This paper proposes a novel chronically evaluated highest instantaneous priority next processor scheduling algorithm. The currently existing algorithms like first come first serve, shortest job first, round-robin, sho...This paper proposes a novel chronically evaluated highest instantaneous priority next processor scheduling algorithm. The currently existing algorithms like first come first serve, shortest job first, round-robin, shortest remaining time first, highest response ratio next and varying response ratio priority algorithm have some problems associated with them. Some of them can lead to endless waiting or starvation and some of them like round-robin has problem of too many context switches and high waiting time associated with them. In the proposed algorithm, we have taken care of all such problems. As the novel algorithm is capable of achieving as good results as shortest remaining time first algorithm and also it will never lead to starvation.展开更多
Serenity is an emotional experience that contributes to the acceptance of a situation. One phenomenon in the care of chronically ill older patients and patients in end of life care is that too much focus is placed on ...Serenity is an emotional experience that contributes to the acceptance of a situation. One phenomenon in the care of chronically ill older patients and patients in end of life care is that too much focus is placed on the patient’s disease. This can contribute to anxiety, sadness or sense of isolation. For older people that are chronically ill or in care at the end of life, it is important that the registered nurse can help them to find serenity. Further knowledge is needed about how the concept of serenity is used in relation to the care of older chronically ill patients. Aim: The purpose of this concept analysis was to clarify how serenity is used in nursing and in relation to the care of chronically ill older patients. Method: The study follows Rodgers’ evolutionary method of concept analysis. Findings: Serenity is a state of physical, mental, emotional and spiritual balance when life conditions can be managed or accepted. Through the experience of serenity the chronically ill older patient is able to find or develop the self in order to continue with dignity. The concept is most used at the lowest described levels of the self, including a perception of personal safety. The highest level involves a sense of wholeness and awareness. Conclusion: The concept of serenity is used in relation to chronically ill older patients as a condition where the patient finds balance and thus can manage or accept their situation. Chronically ill older patients will not recover. For that reason it needed a better understanding about what factors to experience serenity are needed. Further research is also needed to examine how registered nurses can support older chronically patients in finding serenity with the help of nursing interventions.展开更多
Background: Despite worsening health the chronically ill oldest older persons have expressed feelings of inner strength, which can be understood as resilience. The objective was to describe and compare the characteris...Background: Despite worsening health the chronically ill oldest older persons have expressed feelings of inner strength, which can be understood as resilience. The objective was to describe and compare the characteristics of resilience in two different age groups of chronically ill oldest older persons living at home and who needed help from home nursing care. Design: Cross-sectional design was used to describe and compare the resilience qualities between the two age groups. Methods: The inclusion criteria were 80 years or older, living at home with chronic disease, receiving help from home nursing care, and with the capacity to be interviewed. A sample of 120 oldest older women (n = 79) and men (n = 41) separated in two age groups, aged 80- 89 and 90+ years, participated in the study. Resilience characteristics were measured by Resilience Scale. Results: The whole group of oldest older people was vulnerable in relation to the characteristics of perseverance, self-reliance, and existential aloneness. Despite reduced physical health they reported a meaningful life, and equanimity. Even if there were no significant differences between the age groups among the oldest older persons in the characteristics of Resilience Scale (RS), in the characteristic of meaning there was a tendency of interaction between age and how much help from home nursing care the participants received. Conclusions: It is important to focus on the individual aging and the risk of developing illness and disabilities rather than focusing on chronologic age. Possessing meaning in life and equanimity may be strengths to meet challenges through illness and growing older.展开更多
AIM:To investigate the effect of Simotang(Decoction of Four Powered Drugs) on gastrointestinal motility,motilin and cholecystokinin expression in chronically stressed mice.METHODS:Forty mice were randomly divided into...AIM:To investigate the effect of Simotang(Decoction of Four Powered Drugs) on gastrointestinal motility,motilin and cholecystokinin expression in chronically stressed mice.METHODS:Forty mice were randomly divided into control group,stress group(model group),mosapride group and Simotang group,10 in each group.A variety of unpredictable stimulations were used to induce chronic stress in mice.Then,the mice were treated with distilled water,mosapride or Simotang for 7 d.Gastric emptying and intestinal propulsion function were detected.Serum level of motilin was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.Expression of cholecystokinin(CCK) in intestine,spinal cord and brain of mice was detected by immunohistochemistry and semi-quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction,respectively.RESULTS:Simotang improved the gastric emptying and intestinal propulsion in chronically stressed mice.Furthermore,the serum motilin level was significantly higher and the expression levels of CCK-positive cells and genes were significantly lower in intestine,spinal cord and brain of Simotang group than in those of model group(P<0.05).No significant difference was found in serum motilin level and expression levels of CCK-positive cells and genes between the mosapride and Simotang groups.CONCLUSION:Simotang enhances the gastrointestinal motility in chronically stressed mice by regulating the serum motilin level and the expression of cholecystokinin.展开更多
Aim： To assess the effect of estradiol-17β （E2） and bisphenol A （BPA） administered chronically by implanting a silicone tube throughout pregnancy and lactation on male pups＇ reproductive system in ICR mice. Met...Aim： To assess the effect of estradiol-17β （E2） and bisphenol A （BPA） administered chronically by implanting a silicone tube throughout pregnancy and lactation on male pups＇ reproductive system in ICR mice. Methods： Female mice were implanted with a tube filled with 10 ng, 500 ng, 1 μg, or 10 μg of E2, or 100 μg or 5 mg of BPA, before mating. The tube was kept in the mice throughout pregnancy and lactation, until the pups had weaned at 4 weeks of age. During the period, E2 was released from the tube at 120 pg or 6, 12 or 120 ng/day, and BPA at 1.2 or 60 μg/day. Results： Most of the mice given 1 μg and 10 lag of E2 did not maintain their pregnancy. However, the other groups showed high rates of birth, more than 70%. At age of 4 weeks, the male pups were killed. Body weight and reproductive organ weights （testes, epididymides and accessory reproductive glands） in the treated groups did not differ from the control values, whereas the percentage of seminiferous tubules in the testis with mature spermatids was significantly lower in the groups given 10 ng and 500 ng of E2 and 5 mg of BPA than that in the control. Conclusion： Chronic exposure to E2 and BPA might disrupt spermatogenesis in male pups. （Asian JAndrol 2008 Mar; 10： 271-276）展开更多
AIM:To evaluate the effect of chronic mild stress(CMS) on the emergence of gastric ulcers and possible modulation by octreotide,a synthetic somatostatin analogue. METHODS:Adult male Wistar rats were subjected to nine ...AIM:To evaluate the effect of chronic mild stress(CMS) on the emergence of gastric ulcers and possible modulation by octreotide,a synthetic somatostatin analogue. METHODS:Adult male Wistar rats were subjected to nine different unpredictable random stress procedures for 21 d,a multifactorial interactional animal model for CMS.Octreotide was administered daily for 21 d at two dose levels(50 and 90μg/kg)before exposure to stress procedure.Macro-and microscopical assessments were made,in addition to quantification of plasma corticosterone and gastric mucosal inflammatory,oxidative stress, and apoptotic biomarkers. RESULTS:Exposure to CMS elevated plasma corticosterone(28.3±0.6μg/dL,P=0.002),an event that was accompanied by gastric lesions(6.4±0.16 mm,P=0.01) and confirmed histopathologically.Moreover,the insult elevated gastric mucosal lipid peroxides(13±0.5 nmol/g tissue,P=0.001),tumor necrosis factor-α(3008.6±78.18 pg/g tissue,P<0.001),prostaglandin E2(117.1 ±4.31 pg/g tissue,P=0.002),and caspase-3 activity (2.4±0.14 OD/mg protein,P=0.002).Conversely,CMS mitigated interleukin-10(627.9±12.82 pg/g tissue,P= 0.001).Furthermore,in animals exposed to CMS,octreotide restored plasma corticosterone(61%and 71%from CMS,P=0.002)at both dose levels.These beneficial effects were associated with a remarkable suppression of gastric lesions(38%and 9%from CMS,P=0.01)and reversal of derangements in gastric mucosa. CONCLUSION:The current investigation provides evidence that exposure to CMS induces gastric ulceration, which was alleviated by administration of octreotide possibly possessing antioxidant,anti-inflammatory,and anti-apoptotic actions.展开更多
AIM To investigate the impact of IL28 B and OAS gene polymorphisms on interferon treatment responses in children with chronic hepatitis B.METHODS We enrolled 52 children(between the ages of 4 and 18) with hepatitis B ...AIM To investigate the impact of IL28 B and OAS gene polymorphisms on interferon treatment responses in children with chronic hepatitis B.METHODS We enrolled 52 children(between the ages of 4 and 18) with hepatitis B e antigen-negative chronic hepatitis B(CHB), who were treated with pegylated interferon alfa for 48 wk. Single nucleotide polymorphisms in the OAS1(rs1131476), OAS2(rs1293747),OAS3(rs2072136), OASL(rs10849829) and IL28B(rs12979860, rs12980275 and rs8099917) genes were studied to examine their associations with responses to IFN treatment in paediatric patients. We adopted two criteria for the therapeutic response, achieving an hepatitis B virus(HBV) DNA level < 2000 IU/m L and normalization of ALT activity(< 40 IU/L). To perform the analyses, we compared the patients in terms of achieving a partial response(PR) and a complete response(CR) upon measurement at the 24-wk posttreatment follow-up. RESULTS The PR and CR rates were 80.8% and 42.3%, respectively. Factors such as age, gender and liver histology had no impact on the type of response(partial or complete). A statistically significant relationship between higher baseline HBV DNA and ALT activity levels and lower rates of PR and CR was shown(P < 0.05). The allele association analysis revealed that only the IL-28 B rs12979860(C vs T) and IL28 B rs12980275(A vs G) markers significantly affected the achievement of PR(P = 0.021, OR = 3.3, 95%CI: 1.2-9.2 and P = 0.014, OR = 3.7, 95%CI: 1.3-10.1, respectively). However, in the genotype analysis, only IL-28 B rs12980275 was significantly associated with PR(AA vs AG-GG, P = 0.014, OR = 10.9, 95%CI: 1.3-93.9). The association analysis for CR showed that the TT genotype of IL28 B rs12979860 was present only in the no-CR group(P = 0.033) and the AA genotype of OASL rs10849829 was significantly more frequent in the noCR group(P = 0.044, OR = 0.26, 95%CI: 0.07-0.88). The haplotype analysis revealed significant associations between PR and CR and OAS haplotype(P = 0.0002 and P = 0.001, respectively), but no association with IL28 B haplotype was observed.CONCLUSION IL28 B and OAS polymorphisms are associated with different clinical outcomes in CHB children treated with interferon.展开更多
Objective: To validate a Greek version of the structured self-reported 8-item Morisky Medication Adherence Scale (MMAS-8) and determine its psychometric properties in patients with chronic illnesses. Methods: A cross-...Objective: To validate a Greek version of the structured self-reported 8-item Morisky Medication Adherence Scale (MMAS-8) and determine its psychometric properties in patients with chronic illnesses. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted in a small public hospital and a public health care centre, in a rural town in western Greece. The sample consisted of 100 patients with various chronic illnesses. Data were collected between January-May 2011, on the Greek version of the MMAS-8 and Beliefs about Medicines Questionnaire (BMQ). Results: Scale’s reliability analysis revealed an overall Cronbach’s alpha of 0.753 and the corrected item to total correlations, were greater than 0.30 for each of the 8 items comprising the medication adherence scale, showing good internal consistency. Convergent validity was supported by a significant correlation between the present scale’s total score and the BMQ-Specific Necessity score (Spearman’s rho = 0.492, p < 0.001). Conclusion: The current study showed acceptable reliability and validity of the Greek version of the 8-item MMAS to measure adherence to medications for various chronic illnesses. The validated Greek version of the MMAS-8 can help towards understanding adherence barriers in Greece so as to develop effective strategies to increase adherence and reduce the costs.展开更多
The object of this study is to investigate the effect of VIP on pulmonary artery of chronically hypoxic rats. It was shown that chronic hypoxia depressed significantly pulmonary artery relaxation induced by VIP as com...The object of this study is to investigate the effect of VIP on pulmonary artery of chronically hypoxic rats. It was shown that chronic hypoxia depressed significantly pulmonary artery relaxation induced by VIP as compared with those of control (P<0. 001). The vascular relaxation of both groups was correlated with concentration of VIP. In addition, the relaxant effect of VIP on pulmonary arteries in rats was endothelium─independent, and was not prevented by indomethacin or nordihydroguaiaretic acid, but was abolished completely by methylene blue. These results suggest that the lower relaxation of pulmonary artery in rats might not be due to the endothelial injury caused by chronic hypoxia, and chronic hypoxia may inhibit directly the soluble guanylate cyclase in vascular smooth muscle cells invloved in synthesis of cGMP and thus reduced the sensitivity and reactivity of pulmonary artery to VIP.展开更多
The author has treated almost 400 chronically depressed outpatients during his career. He has also participated as a Field Trial Coordinator in the Unipolar Field Trials of DSM-IV and consulted with the DSM-V Mood Dis...The author has treated almost 400 chronically depressed outpatients during his career. He has also participated as a Field Trial Coordinator in the Unipolar Field Trials of DSM-IV and consulted with the DSM-V Mood Disorders Workgroup concerning his research for the new diagnostic nomenclature for the chronic depressions, Chronic Depression Disorder. In addition, he has served as Principal Investigator in several large clinical trials involving 2200 chronically depressed outpatients. The current paper is a Brief Report describing his negative reactions to the way 40 of his chronically depressed patients have been treated today by both Psychologists and Psychiatrists. All the patients are his patients and have been seen by him in psychotherapy over the past decade. Several reasons are proposed for the inadequate treatment and specific proposals are made for the improvement of treatment for the early-onset chronically depressed patient.展开更多
Intervention in chronically activated microglia-mediated neuroinflammation is a novel approach to treat Alzheimer's disease(AD).The low permeability of the blood-brain barrier(BBB)and non-selective distribution in...Intervention in chronically activated microglia-mediated neuroinflammation is a novel approach to treat Alzheimer's disease(AD).The low permeability of the blood-brain barrier(BBB)and non-selective distribution in the brain severely restrict AD drugs'disease-modifying efficacy.Here,an immunosuppressant TREM2-lowing antisense oligonucleotides(ASOs)and resveratrol co-loaded cationic liposome is developed as an immune reprogramming nanomodulator modified by acid-cleavable BBB-targeting peptide and microglia-targeting peptide(Res@TcMNP/ASO)for AD management.Res@TcMNP/ASO can enter brain endothelial cells via D-T7 peptides.Then D-T7 undergoes an acid-responsive cleavage,facilitating the escape of Res@MNP/ASO from endo/lysosomes to cross the BBB.The detached Res@MNP/ASO specifically targets M1-phenotype microglia via exposed MG1 peptides to prompt the simultaneous delivery of two drugs into activated microglia.This nanomodulator can not only restore the immune function of microglia through TREM2-lowing ASO but also mitigate the immune stimulation to microglia caused by reactive oxygen species(ROS)through resveratrol,thereby synergistically inhibiting the chronic activation of microglia to alleviate neuroinflammation in AD.Our results indicate that this combination treatment can achieve significant behavioral and cognitive improvements in late APP/PS1 mice.展开更多
Knee osteoarthritis(KOA)represents one of the most common causes of chronic pain.The high prevalence and disability rates of KOA impose a severe burden on both individuals and society.In contrast to cutaneous pain,KOA...Knee osteoarthritis(KOA)represents one of the most common causes of chronic pain.The high prevalence and disability rates of KOA impose a severe burden on both individuals and society.In contrast to cutaneous pain,KOA-induced joint pain is characterized as a deep tissue pain that potentially involves distinct subgroups of peripheral sensory neurons and central processing mechanisms.Furthermore,KOA pain is closely related to locomotion activity.Impaired sensorimotor integration and pain mutually reinforce each other in KOA,forming a vicious cycle that exacerbates disease progression.In this review,we highlight the key differences between KOA pain and cutaneous pain,and the latter has been extensively studied in the pain field.We hope to offer new insights into the central mechanisms and development of new treatment strategies for KOA based on the interactions between impaired sensorimotor integration and chronic joint pain.展开更多
Chronic migraine(CM)is a prevalent and highly debilitating neurological disorder.Functional magnetic resonance imaging(fMRI)studies have demonstrated associations between abnormal brain region activation and CM,yet th...Chronic migraine(CM)is a prevalent and highly debilitating neurological disorder.Functional magnetic resonance imaging(fMRI)studies have demonstrated associations between abnormal brain region activation and CM,yet the underlying complex neural circuitry mechanisms remain unclear.The spinal trigeminal nucleus caudalis(Sp5C)serves as the primary central hub for orofacial nociceptive input,receiving trigeminal pain signals and projecting to higher-order centers such as the thalamus.Therefore,we sought to investigate whether the Sp5C region and its associated circuits were involved in CM pathogenesis.In this study,we established a CM mouse model through repeated intraperitoneal injections of nitroglycerin(NTG).Using a combination of in vivo fiber photometry and in vitro c-Fos immunohistochemistry,we found a marked periorbital and plantar mechanical allodynia in CM mice,accompanied by increased glutamatergic neuronal activity in Sp5C.Chemogenetic manipulation of Sp5C glutamatergic neurons(Sp5CV^(glut2))bidirectionally modulated migraine-like behaviors and induced pain-related affective states,as evidenced by conditioned place preference/aversion(CPP/CPA)paradigms.Anterograde viral tracing revealed dense projections from Sp5C^(Vglut2)to the subthalamic nucleus(STN),which was activated in CM mice.Optogenetic activation of the Sp5C-STN pathway similarly produced migraine-like behaviors and pain-related aversive memory in mice.Altogether,we revealed a critical role of the Sp5CVglut2-STN circuit in the development and modulation of CM.Our findings provide novel mechanistic insights into the central mechanisms underlying CM,establishing potential theoretical foundations for clinical diagnosis and therapeutic development.展开更多
Growth factor gene transfer-induced therapeutic angiogenesis has become a novel approach for the treatment of myocardial ischemia. In order to provide a basis for the clinical application of an adeno- virus with hepat...Growth factor gene transfer-induced therapeutic angiogenesis has become a novel approach for the treatment of myocardial ischemia. In order to provide a basis for the clinical application of an adeno- virus with hepatocyte growth factor gene (Ad-HGF) in the treatment of myocardial ischemia, we estab- lished a minipig model of chronically ischemic myocardium in which an Ameroid constrictor was placed around the left circumflex branch of the coronary artery (LCX). A total of 18 minipigs were ran- domly divided into 3 groups: a surgery control group, a model group and an Ad-HGF treatment group implanted with Ameroid constrictor. Ad-HGF or the control agent was injected directly into the ischemic myocardium, and an improvement in heart function and blood supply were evaluated. The results showed that myocardial perfusion remarkably improved in the Ad-HGF group compared with that in both the control and model groups. Four weeks after the treatment, the density of newly formed blood vessels was higher and the number of collateral blood vessels was greater in the Ad-HGF group than in the model group. The area of myocardial ischemia reduced evidently and the left ventricular ejection fraction improved significantly in the Ad-HGF group. These results suggest that HGF gene therapy may become a novel approach in the treatment of chronically ischemic myocardium.展开更多
Downregulation of the inwardly rectifying potassium channel Kir4.1 is a key step for inducing retinal Müller cell activation and interaction with other glial cells,which is involved in retinal ganglion cell apopt...Downregulation of the inwardly rectifying potassium channel Kir4.1 is a key step for inducing retinal Müller cell activation and interaction with other glial cells,which is involved in retinal ganglion cell apoptosis in glaucoma.Modulation of Kir4.1 expression in Müller cells may therefore be a potential strategy for attenuating retinal ganglion cell damage in glaucoma.In this study,we identified seven predicted phosphorylation sites in Kir4.1 and constructed lentiviral expression systems expressing Kir4.1 mutated at each site to prevent phosphorylation.Following this,we treated Müller glial cells in vitro and in vivo with the m Glu R I agonist DHPG to induce Kir4.1 or Kir4.1 Tyr^(9)Asp overexpression.We found that both Kir4.1 and Kir4.1 Tyr^(9)Asp overexpression inhibited activation of Müller glial cells.Subsequently,we established a rat model of chronic ocular hypertension by injecting microbeads into the anterior chamber and overexpressed Kir4.1 or Kir4.1 Tyr^(9)Asp in the eye,and observed similar results in Müller cells in vivo as those seen in vitro.Both Kir4.1 and Kir4.1 Tyr^(9)Asp overexpression inhibited Müller cell activation,regulated the balance of Bax/Bcl-2,and reduced the m RNA and protein levels of pro-inflammatory factors,including interleukin-1βand tumor necrosis factor-α.Furthermore,we investigated the regulatory effects of Kir4.1 and Kir4.1 Tyr^(9)Asp overexpression on the release of pro-inflammatory factors in a co-culture system of Müller glial cells and microglia.In this co-culture system,we observed elevated adenosine triphosphate concentrations in activated Müller cells,increased levels of translocator protein(a marker of microglial activation),and elevated interleukin-1βm RNA and protein levels in microglia induced by activated Müller cells.These changes could be reversed by Kir4.1 and Kir4.1 Tyr^(9)Asp overexpression in Müller cells.Kir4.1 overexpression,but not Kir4.1 Tyr^(9)Asp overexpression,reduced the number of proliferative and migratory microglia induced by activated Müller cells.Collectively,these results suggest that the tyrosine residue at position nine in Kir4.1 may serve as a functional modulation site in the retina in an experimental model of glaucoma.Kir4.1 and Kir4.1 Tyr^(9)Asp overexpression attenuated Müller cell activation,reduced ATP/P2X receptor–mediated interactions between glial cells,inhibited microglial activation,and decreased the synthesis and release of pro-inflammatory factors,consequently ameliorating retinal ganglion cell apoptosis in glaucoma.展开更多
At Beijing Tongren Hospital,an AI-powered retinal screening system can screen for 10 chronic illnesses from just two photos in two minutes.Using one fundus image from each eye,it scans for early signs of diabetic reti...At Beijing Tongren Hospital,an AI-powered retinal screening system can screen for 10 chronic illnesses from just two photos in two minutes.Using one fundus image from each eye,it scans for early signs of diabetic retinopathy,hypertension,atherosclerosis and other conditions,with a reported accuracy of about 90 percent.展开更多
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD),a disease responsible for early mortality worldwide,is well accepted to be associated with periodontitis epidemiologically.Although both of the diseases are the multi-microb...Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD),a disease responsible for early mortality worldwide,is well accepted to be associated with periodontitis epidemiologically.Although both of the diseases are the multi-microbial inflammatory disease,the precise underlying mechanisms by which periodontitis influences the progression of COPD remains largely unknown.Here,we established COPD accompanied with periodontitis mouse models and observed the pronounced progress in pulmonary symptoms and histopathology,cha racterized by poorer respiratory function,thicke ned bronchial walls,and increased neutrophils infiltration in lung tissue.Mechanistically,periodontitis pathogen Porphyromonas gingivalis(P.gingivalis)relocated in the lung through the respiratory tract and LPS from P.gingivalis promoted the secretion of chemokines CXCL2 and G-CSF of alveolar epithelial cells through NF-κB and p38 MAPK pathways to recruit neutrophils.Furthermore,exposure to P.gingivalis of infiltrated neutrophils released matrix metallopeptidase-8(MMP-8)and neutrophil elastase(NE),which aggravated airway inflammation and tissue damage.These findings indicated that periodontitis could exacerbate COPD via its pathogen P.gingivalis,which translocated in the lung and stimulated neutrophil chemotaxis and activation in the lung.展开更多
Cardiovascular disease(CVD)is often accompanied by chronic kidney disease(CKD)and metabolic disorders such as obesity and type 2 diabetes^([1]).The coexistence of these conditions can lead to systemic dysfunction and ...Cardiovascular disease(CVD)is often accompanied by chronic kidney disease(CKD)and metabolic disorders such as obesity and type 2 diabetes^([1]).The coexistence of these conditions can lead to systemic dysfunction and substantially increase adverse cardiovascular outcomes.To describe this interplay,the American Heart Association(AHA)recently proposed the concept of cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic(CKM)syndrome^([1]).However,its risk-enhancing factors and underlying mechanisms remain unclear.展开更多
BACKGROUND Knee osteoarthritis(KOA),a common disabling pathology characterized by knee joint pain,swelling,and functional impairment,primarily affects middle-aged and older adults.In addition to physical limitations,c...BACKGROUND Knee osteoarthritis(KOA),a common disabling pathology characterized by knee joint pain,swelling,and functional impairment,primarily affects middle-aged and older adults.In addition to physical limitations,chronic pain often leads to psychological problems,including anxiety and depression,which further impact patients’quality of life.AIM To examine the efficacy and safety of celecoxib plus duloxetine in managing chronic pain,anxiety,and depression in patients with KOA.METHODS A retrospective analysis was conducted on 123 patients with KOA treated at our center between February 2020 and February 2023.Of these,66 received celecoxib plus duloxetine,and 57 received celecoxib alone.Outcomes were assessed using the Visual Analog Scale(VAS),the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index(WOMAC),and the Self-Rating Anxiety Scales(SAS)/Self-Rating Depression Scales(SDS).Safety was evaluated by monitoring changes in liver function enzymes(alanine aminotransferase,aspartate aminotransferase),creatinine,and blood urea nitrogen.RESULTS Patients receiving celecoxib plus duloxetine showed significantly greater reductions in VAS and WOMAC and greater improvements in SAS and SDS scores compared with those receiving celecoxib alone.Hepatorenal function did not differ significantly between the treatment groups.Logistic regression analysis identified patient age,educational background,and treatment regimen as independent predictors of inadequate improvement in negative emotional symptoms.CONCLUSION In patients with KOA,celecoxib plus duloxetine effectively mitigates chronic pain and improves anxiety and depressive symptoms without increasing adverse hepatic or renal effects.These findings support its use as a safe and effective treatment option.展开更多
BACKGROUND Anxiety,depression,and other negative emotions are common among patients with chronic renal failure(CRF).Analyzing the factors related to negative emotions is necessary to provide targeted nursing care.AIM ...BACKGROUND Anxiety,depression,and other negative emotions are common among patients with chronic renal failure(CRF).Analyzing the factors related to negative emotions is necessary to provide targeted nursing care.AIM To explore the correlations among life satisfaction,pleasure levels,and negative emotions in patients with CRF.METHODS One hundred patients with CRF who received therapy at the First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University between December 2022 and February 2025 were included.The Depression,Anxiety,and Stress Scale(DASS-21),Satisfaction with Life Scale(SWLS),and Temporal Experience of Pleasure Scale(TEPS)were used to evaluate negative emotions,life satisfaction,and pleasure level,respectively.Pearson’s correlation coefficient analyzed the correlation between life satisfaction,pleasure level,and negative emotions.Linear regression analysis identified the factors affecting negative emotions.RESULTS The average DASS-21 score among patients with CRF was 51.90±2.30,with subscale scores of 17.90±1.50 for depression,18.53±1.18 for anxiety,and 15.47±2.36 for stress,all significantly higher than the domestic norm(P<0.05).The average SWLS score was 22.17±4.90.Correlation analysis revealed a negative correlation between the SWLS and total DASS-21 scores(P<0.05),but not with the individual depression,anxiety,or stress dimensions.The average TEPS score was 67.80±8.34.TEPS scores were negatively correlated with the DASS-21 score and the stress dimension(P<0.05),but not with depression or anxiety.Linear regression analysis showed that TEPS scores significantly influenced DASS-21 scores(P<0.05).CONCLUSION Patients with CRF experience high levels of negative emotions,which are negatively correlated with life satisfaction and pleasure.Furthermore,pleasure level had an impact on negative emotions.展开更多
文摘This paper proposes a novel chronically evaluated highest instantaneous priority next processor scheduling algorithm. The currently existing algorithms like first come first serve, shortest job first, round-robin, shortest remaining time first, highest response ratio next and varying response ratio priority algorithm have some problems associated with them. Some of them can lead to endless waiting or starvation and some of them like round-robin has problem of too many context switches and high waiting time associated with them. In the proposed algorithm, we have taken care of all such problems. As the novel algorithm is capable of achieving as good results as shortest remaining time first algorithm and also it will never lead to starvation.
文摘Serenity is an emotional experience that contributes to the acceptance of a situation. One phenomenon in the care of chronically ill older patients and patients in end of life care is that too much focus is placed on the patient’s disease. This can contribute to anxiety, sadness or sense of isolation. For older people that are chronically ill or in care at the end of life, it is important that the registered nurse can help them to find serenity. Further knowledge is needed about how the concept of serenity is used in relation to the care of older chronically ill patients. Aim: The purpose of this concept analysis was to clarify how serenity is used in nursing and in relation to the care of chronically ill older patients. Method: The study follows Rodgers’ evolutionary method of concept analysis. Findings: Serenity is a state of physical, mental, emotional and spiritual balance when life conditions can be managed or accepted. Through the experience of serenity the chronically ill older patient is able to find or develop the self in order to continue with dignity. The concept is most used at the lowest described levels of the self, including a perception of personal safety. The highest level involves a sense of wholeness and awareness. Conclusion: The concept of serenity is used in relation to chronically ill older patients as a condition where the patient finds balance and thus can manage or accept their situation. Chronically ill older patients will not recover. For that reason it needed a better understanding about what factors to experience serenity are needed. Further research is also needed to examine how registered nurses can support older chronically patients in finding serenity with the help of nursing interventions.
基金Nord-Trøndelag University College (pro- ject number 24006)
文摘Background: Despite worsening health the chronically ill oldest older persons have expressed feelings of inner strength, which can be understood as resilience. The objective was to describe and compare the characteristics of resilience in two different age groups of chronically ill oldest older persons living at home and who needed help from home nursing care. Design: Cross-sectional design was used to describe and compare the resilience qualities between the two age groups. Methods: The inclusion criteria were 80 years or older, living at home with chronic disease, receiving help from home nursing care, and with the capacity to be interviewed. A sample of 120 oldest older women (n = 79) and men (n = 41) separated in two age groups, aged 80- 89 and 90+ years, participated in the study. Resilience characteristics were measured by Resilience Scale. Results: The whole group of oldest older people was vulnerable in relation to the characteristics of perseverance, self-reliance, and existential aloneness. Despite reduced physical health they reported a meaningful life, and equanimity. Even if there were no significant differences between the age groups among the oldest older persons in the characteristics of Resilience Scale (RS), in the characteristic of meaning there was a tendency of interaction between age and how much help from home nursing care the participants received. Conclusions: It is important to focus on the individual aging and the risk of developing illness and disabilities rather than focusing on chronologic age. Possessing meaning in life and equanimity may be strengths to meet challenges through illness and growing older.
基金Supported by The National Key Basic Research(973) Program, No.2009CB523002the Hunan Provincial TCM Research Fund,China,No.209004
文摘AIM:To investigate the effect of Simotang(Decoction of Four Powered Drugs) on gastrointestinal motility,motilin and cholecystokinin expression in chronically stressed mice.METHODS:Forty mice were randomly divided into control group,stress group(model group),mosapride group and Simotang group,10 in each group.A variety of unpredictable stimulations were used to induce chronic stress in mice.Then,the mice were treated with distilled water,mosapride or Simotang for 7 d.Gastric emptying and intestinal propulsion function were detected.Serum level of motilin was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.Expression of cholecystokinin(CCK) in intestine,spinal cord and brain of mice was detected by immunohistochemistry and semi-quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction,respectively.RESULTS:Simotang improved the gastric emptying and intestinal propulsion in chronically stressed mice.Furthermore,the serum motilin level was significantly higher and the expression levels of CCK-positive cells and genes were significantly lower in intestine,spinal cord and brain of Simotang group than in those of model group(P<0.05).No significant difference was found in serum motilin level and expression levels of CCK-positive cells and genes between the mosapride and Simotang groups.CONCLUSION:Simotang enhances the gastrointestinal motility in chronically stressed mice by regulating the serum motilin level and the expression of cholecystokinin.
文摘Aim： To assess the effect of estradiol-17β （E2） and bisphenol A （BPA） administered chronically by implanting a silicone tube throughout pregnancy and lactation on male pups＇ reproductive system in ICR mice. Methods： Female mice were implanted with a tube filled with 10 ng, 500 ng, 1 μg, or 10 μg of E2, or 100 μg or 5 mg of BPA, before mating. The tube was kept in the mice throughout pregnancy and lactation, until the pups had weaned at 4 weeks of age. During the period, E2 was released from the tube at 120 pg or 6, 12 or 120 ng/day, and BPA at 1.2 or 60 μg/day. Results： Most of the mice given 1 μg and 10 lag of E2 did not maintain their pregnancy. However, the other groups showed high rates of birth, more than 70%. At age of 4 weeks, the male pups were killed. Body weight and reproductive organ weights （testes, epididymides and accessory reproductive glands） in the treated groups did not differ from the control values, whereas the percentage of seminiferous tubules in the testis with mature spermatids was significantly lower in the groups given 10 ng and 500 ng of E2 and 5 mg of BPA than that in the control. Conclusion： Chronic exposure to E2 and BPA might disrupt spermatogenesis in male pups. （Asian JAndrol 2008 Mar; 10： 271-276）
文摘AIM:To evaluate the effect of chronic mild stress(CMS) on the emergence of gastric ulcers and possible modulation by octreotide,a synthetic somatostatin analogue. METHODS:Adult male Wistar rats were subjected to nine different unpredictable random stress procedures for 21 d,a multifactorial interactional animal model for CMS.Octreotide was administered daily for 21 d at two dose levels(50 and 90μg/kg)before exposure to stress procedure.Macro-and microscopical assessments were made,in addition to quantification of plasma corticosterone and gastric mucosal inflammatory,oxidative stress, and apoptotic biomarkers. RESULTS:Exposure to CMS elevated plasma corticosterone(28.3±0.6μg/dL,P=0.002),an event that was accompanied by gastric lesions(6.4±0.16 mm,P=0.01) and confirmed histopathologically.Moreover,the insult elevated gastric mucosal lipid peroxides(13±0.5 nmol/g tissue,P=0.001),tumor necrosis factor-α(3008.6±78.18 pg/g tissue,P<0.001),prostaglandin E2(117.1 ±4.31 pg/g tissue,P=0.002),and caspase-3 activity (2.4±0.14 OD/mg protein,P=0.002).Conversely,CMS mitigated interleukin-10(627.9±12.82 pg/g tissue,P= 0.001).Furthermore,in animals exposed to CMS,octreotide restored plasma corticosterone(61%and 71%from CMS,P=0.002)at both dose levels.These beneficial effects were associated with a remarkable suppression of gastric lesions(38%and 9%from CMS,P=0.01)and reversal of derangements in gastric mucosa. CONCLUSION:The current investigation provides evidence that exposure to CMS induces gastric ulceration, which was alleviated by administration of octreotide possibly possessing antioxidant,anti-inflammatory,and anti-apoptotic actions.
文摘AIM To investigate the impact of IL28 B and OAS gene polymorphisms on interferon treatment responses in children with chronic hepatitis B.METHODS We enrolled 52 children(between the ages of 4 and 18) with hepatitis B e antigen-negative chronic hepatitis B(CHB), who were treated with pegylated interferon alfa for 48 wk. Single nucleotide polymorphisms in the OAS1(rs1131476), OAS2(rs1293747),OAS3(rs2072136), OASL(rs10849829) and IL28B(rs12979860, rs12980275 and rs8099917) genes were studied to examine their associations with responses to IFN treatment in paediatric patients. We adopted two criteria for the therapeutic response, achieving an hepatitis B virus(HBV) DNA level < 2000 IU/m L and normalization of ALT activity(< 40 IU/L). To perform the analyses, we compared the patients in terms of achieving a partial response(PR) and a complete response(CR) upon measurement at the 24-wk posttreatment follow-up. RESULTS The PR and CR rates were 80.8% and 42.3%, respectively. Factors such as age, gender and liver histology had no impact on the type of response(partial or complete). A statistically significant relationship between higher baseline HBV DNA and ALT activity levels and lower rates of PR and CR was shown(P < 0.05). The allele association analysis revealed that only the IL-28 B rs12979860(C vs T) and IL28 B rs12980275(A vs G) markers significantly affected the achievement of PR(P = 0.021, OR = 3.3, 95%CI: 1.2-9.2 and P = 0.014, OR = 3.7, 95%CI: 1.3-10.1, respectively). However, in the genotype analysis, only IL-28 B rs12980275 was significantly associated with PR(AA vs AG-GG, P = 0.014, OR = 10.9, 95%CI: 1.3-93.9). The association analysis for CR showed that the TT genotype of IL28 B rs12979860 was present only in the no-CR group(P = 0.033) and the AA genotype of OASL rs10849829 was significantly more frequent in the noCR group(P = 0.044, OR = 0.26, 95%CI: 0.07-0.88). The haplotype analysis revealed significant associations between PR and CR and OAS haplotype(P = 0.0002 and P = 0.001, respectively), but no association with IL28 B haplotype was observed.CONCLUSION IL28 B and OAS polymorphisms are associated with different clinical outcomes in CHB children treated with interferon.
文摘Objective: To validate a Greek version of the structured self-reported 8-item Morisky Medication Adherence Scale (MMAS-8) and determine its psychometric properties in patients with chronic illnesses. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted in a small public hospital and a public health care centre, in a rural town in western Greece. The sample consisted of 100 patients with various chronic illnesses. Data were collected between January-May 2011, on the Greek version of the MMAS-8 and Beliefs about Medicines Questionnaire (BMQ). Results: Scale’s reliability analysis revealed an overall Cronbach’s alpha of 0.753 and the corrected item to total correlations, were greater than 0.30 for each of the 8 items comprising the medication adherence scale, showing good internal consistency. Convergent validity was supported by a significant correlation between the present scale’s total score and the BMQ-Specific Necessity score (Spearman’s rho = 0.492, p < 0.001). Conclusion: The current study showed acceptable reliability and validity of the Greek version of the 8-item MMAS to measure adherence to medications for various chronic illnesses. The validated Greek version of the MMAS-8 can help towards understanding adherence barriers in Greece so as to develop effective strategies to increase adherence and reduce the costs.
文摘The object of this study is to investigate the effect of VIP on pulmonary artery of chronically hypoxic rats. It was shown that chronic hypoxia depressed significantly pulmonary artery relaxation induced by VIP as compared with those of control (P<0. 001). The vascular relaxation of both groups was correlated with concentration of VIP. In addition, the relaxant effect of VIP on pulmonary arteries in rats was endothelium─independent, and was not prevented by indomethacin or nordihydroguaiaretic acid, but was abolished completely by methylene blue. These results suggest that the lower relaxation of pulmonary artery in rats might not be due to the endothelial injury caused by chronic hypoxia, and chronic hypoxia may inhibit directly the soluble guanylate cyclase in vascular smooth muscle cells invloved in synthesis of cGMP and thus reduced the sensitivity and reactivity of pulmonary artery to VIP.
文摘The author has treated almost 400 chronically depressed outpatients during his career. He has also participated as a Field Trial Coordinator in the Unipolar Field Trials of DSM-IV and consulted with the DSM-V Mood Disorders Workgroup concerning his research for the new diagnostic nomenclature for the chronic depressions, Chronic Depression Disorder. In addition, he has served as Principal Investigator in several large clinical trials involving 2200 chronically depressed outpatients. The current paper is a Brief Report describing his negative reactions to the way 40 of his chronically depressed patients have been treated today by both Psychologists and Psychiatrists. All the patients are his patients and have been seen by him in psychotherapy over the past decade. Several reasons are proposed for the inadequate treatment and specific proposals are made for the improvement of treatment for the early-onset chronically depressed patient.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(82373801,China)Key Science and Technology Project of Hainan Province(ZDYF2024SHFZ058)the Fundamental of Research Funds for the Central Universities.
文摘Intervention in chronically activated microglia-mediated neuroinflammation is a novel approach to treat Alzheimer's disease(AD).The low permeability of the blood-brain barrier(BBB)and non-selective distribution in the brain severely restrict AD drugs'disease-modifying efficacy.Here,an immunosuppressant TREM2-lowing antisense oligonucleotides(ASOs)and resveratrol co-loaded cationic liposome is developed as an immune reprogramming nanomodulator modified by acid-cleavable BBB-targeting peptide and microglia-targeting peptide(Res@TcMNP/ASO)for AD management.Res@TcMNP/ASO can enter brain endothelial cells via D-T7 peptides.Then D-T7 undergoes an acid-responsive cleavage,facilitating the escape of Res@MNP/ASO from endo/lysosomes to cross the BBB.The detached Res@MNP/ASO specifically targets M1-phenotype microglia via exposed MG1 peptides to prompt the simultaneous delivery of two drugs into activated microglia.This nanomodulator can not only restore the immune function of microglia through TREM2-lowing ASO but also mitigate the immune stimulation to microglia caused by reactive oxygen species(ROS)through resveratrol,thereby synergistically inhibiting the chronic activation of microglia to alleviate neuroinflammation in AD.Our results indicate that this combination treatment can achieve significant behavioral and cognitive improvements in late APP/PS1 mice.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Beijing Municipality(No.F252065)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.32271190,32571323)the STI 2030 Major Project(No.2021ZD0203202)。
文摘Knee osteoarthritis(KOA)represents one of the most common causes of chronic pain.The high prevalence and disability rates of KOA impose a severe burden on both individuals and society.In contrast to cutaneous pain,KOA-induced joint pain is characterized as a deep tissue pain that potentially involves distinct subgroups of peripheral sensory neurons and central processing mechanisms.Furthermore,KOA pain is closely related to locomotion activity.Impaired sensorimotor integration and pain mutually reinforce each other in KOA,forming a vicious cycle that exacerbates disease progression.In this review,we highlight the key differences between KOA pain and cutaneous pain,and the latter has been extensively studied in the pain field.We hope to offer new insights into the central mechanisms and development of new treatment strategies for KOA based on the interactions between impaired sensorimotor integration and chronic joint pain.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.32571336 and 32271048)Research Funds of Centre for Leading Medicine and Advanced Technologies of IHM(No.2025IHM01100)。
文摘Chronic migraine(CM)is a prevalent and highly debilitating neurological disorder.Functional magnetic resonance imaging(fMRI)studies have demonstrated associations between abnormal brain region activation and CM,yet the underlying complex neural circuitry mechanisms remain unclear.The spinal trigeminal nucleus caudalis(Sp5C)serves as the primary central hub for orofacial nociceptive input,receiving trigeminal pain signals and projecting to higher-order centers such as the thalamus.Therefore,we sought to investigate whether the Sp5C region and its associated circuits were involved in CM pathogenesis.In this study,we established a CM mouse model through repeated intraperitoneal injections of nitroglycerin(NTG).Using a combination of in vivo fiber photometry and in vitro c-Fos immunohistochemistry,we found a marked periorbital and plantar mechanical allodynia in CM mice,accompanied by increased glutamatergic neuronal activity in Sp5C.Chemogenetic manipulation of Sp5C glutamatergic neurons(Sp5CV^(glut2))bidirectionally modulated migraine-like behaviors and induced pain-related affective states,as evidenced by conditioned place preference/aversion(CPP/CPA)paradigms.Anterograde viral tracing revealed dense projections from Sp5C^(Vglut2)to the subthalamic nucleus(STN),which was activated in CM mice.Optogenetic activation of the Sp5C-STN pathway similarly produced migraine-like behaviors and pain-related aversive memory in mice.Altogether,we revealed a critical role of the Sp5CVglut2-STN circuit in the development and modulation of CM.Our findings provide novel mechanistic insights into the central mechanisms underlying CM,establishing potential theoretical foundations for clinical diagnosis and therapeutic development.
基金National "863" Programme (Grant Nos. 2003AA216080 and 2007AA021007)
文摘Growth factor gene transfer-induced therapeutic angiogenesis has become a novel approach for the treatment of myocardial ischemia. In order to provide a basis for the clinical application of an adeno- virus with hepatocyte growth factor gene (Ad-HGF) in the treatment of myocardial ischemia, we estab- lished a minipig model of chronically ischemic myocardium in which an Ameroid constrictor was placed around the left circumflex branch of the coronary artery (LCX). A total of 18 minipigs were ran- domly divided into 3 groups: a surgery control group, a model group and an Ad-HGF treatment group implanted with Ameroid constrictor. Ad-HGF or the control agent was injected directly into the ischemic myocardium, and an improvement in heart function and blood supply were evaluated. The results showed that myocardial perfusion remarkably improved in the Ad-HGF group compared with that in both the control and model groups. Four weeks after the treatment, the density of newly formed blood vessels was higher and the number of collateral blood vessels was greater in the Ad-HGF group than in the model group. The area of myocardial ischemia reduced evidently and the left ventricular ejection fraction improved significantly in the Ad-HGF group. These results suggest that HGF gene therapy may become a novel approach in the treatment of chronically ischemic myocardium.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,Nos.32271043(to ZW)and 82171047(to YM)the both Science and Technology Major Project of Shanghai,No.2018SHZDZX01 and ZJLabShanghai Center for Brain Science and Brain-Inspired Technology(to ZW)。
文摘Downregulation of the inwardly rectifying potassium channel Kir4.1 is a key step for inducing retinal Müller cell activation and interaction with other glial cells,which is involved in retinal ganglion cell apoptosis in glaucoma.Modulation of Kir4.1 expression in Müller cells may therefore be a potential strategy for attenuating retinal ganglion cell damage in glaucoma.In this study,we identified seven predicted phosphorylation sites in Kir4.1 and constructed lentiviral expression systems expressing Kir4.1 mutated at each site to prevent phosphorylation.Following this,we treated Müller glial cells in vitro and in vivo with the m Glu R I agonist DHPG to induce Kir4.1 or Kir4.1 Tyr^(9)Asp overexpression.We found that both Kir4.1 and Kir4.1 Tyr^(9)Asp overexpression inhibited activation of Müller glial cells.Subsequently,we established a rat model of chronic ocular hypertension by injecting microbeads into the anterior chamber and overexpressed Kir4.1 or Kir4.1 Tyr^(9)Asp in the eye,and observed similar results in Müller cells in vivo as those seen in vitro.Both Kir4.1 and Kir4.1 Tyr^(9)Asp overexpression inhibited Müller cell activation,regulated the balance of Bax/Bcl-2,and reduced the m RNA and protein levels of pro-inflammatory factors,including interleukin-1βand tumor necrosis factor-α.Furthermore,we investigated the regulatory effects of Kir4.1 and Kir4.1 Tyr^(9)Asp overexpression on the release of pro-inflammatory factors in a co-culture system of Müller glial cells and microglia.In this co-culture system,we observed elevated adenosine triphosphate concentrations in activated Müller cells,increased levels of translocator protein(a marker of microglial activation),and elevated interleukin-1βm RNA and protein levels in microglia induced by activated Müller cells.These changes could be reversed by Kir4.1 and Kir4.1 Tyr^(9)Asp overexpression in Müller cells.Kir4.1 overexpression,but not Kir4.1 Tyr^(9)Asp overexpression,reduced the number of proliferative and migratory microglia induced by activated Müller cells.Collectively,these results suggest that the tyrosine residue at position nine in Kir4.1 may serve as a functional modulation site in the retina in an experimental model of glaucoma.Kir4.1 and Kir4.1 Tyr^(9)Asp overexpression attenuated Müller cell activation,reduced ATP/P2X receptor–mediated interactions between glial cells,inhibited microglial activation,and decreased the synthesis and release of pro-inflammatory factors,consequently ameliorating retinal ganglion cell apoptosis in glaucoma.
文摘At Beijing Tongren Hospital,an AI-powered retinal screening system can screen for 10 chronic illnesses from just two photos in two minutes.Using one fundus image from each eye,it scans for early signs of diabetic retinopathy,hypertension,atherosclerosis and other conditions,with a reported accuracy of about 90 percent.
基金supported by National High Level Hospital Clinical Research Funding,grant nos.BJ-2025-122,BJ2023-126CAMS Innovation Fund for Medical Sciences(CIFMS),grant no.2021-I2M-1050National Natural Science Foundation of China,grant no.82170956。
文摘Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD),a disease responsible for early mortality worldwide,is well accepted to be associated with periodontitis epidemiologically.Although both of the diseases are the multi-microbial inflammatory disease,the precise underlying mechanisms by which periodontitis influences the progression of COPD remains largely unknown.Here,we established COPD accompanied with periodontitis mouse models and observed the pronounced progress in pulmonary symptoms and histopathology,cha racterized by poorer respiratory function,thicke ned bronchial walls,and increased neutrophils infiltration in lung tissue.Mechanistically,periodontitis pathogen Porphyromonas gingivalis(P.gingivalis)relocated in the lung through the respiratory tract and LPS from P.gingivalis promoted the secretion of chemokines CXCL2 and G-CSF of alveolar epithelial cells through NF-κB and p38 MAPK pathways to recruit neutrophils.Furthermore,exposure to P.gingivalis of infiltrated neutrophils released matrix metallopeptidase-8(MMP-8)and neutrophil elastase(NE),which aggravated airway inflammation and tissue damage.These findings indicated that periodontitis could exacerbate COPD via its pathogen P.gingivalis,which translocated in the lung and stimulated neutrophil chemotaxis and activation in the lung.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Beijing Municipality(Grant No.7234401)the Postdoctoral Research Foundation of China(Grant No.88014Y0226)。
文摘Cardiovascular disease(CVD)is often accompanied by chronic kidney disease(CKD)and metabolic disorders such as obesity and type 2 diabetes^([1]).The coexistence of these conditions can lead to systemic dysfunction and substantially increase adverse cardiovascular outcomes.To describe this interplay,the American Heart Association(AHA)recently proposed the concept of cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic(CKM)syndrome^([1]).However,its risk-enhancing factors and underlying mechanisms remain unclear.
文摘BACKGROUND Knee osteoarthritis(KOA),a common disabling pathology characterized by knee joint pain,swelling,and functional impairment,primarily affects middle-aged and older adults.In addition to physical limitations,chronic pain often leads to psychological problems,including anxiety and depression,which further impact patients’quality of life.AIM To examine the efficacy and safety of celecoxib plus duloxetine in managing chronic pain,anxiety,and depression in patients with KOA.METHODS A retrospective analysis was conducted on 123 patients with KOA treated at our center between February 2020 and February 2023.Of these,66 received celecoxib plus duloxetine,and 57 received celecoxib alone.Outcomes were assessed using the Visual Analog Scale(VAS),the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index(WOMAC),and the Self-Rating Anxiety Scales(SAS)/Self-Rating Depression Scales(SDS).Safety was evaluated by monitoring changes in liver function enzymes(alanine aminotransferase,aspartate aminotransferase),creatinine,and blood urea nitrogen.RESULTS Patients receiving celecoxib plus duloxetine showed significantly greater reductions in VAS and WOMAC and greater improvements in SAS and SDS scores compared with those receiving celecoxib alone.Hepatorenal function did not differ significantly between the treatment groups.Logistic regression analysis identified patient age,educational background,and treatment regimen as independent predictors of inadequate improvement in negative emotional symptoms.CONCLUSION In patients with KOA,celecoxib plus duloxetine effectively mitigates chronic pain and improves anxiety and depressive symptoms without increasing adverse hepatic or renal effects.These findings support its use as a safe and effective treatment option.
文摘BACKGROUND Anxiety,depression,and other negative emotions are common among patients with chronic renal failure(CRF).Analyzing the factors related to negative emotions is necessary to provide targeted nursing care.AIM To explore the correlations among life satisfaction,pleasure levels,and negative emotions in patients with CRF.METHODS One hundred patients with CRF who received therapy at the First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University between December 2022 and February 2025 were included.The Depression,Anxiety,and Stress Scale(DASS-21),Satisfaction with Life Scale(SWLS),and Temporal Experience of Pleasure Scale(TEPS)were used to evaluate negative emotions,life satisfaction,and pleasure level,respectively.Pearson’s correlation coefficient analyzed the correlation between life satisfaction,pleasure level,and negative emotions.Linear regression analysis identified the factors affecting negative emotions.RESULTS The average DASS-21 score among patients with CRF was 51.90±2.30,with subscale scores of 17.90±1.50 for depression,18.53±1.18 for anxiety,and 15.47±2.36 for stress,all significantly higher than the domestic norm(P<0.05).The average SWLS score was 22.17±4.90.Correlation analysis revealed a negative correlation between the SWLS and total DASS-21 scores(P<0.05),but not with the individual depression,anxiety,or stress dimensions.The average TEPS score was 67.80±8.34.TEPS scores were negatively correlated with the DASS-21 score and the stress dimension(P<0.05),but not with depression or anxiety.Linear regression analysis showed that TEPS scores significantly influenced DASS-21 scores(P<0.05).CONCLUSION Patients with CRF experience high levels of negative emotions,which are negatively correlated with life satisfaction and pleasure.Furthermore,pleasure level had an impact on negative emotions.
