledge about climate change that they may apply even in the absence of formal education.
文摘DESPITE not achieving all it set out to do, the 17th Conference of the Parties （COP 17） of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change in Durban, South Africa is widely seen as having achieved progress in a phasal sense.
基金funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No.101036458.
文摘National-level climate action plans are often formulated broadly. Spatially disaggregating these plans to individual municipalities can offer substantial benefits, such as enabling regional climate action strategies and for assessing the feasibility of national objectives. Numerous spatial disaggregation approaches can be found in the literature. This study reviews and categorizes these. The review is followed by a discussion of the relevant methods for the disaggregation of climate action plans. It is seen that methods employing proxy data, machine learning models, and geostatistical ones are the most relevant methods for the spatial disaggregation of national energy and climate plans. The analysis offers guidance for selecting appropriate methods based on factors such as data availability at the municipal level and the presence of spatial autocorrelation in the data.As the urgency of addressing climate change escalates, understanding the spatial aspects of national energy and climate strategies becomes increasingly important. This review will serve as a valuable guide for researchers and practitioners applying spatial disaggregation in this crucial field.
基金funded the Ecuadorian National Secretary of Higher Education,Science and Technology(SENESCYT),through the Scholarship Programme 2012.
文摘Climate change has well-documented psychological consequences for society.However,the emotional experiences of frontline conservation professionals remain underexplored.As key knowledge producers and participants in decision-making processes,conservation researchers play a crucial role in shaping and implementing adaptation and mitigation efforts,which are pivotal for effective climate planning.Understanding their emotional responses is essential for enhancing the success of these strategies and supporting climate action.This study aims to identify the most prevalent emotions experienced by conservation researchers regarding climate change across various countries and to examine the qualitative and quantitative factors shaping these emotions.An online survey was conducted with 362 participants from 98 academic and research institutions,utilising both closed and open-ended questions to capture demographic data,climate knowledge,stances on mitigation and adaptation,and emotional responses.Data analysis revealed that feelings of powerlessness,guilt,and concern were most frequently reported,driven by a profound sense of inability to halt climate change,frustration with perceived inaction by governments and industries,and self-assessed personal shortcomings.Age and stances on climate adaptation were identified as primary factors influencing emotional responses,particularly among individuals aged 20–50 and 61–70,with opposition to adaptation correlating with stronger emotional reactions.Demographic factors such as region,place of residence,and mitigation stances played a minor role.These findings provide valuable insights into the psychological well-being of conservation researchers related to climate change.
文摘INTRODUCTION As federal and provincial governments debate the viability of absolute emission reduction targets,universities and college across North America are steadfast on a voluntary movement to slash greenhouse gas emissions and model the way forward on climate action.These institutions are taking advantage of campus contexts that offer decentralized energy supply opportunities,district energy systems,large building portfolios,and research partnerships to leverage change.Higher education campuses are emerging as innovation hubs for the deployment of new technologies,policy development,best practices in portfolio scale building operating models,public-private partnership models and more.
文摘Climate change contributes to disasters in the Philippines. Most human activities have had negative consequences on the environment, exacerbating global warming. Humans contribute to climate change and global warming by burning fossil fuels, cutting down trees, engaging in improper waste disposal, using electricity, and driving a car. This study assessed the environmental practices of communities in Nueva Ecija, Philippines, and their implications for climate change. Respondents were selected using convenient sampling. A questionnaire delivered online was used to elicit their responses then analyzed the data using SPSS. This study revealed that most post-secondary students do not litter but sometimes burn their trash in an open dump. Most of them used LPG as their primary source of fuel for cooking. Rice production is always the same as producing food waste in food production. Garden waste was sometimes produced. Plastic containers are commonly produced as recyclable wastes. They often dispose of wastes in controlled and regulated open dumpsites by their municipality or city. Due to the pandemic, special wastes like face masks and face shields are disposed of daily. Generally, despite no littering behavior, the respondents never burned their trash or threw it on any body of water. They perceived to disagree that these daily community activities contribute to climate change. Lastly, less than half of them affirmed that there are initiative programs at the barangay level to lessen and eliminate community activities that cause climate change.
基金This paper is a phased achievement of the 2022 judicial research major project of the Supreme People’s Court,“Research on Judicial Service to Guarantee Carbon Peak and Carbon Neutrality”(Project Approval No.ZGFYZDKT20220301)the major project of the National Social Science Foundation,“Research on Legal Regulations for Biodiversity Protection under the Overall System View”(Project Approval No.19ZDA162).
文摘Climate change,which is the result of human activities,has wide-ranging impact.It poses a serious threat to human rights.Environmental rights are where the protection of the ecological environment and the development of human rights intersect.In view of the close relationship between the actions for addressing climate change and environmental rights,China should integrate the protection of environmental rights into the actions for addressing climate change,so as to achieve simultaneous development of both.In the process of coping with climate change,the right to climate stability that mainly pursues a“harmless”environment and the right to a more livable climate that pursues a“beautiful eco-environment”are specific manifestations of environmental rights and should be the priority of protection efforts.However,there are still some obstacles to achieving the coordinated development of the efforts to address climate change and the protection of environmental rights because traditional rights protection methods mainly give individuals subjective rights with the power to claim and are thus difficult to meet the needs of environmental rights protection in the context of climate change,and there are inherent value differences between responding to climate change and the realization of other human rights.Building a multi-level national obligation system to address climate change,giving full play to the role of courts in responding to climate change through moderate judicial activism,and coordinating the efforts to cope with climate change and the development of human rights under the guidance of a holistic system view are effective ways to overcome the aforementioned difficulties.
文摘Objective:To explore the effects of deltamethrin exposure during prepubertal stage on male reproductive parameters in rats.Methods:Forty male Wistar rats,aged 23 postnatal days,were randomly divided into four groups of ten rats each.The control group received tap water,while the vehicle control group was administered with 1 mL of peanut oil.Experimental groups received deltamethrin 3 mg/kg and 6 mg/kg,respectively.All treatments were administered orally.At postnatal day 91,all the rats were sacrificed to assess the histology of testes and serum testosterone levels.We also evaluated the binding of deltamethrin to 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase(HSD),a key enzyme involved in steroidogenesis,using in silico docking and molecular dynamics simulations to assess the stability and binding energy of the 3β-HSD and deltamethrin complex over 100 ns time frame.Results:Deltamethrin-exposed rats showed significant weight loss,followed by a marked reduction in serum testosterone levels.They also demonstrated the suppression of testicular steroidogenic enzymes like 3β-HSD and 17β-HSD levels,which were accompanied by sperm morphological abnormalities when compared with the control group rats.Moreover,molecular docking studies indicated that deltamethrin interacts with 3β-HSD competitively with pregnenolone which may be the reason for impaired steroidogenesis.Conclusions:Early life exposure to deltamethrin may induce reproductive toxicity at adult stage.Further exploration studies are warranted to record conclusive evidence for the effects of deltamethrin early exposure.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.72104246).
文摘This study examines the impact of artificial intelligence(AI)on carbon inequality(CI)in 67 countries from 1995 to 2019.The results suggest that(i)AI significantly amplifies CI both between and within countries due to its energy requirements and uneven deployment;(ii)trade openness and global value chain(GVC)positioning mitigate AI’s effect on inter-country CI,while robust governance—marked by larger government size and institutional transparency—curtails intra-country disparities;(iii)specific thresholds(trade openness>4.74,GVC position>−1.07,government size>2.90,transparency>−0.22)shift the impact of AI from exacerbating to reducing CI.The adverse effects of AI can be reversed through enhanced trade,GVC integration,and strong governance.Key policy implications:Policymakers must prioritize exceeding these thresholds to leverage AI for sustainable and equitable outcomes.This requires(a)promoting trade liberalization to spread the benefits of AI globally,reducing inter-country CI;(b)strengthening GVC participation to offset the carbon-intensive use of AI;(c)building government capacity and transparency to ensure fair adoption of AI domestically;and(d)embedding these strategies in climate policies to align AI with the long-term goals of environmental justice and the SDGs,particularly climate action(SDG 13)and reducing inequalities(SDG 10).
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.72140002,72348001 and 72204137).
文摘The global push for carbon neutrality highlights the need for rigorous assessments of whether national efforts align with stated targets.However,existing evaluations often prioritize commitments over tangible progress,lacking comprehensive and transparent metrics.To bridge this gap,we develop a multidimensional indicator system that evaluates targets,policies,actions,and effectiveness across key areas,including policy implementation,technology deployment,financial investment,and international cooperation.While 151 countries have pledged carbon neutralityd19 of which are developing nations that made commitments in 2024dimplementation remains uneven.Only 72 countries have established complete policy frameworks,and advanced low-carbon technologies are concentrated in a handful of nations.Current trends indicate that global renewable energy capacity will reach just 2.7 times its 2022 level by 2030,falling short of the tripling target.Moreover,the global median action score in 2024 stands at only 25dfar below the target of 65dhighlighting the urgency for stronger efforts.Our findings reveal a significant gap between ambition and action,with renewable energy deployment lagging behind expectations.To accelerate progress,enhanced global cooperation,increased investment,and fewer barriers to technology diffusion are crucial.This study underscores the need for more implementationfocused tracking to ensure carbon neutrality commitments translate into measurable outcomes.
文摘This paper addresses how the Sydney Opera House(hereafter‘Opera House’),an UNESCO World Heritage site,has responded to climate change over the past three decades to become a more sustainable heritage site.The implementation of climate actions is critical to conserving and strengthening the Opera House’s cultural heritage significance—the building and its function as a performing arts centre and place for the community.The paper points out that climate action has been,and continues to be,achieved at the Opera House by the organisation’s responsibility for its custodianship by(1)bringing the Opera House team together to tackle climate change through good governance;(2)inspiring positive change in the community through creative programming and engagement;(3)holding the organisation accountable by setting and achieving environmental performance benchmarks;(4)implementing practical mitigation measures that also respect heritage values;and(5)applying a participatory approach to climate risk and adaptation planning.The paper argues that the tangible heritage values of the Opera House(e.g.the building and site)were not adversely affected by the engagement and mitigation actions and that these actions were,in fact,conserved and strengthened the site’s intangible heritage values(e.g.its use).This paper aims to provide an example of sustainable management and climate action by a cultural organisation that serves as the custodian of a heritage site.
基金supported from Dato’Low Tuck Kwong(DLTK)International Grant(20238005DLTK)Universiti Tenaga Nasional(UNITEN)and University of Nizwa are thanked for providing support that made this work possible。
文摘The study emphasizes the significance of biochar-based nanocomposites(BNCs)in tackling waste management challenges and developing valuable materials for environmental remediation and energy generation.BNCs have enhanced adsorption and catalytic properties by incorporating nanoparticles into a charcoal matrix,offering a dual benefit for waste treatment and environmental preservation.Using waste biomass for BNC production repurposes resources and reduces the ecological impact of waste disposal.This study also addresses the existing research gaps and uncertainties hindering the widespread use of biochar and BNCs.After almost a decade of extensive research,it is crucial to address and fill the gaps in knowledge,such as longterm impacts,carbon sequestration rates,potential deforestation and economic viability.Thoroughly analyzing the entire system and establishing adaptable governance is need to realize the full benefits of BNCs.This article discusses the urgent need for sustainable technology and solutions to solve global concerns,including waste management,water quality,soil health,climate change and renewable energy.Its aim is to improve existing research by providing a comprehensive overview of the potential of biochar and BNCs in achieving sustainability objectives.It also identifies research gaps and challenges that must be addressed,directing future research directions.It extensively reviews biochar-based nanocomposites derived from waste biomass as a sustainable solution for wastewater treatment and renewable bioenergy.The constraints and future research directions have been highlighted,offering essential perspectives on the potential of biochar and BNCs in addressing global sustainability issues.
文摘Purpose:This article aims to subvert the nature/culture and subject/object divides that structure the dominant Western educational research paradigm by stepping beyond an exclusively human conversation and activating our ecological imaginations in the face of intensifying anthropogenic climate change.Design/Approach/Methods:Informed by animist ecofeminist philosophies,the river dialogues emerged from a climate action research field trip to the Athabasca oil sand mines in Alberta,Canada.They perform a“more-than-human”mode of narrative engagement with“nature in the active voice.”Findings:Despite the epistemological separations of Western-style education,I conclude that we can still find ways to dialogue and learn with the nonhuman world and thereby to stimulate our ecological imaginations.Originality/Value:This article showcases innovative more-than-human narrative methods and offers a collaborative alternative to the human-centric conventions of educational research and pedagogy.
文摘In 2015,17 Sustainable Development Goals(SDGs)were approved,including SDG13,which addresses actions to increase carbon capture(CO_(2)-C storage)for climate change mitigation.However,no analytical procedures have been defined for quantifying soil organic carbon(SOC)sequestration.This paper presents a rapid tool for guiding farmers and for monitoring SOC sequestration in farmer fields.The tool consists of multiconstituent soil analyses through near-infrared spectroscopy(NIRS)and an SOC mineralization model.The tool provides forecasts of SOC sequestration over time.Soil analyses by NIRS have been calibrated and validated for farmer fields in European countries,China,New Zealand,and Vietnam.Results indicate a high accuracy of determination for SOC(R^(2)≥0.93),and for inorganic C,soil texture,and soil bulk density.Permanganate oxidizable soil C is used as proxy for active SOC,to detect early management-induced changes in SOC contents,and is also quantified by NIRS(R^(2)=0.92).A pedotransfer function is used to convert the results of the soil analyses to SOC sequestration in kg·ha^(-1)C as well as CO_(2).In conclusion,the tool allows fast,quantitative,and action-driven monitoring of SOC sequestration in farmer fields,and thereby is an essential tool for monitoring progress of SDG13.
