Exosomal circular RNA(circRNAs)are pivotal in cancer biology,and tumor pathophysiology.These stable,non-coding RNAs encapsulated in exosomes participated in cancer progression,tumor growth,metastasis,drug sensitivity ...Exosomal circular RNA(circRNAs)are pivotal in cancer biology,and tumor pathophysiology.These stable,non-coding RNAs encapsulated in exosomes participated in cancer progression,tumor growth,metastasis,drug sensitivity and the tumor microenvironment(TME).Their presence in bodily fluids positions them as potential non-invasive biomarkers,revealing the molecular dynamics of cancers.Research in exosomal circRNAs is reshaping our understanding of neoplastic intercellular communication.Exploiting the natural properties of exosomes for targeted drug delivery and disrupting circRNA-mediated pro-tumorigenic signaling can develop new treatment modalities.Therefore,ongoing exploration of exosomal circRNAs in cancer research is poised to revolutionize clinical management of cancer.This emerging field offers hope for significant breakthroughs in cancer care.This review underscores the critical role of exosomal circRNAs in cancer biology and drug resistance,highlighting their potential as non-invasive biomarkers and therapeutic targets that could transform the clinical management of cancer.展开更多
Circular RNAs(circRNAs)are a type of non coding RNA that possess unique single stranded circular structures formed through reverse splicing mechanisms.Due to the lack of a free end that is typically susceptible to deg...Circular RNAs(circRNAs)are a type of non coding RNA that possess unique single stranded circular structures formed through reverse splicing mechanisms.Due to the lack of a free end that is typically susceptible to degradation by nucleases,circular RNAs exhibit resistance to ribonuclease R,making them highly stable in eukaryotic cells.The complex relationship between circRNA dysregulation and various pathophysiological conditions,especially cancer.Tumor microenvironment(TME)is a collective term for various components surrounding tumors and is an important factor affecting tumor development.Simultaneous infiltration of TME by different types of immune cells;These immune cells interact with the TME,collectively forming the so-called“tumor immune microenvironment”.The complex interactions between tumor cells and TME profoundly affect the behavior of malignant tumors,and circRNAs derived from tumor cells and TME cell components have become important mediators of immune response and evasion within the TME.CircRNAs can directly or indirectly regulate immune cells,thereby modulating anti-tumor immunity.This review highlights how circRNAs,especially those encapsulated in extracellular vesicles like exosomes,influence the differentiation,chemotaxis,and anti-tumor immune functions of immune cells within the TME.Metabolic reprogramming plays an important role in this process.The process of circRNAs regulating tumor immunity is affected by multiple factors,such as hypoxia and viral infection.This review emphasizes the roles of the interaction between circRNAs and the TME in tumor immune regulation and prospects the guiding significance of circRNAs in tumor immune checkpoint therapy.展开更多
肺癌是全球癌症死亡的主要原因之一,具有极高的发病率及死亡率,严重威胁了人类的生命健康安全[1]。目前肺癌的治疗方法主要有手术、放化疗、靶向及免疫治疗,随着精准医疗的兴盛,一定程度改善了肺癌患者的生活质量,但癌症复发和药物耐药...肺癌是全球癌症死亡的主要原因之一,具有极高的发病率及死亡率,严重威胁了人类的生命健康安全[1]。目前肺癌的治疗方法主要有手术、放化疗、靶向及免疫治疗,随着精准医疗的兴盛,一定程度改善了肺癌患者的生活质量,但癌症复发和药物耐药性仍是肺癌死亡率高的原因,其预后不尽如意[2]。环状RNA(CircRNAs)是具有保守、稳定性的一类非编码单链RNA分子[3]。大量的研究表明,CircRNAs在高迁移率族蛋白(high mobility group protein,HMG)家族成员中调节不同的信号通路,在肺癌等多种疾病中发挥关键作用。CircRNAs异常高或低表达可激活或抑制HMG蛋白分子,调节不同生物学过程[4]。随着下一代基因测序技术(next-generation sequencing,NGS)的探索,CircRNAs成为RNA领域肿瘤抑制靶点的研究新热点,为生物医药领域开拓了全新思路,然而其在肺癌中的病理生理机制尚未系统阐明。本文通过总结HMG蛋白家族成员相关CircRNAs在肺癌中的分子作用机制的研究进展,有助于为以CircRNAs为基础的作用靶点及新型抗癌药物的研发提供指导思路,提出潜在有效的治疗策略。展开更多
Hepatocellular carcinoma is prone to invasion and metastasis.It often receives a low diagnosis rate in the early stage but has an extremely high mortality rate.Epithelial-mesenchymal transformation(EMT)is a key factor...Hepatocellular carcinoma is prone to invasion and metastasis.It often receives a low diagnosis rate in the early stage but has an extremely high mortality rate.Epithelial-mesenchymal transformation(EMT)is a key factor in promoting tumor cell invasion and metastasis.Circular RNA(circRNA)is involved in regulating EMT in hepatocarcinoma cells through multiple pathways,thereby affecting the occurrence and progression of hepatocellular carcinoma.This article mainly reviews the research progress of circRNA related to EMT core transcription factors,circRNA that promotes EMT in liver cancer,and circRNA that inhibits EMT in liver cancer.展开更多
阿尔茨海默病(Alzheimer s disease,AD)是一种进行性神经退行性疾病,以认知障碍、记忆丧失和功能下降为特征。阿尔茨海默病的病理特征包括β-淀粉样斑块和tau蛋白缠结,这些病理改变最终引起大脑特定区域的退化,包括海马体、内嗅皮层和...阿尔茨海默病(Alzheimer s disease,AD)是一种进行性神经退行性疾病,以认知障碍、记忆丧失和功能下降为特征。阿尔茨海默病的病理特征包括β-淀粉样斑块和tau蛋白缠结,这些病理改变最终引起大脑特定区域的退化,包括海马体、内嗅皮层和新皮层,从而导致阿尔茨海默病的特征性临床症状。阿尔茨海默病病理的确切机制仍不完全清楚,尽管学者们对阿尔茨海默病进行了广泛的研究,但仍然没有有效的治疗方法可以减缓或阻止疾病的进展。因此,迫切需要开发新的针对阿尔茨海默病潜在病理生理学治疗策略。环状RNA(Circular RNAs,circRNAs)是一类非编码RNA,在各种生物过程中发挥着重要作用,它们的调节异常与包括阿尔茨海默病在内的多种疾病的发病机制有关。本综述将阐述阿尔茨海默病患者中环状RNA的失调、失调的机制、环状RNA在阿尔茨海默病疾病进展中的潜在作用和诊断、治疗的意义以及未来的研究方向。展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.:81702242).
文摘Exosomal circular RNA(circRNAs)are pivotal in cancer biology,and tumor pathophysiology.These stable,non-coding RNAs encapsulated in exosomes participated in cancer progression,tumor growth,metastasis,drug sensitivity and the tumor microenvironment(TME).Their presence in bodily fluids positions them as potential non-invasive biomarkers,revealing the molecular dynamics of cancers.Research in exosomal circRNAs is reshaping our understanding of neoplastic intercellular communication.Exploiting the natural properties of exosomes for targeted drug delivery and disrupting circRNA-mediated pro-tumorigenic signaling can develop new treatment modalities.Therefore,ongoing exploration of exosomal circRNAs in cancer research is poised to revolutionize clinical management of cancer.This emerging field offers hope for significant breakthroughs in cancer care.This review underscores the critical role of exosomal circRNAs in cancer biology and drug resistance,highlighting their potential as non-invasive biomarkers and therapeutic targets that could transform the clinical management of cancer.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(82103298)Basic Research Project of Science and Technology Cooperation in Qiandongnan Prefecture(No.2023-16).
文摘Circular RNAs(circRNAs)are a type of non coding RNA that possess unique single stranded circular structures formed through reverse splicing mechanisms.Due to the lack of a free end that is typically susceptible to degradation by nucleases,circular RNAs exhibit resistance to ribonuclease R,making them highly stable in eukaryotic cells.The complex relationship between circRNA dysregulation and various pathophysiological conditions,especially cancer.Tumor microenvironment(TME)is a collective term for various components surrounding tumors and is an important factor affecting tumor development.Simultaneous infiltration of TME by different types of immune cells;These immune cells interact with the TME,collectively forming the so-called“tumor immune microenvironment”.The complex interactions between tumor cells and TME profoundly affect the behavior of malignant tumors,and circRNAs derived from tumor cells and TME cell components have become important mediators of immune response and evasion within the TME.CircRNAs can directly or indirectly regulate immune cells,thereby modulating anti-tumor immunity.This review highlights how circRNAs,especially those encapsulated in extracellular vesicles like exosomes,influence the differentiation,chemotaxis,and anti-tumor immune functions of immune cells within the TME.Metabolic reprogramming plays an important role in this process.The process of circRNAs regulating tumor immunity is affected by multiple factors,such as hypoxia and viral infection.This review emphasizes the roles of the interaction between circRNAs and the TME in tumor immune regulation and prospects the guiding significance of circRNAs in tumor immune checkpoint therapy.
文摘肺癌是全球癌症死亡的主要原因之一,具有极高的发病率及死亡率,严重威胁了人类的生命健康安全[1]。目前肺癌的治疗方法主要有手术、放化疗、靶向及免疫治疗,随着精准医疗的兴盛,一定程度改善了肺癌患者的生活质量,但癌症复发和药物耐药性仍是肺癌死亡率高的原因,其预后不尽如意[2]。环状RNA(CircRNAs)是具有保守、稳定性的一类非编码单链RNA分子[3]。大量的研究表明,CircRNAs在高迁移率族蛋白(high mobility group protein,HMG)家族成员中调节不同的信号通路,在肺癌等多种疾病中发挥关键作用。CircRNAs异常高或低表达可激活或抑制HMG蛋白分子,调节不同生物学过程[4]。随着下一代基因测序技术(next-generation sequencing,NGS)的探索,CircRNAs成为RNA领域肿瘤抑制靶点的研究新热点,为生物医药领域开拓了全新思路,然而其在肺癌中的病理生理机制尚未系统阐明。本文通过总结HMG蛋白家族成员相关CircRNAs在肺癌中的分子作用机制的研究进展,有助于为以CircRNAs为基础的作用靶点及新型抗癌药物的研发提供指导思路,提出潜在有效的治疗策略。
基金Medical Research Project of Xi’an Science and Technology Bureau(Project No.22YXYJ0134)。
文摘Hepatocellular carcinoma is prone to invasion and metastasis.It often receives a low diagnosis rate in the early stage but has an extremely high mortality rate.Epithelial-mesenchymal transformation(EMT)is a key factor in promoting tumor cell invasion and metastasis.Circular RNA(circRNA)is involved in regulating EMT in hepatocarcinoma cells through multiple pathways,thereby affecting the occurrence and progression of hepatocellular carcinoma.This article mainly reviews the research progress of circRNA related to EMT core transcription factors,circRNA that promotes EMT in liver cancer,and circRNA that inhibits EMT in liver cancer.
文摘阿尔茨海默病(Alzheimer s disease,AD)是一种进行性神经退行性疾病,以认知障碍、记忆丧失和功能下降为特征。阿尔茨海默病的病理特征包括β-淀粉样斑块和tau蛋白缠结,这些病理改变最终引起大脑特定区域的退化,包括海马体、内嗅皮层和新皮层,从而导致阿尔茨海默病的特征性临床症状。阿尔茨海默病病理的确切机制仍不完全清楚,尽管学者们对阿尔茨海默病进行了广泛的研究,但仍然没有有效的治疗方法可以减缓或阻止疾病的进展。因此,迫切需要开发新的针对阿尔茨海默病潜在病理生理学治疗策略。环状RNA(Circular RNAs,circRNAs)是一类非编码RNA,在各种生物过程中发挥着重要作用,它们的调节异常与包括阿尔茨海默病在内的多种疾病的发病机制有关。本综述将阐述阿尔茨海默病患者中环状RNA的失调、失调的机制、环状RNA在阿尔茨海默病疾病进展中的潜在作用和诊断、治疗的意义以及未来的研究方向。
