Journal Customer services For ordering information,claims and any enquiry concerning your joumal subeription please go to contact your nearest ofice.America:Tel:(401)515-4764 Europe,Middle East,Africa and Asia Pacifie...Journal Customer services For ordering information,claims and any enquiry concerning your joumal subeription please go to contact your nearest ofice.America:Tel:(401)515-4764 Europe,Middle East,Africa and Asia Pacifie:Emil:aiar@163com;523404392@qcom;434421224@qq.com Te:+86-551-65148112 Annual subscription rate(12 issues):US$300.展开更多
Journal Customer services For ordering information,claims and any enquiry concerning your joumal subscription please go to contact your nearest office.America:Tel:(401)515--4764 Europe,Middle East,Africa and Asia Paci...Journal Customer services For ordering information,claims and any enquiry concerning your joumal subscription please go to contact your nearest office.America:Tel:(401)515--4764 Europe,Middle East,Africa and Asia Pacific:Email:asiaar@163.com;523404392@qq.com;434421224@qq.com Tel:+86-551-65148112 Annual subscription rate(12 issues):US$300 Instructions for Submissions AlI manuscripts should be submitted in a single file(ineluding text,notes,references,figures,and tables)in MS-Word(doc)or Ado-be Acrobat(pdf)format only by email to asiaar@163.com.展开更多
The increasing cost of infrastructure development risks stifling national investment plans.Many projects in Uganda have suffered because of the frequency and magnitude of claims made by parties involved especially the...The increasing cost of infrastructure development risks stifling national investment plans.Many projects in Uganda have suffered because of the frequency and magnitude of claims made by parties involved especially the contractors.As a result,the construction industry is plagued with claims which quite often lead to adversarial relationships.The major grounds for claims were identified through studying the contract documents where claims had been made.Increase in scope;change orders;errors in contract documents;inclement weather;inflation;delay in possessing the site;and change in the tax policy were the most prevalent grounds for making claims.Problems identified in claiming process include delays in getting approval;information on claims not reliable;hostility from the parties involved;pricing of claims;delays in effecting payment when approved;and overzealous contract interpretation leading to misunderstanding and delays Using a survey on project managers for 64 contractors and their corresponding clients or their representatives,the major ways in which it can be reduced were identified as being thoroughness during the design phase;providing for inflation;proper planning of works;using prequalified contractors;and proper documentation of records.Clients have a big role to play in reducing claims.展开更多
The future of Sino-U.S.strategic engagement has become a focus of international attention since the second inauguration of U.S.President Donald Trump this January.Previously,Trump claimed intentions to boost domestic ...The future of Sino-U.S.strategic engagement has become a focus of international attention since the second inauguration of U.S.President Donald Trump this January.Previously,Trump claimed intentions to boost domestic manufacturing.If his plan continues,the U.S.may seek a certain degree of cooperation with China in trade in order to benefit from China’s vast market and complete industrial chain.The two countries can negotiate on lowering tariffs and other trade barriers and leveraging China’s manufacturing capacity to reduce the risk of decoupling in bilateral trade.展开更多
Objective:With the continuous changes in social production,the consumption th inking of the masses obviously cannot keep up with the speed of social developmen t,and insurance disputes are increasingly emerging.Among ...Objective:With the continuous changes in social production,the consumption th inking of the masses obviously cannot keep up with the speed of social developmen t,and insurance disputes are increasingly emerging.Among them,the shortcomings of personal injury claims are not prominent,and the theoretical knowledge is not co mplete.In order to improve the quality of professional talents and reduce claims dis putes,the feasibility of integrating forensic medicine into personal injury claims is ex plored.Methods:The professional attributes,subject attributes,knowledge system an d employment data of forensic medicine are analyzed and compared with the actual work of personal injury claims.Main results:Forensic medicine has its uniqueness i n on-site investigation,injury-disease relationship analysis,and resolution of doubts.I t is irreplaceable by other subjects.The subject attributes are consistent with the pe rsonal injury claims major,and personal injury claims itself has basic medical courses,so it is easier to accept forensic medicine.Conclusion:Under the current social bac kground,through the study of the forensic medicine system in the personal injury cl aims major,it has positive practical significance for its professional construction and talent training.展开更多
Claim是英语中常见的言语行为动词,但其用法特征颇为复杂。即使是英语为本族语言者,其使用得体与否也常受质疑。Brysoon(2002)把Claim一词列入Dictionary of Troublesome Words也是事出有因。本文拟从语言学的角度对该词及相关词项作用...Claim是英语中常见的言语行为动词,但其用法特征颇为复杂。即使是英语为本族语言者,其使用得体与否也常受质疑。Brysoon(2002)把Claim一词列入Dictionary of Troublesome Words也是事出有因。本文拟从语言学的角度对该词及相关词项作用法译评。展开更多
The research examines the way in which members of the U.S. House of Representative represent themselves on the social network site Facebook. Each member’s activity is observed on seven different occasions and the fre...The research examines the way in which members of the U.S. House of Representative represent themselves on the social network site Facebook. Each member’s activity is observed on seven different occasions and the frequency and substantive character of posts made during the second half of 2013 are established. The focus is on position-taking posts versus posts which mention the district the member serves in. Our expectation is that members from electorally safe districts will be more likely to advertise their policy positions while members from marginal districts will be more inclined to advertise their district connections. We control for minority party status, gender, and ideological extremism among other concerns and learn electoral safety is a good predictor of both “position-taking” and “district mentions”. Consistent with an electoral motive, we also find members from the minority party less likely to take positions on the issues of the day and more likely to mention the district they serve in.展开更多
Based on the context theory within the framework of the metafunction,the paper analyses the English claim letters in terms of field,tenor and mode.The result of the paper shows the features of the claim letters which ...Based on the context theory within the framework of the metafunction,the paper analyses the English claim letters in terms of field,tenor and mode.The result of the paper shows the features of the claim letters which will help the English claim letter writing.展开更多
Unit 9 The BrainLanguage Points:1.complex:adj./n.复杂的,难懂的;综合体,体系。例:(1)What the professor said was too complexfor me to understand.教授说的太复杂了,我不理解。(2)Shenyang is an industrial complex.沈阳是一个...Unit 9 The BrainLanguage Points:1.complex:adj./n.复杂的,难懂的;综合体,体系。例:(1)What the professor said was too complexfor me to understand.教授说的太复杂了,我不理解。(2)Shenyang is an industrial complex.沈阳是一个工业中心。2.complicated:adj.复杂的。例:展开更多
AIM To estimate the risk of end-stage renal disease(ESRD)in patients with inflammatory bowel disease(IBD).METHODS From January 2010 to December 2013, patients with Crohn's disease(CD) and ulcerative colitis(UC) we...AIM To estimate the risk of end-stage renal disease(ESRD)in patients with inflammatory bowel disease(IBD).METHODS From January 2010 to December 2013, patients with Crohn's disease(CD) and ulcerative colitis(UC) were identified, based on both the International Classification of Diseases, 10 th revision(ICD-10) and the rare,intractable disease registration program codes from the National Health Insurance(NHI) database in South Korea. We compared 38812 patients with IBD to ageand sex-matched non-IBD controls with a ratio of 1:3.Patients newly diagnosed with ESRD were identified with the ICD-10 code.RESULTS During a mean follow-up of 4.9 years, ESRD was detected in 79(0.2%) patients with IBD and 166(0.1%)controls. The incidence of ESRD in patients with IBD was0.42 per 1000 person-years. Patients with IBD had a significantly higher risk of ESRD than controls [adjusted hazard ratio(HR) = 3.03; 95% confidence interval(CI):1.77-5.20; P < 0.001]. The incidences(per 1000 personyears)of ESRD were 0.51 in patients with CD and 0.13 in controls, respectively(adjusted HR = 6.33; 95%CI:2.75-14.56; P < 0.001). In contrast, the incidence of ESRD was similar between the UC and control groups(0.37 vs 0.37 per 1000 person-years; adjusted HR = 2.01;95%CI: 0.90-4.51; P = 0.089).CONCLUSION The risk of ESRD was elevated in patients with CD, but not UC. Patients with CD should be monitored carefully for signs of renal insufficiency.展开更多
This article considers a risk model as in Yuen et al. （2002）. Under this model the two claim number processes are correlated. Claim occurrence of both classes relate to Poisson and Erlang processes. The formulae is ...This article considers a risk model as in Yuen et al. （2002）. Under this model the two claim number processes are correlated. Claim occurrence of both classes relate to Poisson and Erlang processes. The formulae is derived for the distribution of the surplus immediately before ruin, for the distribution of the surplus immediately after ruin and the joint distribution of the surplus immediately before and after ruin. The asymptotic property of these ruin functions is also investigated.展开更多
BACKGROUND There is a growing evidence regarding an increased risk of inflammatory bowel disease(IBD)among patients with airway diseases.AIM To investigate the influence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD)o...BACKGROUND There is a growing evidence regarding an increased risk of inflammatory bowel disease(IBD)among patients with airway diseases.AIM To investigate the influence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD)on the risk of IBD.METHODS A nationwide,population-based study was conducted using data from the National Health Insurance Service database.A total of 1303021 patients with COPD and 6515105 non-COPD controls were identified.The COPD group was divided into the severe and the mild COPD group according to diagnostic criteria.The risk of IBD in patients with COPD compared to controls was analyzed by Cox proportional hazard regression models.The cumulative incidences of IBD were compared between the groups.RESULTS The COPD group had higher incidences of IBD compared to non-COPD controls(incidence rate,9.98 vs 7.18 per 100000 person-years,P<0.001).The risk of IBD in the COPD group was increased by 1.38(adjusted hazard ratio(HR);95%CI:1.25-1.52).The incidence rate of IBD was higher in the severe COPD group than in the mild COPD group(12.39 vs 9.77 per 100000 person-year,P<0.001).The severity of COPD was associated with an increased risk of IBD(adjusted HR 1.70 in severe COPD,95%CI:1.27-2.21 and adjusted HR 1.35 in mild COPD,95%CI:1.22-1.49)CONCLUSION The incidences of IBD were significantly increased in COPD patients in South Korea and the risk of developing IBD also increased as the severity of COPD increased.展开更多
In this paper, a compound binomial model with a constant dividend barrier and random income is considered. Two types of individual claims, main claims and by-claims, are defined, where every by-claim is induced by the...In this paper, a compound binomial model with a constant dividend barrier and random income is considered. Two types of individual claims, main claims and by-claims, are defined, where every by-claim is induced by the main claim and may be delayed for one time period with a certain probability. The premium income is assumed to another binomial process to capture the uncertainty of the customer＇s arrivals and payments. A system of difference equations with certain boundary conditions for the expected present value of total dividend payments prior to ruin is derived and solved. Explicit results are obtained when the claim sizes are Kn distributed or the claim size distributions have finite support. Numerical results are also provided to illustrate the impact of the delay of by-claims on the expected present value of dividends.展开更多
Objective: To evaluate the accuracy of identifying cancer patients by use of medical claims data in a health insurance system in China, and provide the basis for establishing the claims-based cancer surveillance syste...Objective: To evaluate the accuracy of identifying cancer patients by use of medical claims data in a health insurance system in China, and provide the basis for establishing the claims-based cancer surveillance system in China.Methods: We chose Hua County, Henan Province as the study site, and randomly selected 300 and 1,200 qualified inpatient electronic medical records(EMRs) as well as the New Rural Cooperative Medical Scheme(NCMS) claims records for cancer patients in Hua County People’s Hospital(HCPH) and Anyang Cancer Hospital(ACH) in 2017. Diagnostic information for NCMS claims was evaluated on an individual level, and sensitivity and positive predictive value(PPV) were calculated taking the EMRs as the gold standard.Results: The sensitivity of NCMS was 95.2%(93.8%-96.3%) and 92.0%(88.3%-94.8%) in ACH and HCPH,respectively. The PPV of the NCMS was 97.8%(96.7%-98.5%) in ACH and 89.0%(84.9%-92.3%) in HCPH.Overall, the weighted and combined sensitivity and PPV of NCMS in Hua County was 93.1% and 92.1%,respectively. Significantly higher sensitivity and PPV in identifying patients with common cancers than noncommon cancers were detected in HCPH and ACH separately(P<0.01).Conclusions: Identification of cancer patients by use of the NCMS is accurate on individual level, and it is therefore feasible to conduct claims-based cancer surveillance in areas not covered by cancer registries in China.展开更多
文摘Journal Customer services For ordering information,claims and any enquiry concerning your joumal subeription please go to contact your nearest ofice.America:Tel:(401)515-4764 Europe,Middle East,Africa and Asia Pacifie:Emil:aiar@163com;523404392@qcom;434421224@qq.com Te:+86-551-65148112 Annual subscription rate(12 issues):US$300.
文摘Journal Customer services For ordering information,claims and any enquiry concerning your joumal subscription please go to contact your nearest office.America:Tel:(401)515--4764 Europe,Middle East,Africa and Asia Pacific:Email:asiaar@163.com;523404392@qq.com;434421224@qq.com Tel:+86-551-65148112 Annual subscription rate(12 issues):US$300 Instructions for Submissions AlI manuscripts should be submitted in a single file(ineluding text,notes,references,figures,and tables)in MS-Word(doc)or Ado-be Acrobat(pdf)format only by email to asiaar@163.com.
文摘The increasing cost of infrastructure development risks stifling national investment plans.Many projects in Uganda have suffered because of the frequency and magnitude of claims made by parties involved especially the contractors.As a result,the construction industry is plagued with claims which quite often lead to adversarial relationships.The major grounds for claims were identified through studying the contract documents where claims had been made.Increase in scope;change orders;errors in contract documents;inclement weather;inflation;delay in possessing the site;and change in the tax policy were the most prevalent grounds for making claims.Problems identified in claiming process include delays in getting approval;information on claims not reliable;hostility from the parties involved;pricing of claims;delays in effecting payment when approved;and overzealous contract interpretation leading to misunderstanding and delays Using a survey on project managers for 64 contractors and their corresponding clients or their representatives,the major ways in which it can be reduced were identified as being thoroughness during the design phase;providing for inflation;proper planning of works;using prequalified contractors;and proper documentation of records.Clients have a big role to play in reducing claims.
文摘The future of Sino-U.S.strategic engagement has become a focus of international attention since the second inauguration of U.S.President Donald Trump this January.Previously,Trump claimed intentions to boost domestic manufacturing.If his plan continues,the U.S.may seek a certain degree of cooperation with China in trade in order to benefit from China’s vast market and complete industrial chain.The two countries can negotiate on lowering tariffs and other trade barriers and leveraging China’s manufacturing capacity to reduce the risk of decoupling in bilateral trade.
文摘Objective:With the continuous changes in social production,the consumption th inking of the masses obviously cannot keep up with the speed of social developmen t,and insurance disputes are increasingly emerging.Among them,the shortcomings of personal injury claims are not prominent,and the theoretical knowledge is not co mplete.In order to improve the quality of professional talents and reduce claims dis putes,the feasibility of integrating forensic medicine into personal injury claims is ex plored.Methods:The professional attributes,subject attributes,knowledge system an d employment data of forensic medicine are analyzed and compared with the actual work of personal injury claims.Main results:Forensic medicine has its uniqueness i n on-site investigation,injury-disease relationship analysis,and resolution of doubts.I t is irreplaceable by other subjects.The subject attributes are consistent with the pe rsonal injury claims major,and personal injury claims itself has basic medical courses,so it is easier to accept forensic medicine.Conclusion:Under the current social bac kground,through the study of the forensic medicine system in the personal injury cl aims major,it has positive practical significance for its professional construction and talent training.
文摘The research examines the way in which members of the U.S. House of Representative represent themselves on the social network site Facebook. Each member’s activity is observed on seven different occasions and the frequency and substantive character of posts made during the second half of 2013 are established. The focus is on position-taking posts versus posts which mention the district the member serves in. Our expectation is that members from electorally safe districts will be more likely to advertise their policy positions while members from marginal districts will be more inclined to advertise their district connections. We control for minority party status, gender, and ideological extremism among other concerns and learn electoral safety is a good predictor of both “position-taking” and “district mentions”. Consistent with an electoral motive, we also find members from the minority party less likely to take positions on the issues of the day and more likely to mention the district they serve in.
文摘Based on the context theory within the framework of the metafunction,the paper analyses the English claim letters in terms of field,tenor and mode.The result of the paper shows the features of the claim letters which will help the English claim letter writing.
文摘Unit 9 The BrainLanguage Points:1.complex:adj./n.复杂的,难懂的;综合体,体系。例:(1)What the professor said was too complexfor me to understand.教授说的太复杂了,我不理解。(2)Shenyang is an industrial complex.沈阳是一个工业中心。2.complicated:adj.复杂的。例:
文摘AIM To estimate the risk of end-stage renal disease(ESRD)in patients with inflammatory bowel disease(IBD).METHODS From January 2010 to December 2013, patients with Crohn's disease(CD) and ulcerative colitis(UC) were identified, based on both the International Classification of Diseases, 10 th revision(ICD-10) and the rare,intractable disease registration program codes from the National Health Insurance(NHI) database in South Korea. We compared 38812 patients with IBD to ageand sex-matched non-IBD controls with a ratio of 1:3.Patients newly diagnosed with ESRD were identified with the ICD-10 code.RESULTS During a mean follow-up of 4.9 years, ESRD was detected in 79(0.2%) patients with IBD and 166(0.1%)controls. The incidence of ESRD in patients with IBD was0.42 per 1000 person-years. Patients with IBD had a significantly higher risk of ESRD than controls [adjusted hazard ratio(HR) = 3.03; 95% confidence interval(CI):1.77-5.20; P < 0.001]. The incidences(per 1000 personyears)of ESRD were 0.51 in patients with CD and 0.13 in controls, respectively(adjusted HR = 6.33; 95%CI:2.75-14.56; P < 0.001). In contrast, the incidence of ESRD was similar between the UC and control groups(0.37 vs 0.37 per 1000 person-years; adjusted HR = 2.01;95%CI: 0.90-4.51; P = 0.089).CONCLUSION The risk of ESRD was elevated in patients with CD, but not UC. Patients with CD should be monitored carefully for signs of renal insufficiency.
基金This work was supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (10071058, 70273029) the Ministry of Education of China.
文摘This article considers a risk model as in Yuen et al. （2002）. Under this model the two claim number processes are correlated. Claim occurrence of both classes relate to Poisson and Erlang processes. The formulae is derived for the distribution of the surplus immediately before ruin, for the distribution of the surplus immediately after ruin and the joint distribution of the surplus immediately before and after ruin. The asymptotic property of these ruin functions is also investigated.
文摘BACKGROUND There is a growing evidence regarding an increased risk of inflammatory bowel disease(IBD)among patients with airway diseases.AIM To investigate the influence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD)on the risk of IBD.METHODS A nationwide,population-based study was conducted using data from the National Health Insurance Service database.A total of 1303021 patients with COPD and 6515105 non-COPD controls were identified.The COPD group was divided into the severe and the mild COPD group according to diagnostic criteria.The risk of IBD in patients with COPD compared to controls was analyzed by Cox proportional hazard regression models.The cumulative incidences of IBD were compared between the groups.RESULTS The COPD group had higher incidences of IBD compared to non-COPD controls(incidence rate,9.98 vs 7.18 per 100000 person-years,P<0.001).The risk of IBD in the COPD group was increased by 1.38(adjusted hazard ratio(HR);95%CI:1.25-1.52).The incidence rate of IBD was higher in the severe COPD group than in the mild COPD group(12.39 vs 9.77 per 100000 person-year,P<0.001).The severity of COPD was associated with an increased risk of IBD(adjusted HR 1.70 in severe COPD,95%CI:1.27-2.21 and adjusted HR 1.35 in mild COPD,95%CI:1.22-1.49)CONCLUSION The incidences of IBD were significantly increased in COPD patients in South Korea and the risk of developing IBD also increased as the severity of COPD increased.
基金supported by the NSFC(11171101)Doctoral Fund of Education Ministry of China(20104306110001)the Graduate Research and Innovation Fund of Hunan Province(CX2011B197)
文摘In this paper, a compound binomial model with a constant dividend barrier and random income is considered. Two types of individual claims, main claims and by-claims, are defined, where every by-claim is induced by the main claim and may be delayed for one time period with a certain probability. The premium income is assumed to another binomial process to capture the uncertainty of the customer＇s arrivals and payments. A system of difference equations with certain boundary conditions for the expected present value of total dividend payments prior to ruin is derived and solved. Explicit results are obtained when the claim sizes are Kn distributed or the claim size distributions have finite support. Numerical results are also provided to illustrate the impact of the delay of by-claims on the expected present value of dividends.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 30930102, 81473033)the National Key R&D Program of China (No. 2016YFC0901404)+2 种基金the Digestive Medical Coordinated Development Center of Beijing Hospitals Authority (No. XXZ0204)the Science Foundation of Peking University Cancer Hospital (No. 2017-4)the Open Project funded by the Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research, Ministry of Education/Beijing (No. 2017-10)
文摘Objective: To evaluate the accuracy of identifying cancer patients by use of medical claims data in a health insurance system in China, and provide the basis for establishing the claims-based cancer surveillance system in China.Methods: We chose Hua County, Henan Province as the study site, and randomly selected 300 and 1,200 qualified inpatient electronic medical records(EMRs) as well as the New Rural Cooperative Medical Scheme(NCMS) claims records for cancer patients in Hua County People’s Hospital(HCPH) and Anyang Cancer Hospital(ACH) in 2017. Diagnostic information for NCMS claims was evaluated on an individual level, and sensitivity and positive predictive value(PPV) were calculated taking the EMRs as the gold standard.Results: The sensitivity of NCMS was 95.2%(93.8%-96.3%) and 92.0%(88.3%-94.8%) in ACH and HCPH,respectively. The PPV of the NCMS was 97.8%(96.7%-98.5%) in ACH and 89.0%(84.9%-92.3%) in HCPH.Overall, the weighted and combined sensitivity and PPV of NCMS in Hua County was 93.1% and 92.1%,respectively. Significantly higher sensitivity and PPV in identifying patients with common cancers than noncommon cancers were detected in HCPH and ACH separately(P<0.01).Conclusions: Identification of cancer patients by use of the NCMS is accurate on individual level, and it is therefore feasible to conduct claims-based cancer surveillance in areas not covered by cancer registries in China.
