[Objective]The aim of this work was to establish an analytical method for the determination of deoxynivalenol(DON)in feeds using automatic immunomagnetic beads(IMBs)clean-up coupled with high-performance liquid chroma...[Objective]The aim of this work was to establish an analytical method for the determination of deoxynivalenol(DON)in feeds using automatic immunomagnetic beads(IMBs)clean-up coupled with high-performance liquid chromatography.[Method]Feed samples were extracted using ultra-pure water,purified by automatic IMBs,and subsequently analyzed via high-performance liquid chromatography,employing an external standard method for quantification.[Result]A satisfactory linearity was achieved for DON within the concentration range of 0.05 to 2.0μg/mL,with the corresponding correlation coefficients(R^(2))exceeding 0.9999.The limit of detection(LOD)and limit of quantification(LOQ)for the proposed method were determined to be 0.03 and 0.1 mg/kg,respectively.The average recoveries of the fortified samples(0.1,0.2 and 1.0 mg/kg)were 88.5%−100.6%,with the relative standard deviations(RSD)ranging from 2.1%to 9.7%.[Conclusion]In comparison with the traditional solidphase extraction and immunoaffinity column purification methods,the IMBs technique consolidates the extraction,separation,and purification into a single process.This approach enables fully automated processing,which significantly enhances work efficiency and mitigates result deviations that may arise from manual operations.Consequently,this technique is particularly well-suited for the determination of DON in a large number of feed samples.展开更多
In this paper, the discussion is concentrated on the properties of the polluted sediments and the combination of clean-up and disposal process for the upper layer heavily polluted sediments with good flowability. Base...In this paper, the discussion is concentrated on the properties of the polluted sediments and the combination of clean-up and disposal process for the upper layer heavily polluted sediments with good flowability. Based on the systematic analyses of various clean-up processes, a suitable engineering process has been evaluated and recommended. The process has been applied to the river reclamation in Yangpu District of Shanghai City, China. An improved centrifuge is used for dewatering the dredged sludge, which plays an important role in the combination of clean-up and disposal process. The assessment of the engineering process shows its environmental and technical economy feasibility, which is much better than that of traditional dredging-disposal processes.展开更多
Machining quality of clean-up region has a strong influence on the performances of the impeller. In order to plan clean-up tool paths rapidly and obtain good finish surface quality, an efficient and robust tool path g...Machining quality of clean-up region has a strong influence on the performances of the impeller. In order to plan clean-up tool paths rapidly and obtain good finish surface quality, an efficient and robust tool path generation method is presented, which employs an approach based on point-searching. The clean-up machining mentioned in this paper is pencil-cut and multilayer fillet-cut for a free-form model with a ball-end cutter. For pencil-cut, the cutter center position can be determined via judging whether it satisfies the distance requirement. After the searching direction and the tracing direction have been determined, by employing the point-searching algorithm with the idea of dichotomy, all the cutter contact （CC） points and cutter location （CL） points can be found and the clean-up boundaries can also be defined rapidly. Then the tool path is generated. Based on the main concept of pencil-cut, a multilayer fillet-cut method is proposed, which utilizes a ball-end cutter with its radius less than the design radius of clean-up region. Using a sequence of intermediate virtual cutters to divide the clean-up region into several layers and given a cusp-height tolerance for the final layer, then the tool paths for all layers are calculated. Finally, computer implementation is also presented in this paper, and the result shows that the proposed method is feasible.展开更多
Advanced integrated gasification combined cycle （IGCC） power generation systems require the development of high-temperature, regenerable desulfurization sorbents, which are capable of removing hydrogen sulfide from ...Advanced integrated gasification combined cycle （IGCC） power generation systems require the development of high-temperature, regenerable desulfurization sorbents, which are capable of removing hydrogen sulfide from coal gasifier gas to very low levels. In this paper, zinc ferrites prepared by co-precipitation were identified as a novel coal gas desulfurization sorbent at high temperature. Preparation of zinc ferrite and effects of binders on pore volume, strength and desulfurization efficiency of zinc ferrite desulfurizer were studied. Moreover, the behavior of zinc ferrite sorbent during desulfurization and regeneration under the temperature range of 350-400 ℃ are investigated. Effects of binders on the pore volume, mechanical strength and desulfurization efficiency of zinc ferrite sorbents indicated that the addition of kaolinite to zinc ferrite desulfurizer seems to be superior to other binders under the experimental conditions.展开更多
A rapid, cost effective and reliable analytical method was developed and validated for the simultaneous determination of four estrogens (17 β-estradiol, 17 α-ethinylestradiol, estrone, and estriol) in compost sample...A rapid, cost effective and reliable analytical method was developed and validated for the simultaneous determination of four estrogens (17 β-estradiol, 17 α-ethinylestradiol, estrone, and estriol) in compost samples from the biodegradation of biological infectious hazardous wastes. Ultrasonic solvent extraction, using methanol as extraction solvent, coupled with SPE clean-up, using cartridges HLB 60 mg - 6 ml Supelco®<sup></sup> and acetonitrile for reconstitution of eluents, was used for the simultaneous extraction of the four estrogens. Mean recoveries in the range of 98% - 107% were obtained. All compounds were separated in a single gradient run by UHPLC Kinetex<sup>TM</sup> 2.6 μm XB-C18 100 ÅLC (50 × 4.6 mm) column. Analytes were detected via multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) using an AB SCIEX API-5000TM triple quadrupole (Applied Biosystems/MDS SCIEX) with electrospray ionization in negative mode. Isocratic mobile phase of Water:ACN (50:50) resulted to be the optimum. Limits of detection and quantification were on the order of 0.66 ng·g<sup>-1</sup> and 2 ng·g<sup>-1</sup> for all the estrogens. These limits were lower than most of the values reported in the literature for similar matrices. Suitable level of linearity, good repeatability and reproducibility with coefficients of variation is lower than 11.7%, 6.8% and 8.3%, respectively.展开更多
We demonstrate a novel approach to achieve wavelength-tunable ultrashort pulses from an all-fiber mode-locked laser with a saturable absorber based on the nonlinear Kerr beam clean-up effect.This saturable absorber wa...We demonstrate a novel approach to achieve wavelength-tunable ultrashort pulses from an all-fiber mode-locked laser with a saturable absorber based on the nonlinear Kerr beam clean-up effect.This saturable absorber was formed by a single-mode fiber spliced to a graded-index multimode fiber,and its tunable band-pass filter effect is described by a numerical model.By adjusting the bending condition of the graded-index multimode fiber,the laser could produce dissipative soliton pulses with their central wavelength tunable from 1040 nm to 1063 nm.The pulse duration of the output laser could be compressed externally to 791 fs,and the signal to noise ratio of its radio frequency spectrum was measured to be 75.5 dB.展开更多
The existence of liquid water was found very important in incineration flue gas clean-up systems for enhancing the absorption of acid components contained. In a newly developed incineration flue gas clean-up tower, wh...The existence of liquid water was found very important in incineration flue gas clean-up systems for enhancing the absorption of acid components contained. In a newly developed incineration flue gas clean-up tower, which works in a semi-dry mode, the water is injected in the form of spray to maximum its contact surface with the gas. The criteria for the design of the water nozzles would be nigh water concentration but no liquid impinging on the solid wall and complete evaporation inside the tower. In order to optimize the atomizer design, the effects of the spray type (hollow or solid cone), their initial droplet she distribution and water flow rate on the performance of the acid gas absorption were investigated. The liquid behaviour was studied with a fluid dynamic simulation code, and the overall performance was checked experimentally. This paper presents the use of a commercial CFD code, FLUENT, and some modifications made during such investigation. The modification includes the viscosity of the flue gas defined as a function of the temperature, and the initial mass fraction of different droplet size group described with an exponential distribution formula of Rosin-Rammler. The investigation results (the optimal spray parameters) were used to guide the water nozzle design. The general performance of the flue gas clean-up system measured during the plant operation complied with the design criteria.展开更多
Designing highly porous materials is of great importance for liquid separation,water purification,and disinfection,such as spill oil cleaning and recycling,seawater desalting,and oil/water separation.However,a remaini...Designing highly porous materials is of great importance for liquid separation,water purification,and disinfection,such as spill oil cleaning and recycling,seawater desalting,and oil/water separation.However,a remaining challenge is to produce porous materials with the characteristics of fast absorption,continuous directional transport,and self-release of viscous liquid.Herein,a functional cellulosic composite is reported by the chemical treatment and functionalization of wood resulting in a smart wood that can thermally selfrelease and separate high viscosity oil.The smart wood has a high absorption speed of 1398 mL/(m_(2)·s)(ethylene glycol)and a maximum absorption capacity of 47.2 g/g(chloroform)due to its intrinsic vertical micro/nanoscale channel structure,low tortuosity,and high porosity.Moreover,the switchable wettability is achieved by the surface coating of poly(N-isopropylacrylamide)on the porous wood,which enables the collection and removal of oil from the oil/water mixture.The high viscosity oil can be automatically released due to the passive oil release at room temperature.The release capacity of the smart wood remains above 91%after 15 cyclic tests.We envision that this functional smart wood could be extended to a wide range of applications in smart hydrogels,microfluidics,artificial drug release,and environmental restoration.展开更多
基金Supported by National Key Research and Development Program of China(2023YFD1301001)Central Public-interest Scientific Institution Basal Research Fund(1610072023005)Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Program of CAAS(CAAS-ASTIP-IQSTAP-04).
文摘[Objective]The aim of this work was to establish an analytical method for the determination of deoxynivalenol(DON)in feeds using automatic immunomagnetic beads(IMBs)clean-up coupled with high-performance liquid chromatography.[Method]Feed samples were extracted using ultra-pure water,purified by automatic IMBs,and subsequently analyzed via high-performance liquid chromatography,employing an external standard method for quantification.[Result]A satisfactory linearity was achieved for DON within the concentration range of 0.05 to 2.0μg/mL,with the corresponding correlation coefficients(R^(2))exceeding 0.9999.The limit of detection(LOD)and limit of quantification(LOQ)for the proposed method were determined to be 0.03 and 0.1 mg/kg,respectively.The average recoveries of the fortified samples(0.1,0.2 and 1.0 mg/kg)were 88.5%−100.6%,with the relative standard deviations(RSD)ranging from 2.1%to 9.7%.[Conclusion]In comparison with the traditional solidphase extraction and immunoaffinity column purification methods,the IMBs technique consolidates the extraction,separation,and purification into a single process.This approach enables fully automated processing,which significantly enhances work efficiency and mitigates result deviations that may arise from manual operations.Consequently,this technique is particularly well-suited for the determination of DON in a large number of feed samples.
文摘In this paper, the discussion is concentrated on the properties of the polluted sediments and the combination of clean-up and disposal process for the upper layer heavily polluted sediments with good flowability. Based on the systematic analyses of various clean-up processes, a suitable engineering process has been evaluated and recommended. The process has been applied to the river reclamation in Yangpu District of Shanghai City, China. An improved centrifuge is used for dewatering the dredged sludge, which plays an important role in the combination of clean-up and disposal process. The assessment of the engineering process shows its environmental and technical economy feasibility, which is much better than that of traditional dredging-disposal processes.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China （51005183） National Science and Technology Major Project （2011X04016-031）
文摘Machining quality of clean-up region has a strong influence on the performances of the impeller. In order to plan clean-up tool paths rapidly and obtain good finish surface quality, an efficient and robust tool path generation method is presented, which employs an approach based on point-searching. The clean-up machining mentioned in this paper is pencil-cut and multilayer fillet-cut for a free-form model with a ball-end cutter. For pencil-cut, the cutter center position can be determined via judging whether it satisfies the distance requirement. After the searching direction and the tracing direction have been determined, by employing the point-searching algorithm with the idea of dichotomy, all the cutter contact （CC） points and cutter location （CL） points can be found and the clean-up boundaries can also be defined rapidly. Then the tool path is generated. Based on the main concept of pencil-cut, a multilayer fillet-cut method is proposed, which utilizes a ball-end cutter with its radius less than the design radius of clean-up region. Using a sequence of intermediate virtual cutters to divide the clean-up region into several layers and given a cusp-height tolerance for the final layer, then the tool paths for all layers are calculated. Finally, computer implementation is also presented in this paper, and the result shows that the proposed method is feasible.
基金the Ministry of Science and Technology of China under the Grant No. G2005CB221203the Natural Science Foundation of China under Contract No. 20576087.
文摘Advanced integrated gasification combined cycle （IGCC） power generation systems require the development of high-temperature, regenerable desulfurization sorbents, which are capable of removing hydrogen sulfide from coal gasifier gas to very low levels. In this paper, zinc ferrites prepared by co-precipitation were identified as a novel coal gas desulfurization sorbent at high temperature. Preparation of zinc ferrite and effects of binders on pore volume, strength and desulfurization efficiency of zinc ferrite desulfurizer were studied. Moreover, the behavior of zinc ferrite sorbent during desulfurization and regeneration under the temperature range of 350-400 ℃ are investigated. Effects of binders on the pore volume, mechanical strength and desulfurization efficiency of zinc ferrite sorbents indicated that the addition of kaolinite to zinc ferrite desulfurizer seems to be superior to other binders under the experimental conditions.
文摘A rapid, cost effective and reliable analytical method was developed and validated for the simultaneous determination of four estrogens (17 β-estradiol, 17 α-ethinylestradiol, estrone, and estriol) in compost samples from the biodegradation of biological infectious hazardous wastes. Ultrasonic solvent extraction, using methanol as extraction solvent, coupled with SPE clean-up, using cartridges HLB 60 mg - 6 ml Supelco®<sup></sup> and acetonitrile for reconstitution of eluents, was used for the simultaneous extraction of the four estrogens. Mean recoveries in the range of 98% - 107% were obtained. All compounds were separated in a single gradient run by UHPLC Kinetex<sup>TM</sup> 2.6 μm XB-C18 100 ÅLC (50 × 4.6 mm) column. Analytes were detected via multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) using an AB SCIEX API-5000TM triple quadrupole (Applied Biosystems/MDS SCIEX) with electrospray ionization in negative mode. Isocratic mobile phase of Water:ACN (50:50) resulted to be the optimum. Limits of detection and quantification were on the order of 0.66 ng·g<sup>-1</sup> and 2 ng·g<sup>-1</sup> for all the estrogens. These limits were lower than most of the values reported in the literature for similar matrices. Suitable level of linearity, good repeatability and reproducibility with coefficients of variation is lower than 11.7%, 6.8% and 8.3%, respectively.
文摘We demonstrate a novel approach to achieve wavelength-tunable ultrashort pulses from an all-fiber mode-locked laser with a saturable absorber based on the nonlinear Kerr beam clean-up effect.This saturable absorber was formed by a single-mode fiber spliced to a graded-index multimode fiber,and its tunable band-pass filter effect is described by a numerical model.By adjusting the bending condition of the graded-index multimode fiber,the laser could produce dissipative soliton pulses with their central wavelength tunable from 1040 nm to 1063 nm.The pulse duration of the output laser could be compressed externally to 791 fs,and the signal to noise ratio of its radio frequency spectrum was measured to be 75.5 dB.
文摘The existence of liquid water was found very important in incineration flue gas clean-up systems for enhancing the absorption of acid components contained. In a newly developed incineration flue gas clean-up tower, which works in a semi-dry mode, the water is injected in the form of spray to maximum its contact surface with the gas. The criteria for the design of the water nozzles would be nigh water concentration but no liquid impinging on the solid wall and complete evaporation inside the tower. In order to optimize the atomizer design, the effects of the spray type (hollow or solid cone), their initial droplet she distribution and water flow rate on the performance of the acid gas absorption were investigated. The liquid behaviour was studied with a fluid dynamic simulation code, and the overall performance was checked experimentally. This paper presents the use of a commercial CFD code, FLUENT, and some modifications made during such investigation. The modification includes the viscosity of the flue gas defined as a function of the temperature, and the initial mass fraction of different droplet size group described with an exponential distribution formula of Rosin-Rammler. The investigation results (the optimal spray parameters) were used to guide the water nozzle design. The general performance of the flue gas clean-up system measured during the plant operation complied with the design criteria.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China,Grant/Award Numbers:22108125,21971113,22175094Independent Innovation of Agricultural Science and Technology in Jiangsu Province,Grant/Award Numbers:CX(21)3166,CX(21)3163+3 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province,Grant/Award Number:BK20210627Doctor Project of Mass Entrepreneurship and Innovation in Jiangsu Province,Grant/Award Number:JSSCBS20210549Nanjing Science&Technology Innovation Project for Personnel Studying Abroad and Research Start-up Funding of Nanjing Forestry University,Grant/Award Number:163020259partially supported by the funding from the New ZealandMinistry of Business,Innovation and Employment(MBIE)in the Framework of the Strategic Science Investment Fund(No.C04X1703,Scion Platforms Plan)。
文摘Designing highly porous materials is of great importance for liquid separation,water purification,and disinfection,such as spill oil cleaning and recycling,seawater desalting,and oil/water separation.However,a remaining challenge is to produce porous materials with the characteristics of fast absorption,continuous directional transport,and self-release of viscous liquid.Herein,a functional cellulosic composite is reported by the chemical treatment and functionalization of wood resulting in a smart wood that can thermally selfrelease and separate high viscosity oil.The smart wood has a high absorption speed of 1398 mL/(m_(2)·s)(ethylene glycol)and a maximum absorption capacity of 47.2 g/g(chloroform)due to its intrinsic vertical micro/nanoscale channel structure,low tortuosity,and high porosity.Moreover,the switchable wettability is achieved by the surface coating of poly(N-isopropylacrylamide)on the porous wood,which enables the collection and removal of oil from the oil/water mixture.The high viscosity oil can be automatically released due to the passive oil release at room temperature.The release capacity of the smart wood remains above 91%after 15 cyclic tests.We envision that this functional smart wood could be extended to a wide range of applications in smart hydrogels,microfluidics,artificial drug release,and environmental restoration.
