The decomposition technique for linear system solution is proposed. This technique may be combined with any known method of linear system solution. An essential acceleration of computations is obtained. Methods of lin...The decomposition technique for linear system solution is proposed. This technique may be combined with any known method of linear system solution. An essential acceleration of computations is obtained. Methods of linear system solution depend on the set of numbers used. For integer and especially for natural numbers all the known methods are hard enough. In this case the decomposition technique described allows the exponential acceleration of computations.展开更多
This study examines the long-term impact of historical clan strength on contemporary human capital development in China.Our findings reveal that historical clan strength had a significant positive effect on individual...This study examines the long-term impact of historical clan strength on contemporary human capital development in China.Our findings reveal that historical clan strength had a significant positive effect on individual human capital,particularly in rural households,even afier accounting for confounders and robustness checks.We observe that clan culture complemented the implementation of compulsory education in shaping contemporary educational outcomes.Mechanism analysis suggests that clan strength motivated parents to prioritize their children's education and increased the likelihood of low-income individuals receiving financial assistance from relatives and friends.However,we find no evidence that clan strength affected the allocation of public educational resources.These findings highlight the enduring role of cultural transmission mechanisms in human capital formation and underscore the importance of incorporating cultural factors into the design of educational policies.展开更多
Founded in 1929 by a group of pioneering Teochew immigrants,Teochew Poit Ip Huay Kuan is now the largest Teochew clan association in Singapore,representing more than 6,000 members.What began as a traditional clan orga...Founded in 1929 by a group of pioneering Teochew immigrants,Teochew Poit Ip Huay Kuan is now the largest Teochew clan association in Singapore,representing more than 6,000 members.What began as a traditional clan organization has transformed into a dynamic international platform that promotes cultural preservation,strengthens business networks,and supports people-to-people diplomacy between Singapore and China.With seven dedicated divisions including cultural education,youth engagement,international affairs,commerce,and public welfare,the association’s mission is to unite Teochew people worldwide,safeguard their heritage,and foster cooperation between Singapore and China.It played a founding role in several major federations including the Malaysian Federation of Teochew Poit It Huay Kuan and the Singapore Federation of Chinese Clan Associations.展开更多
Roots and reverence:The New Years Eve of ancestral traditions Unlike many Chinese families,who spend the New Years Eve watching the CCTV New Years Gala,my family assembles in the clan hall to honor our ancestors.This ...Roots and reverence:The New Years Eve of ancestral traditions Unlike many Chinese families,who spend the New Years Eve watching the CCTV New Years Gala,my family assembles in the clan hall to honor our ancestors.This ritual has been passed down for generations,and now it is our turn to carry it forward.展开更多
This article takes the theory of power space as an starting point for an in-depth comparison of the clan hall in White Deer Plains and the scaffold in The Scarlet Letter.In White Deer Plains,The clan hall,as the core ...This article takes the theory of power space as an starting point for an in-depth comparison of the clan hall in White Deer Plains and the scaffold in The Scarlet Letter.In White Deer Plains,The clan hall,as the core place of family activities,has a spatial layout that implies a hierarchy of power,and the taboos it represents relate to various aspects such as marriage and bloodline,and maintains the order of the clan through a variety of disciplinary mechanisms.The scaffold in The Scarlet Letter is located in the town’s central square and is a symbol of Puritan social power and moral discipline,behind which Puritan taboos influence people’s behaviors and public punishments are used to achieve the discipline of the people.The research reveals the similarities and differences between the two in terms of sources of power,modes of operation and influence,and opens up new horizons for cross-cultural literary studies.展开更多
In recent years,decomposition-based evolutionary algorithms have become popular algorithms for solving multi-objective problems in real-life scenarios.In these algorithms,the reference vectors of the Penalty-Based bou...In recent years,decomposition-based evolutionary algorithms have become popular algorithms for solving multi-objective problems in real-life scenarios.In these algorithms,the reference vectors of the Penalty-Based boundary intersection(PBI)are distributed parallelly while those based on the normal boundary intersection(NBI)are distributed radially in a conical shape in the objective space.To improve the problem-solving effectiveness of multi-objective optimization algorithms in engineering applications,this paper addresses the improvement of the Collaborative Decomposition(CoD)method,a multi-objective decomposition technique that integrates PBI and NBI,and combines it with the Elephant Clan Optimization Algorithm,introducing the Collaborative Decomposition Multi-objective Improved Elephant Clan Optimization Algorithm(CoDMOIECO).Specifically,a novel subpopulation construction method with adaptive changes following the number of iterations and a novel individual merit ranking based onNBI and angle are proposed.,enabling the creation of subpopulations closely linked to weight vectors and the identification of diverse individuals within them.Additionally,new update strategies for the clan leader,male elephants,and juvenile elephants are introduced to boost individual exploitation capabilities and further enhance the algorithm’s convergence.Finally,a new CoD-based environmental selection method is proposed,introducing adaptive dynamically adjusted angle coefficients and individual angles on corresponding weight vectors,significantly improving both the convergence and distribution of the algorithm.Experimental comparisons on the ZDT,DTLZ,and WFG function sets with four benchmark multi-objective algorithms—MOEA/D,CAMOEA,VaEA,and MOEA/D-UR—demonstrate that CoDMOIECO achieves superior performance in both convergence and distribution.展开更多
Nowadays,wireless communication devices turn out to be transportable owing to the execution of the current technologies.The antenna is the most important component deployed for communication purposes.The antenna plays...Nowadays,wireless communication devices turn out to be transportable owing to the execution of the current technologies.The antenna is the most important component deployed for communication purposes.The antenna plays an imperative role in receiving and transmitting the signals for any sensor network.Among varied antennas,micro strip fractal antenna(MFA)significantly contributes to increasing antenna gain.This study employs a hybrid optimization method known as the elephant clan updated grey wolf algorithm to introduce an optimized MFA design.This method optimizes antenna characteristics,including directivity and gain.Here,the factors,including length,width,ground plane length,height,and feed offset-X and feed offset-Y,are taken into account to achieve the best performance of gain and directivity.Ultimately,the superiority of the suggested technique over state-of-the-art strategies is calculated for various metrics such as cost and gain.The adopted model converges to a minimal value of 0.2872.Further,the spider monkey optimization(SMO)model accomplishes the worst performance over all other existing models like elephant herding optimization(EHO),grey wolf optimization(GWO),lion algorithm(LA),support vector regressor(SVR),bacterial foraging-particle swarm optimization(BF-PSO)and shark smell optimization(SSO).Effective MFA design is obtained using the suggested strategy regarding various parameters.展开更多
This paper studies the clan temples in four periods,namely,the development period(early Ming Dynasty and before),the shaping period(mid-Ming Dynasty to early Qing Dynasty),the maturity period(mid-Qing Dynasty),and the...This paper studies the clan temples in four periods,namely,the development period(early Ming Dynasty and before),the shaping period(mid-Ming Dynasty to early Qing Dynasty),the maturity period(mid-Qing Dynasty),and the programmed period(late Qing Dynasty),analyzes and summarizes their prototypical planform features and attempts to summarize and construct a genealogy of the architectural characteristics of the plane shape of clan temples.During the Ming and Qing dynasties,Guangfu ancestral halls in general showed a journey of development from a centripetal-single-linear-multi-linear-grid pattern,forming the unique Guangsanlu classic pattern in the Guangfu area.展开更多
Xu Chunfu was a famous medical expert in the Ming Dynasty, who authored the Gu Jin Yi Tong Da Quan and the Yi Xue Zhi Nan Jie Jing Liu Shu. This paper uses the Xu family genealogy, literature catalog, historical recor...Xu Chunfu was a famous medical expert in the Ming Dynasty, who authored the Gu Jin Yi Tong Da Quan and the Yi Xue Zhi Nan Jie Jing Liu Shu. This paper uses the Xu family genealogy, literature catalog, historical records to study the Xu family’s life and deeds. Xu Chunfu was born in the second year of the Jiajing reign of the Ming Dynasty (1523) and passed away in the 24th year of the Wanli reign of the Ming Dynasty (1596). He served as an official in the Tai Hospital for about 20 years. His work Gu Jin Yi Tong Da Quan was written around the 43rd year of the Jiajing reign of the Ming Dynasty (1556), with a lower limit of the fifth year of the Longqing reign of the Ming Dynasty (1571), and the initial engraving time was not earlier than the eighth year of the Wanli reign of the Ming Dynasty (1580). This paper corrects the shortcomings and errors in previous research, and provides a comprehensive and systematic examination of Xu Chunfu’s life and works.展开更多
Chinese people attach great importance to family ties and kinship.Wushu has been handed down and developed with fami-lies as the standard units.Hitherto,some clans still control the nuclear skills of their boxing scho...Chinese people attach great importance to family ties and kinship.Wushu has been handed down and developed with fami-lies as the standard units.Hitherto,some clans still control the nuclear skills of their boxing schools,and have kept them secret.展开更多
It is well known that in most cases, a reference is necessary for structural health diagnosis, and it is very difficult to obtain such a reference for a given structure. In this paper, a clan member signal method （C...It is well known that in most cases, a reference is necessary for structural health diagnosis, and it is very difficult to obtain such a reference for a given structure. In this paper, a clan member signal method （CMSM） is proposed for use in structures consisting of groups （or clans） that have the same geometry, i.e., the same cross section and length, and identical boundary conditions. It is expected that signals measured on any undamaged member in a clan after an event could be used as a reference for any other members in the clan. To verify the applicability of the proposed method, a steel truss model is tested and the results show that the CMSM is very effective in detecting local damage in structures composed of identical slender members.展开更多
Exploration of ways to improve the subjective welfare of residents is an important area of current academic research.Using data from the China Family Panel Studies survey conducted in 2010,this paper investigated the ...Exploration of ways to improve the subjective welfare of residents is an important area of current academic research.Using data from the China Family Panel Studies survey conducted in 2010,this paper investigated the impact of clan culture on the mental health of elderly people in rural China.The results demonstrated that clan culture can significantly decrease the depression score of the rural elderly.Further,there was no gender difference with respect to the impact of clan culture on the depression score of the elderly.At the same time,the positive effects of clan culture on the depression score of the elderly have gradually weakened with economic development.Exploration of the mechanisms involved indicated that in areas with stronger clan culture,older people receive more social support.This study enriches our understanding of the impact of informal institutions on the welfare of rural residents.At the same time,it can also provide a certain decisionmaking reference for the government to formulate relative poverty relief strategies in a new stage of poverty alleviation.展开更多
"China's deep-rooted family culture and the resulting family spirit is one of the basic characteristics of Chinese society that differs from western society," said by Chinese sociologist Fei Xiaotong. Ge..."China's deep-rooted family culture and the resulting family spirit is one of the basic characteristics of Chinese society that differs from western society," said by Chinese sociologist Fei Xiaotong. German sociologist Max Weber defi nes Chinese society as "family structure society"[1]. And sociologist Fei Zhengqing believes that the villages in China are organized by families. In sociological studies, the traditional villages are divided into three types: single-clan villages with only one dominating family, main-clan villages which are mainly composed of several families, and multi-clan villages where some coequal families live together[2]. The authors believe that traditional villages are organized social communities with kinship as a link. They are products of the family system. There is a close connection between a village's family composition and its space construction. Single-clan village is an introverted spatial organization mode entirely based on kinship, ancestral hall is located in the center and the whole spatial structure grows toward it. Main-clan village is a decentralized family aggregate based on the ties of blood as well as region. And the organization of its village space depends on temples and pavilions where families enshrine and worship ancestors and gods. It owns obvious features of collage and collaboration. M ulticlan village is a collaborative and extroverted complex spatial system led by relationship of colleagues, where large public buildings are taken as the core to organize commercial activities. Its form is similar to the form of small towns. Taking sociological term "family" as the starting point and cases of national historic cultural villages including Hong Village, Zhuge Village, Zoumatang Village, Suzhuang Village and Guoyu Village into further study, this article analyses the correlation between kinship composition and spatial form of villages, tries to reveal the essential structure of traditional space of villages and to provide a new perspective on spatial study as well as basis for preservation of traditional villages.展开更多
文摘The decomposition technique for linear system solution is proposed. This technique may be combined with any known method of linear system solution. An essential acceleration of computations is obtained. Methods of linear system solution depend on the set of numbers used. For integer and especially for natural numbers all the known methods are hard enough. In this case the decomposition technique described allows the exponential acceleration of computations.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.72373057)and the National Social Sciences Foundation of China(No.23AZD085).
文摘This study examines the long-term impact of historical clan strength on contemporary human capital development in China.Our findings reveal that historical clan strength had a significant positive effect on individual human capital,particularly in rural households,even afier accounting for confounders and robustness checks.We observe that clan culture complemented the implementation of compulsory education in shaping contemporary educational outcomes.Mechanism analysis suggests that clan strength motivated parents to prioritize their children's education and increased the likelihood of low-income individuals receiving financial assistance from relatives and friends.However,we find no evidence that clan strength affected the allocation of public educational resources.These findings highlight the enduring role of cultural transmission mechanisms in human capital formation and underscore the importance of incorporating cultural factors into the design of educational policies.
文摘Founded in 1929 by a group of pioneering Teochew immigrants,Teochew Poit Ip Huay Kuan is now the largest Teochew clan association in Singapore,representing more than 6,000 members.What began as a traditional clan organization has transformed into a dynamic international platform that promotes cultural preservation,strengthens business networks,and supports people-to-people diplomacy between Singapore and China.With seven dedicated divisions including cultural education,youth engagement,international affairs,commerce,and public welfare,the association’s mission is to unite Teochew people worldwide,safeguard their heritage,and foster cooperation between Singapore and China.It played a founding role in several major federations including the Malaysian Federation of Teochew Poit It Huay Kuan and the Singapore Federation of Chinese Clan Associations.
文摘Roots and reverence:The New Years Eve of ancestral traditions Unlike many Chinese families,who spend the New Years Eve watching the CCTV New Years Gala,my family assembles in the clan hall to honor our ancestors.This ritual has been passed down for generations,and now it is our turn to carry it forward.
文摘This article takes the theory of power space as an starting point for an in-depth comparison of the clan hall in White Deer Plains and the scaffold in The Scarlet Letter.In White Deer Plains,The clan hall,as the core place of family activities,has a spatial layout that implies a hierarchy of power,and the taboos it represents relate to various aspects such as marriage and bloodline,and maintains the order of the clan through a variety of disciplinary mechanisms.The scaffold in The Scarlet Letter is located in the town’s central square and is a symbol of Puritan social power and moral discipline,behind which Puritan taboos influence people’s behaviors and public punishments are used to achieve the discipline of the people.The research reveals the similarities and differences between the two in terms of sources of power,modes of operation and influence,and opens up new horizons for cross-cultural literary studies.
文摘In recent years,decomposition-based evolutionary algorithms have become popular algorithms for solving multi-objective problems in real-life scenarios.In these algorithms,the reference vectors of the Penalty-Based boundary intersection(PBI)are distributed parallelly while those based on the normal boundary intersection(NBI)are distributed radially in a conical shape in the objective space.To improve the problem-solving effectiveness of multi-objective optimization algorithms in engineering applications,this paper addresses the improvement of the Collaborative Decomposition(CoD)method,a multi-objective decomposition technique that integrates PBI and NBI,and combines it with the Elephant Clan Optimization Algorithm,introducing the Collaborative Decomposition Multi-objective Improved Elephant Clan Optimization Algorithm(CoDMOIECO).Specifically,a novel subpopulation construction method with adaptive changes following the number of iterations and a novel individual merit ranking based onNBI and angle are proposed.,enabling the creation of subpopulations closely linked to weight vectors and the identification of diverse individuals within them.Additionally,new update strategies for the clan leader,male elephants,and juvenile elephants are introduced to boost individual exploitation capabilities and further enhance the algorithm’s convergence.Finally,a new CoD-based environmental selection method is proposed,introducing adaptive dynamically adjusted angle coefficients and individual angles on corresponding weight vectors,significantly improving both the convergence and distribution of the algorithm.Experimental comparisons on the ZDT,DTLZ,and WFG function sets with four benchmark multi-objective algorithms—MOEA/D,CAMOEA,VaEA,and MOEA/D-UR—demonstrate that CoDMOIECO achieves superior performance in both convergence and distribution.
文摘Nowadays,wireless communication devices turn out to be transportable owing to the execution of the current technologies.The antenna is the most important component deployed for communication purposes.The antenna plays an imperative role in receiving and transmitting the signals for any sensor network.Among varied antennas,micro strip fractal antenna(MFA)significantly contributes to increasing antenna gain.This study employs a hybrid optimization method known as the elephant clan updated grey wolf algorithm to introduce an optimized MFA design.This method optimizes antenna characteristics,including directivity and gain.Here,the factors,including length,width,ground plane length,height,and feed offset-X and feed offset-Y,are taken into account to achieve the best performance of gain and directivity.Ultimately,the superiority of the suggested technique over state-of-the-art strategies is calculated for various metrics such as cost and gain.The adopted model converges to a minimal value of 0.2872.Further,the spider monkey optimization(SMO)model accomplishes the worst performance over all other existing models like elephant herding optimization(EHO),grey wolf optimization(GWO),lion algorithm(LA),support vector regressor(SVR),bacterial foraging-particle swarm optimization(BF-PSO)and shark smell optimization(SSO).Effective MFA design is obtained using the suggested strategy regarding various parameters.
文摘This paper studies the clan temples in four periods,namely,the development period(early Ming Dynasty and before),the shaping period(mid-Ming Dynasty to early Qing Dynasty),the maturity period(mid-Qing Dynasty),and the programmed period(late Qing Dynasty),analyzes and summarizes their prototypical planform features and attempts to summarize and construct a genealogy of the architectural characteristics of the plane shape of clan temples.During the Ming and Qing dynasties,Guangfu ancestral halls in general showed a journey of development from a centripetal-single-linear-multi-linear-grid pattern,forming the unique Guangsanlu classic pattern in the Guangfu area.
基金the 2020 National Social Science Foundation Major Project(20&ZD222)Open Project of Key Laboratory of Xin’an Medical Education in 2022,“Research on the Active Utilization of Intangible Cultural Heritage Resources in the Gu Jin Yi Tong Da Quan"(2022xayx01)2022 Anhui Provincial Central Finance Traditional Chinese Medicine Special Fund“North Huatuo,South Xin’an”Inheritance and Innovation Project:Systematic Compilation and Audiovisual Protection Research of Xin’an Medical Traditional Medicine Intangible Cultural Heritage Project(2022BHTNXA02).
文摘Xu Chunfu was a famous medical expert in the Ming Dynasty, who authored the Gu Jin Yi Tong Da Quan and the Yi Xue Zhi Nan Jie Jing Liu Shu. This paper uses the Xu family genealogy, literature catalog, historical records to study the Xu family’s life and deeds. Xu Chunfu was born in the second year of the Jiajing reign of the Ming Dynasty (1523) and passed away in the 24th year of the Wanli reign of the Ming Dynasty (1596). He served as an official in the Tai Hospital for about 20 years. His work Gu Jin Yi Tong Da Quan was written around the 43rd year of the Jiajing reign of the Ming Dynasty (1556), with a lower limit of the fifth year of the Longqing reign of the Ming Dynasty (1571), and the initial engraving time was not earlier than the eighth year of the Wanli reign of the Ming Dynasty (1580). This paper corrects the shortcomings and errors in previous research, and provides a comprehensive and systematic examination of Xu Chunfu’s life and works.
文摘Chinese people attach great importance to family ties and kinship.Wushu has been handed down and developed with fami-lies as the standard units.Hitherto,some clans still control the nuclear skills of their boxing schools,and have kept them secret.
基金Chinese Ministry of Science and Technology and National Natural Science Foundation Under Grant No. 2006DFB71680
文摘It is well known that in most cases, a reference is necessary for structural health diagnosis, and it is very difficult to obtain such a reference for a given structure. In this paper, a clan member signal method （CMSM） is proposed for use in structures consisting of groups （or clans） that have the same geometry, i.e., the same cross section and length, and identical boundary conditions. It is expected that signals measured on any undamaged member in a clan after an event could be used as a reference for any other members in the clan. To verify the applicability of the proposed method, a steel truss model is tested and the results show that the CMSM is very effective in detecting local damage in structures composed of identical slender members.
基金financial support provided by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,China(BLX201945)。
文摘Exploration of ways to improve the subjective welfare of residents is an important area of current academic research.Using data from the China Family Panel Studies survey conducted in 2010,this paper investigated the impact of clan culture on the mental health of elderly people in rural China.The results demonstrated that clan culture can significantly decrease the depression score of the rural elderly.Further,there was no gender difference with respect to the impact of clan culture on the depression score of the elderly.At the same time,the positive effects of clan culture on the depression score of the elderly have gradually weakened with economic development.Exploration of the mechanisms involved indicated that in areas with stronger clan culture,older people receive more social support.This study enriches our understanding of the impact of informal institutions on the welfare of rural residents.At the same time,it can also provide a certain decisionmaking reference for the government to formulate relative poverty relief strategies in a new stage of poverty alleviation.
文摘"China's deep-rooted family culture and the resulting family spirit is one of the basic characteristics of Chinese society that differs from western society," said by Chinese sociologist Fei Xiaotong. German sociologist Max Weber defi nes Chinese society as "family structure society"[1]. And sociologist Fei Zhengqing believes that the villages in China are organized by families. In sociological studies, the traditional villages are divided into three types: single-clan villages with only one dominating family, main-clan villages which are mainly composed of several families, and multi-clan villages where some coequal families live together[2]. The authors believe that traditional villages are organized social communities with kinship as a link. They are products of the family system. There is a close connection between a village's family composition and its space construction. Single-clan village is an introverted spatial organization mode entirely based on kinship, ancestral hall is located in the center and the whole spatial structure grows toward it. Main-clan village is a decentralized family aggregate based on the ties of blood as well as region. And the organization of its village space depends on temples and pavilions where families enshrine and worship ancestors and gods. It owns obvious features of collage and collaboration. M ulticlan village is a collaborative and extroverted complex spatial system led by relationship of colleagues, where large public buildings are taken as the core to organize commercial activities. Its form is similar to the form of small towns. Taking sociological term "family" as the starting point and cases of national historic cultural villages including Hong Village, Zhuge Village, Zoumatang Village, Suzhuang Village and Guoyu Village into further study, this article analyses the correlation between kinship composition and spatial form of villages, tries to reveal the essential structure of traditional space of villages and to provide a new perspective on spatial study as well as basis for preservation of traditional villages.
