Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), a further expression of metabolic syndrome, strictly linked to obesity and diabetes mellitus, is characterized by insulin resistance (IR), elevated serum levels of free fatty...Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), a further expression of metabolic syndrome, strictly linked to obesity and diabetes mellitus, is characterized by insulin resistance (IR), elevated serum levels of free fatty acids and fatty infi ltration of the liver, which is known as hepatic steatosis. Hepatocyte apoptosis is a key feature of this disease and correlates with its severity. Free-fatty-acidinduced toxicity represents one of mechanisms for the pathogenesis of NAFLD and hormones, growth factors and adipokines influence also play a key role. This review highlights the various pathways that contribute to the development of hepatic steatosis. Circulating concentrations of inflammatory cytokines are reckoned to be the most important factor in causing and maintaining IR. Low-grade chronic inflammation is fundamental in the progression of NAFLD toward higher risk cirrhotic states.展开更多
Inflammatory bowel disease(IBD)causes systemic vascular inflammation.The increased risk of venous as well as arterial thromboembolic phenomena in IBD is well established.More recently,a relationship between IBD and at...Inflammatory bowel disease(IBD)causes systemic vascular inflammation.The increased risk of venous as well as arterial thromboembolic phenomena in IBD is well established.More recently,a relationship between IBD and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease(ASCVD)has been postulated.Systemic inflammatory diseases,such as rheumatoid arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus,have well characterized cardiac pathologies and treatments that focus on prevention of disease associated ASCVD.The impact of chronic inflammation on ASCVD in IBD remains poorly characterized.This manuscript aims to review and summarize the current literature pertaining to IBD and ASCVD with respect to its pathophysiology and impact of medications in order to encourage further research that can improve understanding and help develop clinical recommendations for prevention and management of ASCVD in patients with IBD.展开更多
Objective:In prostate specimens,chronic inflammatory infiltrate(CII)type Ⅳ has been detected,but its association with prostate cancer(PCa)is controversial.The aim of the present study is to investigate on association...Objective:In prostate specimens,chronic inflammatory infiltrate(CII)type Ⅳ has been detected,but its association with prostate cancer(PCa)is controversial.The aim of the present study is to investigate on associations of CII with PCa detection in patients undergoing prostate first biopsy set.Methods:Ultrasound transrectal-guided biopsies by the transperineal approach were retrospectively evaluated in 441 consecutive patients.The study excluded patients who were in active surveillance,prostate specific antigen(PSA)30 ng/mL,re-biopsies,incidental PCa after transurethral resection of the prostate(TURP),less than 14 cores or metastatic.Analysis of population and subpopulations(with or without PCa)was performed by statistical methods which included ManneWhitney(U test),KruskaleWallis test,Chi-squared statistic,logistic regression.Multivariate logistic regression models predicting mean probability of PCa detection were established.Results:PCa detection rate was 46.03%.Age,PSA,prostate volume(PV),prostate intraepithelial neoplasia(PIN)and CII were the significant independent predictors of PCa detection.PV(OR Z 0.934)and CII(OR Z 0.192)were both negative independent predictors.CII was a significant negative independent predictor in multivariate logistic regression models predicting the mean probability of PCa detection by age,PSA and PV.The inverse association of CII with PCa does not necessary mean protection because of PSA confounding.Conclusion:In a population of patients undergoing prostate first biopsy set,CII was a strong negative independent predictor of PCa detection.CII type Ⅳ should be considered as an adjunctive parameter in re-biopsy or active surveillance protocols.展开更多
<b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Background</span></b><span style="font-family:""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">: The recognition of hum...<b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Background</span></b><span style="font-family:""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">: The recognition of human blood microbiota, consisting of cell wall-deficient microbes (L-forms), is a major challenge today in the field of microbiology. There are accumulating data confirming the concept of “internal” blood L-form microbiota and its significance for health and diseases. Finding out whether the blood microbiota can be of diagnostic and prognostic importance for detection and evaluation of chronic infections anywhere in </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">the body is a major objective. In the context of chronically infected upper</span> <span style="font-family:Verdana;">respiratory tract (URT), the aim of the current study was to understand</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> wheth</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">er a local infection can be a source for entry of bacteria and fungi in th</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">e blood. </span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Methods: </span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Blood samples from six persons with chronic inflammations</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> in URT diagnosed with hypertrophied adenoids, chronic sinusitis, nasal polyps, chronic naso-pharyngitis and one control healthy person were studied. Blood microbiota assessment methodology that be used, included three phases: </span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">1</span><span style="font-family:""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">) </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">isolation of L-form cultures from blood-development and propagation;</span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">2</span><span style="font-family:""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">) cultivation directed to conversion of L-forms into bacterial and fungal cul</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">tures;</span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">3</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">) isolation of pure classical bacterial and fungal cultures and their</span><span style="font-family:""> <span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">identification by MALDI-TOF method. </span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Results:</span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> From the patients were isolated </span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">L-forms of opportunistic bacteria (</span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Streptococcus mitis</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">,</span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> Roseomonas mucosa</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">,</span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> Dermacoccus nishinomiyaensis</span></i><span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">,</span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> Enterococcus faecalis</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">,</span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> Acinetobacter johnsonii</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">, </span></span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Pseudomonas putida</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">,</span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> Staphylococcus aureus</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">,</span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> Pseudomonas luteola</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">,</span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> Enterobacter cloacae</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">) and fungi such as </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Rhodotorula mucilaginosa</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">,</span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> Aspergillus niger</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">,</span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> Aspergillus fumigatus and Mucorales.</span></i> <b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Conclusion:</span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> The novel innovative methodology for assessment of blood L-form microbiota was successfully applied for detection of microbes responsible for chronic infections at URT.展开更多
The present study analyzed a patient with epilepsy due to chronic inflammation on the cerebral surface underwent sudden cardiac arrest. Paradoxical brain discharge, which occurred prior to epileptic seizures, induced ...The present study analyzed a patient with epilepsy due to chronic inflammation on the cerebral surface underwent sudden cardiac arrest. Paradoxical brain discharge, which occurred prior to epileptic seizures, induced a sudden cardiac arrest. However, when the focal brain pressure was relieved, cardiac arrest disappeared. A 27-year-old male patient underwent pre-surgical ram monitoring for 160 hours. During monitoring, secondary tonic-clonic seizures occurred five times. A burst of paradoxical brain discharges occurred at 2-19 seconds （mean 8 seconds） prior to epileptic seizures. After 2-3 seconds, sudden cardiac arrest occurred and lasted for 12-22 seconds （average 16 seconds）. The heart rate subsequently returned to a normal rate. Results revealed arachnoid pachymenia and adhesions, as well as mucus on the focal cerebral surface, combined with poor circulation and increased pressure, lntracranial electrodes were placed using surgical methods. Following removal of the arachnoid adhesions and mucus on the local cerebral surface, paradoxical brain discharge and epileptic seizures occurred three times, but sudden cardiac arrest was not recorded during 150-hour monitoring. Post-surgical histological examination indicated meningitis. Experimental findings suggested that paradoxical brain discharge led to cardiac arrest instead of epileptic seizures; the insult was associated with chronic inflammation on the cerebral surface, which subsequently led to hypertension and poor blood circulation in focal cerebral areas.展开更多
Chronic inflammation,through a variety of mechanisms,plays a key role in the occurrence and development of digestive system malignant tumors(DSMTs).In this study,we feature and provide a comprehensive understanding of...Chronic inflammation,through a variety of mechanisms,plays a key role in the occurrence and development of digestive system malignant tumors(DSMTs).In this study,we feature and provide a comprehensive understanding of DSMT prevention strategies based on preventing or controlling chronic inflammation.The development and evaluation of cancer prevention strategies is a longstanding process.Cancer prevention,especially in the early stage of life,should be emphasized throughout the whole life course.Issues such as the time interval for colon cancer screening,the development of direct-acting antiviral drugs for liver cancer,and the Helicobacter pylori vaccine all need to be explored in long-term,large-scale experiments in the future.展开更多
Chronic inflammation in adipose tissue is widely recognized as a pivotal link connecting obesity to a spectrum of related chronic diseases,including type 2 diabetes,non-alcoholic fatty liver disease,and cardiovascular...Chronic inflammation in adipose tissue is widely recognized as a pivotal link connecting obesity to a spectrum of related chronic diseases,including type 2 diabetes,non-alcoholic fatty liver disease,and cardiovascular disorders.In this pathogenic process,the dysregulated interaction between adipocytes and adipose-resident immune cells plays a critical regulatory role;however,the underlying mechanisms governing this abnormal interaction remain largely unknown.In this study,we showed that upregulatedβ2-microglobulin expression in hypertrophic adipocytes during obesity not only mediated the activation of adipose-resident CD8+T cells in a cell contact-dependent manner but also facilitated iron overload and the ferroptosis of adipocytes,thereby promoting the M1 polarization of adipose tissue macrophages.Conversely,specific ablation ofβ2-microglobulin in adipocytes effectively suppressed the activation and accumulation of adipose-resident CD8+T cells,as well as adipocyte ferroptosis and M1 polarization,ultimately preventing high-fat diet-induced obesity and its related inflammation and metabolic disorders.Additionally,adenoassociated virus-mediated adipose-targeted knockdown ofβ2-microglobulin has been demonstrated to therapeutically alleviate high-fat diet-induced obesity,as well as its related chronic inflammation and metabolic disorders.Furthermore,our bioinformatic analysis of human adipose transcriptome data revealed a strong correlation between adiposeβ2-microglobulin and obesity.More importantly,β2-microglobulin is significantly upregulated in adipocytes isolated from patients with obesity.Thus,our findings highlight the pivotal role of adipocytes in obesity-associated chronic inflammation and metabolic disorders viaβ2-microglobulindependent mechanisms.展开更多
Neutrophils are the first key effector innate immune cells recruited toward inflammatory sites.Through the release of neutrophilic extracellular traps(NETs),the production of reactive oxygen species(ROS),degranulation...Neutrophils are the first key effector innate immune cells recruited toward inflammatory sites.Through the release of neutrophilic extracellular traps(NETs),the production of reactive oxygen species(ROS),degranulation and phagocytosis,neutrophils play a central role in the rapid elimination of invading pathogens.Recently,increasing attention has been given to the role of neutrophils in chronic inflammation,challenging the dichotomy between innate and adaptive immune responses.In chronic inflammatory conditions,neutrophils generally display a hyperinflammatory phenotype via dysregulated pathogen defense mechanisms.Excessive neutrophil activation may result in aberrant cell death,uncontrolled oxidative burst or NET formation and sustained release of inflammatory mediators such as proteases and inflammatory cytokines.Therefore,neutrophils contribute to the development of a sustained inflammatory environment and cause collateral tissue damage.In addition to their direct inflammatory effects,neutrophils further orchestrate inflammation and tissue remodeling by actively engaging in crosstalk with other cells within the immune microenvironment,such as endothelial cells,monocytes,platelets,and T and B cells.This review summarizes the current knowledge of the emerging role of neutrophils in the context of chronic inflammation.The key characteristics of neutrophils and their interactions with distinct cell types are discussed within the initial part of the review,whereas the second part focuses on their contributions to the pathophysiology of immune-driven diseases,including rheumatoid arthritis,atherosclerosis,inflammatory bowel disease,systemic lupus erythematosus,chronic obstructive pulmonary disease,and fibrotic disorders.Increasing knowledge on neutrophil behavior in the context of chronic inflammation may offer novel insights into disease pathology and,potentially,the identification of novel therapeutic targets.展开更多
Theterms“inflammatome”(holistic inflammation networks)and“inflammatomics”(anovelomicsfield)wereproposed to decode dysbiosis-driven chronic inflammation and its disease links.Inflammatomics explores microbiota–imm...Theterms“inflammatome”(holistic inflammation networks)and“inflammatomics”(anovelomicsfield)wereproposed to decode dysbiosis-driven chronic inflammation and its disease links.Inflammatomics explores microbiota–immune crosstalk,particularly innate immune interactions,revealing how dysregulated microbial communities trigger chronic inflammation underlying disorders like inflammatory bowel disease,metabolic diseases,and neurodegeneration.This discipline transcends traditional inflammation paradigms by dissecting molecular pathways connecting dysbiosis to systemic inflammation,enabling early detection and precision interventions.It integrates evolutionary perspectives on host–microbe interactions,emphasizing the human body as a stress-sensitive“organ”.Challenges include stan dardizing inflammatome profiling,translating findings into clinical tools,and advancing multiomics technologies.By bridging microbial ecology,immunology,and systems medicine,inflammatomics holds a transformative potential to shift health care from reactive treatment to proactive,personalized prevention,targeting disease origins shaped by chronic inflammatome dysregulation.展开更多
Neuroinflammation is an inflammatory response in the central nervous system associated with various neurological conditions.The inflammatory process is typically treated with non-steroidal and steroidal anti-inflammat...Neuroinflammation is an inflammatory response in the central nervous system associated with various neurological conditions.The inflammatory process is typically treated with non-steroidal and steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs,which have a range of serious adverse effects.As an alternative,naturally derived molecules such as quercetin and its derivatives show promising anti-inflammatory properties and beneficial effects on various physiological functions.Our objective was to synthesize the evidence on the anti-inflammatory effect of quercetin and its derivatives in in vivo models,in the face of neuroinflammatory insults induced by lipopolysaccharide,through a systematic review and meta-analysis.A search of the preclinical literature was conducted across four databases(Pub Med,Web of Science,Scielo,and Google Scholar).Studies were selected based on inclusion and exclusion criteria,assessed for methodological quality using CAMARADES,and risk of bias using the SYRCLE tool,and data were extracted from the studies.The quantitative assessment of quercetin effects on the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines and microgliosis was performed through a meta-analysis.A total of 384 potentially relevant articles were identified,of which 11 studies were included in the analysis.The methodological quality was assessed,resulting in an average score of 5.8/10,and the overall risk of bias analysis revealed a lack of methodological clarity in most studies.Furthermore,through the meta-analysis,it was observed that treatment with quercetin statistically reduces pro-inflammatory cytokines,such as tumor necrosis factor alpha,interleukin 6,interleukin 1β(n=89;SMD=–2.00;95%CI:–3.29 to–0.71),and microgliosis(n=33;SMD=–2.56;95%CI:–4.07 to–1.10).In terms of underlying mechanisms,quercetin and its derivatives exhibit antioxidant and anti-apoptotic properties,possibly through the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2(Nrf2)/HO-1 pathways,increasing the expression of antioxidant enzymes and reducing reactive species,and modulating the caspase pathway,increasing levels of anti-apoptotic proteins and decreasing proapoptotic proteins.Quercetin and its derivatives exhibit highly pleiotropic actions that simultaneously contribute to preventing neuroinflammation.However,despite promising results in animal models,future directions should focus on well-designed clinical studies to assess the safety,bioavailability,and efficacy of quercetin and its derivatives in humans.Additionally,standardization of methods and dosages in studies is crucial to ensure consistency of findings and optimize their application in clinical settings.展开更多
Objective： To observe the clinical efficacy of Penyanqing Capsule （盆炎清胶囊, PYQC） in treating pelvic inflammation of Qi-stagnation with blood stasis syndrome. Methods： The randomized, single blinded, parallel p...Objective： To observe the clinical efficacy of Penyanqing Capsule （盆炎清胶囊, PYQC） in treating pelvic inflammation of Qi-stagnation with blood stasis syndrome. Methods： The randomized, single blinded, parallel positive drug controlled method was adopted, with 82 patients assigned into two groups by envelop method. The 42 patients in the treated group received PYQC 3 times a day, 4 capsules each time taken orally; the 40 patients in the control group were given orally Fuyankang tablets （妇炎康片, FYKT） 3 times a day, 6 tablets each time. The therapeutic course for both groups was 2 months, and 2 courses of treatment were given successively to observe the comprehensive effect, changes of symptoms and signs before and after treatment. The effects of PYQC on hemorrheological character in part of the patients and on the pathogenetic chlamydia and mycoplasma were also observed. Results： The total effective rate in the treated group was 83.3%, which was insignificantly different from that in the control group （77.5%, P〉0.05）. However, PYQC could significantly lower the hemorrheologic indexes in patients and showed definite influence on the pathogenetic chlamydia and mycoplasma. Conclusion： PYQC has good therapeutic effect in treating chronic pelvic inflammation of Qi-stagnation with blood stasis syndrome, and showed definite effect on chlamydia and mycoplasma.展开更多
Chronic intermittent hypoxia is considered to play an important role in cardiovascular pathogenesis during the development of obstructive sleep apnea（OSA）.We used a well-described OSA rat model induced with simultan...Chronic intermittent hypoxia is considered to play an important role in cardiovascular pathogenesis during the development of obstructive sleep apnea（OSA）.We used a well-described OSA rat model induced with simultaneous intermittent hypoxia.Male Sprague Dawley rats were individually placed into plexiglass chambers with air pressure and components were electronically controlled.The rats were exposed to intermittent hypoxia 8 hours daily for 5weeks.The changes of cardiac structure and function were examined by ultrasound.The cardiac pathology,apoptosis,and fibrosis were analyzed by H＆E staining,TUNNEL assay,and picosirius staining,respectively.The expression of inflammation and fibrosis marker genes was analyzed by quantitative real-time PCR and Western blot.Chronic intermittent hypoxia/low pressure resulted in significant increase of left ventricular internal diameters（LVIDs）,endsystolic volume（ESV）,end-diastolic volume（EDV）,and blood lactate level and marked reduction in ejection fraction and fractional shortening.Chronic intermittent hypoxia increased TUNNEL-positive myocytes,disrupted normal arrangement of cardiac fibers,and increased Sirius stained collagen fibers.The expression levels of hypoxia induced factor（HIF）-l α,NF-κB,IL-6,and matrix metallopeptidase 2（MMP-2） were significantly increased in the heart of rats exposed to chronic intermittent hypoxia.In conclusion,the left ventricular function was adversely affected by chronic intermittent hypoxia,which is associated with increased expression of HIF-lα and NF-κB signaling molecules and development of cardiac inflammation,apoptosis and fibrosis.展开更多
Objective To observe the effect of electro acupuncture combined with TDP on chronic pelvic inflammation. Methods Electroacupuncture combined with TDP were used in all the forty five cases of chronic pelvic inflammatio...Objective To observe the effect of electro acupuncture combined with TDP on chronic pelvic inflammation. Methods Electroacupuncture combined with TDP were used in all the forty five cases of chronic pelvic inflammation. The acupoints included Guānyuán （关元 CV 4）, Zhōngjí （中极 CV 3）, Shuǐdào （水道 ST 28）, Guīlaí （归来 ST 29）, Zúsānlǐ （足三里 ST 36）, Sānyīnjiāo （三阴交 SP 6） and Tàichōng （太冲 LR 3）, and the low frequency therapeutic instrument in type of G9805-C was used in Shuǐdào （水道 ST 28） and Guīlaí （归来 ST 29） on the same side. Retain needles for 30min, and put TDP directly above patients’ lower abdomen at the same time. The treatment frequency was once every other day, and 1 course included 5 times. Evaluate the effect after 3 courses. Results There were 10 cases of recovery, 18 cases of obvious improvement and 17 cases of improvement. There was no adverse reaction or complication during treatment. Conclusion Electroacupuncture combined with TDP is effective on chronic pelvic inflammation.展开更多
Objective:To systematically evaluate the efficacy and safety of Fuke Qianjin Tablets(妇科千金片)in the treatment of chronic pelvic inflammation.Methods:A systematically and comprehensively search was conducted in 4 Ch...Objective:To systematically evaluate the efficacy and safety of Fuke Qianjin Tablets(妇科千金片)in the treatment of chronic pelvic inflammation.Methods:A systematically and comprehensively search was conducted in 4 Chinese databases of CNKI,VIP,Wan Fang and CBM and the foreign language databases of Pubmed,EMbase and The Cochrane Library.The retrieval time was from database establishment to March 2019.The randomized controlled trials of Fuke Qianjin Tablets(妇科千金片)in the treatment of chronic pelvic inflammation were selected according to the predetermined criteria.The quality of the included study was evaluated by Cochrane collaborative network bias risk evaluation tool,and the meta-analysis was performed by Rev Man5.3 software.Results:A total of 1009 related literatures were searched.After initial screening and strict evaluation,55 studies were included,with a total sample size of 6826 cases,including 3416 cases in the experiment group and 3410 cases in the control group.The results of meta-analysis showed that the total effective rate of Fuke Qianjin Tablets(妇科千金片)combined with antibiotics in the treatment of chronic pelvic inflammation was better than that of antibiotics alone(RR=1.20,95%CI[1.17,1.22],P<0.00001).Fuke Qianjin Tablets(妇科千金片)combined with antibiotics was better than that of antibiotics alone in the improvement of abdominal pain symptoms(RR=1.40,95%CI[1.04,1.88],P<0.00001),leukorrhea abnormality(RR=1.38,95%CI[1.16,1.65],P<0.0004).In terms of safety,Fuke Qianjin Tablets(妇科千金片)combined with antibiotics could reduce the incidence of adverse reactions(RR=0.67,95%CI[0.48,0.93],P<0.02).The main adverse reactions were nausea and vomiting,bitterness and astringency in the mouth,rash and so on.All of them could be tolerated and the symptoms could disappear in the short term,and had no effect on the treatment.Conclusion:Fuke Qianjin Tablets(妇科千金片)combined with antibiotics in the treatment of chronic pelvic inflammation can improve the total effective rate,relieve abdominal pain and abnormal leukorrhea and other clinical discomfort symptoms,improve the quality of life of patients to a certain extent,and no serious adverse reactions are found.Due to the limitation of the quality and quantity of the included literature,the above conclusions need to be further studied and verified by high-quality research.展开更多
Objective To observe the clinical effect of abdominal acupuncture in combination with Chinese herbal bag hot compress in the treatment of chronic pelvic inflammation. Methods Fifty patients with chronic pelvic inflamm...Objective To observe the clinical effect of abdominal acupuncture in combination with Chinese herbal bag hot compress in the treatment of chronic pelvic inflammation. Methods Fifty patients with chronic pelvic inflammation were treated with abdominal acupuncture and Chinese herbal bag hot compress. The following points were selected as Zhongwan （中脘 CV 12）, Xiawan （下脘 CV 10）, Qihai （气海 CV 6）, Guanyuan （关元 CV 4）, Huaroumen （滑肉门 ST 24）, Wailing （外陵 ST 26）, Daheng （大横 SP 15）, and abdominal acupuncture was given once every other day and Chinese herbal bag hot compress was given once a day and 15 days were one course. The clinical effect was observed after two courses of treatment. The observation data included clinical effect, the scoring comparison of main symptoms and signs before and after the treatment. Results Among 50 patients with chronic pelvic inflammation, 11 cases got clinically cured, 15 were markedly effective, and 20 effective and the total effective rate was 92.0%; dropping pain in the lower abdomen, abnormal leukorrhea and gynecological signs were significantly improved after the treatment （P〈0.05）. Conclusion Abdominal acupuncture combined with Chinese herbal bag hot compress have the exact effect on the chronic pelvic inflammation.展开更多
Objective To confirm if pulmonary epithelial cells express Toll-like receptor 4 （TLR4） and investigate the role of TLR4 in airway inflammation of chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases （COPD）. Methods The expressi...Objective To confirm if pulmonary epithelial cells express Toll-like receptor 4 （TLR4） and investigate the role of TLR4 in airway inflammation of chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases （COPD）. Methods The expressions of TLR4, IL-8 mRNA and NF-KB activation stimulated by differen factors E lipopolysacharides （LPS）, interleukin-lβ, cigarette smoking extract （CSE）] in pulmonary epithelial cells were investigated. Results LPS, CSE and IL-lβ induced the production of IL-8 and activation of NF-KB. The levels of 1L-8 mRNA and NF-KB protein in E1A ＋ cell were markedly higher than E1A- cell and A549 cell （ P 〈0. 05）. The TLR4 mRNA of all the cells increased along with the increase of LPS＇ stimulated time. There was significant difference among different LPS＇ doses （ 12 h： P = O. 039 ; 24 h ： P = O. 013 ）. The TLR4 mRNA of E1A ＋ cell was higher than the other two groups （ P 〈0. 05）. IL-lβ induced all the cells expressing TLR4 mRNA. CSE had no effect on the expression of TLR4 mRNA. Conclusion Pulmonary epithelial cells express TLR4. LPS and IL-lβ up-regulate IL-8 mediated via the activation of NF-KB induced by TLR4. But CSE up-regulates IL-8 mediated via the activation of NF-KB, which has no relation to TLR4 and may have another signal transduction pathway.展开更多
Objective: to explore the clinical curative value of surgical treatment in patients with chronic suppurative inflammation. Methods: 32 patients with confirmed breast chronic suppurative verification were admitted in t...Objective: to explore the clinical curative value of surgical treatment in patients with chronic suppurative inflammation. Methods: 32 patients with confirmed breast chronic suppurative verification were admitted in the breast department from May 2020 to March 2022, and all the patients were treated by surgical regimen. The numbers were randomly grouped and divided into the control group and observation group, with 16 cases in each group. The control group was treated with breast abscess incision and drainage intervention, and the observation group was treated by mastectomy. Perioperative indexes and postoperative recurrence rate were compared between the two surgical treatment options. Results: mastectomy had long operation, large intraoperative bleeding, short hospitalization and significant significance between groups (P 0.05). Patients in the observation group were more effective than those in the control group, and there were statistically significant patients between the groups (P 0.05). The postoperative recurrence rate of the observed group was lower than the control group, significant between groups (P 0.05). Conclusion: surgery is the main treatment method for chronic suppurative breast inflammation of the breast. Compared with conventional breast abscess incision and drainage of breast abscess, breast comparttectomy is more mild, which has a prominent effect on postoperative recurrence control and comprehensively guarantees the condition control effect of patients.展开更多
Chronic uncontrolled inflammation is a major risk factor driving the occurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC),with over half of global cases attributed to hepatitis B virus(HBV)infection.Persistent inflammation fre...Chronic uncontrolled inflammation is a major risk factor driving the occurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC),with over half of global cases attributed to hepatitis B virus(HBV)infection.Persistent inflammation frequently progresses to cirrhosis and,ultimately,malignancy[1].Monitoring the key risk factors involved in the inflammatory-to-cancerous transformation in HCC is crucial for enabling timely intervention and improving patient survival rates.To address this challenge,we analyzed plasma samples collected from healthy volunteers and patients at various stages of HCC progression.展开更多
Chronic inflammation is often associated with alcoholrelated medical conditions. The key inducer of such inflammation, and also the best understood, is gut microflora-derived lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Alcohol can sign...Chronic inflammation is often associated with alcoholrelated medical conditions. The key inducer of such inflammation, and also the best understood, is gut microflora-derived lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Alcohol can significantly increase the translocation of LPS from the gut. In healthy individuals, the adverse effects of LPS are kept in check by the actions and interactions of multiple organs. The liver plays a central role in detoxifying LPS and producing a balanced cytokine milieu. The central nervous system contributes to anti-inflammatory regulation through neuroimmunoendocrine actions. Chronic alcohol use impairs not only gut and liver functions, but also multi-organ interactions, leading to persistent systemic inflammation and ultimately, to organ damage. The study of these interactions may provide potential new targets for therapeutic intervention.展开更多
In the inflammatory microenvironment,there are numerous exosomes secreted by immune cells(Macrophages,neutrophils,dendritic cells),mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs)and platelets as intercellular communicators,which partici...In the inflammatory microenvironment,there are numerous exosomes secreted by immune cells(Macrophages,neutrophils,dendritic cells),mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs)and platelets as intercellular communicators,which participate in the regulation of inflammation by modulating gene expression and releasing anti-inflammatory factors.Due to their good biocompatibility,accurate targeting,low toxicity and immunogenicity,these exosomes are able to selectively deliver therapeutic drugs to the site of inflammation through interactions between their surface-antibody or modified ligand with cell surface receptors.Therefore,the role of exosome-based biomimetic delivery strategies in inflammatory diseases has attracted increasing attention.Here we review current knowledge and techniques for exosome identification,isolation,modification and drug loading.More importantly,we highlight progress in using exosomes to treat chronic inflammatory diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis(RA),osteoarthritis(OA),atherosclerosis(AS),and inflammatory bowel disease(IBD).Finally,we also discuss their potential and challenges as anti-inflammatory drug carriers.展开更多
文摘Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), a further expression of metabolic syndrome, strictly linked to obesity and diabetes mellitus, is characterized by insulin resistance (IR), elevated serum levels of free fatty acids and fatty infi ltration of the liver, which is known as hepatic steatosis. Hepatocyte apoptosis is a key feature of this disease and correlates with its severity. Free-fatty-acidinduced toxicity represents one of mechanisms for the pathogenesis of NAFLD and hormones, growth factors and adipokines influence also play a key role. This review highlights the various pathways that contribute to the development of hepatic steatosis. Circulating concentrations of inflammatory cytokines are reckoned to be the most important factor in causing and maintaining IR. Low-grade chronic inflammation is fundamental in the progression of NAFLD toward higher risk cirrhotic states.
文摘Inflammatory bowel disease(IBD)causes systemic vascular inflammation.The increased risk of venous as well as arterial thromboembolic phenomena in IBD is well established.More recently,a relationship between IBD and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease(ASCVD)has been postulated.Systemic inflammatory diseases,such as rheumatoid arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus,have well characterized cardiac pathologies and treatments that focus on prevention of disease associated ASCVD.The impact of chronic inflammation on ASCVD in IBD remains poorly characterized.This manuscript aims to review and summarize the current literature pertaining to IBD and ASCVD with respect to its pathophysiology and impact of medications in order to encourage further research that can improve understanding and help develop clinical recommendations for prevention and management of ASCVD in patients with IBD.
文摘Objective:In prostate specimens,chronic inflammatory infiltrate(CII)type Ⅳ has been detected,but its association with prostate cancer(PCa)is controversial.The aim of the present study is to investigate on associations of CII with PCa detection in patients undergoing prostate first biopsy set.Methods:Ultrasound transrectal-guided biopsies by the transperineal approach were retrospectively evaluated in 441 consecutive patients.The study excluded patients who were in active surveillance,prostate specific antigen(PSA)30 ng/mL,re-biopsies,incidental PCa after transurethral resection of the prostate(TURP),less than 14 cores or metastatic.Analysis of population and subpopulations(with or without PCa)was performed by statistical methods which included ManneWhitney(U test),KruskaleWallis test,Chi-squared statistic,logistic regression.Multivariate logistic regression models predicting mean probability of PCa detection were established.Results:PCa detection rate was 46.03%.Age,PSA,prostate volume(PV),prostate intraepithelial neoplasia(PIN)and CII were the significant independent predictors of PCa detection.PV(OR Z 0.934)and CII(OR Z 0.192)were both negative independent predictors.CII was a significant negative independent predictor in multivariate logistic regression models predicting the mean probability of PCa detection by age,PSA and PV.The inverse association of CII with PCa does not necessary mean protection because of PSA confounding.Conclusion:In a population of patients undergoing prostate first biopsy set,CII was a strong negative independent predictor of PCa detection.CII type Ⅳ should be considered as an adjunctive parameter in re-biopsy or active surveillance protocols.
文摘<b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Background</span></b><span style="font-family:""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">: The recognition of human blood microbiota, consisting of cell wall-deficient microbes (L-forms), is a major challenge today in the field of microbiology. There are accumulating data confirming the concept of “internal” blood L-form microbiota and its significance for health and diseases. Finding out whether the blood microbiota can be of diagnostic and prognostic importance for detection and evaluation of chronic infections anywhere in </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">the body is a major objective. In the context of chronically infected upper</span> <span style="font-family:Verdana;">respiratory tract (URT), the aim of the current study was to understand</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> wheth</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">er a local infection can be a source for entry of bacteria and fungi in th</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">e blood. </span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Methods: </span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Blood samples from six persons with chronic inflammations</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> in URT diagnosed with hypertrophied adenoids, chronic sinusitis, nasal polyps, chronic naso-pharyngitis and one control healthy person were studied. Blood microbiota assessment methodology that be used, included three phases: </span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">1</span><span style="font-family:""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">) </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">isolation of L-form cultures from blood-development and propagation;</span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">2</span><span style="font-family:""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">) cultivation directed to conversion of L-forms into bacterial and fungal cul</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">tures;</span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">3</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">) isolation of pure classical bacterial and fungal cultures and their</span><span style="font-family:""> <span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">identification by MALDI-TOF method. </span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Results:</span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> From the patients were isolated </span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">L-forms of opportunistic bacteria (</span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Streptococcus mitis</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">,</span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> Roseomonas mucosa</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">,</span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> Dermacoccus nishinomiyaensis</span></i><span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">,</span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> Enterococcus faecalis</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">,</span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> Acinetobacter johnsonii</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">, </span></span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Pseudomonas putida</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">,</span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> Staphylococcus aureus</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">,</span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> Pseudomonas luteola</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">,</span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> Enterobacter cloacae</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">) and fungi such as </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Rhodotorula mucilaginosa</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">,</span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> Aspergillus niger</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">,</span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> Aspergillus fumigatus and Mucorales.</span></i> <b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Conclusion:</span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> The novel innovative methodology for assessment of blood L-form microbiota was successfully applied for detection of microbes responsible for chronic infections at URT.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Shanxi Province, No. 2009011057-2
文摘The present study analyzed a patient with epilepsy due to chronic inflammation on the cerebral surface underwent sudden cardiac arrest. Paradoxical brain discharge, which occurred prior to epileptic seizures, induced a sudden cardiac arrest. However, when the focal brain pressure was relieved, cardiac arrest disappeared. A 27-year-old male patient underwent pre-surgical ram monitoring for 160 hours. During monitoring, secondary tonic-clonic seizures occurred five times. A burst of paradoxical brain discharges occurred at 2-19 seconds （mean 8 seconds） prior to epileptic seizures. After 2-3 seconds, sudden cardiac arrest occurred and lasted for 12-22 seconds （average 16 seconds）. The heart rate subsequently returned to a normal rate. Results revealed arachnoid pachymenia and adhesions, as well as mucus on the focal cerebral surface, combined with poor circulation and increased pressure, lntracranial electrodes were placed using surgical methods. Following removal of the arachnoid adhesions and mucus on the local cerebral surface, paradoxical brain discharge and epileptic seizures occurred three times, but sudden cardiac arrest was not recorded during 150-hour monitoring. Post-surgical histological examination indicated meningitis. Experimental findings suggested that paradoxical brain discharge led to cardiac arrest instead of epileptic seizures; the insult was associated with chronic inflammation on the cerebral surface, which subsequently led to hypertension and poor blood circulation in focal cerebral areas.
基金Supported by the Open Project Fund of Henan International Joint Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Pediatric Diseases,No.SS202204.
文摘Chronic inflammation,through a variety of mechanisms,plays a key role in the occurrence and development of digestive system malignant tumors(DSMTs).In this study,we feature and provide a comprehensive understanding of DSMT prevention strategies based on preventing or controlling chronic inflammation.The development and evaluation of cancer prevention strategies is a longstanding process.Cancer prevention,especially in the early stage of life,should be emphasized throughout the whole life course.Issues such as the time interval for colon cancer screening,the development of direct-acting antiviral drugs for liver cancer,and the Helicobacter pylori vaccine all need to be explored in long-term,large-scale experiments in the future.
基金financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.32470987)the Special Program of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.32141005)+1 种基金the Major Program of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.82394410)We are also grateful for the technical support of the Central Laboratory of the Army Military Medical University。
文摘Chronic inflammation in adipose tissue is widely recognized as a pivotal link connecting obesity to a spectrum of related chronic diseases,including type 2 diabetes,non-alcoholic fatty liver disease,and cardiovascular disorders.In this pathogenic process,the dysregulated interaction between adipocytes and adipose-resident immune cells plays a critical regulatory role;however,the underlying mechanisms governing this abnormal interaction remain largely unknown.In this study,we showed that upregulatedβ2-microglobulin expression in hypertrophic adipocytes during obesity not only mediated the activation of adipose-resident CD8+T cells in a cell contact-dependent manner but also facilitated iron overload and the ferroptosis of adipocytes,thereby promoting the M1 polarization of adipose tissue macrophages.Conversely,specific ablation ofβ2-microglobulin in adipocytes effectively suppressed the activation and accumulation of adipose-resident CD8+T cells,as well as adipocyte ferroptosis and M1 polarization,ultimately preventing high-fat diet-induced obesity and its related inflammation and metabolic disorders.Additionally,adenoassociated virus-mediated adipose-targeted knockdown ofβ2-microglobulin has been demonstrated to therapeutically alleviate high-fat diet-induced obesity,as well as its related chronic inflammation and metabolic disorders.Furthermore,our bioinformatic analysis of human adipose transcriptome data revealed a strong correlation between adiposeβ2-microglobulin and obesity.More importantly,β2-microglobulin is significantly upregulated in adipocytes isolated from patients with obesity.Thus,our findings highlight the pivotal role of adipocytes in obesity-associated chronic inflammation and metabolic disorders viaβ2-microglobulindependent mechanisms.
基金supported by grants from KU Leuven(C1 grant C14/23/143)received funding under the Horizon Europe programme within the MSCA-DN project B-ACTIVE(grant 101120187)+1 种基金Kaat Torfs and Gaël Vermeersch hold a personal PhD fellowship for Fundamental Research from FWO Vlaanderen(1139025N and 1144825N)MG is financially supported by the Rega Foundation.
文摘Neutrophils are the first key effector innate immune cells recruited toward inflammatory sites.Through the release of neutrophilic extracellular traps(NETs),the production of reactive oxygen species(ROS),degranulation and phagocytosis,neutrophils play a central role in the rapid elimination of invading pathogens.Recently,increasing attention has been given to the role of neutrophils in chronic inflammation,challenging the dichotomy between innate and adaptive immune responses.In chronic inflammatory conditions,neutrophils generally display a hyperinflammatory phenotype via dysregulated pathogen defense mechanisms.Excessive neutrophil activation may result in aberrant cell death,uncontrolled oxidative burst or NET formation and sustained release of inflammatory mediators such as proteases and inflammatory cytokines.Therefore,neutrophils contribute to the development of a sustained inflammatory environment and cause collateral tissue damage.In addition to their direct inflammatory effects,neutrophils further orchestrate inflammation and tissue remodeling by actively engaging in crosstalk with other cells within the immune microenvironment,such as endothelial cells,monocytes,platelets,and T and B cells.This review summarizes the current knowledge of the emerging role of neutrophils in the context of chronic inflammation.The key characteristics of neutrophils and their interactions with distinct cell types are discussed within the initial part of the review,whereas the second part focuses on their contributions to the pathophysiology of immune-driven diseases,including rheumatoid arthritis,atherosclerosis,inflammatory bowel disease,systemic lupus erythematosus,chronic obstructive pulmonary disease,and fibrotic disorders.Increasing knowledge on neutrophil behavior in the context of chronic inflammation may offer novel insights into disease pathology and,potentially,the identification of novel therapeutic targets.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Founda tion for Key Programs of China Grants(32394054 to R.Y.).
文摘Theterms“inflammatome”(holistic inflammation networks)and“inflammatomics”(anovelomicsfield)wereproposed to decode dysbiosis-driven chronic inflammation and its disease links.Inflammatomics explores microbiota–immune crosstalk,particularly innate immune interactions,revealing how dysregulated microbial communities trigger chronic inflammation underlying disorders like inflammatory bowel disease,metabolic diseases,and neurodegeneration.This discipline transcends traditional inflammation paradigms by dissecting molecular pathways connecting dysbiosis to systemic inflammation,enabling early detection and precision interventions.It integrates evolutionary perspectives on host–microbe interactions,emphasizing the human body as a stress-sensitive“organ”.Challenges include stan dardizing inflammatome profiling,translating findings into clinical tools,and advancing multiomics technologies.By bridging microbial ecology,immunology,and systems medicine,inflammatomics holds a transformative potential to shift health care from reactive treatment to proactive,personalized prevention,targeting disease origins shaped by chronic inflammatome dysregulation.
基金supported by the Coordenacao de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nivel Superior-Brasil(CAPES)[Finance Code 001](to MGS)Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico(CNPq)fellowship[research grants 309840/2022-8]。
文摘Neuroinflammation is an inflammatory response in the central nervous system associated with various neurological conditions.The inflammatory process is typically treated with non-steroidal and steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs,which have a range of serious adverse effects.As an alternative,naturally derived molecules such as quercetin and its derivatives show promising anti-inflammatory properties and beneficial effects on various physiological functions.Our objective was to synthesize the evidence on the anti-inflammatory effect of quercetin and its derivatives in in vivo models,in the face of neuroinflammatory insults induced by lipopolysaccharide,through a systematic review and meta-analysis.A search of the preclinical literature was conducted across four databases(Pub Med,Web of Science,Scielo,and Google Scholar).Studies were selected based on inclusion and exclusion criteria,assessed for methodological quality using CAMARADES,and risk of bias using the SYRCLE tool,and data were extracted from the studies.The quantitative assessment of quercetin effects on the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines and microgliosis was performed through a meta-analysis.A total of 384 potentially relevant articles were identified,of which 11 studies were included in the analysis.The methodological quality was assessed,resulting in an average score of 5.8/10,and the overall risk of bias analysis revealed a lack of methodological clarity in most studies.Furthermore,through the meta-analysis,it was observed that treatment with quercetin statistically reduces pro-inflammatory cytokines,such as tumor necrosis factor alpha,interleukin 6,interleukin 1β(n=89;SMD=–2.00;95%CI:–3.29 to–0.71),and microgliosis(n=33;SMD=–2.56;95%CI:–4.07 to–1.10).In terms of underlying mechanisms,quercetin and its derivatives exhibit antioxidant and anti-apoptotic properties,possibly through the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2(Nrf2)/HO-1 pathways,increasing the expression of antioxidant enzymes and reducing reactive species,and modulating the caspase pathway,increasing levels of anti-apoptotic proteins and decreasing proapoptotic proteins.Quercetin and its derivatives exhibit highly pleiotropic actions that simultaneously contribute to preventing neuroinflammation.However,despite promising results in animal models,future directions should focus on well-designed clinical studies to assess the safety,bioavailability,and efficacy of quercetin and its derivatives in humans.Additionally,standardization of methods and dosages in studies is crucial to ensure consistency of findings and optimize their application in clinical settings.
基金Supported by the Foundation of Guangdong Provincial Ad-ministration of TCM(No .97206)
文摘Objective： To observe the clinical efficacy of Penyanqing Capsule （盆炎清胶囊, PYQC） in treating pelvic inflammation of Qi-stagnation with blood stasis syndrome. Methods： The randomized, single blinded, parallel positive drug controlled method was adopted, with 82 patients assigned into two groups by envelop method. The 42 patients in the treated group received PYQC 3 times a day, 4 capsules each time taken orally; the 40 patients in the control group were given orally Fuyankang tablets （妇炎康片, FYKT） 3 times a day, 6 tablets each time. The therapeutic course for both groups was 2 months, and 2 courses of treatment were given successively to observe the comprehensive effect, changes of symptoms and signs before and after treatment. The effects of PYQC on hemorrheological character in part of the patients and on the pathogenetic chlamydia and mycoplasma were also observed. Results： The total effective rate in the treated group was 83.3%, which was insignificantly different from that in the control group （77.5%, P〉0.05）. However, PYQC could significantly lower the hemorrheologic indexes in patients and showed definite influence on the pathogenetic chlamydia and mycoplasma. Conclusion： PYQC has good therapeutic effect in treating chronic pelvic inflammation of Qi-stagnation with blood stasis syndrome, and showed definite effect on chlamydia and mycoplasma.
基金supported by Medical Key Talents Foundation of Jiangsu Province,China(No:904-KJXW18)by National Natural Science Youth Foundation of China(No.81300227 and No.81300159)
文摘Chronic intermittent hypoxia is considered to play an important role in cardiovascular pathogenesis during the development of obstructive sleep apnea（OSA）.We used a well-described OSA rat model induced with simultaneous intermittent hypoxia.Male Sprague Dawley rats were individually placed into plexiglass chambers with air pressure and components were electronically controlled.The rats were exposed to intermittent hypoxia 8 hours daily for 5weeks.The changes of cardiac structure and function were examined by ultrasound.The cardiac pathology,apoptosis,and fibrosis were analyzed by H＆E staining,TUNNEL assay,and picosirius staining,respectively.The expression of inflammation and fibrosis marker genes was analyzed by quantitative real-time PCR and Western blot.Chronic intermittent hypoxia/low pressure resulted in significant increase of left ventricular internal diameters（LVIDs）,endsystolic volume（ESV）,end-diastolic volume（EDV）,and blood lactate level and marked reduction in ejection fraction and fractional shortening.Chronic intermittent hypoxia increased TUNNEL-positive myocytes,disrupted normal arrangement of cardiac fibers,and increased Sirius stained collagen fibers.The expression levels of hypoxia induced factor（HIF）-l α,NF-κB,IL-6,and matrix metallopeptidase 2（MMP-2） were significantly increased in the heart of rats exposed to chronic intermittent hypoxia.In conclusion,the left ventricular function was adversely affected by chronic intermittent hypoxia,which is associated with increased expression of HIF-lα and NF-κB signaling molecules and development of cardiac inflammation,apoptosis and fibrosis.
文摘Objective To observe the effect of electro acupuncture combined with TDP on chronic pelvic inflammation. Methods Electroacupuncture combined with TDP were used in all the forty five cases of chronic pelvic inflammation. The acupoints included Guānyuán （关元 CV 4）, Zhōngjí （中极 CV 3）, Shuǐdào （水道 ST 28）, Guīlaí （归来 ST 29）, Zúsānlǐ （足三里 ST 36）, Sānyīnjiāo （三阴交 SP 6） and Tàichōng （太冲 LR 3）, and the low frequency therapeutic instrument in type of G9805-C was used in Shuǐdào （水道 ST 28） and Guīlaí （归来 ST 29） on the same side. Retain needles for 30min, and put TDP directly above patients’ lower abdomen at the same time. The treatment frequency was once every other day, and 1 course included 5 times. Evaluate the effect after 3 courses. Results There were 10 cases of recovery, 18 cases of obvious improvement and 17 cases of improvement. There was no adverse reaction or complication during treatment. Conclusion Electroacupuncture combined with TDP is effective on chronic pelvic inflammation.
基金National Key Research and Development Plan Project(2018YFC1707400)Basic Business Expense Project of Central Public Welfare Research Institutes(Z0605)。
文摘Objective:To systematically evaluate the efficacy and safety of Fuke Qianjin Tablets(妇科千金片)in the treatment of chronic pelvic inflammation.Methods:A systematically and comprehensively search was conducted in 4 Chinese databases of CNKI,VIP,Wan Fang and CBM and the foreign language databases of Pubmed,EMbase and The Cochrane Library.The retrieval time was from database establishment to March 2019.The randomized controlled trials of Fuke Qianjin Tablets(妇科千金片)in the treatment of chronic pelvic inflammation were selected according to the predetermined criteria.The quality of the included study was evaluated by Cochrane collaborative network bias risk evaluation tool,and the meta-analysis was performed by Rev Man5.3 software.Results:A total of 1009 related literatures were searched.After initial screening and strict evaluation,55 studies were included,with a total sample size of 6826 cases,including 3416 cases in the experiment group and 3410 cases in the control group.The results of meta-analysis showed that the total effective rate of Fuke Qianjin Tablets(妇科千金片)combined with antibiotics in the treatment of chronic pelvic inflammation was better than that of antibiotics alone(RR=1.20,95%CI[1.17,1.22],P<0.00001).Fuke Qianjin Tablets(妇科千金片)combined with antibiotics was better than that of antibiotics alone in the improvement of abdominal pain symptoms(RR=1.40,95%CI[1.04,1.88],P<0.00001),leukorrhea abnormality(RR=1.38,95%CI[1.16,1.65],P<0.0004).In terms of safety,Fuke Qianjin Tablets(妇科千金片)combined with antibiotics could reduce the incidence of adverse reactions(RR=0.67,95%CI[0.48,0.93],P<0.02).The main adverse reactions were nausea and vomiting,bitterness and astringency in the mouth,rash and so on.All of them could be tolerated and the symptoms could disappear in the short term,and had no effect on the treatment.Conclusion:Fuke Qianjin Tablets(妇科千金片)combined with antibiotics in the treatment of chronic pelvic inflammation can improve the total effective rate,relieve abdominal pain and abnormal leukorrhea and other clinical discomfort symptoms,improve the quality of life of patients to a certain extent,and no serious adverse reactions are found.Due to the limitation of the quality and quantity of the included literature,the above conclusions need to be further studied and verified by high-quality research.
文摘Objective To observe the clinical effect of abdominal acupuncture in combination with Chinese herbal bag hot compress in the treatment of chronic pelvic inflammation. Methods Fifty patients with chronic pelvic inflammation were treated with abdominal acupuncture and Chinese herbal bag hot compress. The following points were selected as Zhongwan （中脘 CV 12）, Xiawan （下脘 CV 10）, Qihai （气海 CV 6）, Guanyuan （关元 CV 4）, Huaroumen （滑肉门 ST 24）, Wailing （外陵 ST 26）, Daheng （大横 SP 15）, and abdominal acupuncture was given once every other day and Chinese herbal bag hot compress was given once a day and 15 days were one course. The clinical effect was observed after two courses of treatment. The observation data included clinical effect, the scoring comparison of main symptoms and signs before and after the treatment. Results Among 50 patients with chronic pelvic inflammation, 11 cases got clinically cured, 15 were markedly effective, and 20 effective and the total effective rate was 92.0%; dropping pain in the lower abdomen, abnormal leukorrhea and gynecological signs were significantly improved after the treatment （P〈0.05）. Conclusion Abdominal acupuncture combined with Chinese herbal bag hot compress have the exact effect on the chronic pelvic inflammation.
文摘Objective To confirm if pulmonary epithelial cells express Toll-like receptor 4 （TLR4） and investigate the role of TLR4 in airway inflammation of chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases （COPD）. Methods The expressions of TLR4, IL-8 mRNA and NF-KB activation stimulated by differen factors E lipopolysacharides （LPS）, interleukin-lβ, cigarette smoking extract （CSE）] in pulmonary epithelial cells were investigated. Results LPS, CSE and IL-lβ induced the production of IL-8 and activation of NF-KB. The levels of 1L-8 mRNA and NF-KB protein in E1A ＋ cell were markedly higher than E1A- cell and A549 cell （ P 〈0. 05）. The TLR4 mRNA of all the cells increased along with the increase of LPS＇ stimulated time. There was significant difference among different LPS＇ doses （ 12 h： P = O. 039 ; 24 h ： P = O. 013 ）. The TLR4 mRNA of E1A ＋ cell was higher than the other two groups （ P 〈0. 05）. IL-lβ induced all the cells expressing TLR4 mRNA. CSE had no effect on the expression of TLR4 mRNA. Conclusion Pulmonary epithelial cells express TLR4. LPS and IL-lβ up-regulate IL-8 mediated via the activation of NF-KB induced by TLR4. But CSE up-regulates IL-8 mediated via the activation of NF-KB, which has no relation to TLR4 and may have another signal transduction pathway.
文摘Objective: to explore the clinical curative value of surgical treatment in patients with chronic suppurative inflammation. Methods: 32 patients with confirmed breast chronic suppurative verification were admitted in the breast department from May 2020 to March 2022, and all the patients were treated by surgical regimen. The numbers were randomly grouped and divided into the control group and observation group, with 16 cases in each group. The control group was treated with breast abscess incision and drainage intervention, and the observation group was treated by mastectomy. Perioperative indexes and postoperative recurrence rate were compared between the two surgical treatment options. Results: mastectomy had long operation, large intraoperative bleeding, short hospitalization and significant significance between groups (P 0.05). Patients in the observation group were more effective than those in the control group, and there were statistically significant patients between the groups (P 0.05). The postoperative recurrence rate of the observed group was lower than the control group, significant between groups (P 0.05). Conclusion: surgery is the main treatment method for chronic suppurative breast inflammation of the breast. Compared with conventional breast abscess incision and drainage of breast abscess, breast comparttectomy is more mild, which has a prominent effect on postoperative recurrence control and comprehensively guarantees the condition control effect of patients.
基金supported by Liaoning Province Science and Technology Plan Project,China(Grant No.:2022JH2/101300038)Liaoning Provincial Applied Basic Research Project,China(Grant No.:2022020255-JH2/1013)+5 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China of China(Grant Nos.:82104379/H3203 and 82104126/H3410)Liaoning Distinguished Professor Project(2017)Liaoning BaiQianWan Talents Program in 2019(A-37)China,Liaoning key Research and Development Program(2018),China,the Natural Science Funds of Liaoning Province,China(Grant No.:2021JH2/10300068)the Basic Scientific Research Project of Higher Education Department of Liaoning Province,China(Grant No.:LJ212410163036)Educational Commission of Liaoning Province of China,China(Grant No.:LJ212410163026).
文摘Chronic uncontrolled inflammation is a major risk factor driving the occurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC),with over half of global cases attributed to hepatitis B virus(HBV)infection.Persistent inflammation frequently progresses to cirrhosis and,ultimately,malignancy[1].Monitoring the key risk factors involved in the inflammatory-to-cancerous transformation in HCC is crucial for enabling timely intervention and improving patient survival rates.To address this challenge,we analyzed plasma samples collected from healthy volunteers and patients at various stages of HCC progression.
文摘Chronic inflammation is often associated with alcoholrelated medical conditions. The key inducer of such inflammation, and also the best understood, is gut microflora-derived lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Alcohol can significantly increase the translocation of LPS from the gut. In healthy individuals, the adverse effects of LPS are kept in check by the actions and interactions of multiple organs. The liver plays a central role in detoxifying LPS and producing a balanced cytokine milieu. The central nervous system contributes to anti-inflammatory regulation through neuroimmunoendocrine actions. Chronic alcohol use impairs not only gut and liver functions, but also multi-organ interactions, leading to persistent systemic inflammation and ultimately, to organ damage. The study of these interactions may provide potential new targets for therapeutic intervention.
基金by the National Natural Science Foundation of China[grant numbers 82170459,2021]Sichuan Science and Technology Program[grant numbers 2022YFH0007,2022]+2 种基金Sichuan Science and Technology Program[grant numbers 23NSFSC1345,2022]the Key Project of Application and Basic Research of Southwest Medical University[grant numbers 2021ZKZD016,2021]the Special Support Project for Young Talents of Southwest Medical University[grant numbers 2020-2022].
文摘In the inflammatory microenvironment,there are numerous exosomes secreted by immune cells(Macrophages,neutrophils,dendritic cells),mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs)and platelets as intercellular communicators,which participate in the regulation of inflammation by modulating gene expression and releasing anti-inflammatory factors.Due to their good biocompatibility,accurate targeting,low toxicity and immunogenicity,these exosomes are able to selectively deliver therapeutic drugs to the site of inflammation through interactions between their surface-antibody or modified ligand with cell surface receptors.Therefore,the role of exosome-based biomimetic delivery strategies in inflammatory diseases has attracted increasing attention.Here we review current knowledge and techniques for exosome identification,isolation,modification and drug loading.More importantly,we highlight progress in using exosomes to treat chronic inflammatory diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis(RA),osteoarthritis(OA),atherosclerosis(AS),and inflammatory bowel disease(IBD).Finally,we also discuss their potential and challenges as anti-inflammatory drug carriers.
