Objective:To explore multiple relationships in traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)knowledge by comparing binary and multiple relationships during knowledge organization.Methods:Characteristics of binary and multiple sem...Objective:To explore multiple relationships in traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)knowledge by comparing binary and multiple relationships during knowledge organization.Methods:Characteristics of binary and multiple semantic relationships as well as their associations are described.A method to classify multiple relationships based on the involvement of time is proposed and theoretically validated using examples from the ancient TCM classic Important Formulas Worth a Thousand Gold Pieces.The classification includes parallel multiple relationships,restricted multiple relationships,multiple relationships that involve time,and multiple relationships that involve time restriction.Next,construction of multiple semantic relationships for TCM concepts in each classification using Protege,an ontology editing tool is described.Results:Protege is superior to a binary relationship and less than ideal with multiple relationships during the constitution of concept relationships.Conclusion:When applied in TCM,the semantic relationships constructed by Protege are superior than those constructed by correlation and/or attribute relationships,but less ideal than those constructed by the human cognitive process.展开更多
OBJECTIVE:To design a model to capture information on the state and trends of knowledge creation,at both an individual and an organizational level,in order to enhance knowledge management.METHODS:We designed a graph-t...OBJECTIVE:To design a model to capture information on the state and trends of knowledge creation,at both an individual and an organizational level,in order to enhance knowledge management.METHODS:We designed a graph-theoretic knowledge model,the expert knowledge map(EKM),based on literature-based annotation.A case study in the domain of Traditional Chinese Medicine research was used to illustrate the usefulness of the model.RESULTS:The EKM successfully captured various aspects of knowledge and enhanced knowledge management within the case-study organization through the provision of knowledge graphs,expert graphs,and expert-knowledge biography.CONCLUSION:Our model could help to reveal thehot topics,trends,and products of the research done by an organization.It can potentially be used to facilitate knowledge learning,sharing and decision-making among researchers,academicians,students,and administrators of organizations.展开更多
In recent years, with the improvement of medical technology, the nursing industry has attracted more and more attention. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) nursing has attracted more and more attention from the public...In recent years, with the improvement of medical technology, the nursing industry has attracted more and more attention. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) nursing has attracted more and more attention from the public due to its excellent nursing effect, including TCM nursing related to gynecology. However, the current status of TCM gynecological care is not optimistic, and the theoretical knowledge reserve of nursing staff on TCM gynecological care is still very weak. The purpose of this paper was to accept the specific concept of TCM gynecological care, briefly describe the current status of the use of theoretical knowledge in TCM gynecological care, and analyze the important role of theoretical knowledge in TCM gynecological care, so as to promote the improvement of TCM gynecological theoretical knowledge for nursing staff, motivate nursing staff to learn TCM gynecological nursing knowledge, cultivate more excellent TCM gynecological nursing talents, and promote Chinese traditional medicine.展开更多
Traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)is the cultural heritage of all humankind.TCM not only embodies the cultural crystallization of the region and the nation,but also performs the important mission of curing the lives,sa...Traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)is the cultural heritage of all humankind.TCM not only embodies the cultural crystallization of the region and the nation,but also performs the important mission of curing the lives,saving the sick and maintaining the health of the people.In the history of the spread of Chinese medicine to the West,foreign missionaries have played an important role,and researches about this role have continued in China.In the history of Chinese medicine in Germany,there is a pivotal figure named Franz Hübotter(1881-1967),who broke through the deadlock in the academic research of Chinese medicine in the 19th century in Germany,but the discussion on his contribution has been comparatively rare in China.His works and translations are not only of medical value,but are also valuable historically,culturally,and socially.The historical development of TCM has the authenticity of history,the integrity of the environment,and the richness of the times.Medical experts have explored and verified the value of medicine.Translators and scholars are mainly concerned with the dissemination of knowledge from an intercultural perspective.This paper provides a primitive and objective introduction to Franz Hübotter,hoping to trigger off the secondary research among scholars of different professional backgrounds and to expand professional thinking,and then get over the barriers of disciplines.展开更多
Constructing the Chinese self-independent knowledge system of legal science is a great project to adapt Marxist legal science to the Chinese context and the needs of our times in the new era,a profound revolution in t...Constructing the Chinese self-independent knowledge system of legal science is a great project to adapt Marxist legal science to the Chinese context and the needs of our times in the new era,a profound revolution in the field of legal science,a precursor and foundation for constructing a system of legal science with Chinese characteristics,an urgent need to train high-quality legal talents with both virtues and talents,and an inevitable requirement for promoting the Chinese path to the modernization of the rule of law.To carry out such a systematic project,it is imperative to focus on the seven basic principles and scientific methods that include adhering to the ideological guidance of XI Jinping Thought on the Rule of Law.The theory of the system of socialist rule of law with Chinese characteristics,which is the cornerstone for the development of the Chinese self-independent knowledge system of legal science,has provided a necessary and much-needed theoretical paradigm for the development of the Chinese self independent knowledge system of legal science,has led to the innovative development of legal theory with Chinese characteristics in the new era,and will continue to do it.展开更多
Picea Mill.species are important components of boreal and subalpine forests.They have a wide geographical range in the Northern Hemisphere,extending from the Eurasian continent to North America.In this study,publicati...Picea Mill.species are important components of boreal and subalpine forests.They have a wide geographical range in the Northern Hemisphere,extending from the Eurasian continent to North America.In this study,publications on Picea species from 2002 to 2016 were identified via the Web of Science(WoS)and the China National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI)databases,and subjected to relationship network visualization using CiteSpace software.This study represents the first such analysis of Picea and provides a reference for bibliometrics in forest tree species research.The results show that the total number of publications on Picea archived in WoS was20,958 and that the number of papers published annually has increased over time,peaking at 1725 in 2013.The studies were mainly conducted in North America,Europe and Asia;among them,Canada published the most papers and showed the strongest betweenness centrality(0.11).Among research institutions,the Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences in Uppsala had the highest publication record.The research contributions of the Chinese Academy of Sciences,the Chinese Academy of Forestry,and Beijing Forestry University have improved rapidly in recent years,greatly enhancing the international impact of Chinese research in this field.The research contents were grouped into five categories:forest ecosystems,pest resistance,extraction and functional analyses of active ingredients from various plant organs,nursery and afforestation techniques,and timber quality research.In China,the number of papers from the CNKI database was4532,increasing at an even pace.The research topics on Picea included forest ecosystems,seedling and afforestation techniques,basic studies on individual species and populations,and pests and diseases.Within and outside China,hotspots in Picea research included the relationships between Picea and environmental factors,and the genomic sequences of Picea.展开更多
Purpose:This study examines the impact of international academic mobility on knowledge exchange between China and the West,including its potential benefits and risks,specifically in the humanities and social sciences(...Purpose:This study examines the impact of international academic mobility on knowledge exchange between China and the West,including its potential benefits and risks,specifically in the humanities and social sciences(HSS)fields.Design/Approach/Methods:This study employed qualitative research methods;specifically,data were collected through interviews and analyzed using thematic analysis.Findings:With increasing knowledge flows in global academia,Chinese HsS scholars are bene-fiting from international academic mobility.They engage in various activities,such as international visits,conferences,and research collaborations,and praise the role of mobility in building an understanding of Western culture and knowledge,including research dynamics,embodied and encultured knowledge,and location-specific textual materials.However,international mobility has inadvertently exacerbated global knowledge asymmetries,with some Chinese scholars uncrit-ically adopting Western paradigms.Nonetheless,pioneering Chinese HSS scholars aim to promote a two-way knowledge exchange between China and the West by fostering cultural reflexivity and enhancing their global visibility.Originality/Value:Chinese HsS scholars serve as an illuminating example in the context of glo-bal knowledge asymmetries dominated by the Anglo-American West.These findings have theor-etical and practical implications for fostering equitable and inclusive knowledge exchange between Western and non-Western societies through international academic mobility.展开更多
文摘Objective:To explore multiple relationships in traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)knowledge by comparing binary and multiple relationships during knowledge organization.Methods:Characteristics of binary and multiple semantic relationships as well as their associations are described.A method to classify multiple relationships based on the involvement of time is proposed and theoretically validated using examples from the ancient TCM classic Important Formulas Worth a Thousand Gold Pieces.The classification includes parallel multiple relationships,restricted multiple relationships,multiple relationships that involve time,and multiple relationships that involve time restriction.Next,construction of multiple semantic relationships for TCM concepts in each classification using Protege,an ontology editing tool is described.Results:Protege is superior to a binary relationship and less than ideal with multiple relationships during the constitution of concept relationships.Conclusion:When applied in TCM,the semantic relationships constructed by Protege are superior than those constructed by correlation and/or attribute relationships,but less ideal than those constructed by the human cognitive process.
基金Supported by the Ministry of Science and Technology Support Projects(No.12116BAI14A21)
文摘OBJECTIVE:To design a model to capture information on the state and trends of knowledge creation,at both an individual and an organizational level,in order to enhance knowledge management.METHODS:We designed a graph-theoretic knowledge model,the expert knowledge map(EKM),based on literature-based annotation.A case study in the domain of Traditional Chinese Medicine research was used to illustrate the usefulness of the model.RESULTS:The EKM successfully captured various aspects of knowledge and enhanced knowledge management within the case-study organization through the provision of knowledge graphs,expert graphs,and expert-knowledge biography.CONCLUSION:Our model could help to reveal thehot topics,trends,and products of the research done by an organization.It can potentially be used to facilitate knowledge learning,sharing and decision-making among researchers,academicians,students,and administrators of organizations.
文摘In recent years, with the improvement of medical technology, the nursing industry has attracted more and more attention. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) nursing has attracted more and more attention from the public due to its excellent nursing effect, including TCM nursing related to gynecology. However, the current status of TCM gynecological care is not optimistic, and the theoretical knowledge reserve of nursing staff on TCM gynecological care is still very weak. The purpose of this paper was to accept the specific concept of TCM gynecological care, briefly describe the current status of the use of theoretical knowledge in TCM gynecological care, and analyze the important role of theoretical knowledge in TCM gynecological care, so as to promote the improvement of TCM gynecological theoretical knowledge for nursing staff, motivate nursing staff to learn TCM gynecological nursing knowledge, cultivate more excellent TCM gynecological nursing talents, and promote Chinese traditional medicine.
文摘Traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)is the cultural heritage of all humankind.TCM not only embodies the cultural crystallization of the region and the nation,but also performs the important mission of curing the lives,saving the sick and maintaining the health of the people.In the history of the spread of Chinese medicine to the West,foreign missionaries have played an important role,and researches about this role have continued in China.In the history of Chinese medicine in Germany,there is a pivotal figure named Franz Hübotter(1881-1967),who broke through the deadlock in the academic research of Chinese medicine in the 19th century in Germany,but the discussion on his contribution has been comparatively rare in China.His works and translations are not only of medical value,but are also valuable historically,culturally,and socially.The historical development of TCM has the authenticity of history,the integrity of the environment,and the richness of the times.Medical experts have explored and verified the value of medicine.Translators and scholars are mainly concerned with the dissemination of knowledge from an intercultural perspective.This paper provides a primitive and objective introduction to Franz Hübotter,hoping to trigger off the secondary research among scholars of different professional backgrounds and to expand professional thinking,and then get over the barriers of disciplines.
文摘Constructing the Chinese self-independent knowledge system of legal science is a great project to adapt Marxist legal science to the Chinese context and the needs of our times in the new era,a profound revolution in the field of legal science,a precursor and foundation for constructing a system of legal science with Chinese characteristics,an urgent need to train high-quality legal talents with both virtues and talents,and an inevitable requirement for promoting the Chinese path to the modernization of the rule of law.To carry out such a systematic project,it is imperative to focus on the seven basic principles and scientific methods that include adhering to the ideological guidance of XI Jinping Thought on the Rule of Law.The theory of the system of socialist rule of law with Chinese characteristics,which is the cornerstone for the development of the Chinese self-independent knowledge system of legal science,has provided a necessary and much-needed theoretical paradigm for the development of the Chinese self independent knowledge system of legal science,has led to the innovative development of legal theory with Chinese characteristics in the new era,and will continue to do it.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.31660212).
文摘Picea Mill.species are important components of boreal and subalpine forests.They have a wide geographical range in the Northern Hemisphere,extending from the Eurasian continent to North America.In this study,publications on Picea species from 2002 to 2016 were identified via the Web of Science(WoS)and the China National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI)databases,and subjected to relationship network visualization using CiteSpace software.This study represents the first such analysis of Picea and provides a reference for bibliometrics in forest tree species research.The results show that the total number of publications on Picea archived in WoS was20,958 and that the number of papers published annually has increased over time,peaking at 1725 in 2013.The studies were mainly conducted in North America,Europe and Asia;among them,Canada published the most papers and showed the strongest betweenness centrality(0.11).Among research institutions,the Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences in Uppsala had the highest publication record.The research contributions of the Chinese Academy of Sciences,the Chinese Academy of Forestry,and Beijing Forestry University have improved rapidly in recent years,greatly enhancing the international impact of Chinese research in this field.The research contents were grouped into five categories:forest ecosystems,pest resistance,extraction and functional analyses of active ingredients from various plant organs,nursery and afforestation techniques,and timber quality research.In China,the number of papers from the CNKI database was4532,increasing at an even pace.The research topics on Picea included forest ecosystems,seedling and afforestation techniques,basic studies on individual species and populations,and pests and diseases.Within and outside China,hotspots in Picea research included the relationships between Picea and environmental factors,and the genomic sequences of Picea.
文摘Purpose:This study examines the impact of international academic mobility on knowledge exchange between China and the West,including its potential benefits and risks,specifically in the humanities and social sciences(HSS)fields.Design/Approach/Methods:This study employed qualitative research methods;specifically,data were collected through interviews and analyzed using thematic analysis.Findings:With increasing knowledge flows in global academia,Chinese HsS scholars are bene-fiting from international academic mobility.They engage in various activities,such as international visits,conferences,and research collaborations,and praise the role of mobility in building an understanding of Western culture and knowledge,including research dynamics,embodied and encultured knowledge,and location-specific textual materials.However,international mobility has inadvertently exacerbated global knowledge asymmetries,with some Chinese scholars uncrit-ically adopting Western paradigms.Nonetheless,pioneering Chinese HSS scholars aim to promote a two-way knowledge exchange between China and the West by fostering cultural reflexivity and enhancing their global visibility.Originality/Value:Chinese HsS scholars serve as an illuminating example in the context of glo-bal knowledge asymmetries dominated by the Anglo-American West.These findings have theor-etical and practical implications for fostering equitable and inclusive knowledge exchange between Western and non-Western societies through international academic mobility.
