From 2000 to 2010 China experienced rapid economic development and urbanization.Many cities in economically developed areas have developed from a single-center status to polycentricity.In this study,we used explorator...From 2000 to 2010 China experienced rapid economic development and urbanization.Many cities in economically developed areas have developed from a single-center status to polycentricity.In this study,we used exploratory spatial data analysis (ESDA) to identify the population centers,which identified 232 cities in China as having urban centers.COMP was used to represent urban agglomeration,and POLYD (representing how far is the city’s sub-centers to the main center),POLYC (representing the number of a city’s centers),and POLYP (representing the population distributed between the main center and the sub-centers) were used to indicate urban polycentricity.Night light data were used to determine the CO2 emissions from various cities in China.A mixed model was used to study the impact of urban aggregation and polycentric data on the CO2 emission efficiency in 2000 and 2010.The study found that cities with higher compactness were distributed in coastal areas,and the cities with higher multicentricity were distributed in the Yangtze River Delta and Shandong Province.The more compact the city was,the less conducive it was to improving CO2 emission efficiency.Polycentric development of the city was conducive to improving the CO2 emission efficiency,but the number of urban centers had no significant relationship with the CO2 emission efficiency.Our research showed that the compactness and multicentricity of the city had an impact on the CO2 emission efficiency and provided some planning suggestions for the low carbon development of the city.展开更多
Taking Guangzhou as a case,this paper adopted a questionnaire survey to gather first-hand data and analyzed the characteristics and influencing factors of private car travel in Chinese cities.As the research indicated...Taking Guangzhou as a case,this paper adopted a questionnaire survey to gather first-hand data and analyzed the characteristics and influencing factors of private car travel in Chinese cities.As the research indicated,trip purposes of private car travel are mainly commute and business affairs with a more flexible trip in the urban core area.And trip intensities are concentrated in a certain extent,with trip frequency being lower in the urban core area than the peripheral area.In addition,the trip time has two significant peaks occurring in the morning and afternoon,and one trough in the midday.And trip spatial distribution is mainly within commute with both residence and employment in urban area and inward commute with residence in suburban area while employment in urban area.Both kinds of commutes direct to the urban area.The study also shows that the characteristics of private car travel are principally influenced by two aspects:travelers' attributes and urban characteristics.The main travelers' social and economic attributes influenced it include the gender,education attainment,age,driving experience and per capita monthly household income.The urban characteristics influenced it mainly cover the land use pattern,public traffic facilities and spatial attributes of residential environment.展开更多
Few studies have investigated the spatial patterns of the air temperature urban heat island(AUHI)and its controlling factors.In this study,the data generated by an urban climate model were used to investigate the spat...Few studies have investigated the spatial patterns of the air temperature urban heat island(AUHI)and its controlling factors.In this study,the data generated by an urban climate model were used to investigate the spatial variations of the AUHI across China and the underlying climate and ecological drivers.A total of 355 urban clusters were used.We performed an attribution analysis of the AUHI to elucidate the mechanisms underlying its formation.The results show that the midday AUHI is negatively correlated with climate wetness(humid:0.34 K;semi-humid:0.50 K;semi-arid:0.73 K).The annual mean midnight AUHI does not show discernible spatial patterns,but is generally stronger than the midday AUHI.The urban–rural difference in convection efficiency is the largest contributor to the midday AUHI in the humid(0.32±0.09 K)and the semi-arid(0.36±0.11 K)climate zones.The release of anthropogenic heat from urban land is the dominant contributor to the midnight AUHI in all three climate zones.The rural vegetation density is the most important driver of the daytime and nighttime AUHI spatial variations.A spatial covariance analysis revealed that this vegetation influence is manifested mainly through its regulation of heat storage in rural land.展开更多
Smoking induces substantial diseases burden on both individual and the whole society.To identify the true smoking-attributable economic loss, we introduce medical cost accounting as a means to calculate disease-specif...Smoking induces substantial diseases burden on both individual and the whole society.To identify the true smoking-attributable economic loss, we introduce medical cost accounting as a means to calculate disease-speciflc medical cost, including inpatient and outpatient cost of those diseases caused by smoking. Medical cost is defined as health fesource consumption in terms of money. Cost is allocated to departrpent and services according to coeffcient of benefit and operation time. The study in 1988 indicates that total smoking-attributable medical cost is 2.32 billion RMB Yuan in China, 1.70 billion RMB Yuan for outpatient, 0.62 billion RMB Yuan for inpatient. If indirect cost is included, the cost will be greater. Chronic obstructive emphysema has the highest proportion (55.41%) in smoking attributable medical cost展开更多
An urban traffic ecosystem is a spatial structure composed of air,population,vehicles,roads,green spaces,and regions.Traffic ecological resilience is a critical issue in high-quality urban development.From the perspec...An urban traffic ecosystem is a spatial structure composed of air,population,vehicles,roads,green spaces,and regions.Traffic ecological resilience is a critical issue in high-quality urban development.From the perspective of system optimization,it is important to study the level of urban traffic ecological resilience and analyze its influencing factors.In this study,we evaluated traffic ecological resilience,characterized its spatio-temporal differentiation,and explored its influencing factors by constructing a system of urban traffic ecological resilience and by analyzing the environmental protection and urban construction data in 31 Chinese cities during 2011-2018.By conducting Kernel density analysis,standard deviation ellipse,comprehensive weight determination,panel data regression analysis,andχ2test,we found that traffic ecological resilience was low on the whole and exhibited the temporal trend of“decreasing first and then increasing”and the spatial characteristic of“high in the east,second in the middle,and low in the west”.The cities with high traffic ecological resilience density values were located in Southeast China and tended to move from northwest to southeast.Governance capability,market activity,technological innovation capability,opening degree,and financial resources had significant effects on urban traffic ecological resilience.Finally,we gave some suggestions for improving the urban traffic ecological resilience in Chinese cities as well as other developing countries in the world.展开更多
A point zero represents a central geographical location of a city,which is essential for not only measuring distances,but also understanding the historical and/or cultural origin of a city.Although extensive studies h...A point zero represents a central geographical location of a city,which is essential for not only measuring distances,but also understanding the historical and/or cultural origin of a city.Although extensive studies have focused on delineating city centers,to our knowledge,no studies have paid attention to determining the location for a point zero.Here,our goal is to investigate various potential approaches for identifying such a location.Specifically,three typical approaches,geometric-based,topological-based,and thematic-based,are proposed to recommend point zeros and different scales,administrative divisions,kernel density sur-faces,and regions enclosed by ring roads are used for analysis.The effectiveness of different approaches and scales are evaluated and compared by calculating an offset distance between recommended and actual point zero locations in 20 Chinese cities.Using the different approaches,the average offset distance for most Chinese cities is 2-4 km,and the thematicbased approach performs best.Both the topological-based and thematic-based approaches are less sensitive to the analyzed scale than the geometric-based approach.The results indicate that it is possible to determine the approximate location for a point zero from geographical data.Based on the buffer zone of such a location,an actual point zero may further be recommended.展开更多
With the rise of smart phones,mobile applications have been widely used in daily life.However,the relationship between individuals’mobile application usage and cities’economic development has yet to be investigated....With the rise of smart phones,mobile applications have been widely used in daily life.However,the relationship between individuals’mobile application usage and cities’economic development has yet to be investigated.To study this question,this work utilizes a dataset containing users’history of mobile application usage records(MAURs)and investigates how MAURs are related to Chinese cities’economic development.Our analysis shows the cities’GDP and number of MAURs are highly correlated,and at the individual level,people in wealthier cities(higher GDP per capita)tend to have more active mobile application usage(MAURs per capita).The results also demonstrate the relevance between cities’GDP and MAURs varies significantly among different demographic groups,with male users’relevance consistently higher than female users’and working-age people’s relevance higher than other age groups.A boosted tree regression model is then applied to predict cities’GDP with MAURs and proves to achieve high goodness-of-fit(over 0.8 R-square)and good prediction accuracy,especially for the economically developed and populous regions in China.To the best of our knowledge,this is the first time that the relationship between MAURs and cities’economic development is revealed,which contributes to novel knowledge discovery for regionalization and urban development.展开更多
YichangTHE city of Yichang can attest that not all excit- ing sports are modern. Each year, it hosts the China Dragon Boat Rally, which draws teams from all over the country to compete in traditional dragon boat races.
At Yellow Crane Pavilion in the west My old friend says farewell In the mist and flowers of spring He goes down to Yangzhou These lines penned by Li Bai,the most famous poet in Tang Dynasty（618-907）,have aged well：...At Yellow Crane Pavilion in the west My old friend says farewell In the mist and flowers of spring He goes down to Yangzhou These lines penned by Li Bai,the most famous poet in Tang Dynasty（618-907）,have aged well：even in this era,it＇s a good idea to visit Yangzhou in the spring.Throughout all the ages,in fact,Chinese poets have lavishly praised Yangzhou in their writ-展开更多
Yan＇an JULY 1 is the rounding anniversary of the Communist Party of China （CPC）. For those interested in modern Chinese revolutionary history, Yah＇an in northern Shaanxi Province is a good travel destination durin...Yan＇an JULY 1 is the rounding anniversary of the Communist Party of China （CPC）. For those interested in modern Chinese revolutionary history, Yah＇an in northern Shaanxi Province is a good travel destination during this important anniversary.展开更多
UrumqiURUMQI, the capital of the Xinjiang Uygur Au- tonomous Region in northwest China, has a significant population of ethnic minorities. There are two major groups in the city - the Han and the Uygur - but Urumqi is...UrumqiURUMQI, the capital of the Xinjiang Uygur Au- tonomous Region in northwest China, has a significant population of ethnic minorities. There are two major groups in the city - the Han and the Uygur - but Urumqi is also home to Kazakhs, Kyrgyz, Mongols and Hui Muslims. The strong colorful ethnic lifestyles and local customs are quite attractive to visitors taking in the city＇s traditional architecture, food, clothing and festivals.展开更多
ACCORDING to the Chinese lunar calendar, Chinese people celebrate the Spring Festival in January 2012, which is earlier than usual. In modern Chinese cities, the festival＇s atmosphere has been fading in recent years....ACCORDING to the Chinese lunar calendar, Chinese people celebrate the Spring Festival in January 2012, which is earlier than usual. In modern Chinese cities, the festival＇s atmosphere has been fading in recent years. But for those who want to witness age-old celebrations in a traditional setting then the city of Pingyao is a perfect choice for tourists.展开更多
A burning town, or seeming so, Three thousand furnaces that glow Incessantly, and fill the air With smoke uprising, gyre on gyre, And painted by the lurid glare, Of jets and flashes of red fire.
ZhangjiajieALTHOUGH Guilin has always been the default option for foreign travelers touring China, in recent years more people have begun to recognize the charm of another scenic destination called Zhangjiajie, a city...ZhangjiajieALTHOUGH Guilin has always been the default option for foreign travelers touring China, in recent years more people have begun to recognize the charm of another scenic destination called Zhangjiajie, a city with spectacular views located on the northwestern border of Hunan Province.展开更多
LOCATED in the northwest of southwest China＇s Yunnan Province, Lijiang has two faces - one scenic, and the other urban. Its multifaceted nature makes it a perfect Valentine＇s Day destination for sun-seeking couples ...LOCATED in the northwest of southwest China＇s Yunnan Province, Lijiang has two faces - one scenic, and the other urban. Its multifaceted nature makes it a perfect Valentine＇s Day destination for sun-seeking couples and singles alike.展开更多
Changsha APPRECIATING red maples during their peak of color is one of the most sought-after activities in many East Asian countries, During the fail foliage season, travelers deluge spots with picturesques views of t...Changsha APPRECIATING red maples during their peak of color is one of the most sought-after activities in many East Asian countries, During the fail foliage season, travelers deluge spots with picturesques views of the colorful favorites. In China, the most famous of these coveted spots is Yuelu Mountain in Changsha City.展开更多
TAI＇AN is optimal destination for people traveling through China in October. The autumn month marks when Chongyang （Double Ninth）, an important traditional Chinese festival, is typically celebrated. The festival is...TAI＇AN is optimal destination for people traveling through China in October. The autumn month marks when Chongyang （Double Ninth）, an important traditional Chinese festival, is typically celebrated. The festival is observed on the ninth day of the ninth month, according to the Chinese calendar, and is a time to remember and pay tribute to family ancestors.展开更多
FOR those who want to tour the largest city in northeast China,September is a perfect time.On August 31.the 12th National Games opened in Shenyang.In addition to watching the games,visitors can explore the city,which ...FOR those who want to tour the largest city in northeast China,September is a perfect time.On August 31.the 12th National Games opened in Shenyang.In addition to watching the games,visitors can explore the city,which has a history spanning more than 2,000 years. Shenyang＇s history can be traced back as far as the Warring States Period（476 BC - 221 BC）.It＇s famous as the birthplace of the Qing Dynasty（1644-1911）,China＇s last dynasty.In 1625, Nurhachi,the first Qing emperor,established the capital in Shenyang,and changed its name to ＂Shengjing.＂ As a result,Shenyang houses one of China＇s two best-preserved imperial palace complexes and two emperor tombs.展开更多
Shenzhen FOR art enthusiasts,Shenzhen,located in southern Guangdong Province,is a prime December destination. The city-wide festival "Creative December" this month features more than 40 events,including an a...Shenzhen FOR art enthusiasts,Shenzhen,located in southern Guangdong Province,is a prime December destination. The city-wide festival "Creative December" this month features more than 40 events,including an art market,exhibitions and design contests.As the center of China’s design in-展开更多
The '2011 Amazing China-The Most Attractive Chinese Cities for Foreigners,' an online poll for foreigners to choose their favorite cities,invites all interested foreigners to cast their votes.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.41671180)the Shenzhen Technology Plan (No.JCYJ20170412150910443)。
文摘From 2000 to 2010 China experienced rapid economic development and urbanization.Many cities in economically developed areas have developed from a single-center status to polycentricity.In this study,we used exploratory spatial data analysis (ESDA) to identify the population centers,which identified 232 cities in China as having urban centers.COMP was used to represent urban agglomeration,and POLYD (representing how far is the city’s sub-centers to the main center),POLYC (representing the number of a city’s centers),and POLYP (representing the population distributed between the main center and the sub-centers) were used to indicate urban polycentricity.Night light data were used to determine the CO2 emissions from various cities in China.A mixed model was used to study the impact of urban aggregation and polycentric data on the CO2 emission efficiency in 2000 and 2010.The study found that cities with higher compactness were distributed in coastal areas,and the cities with higher multicentricity were distributed in the Yangtze River Delta and Shandong Province.The more compact the city was,the less conducive it was to improving CO2 emission efficiency.Polycentric development of the city was conducive to improving the CO2 emission efficiency,but the number of urban centers had no significant relationship with the CO2 emission efficiency.Our research showed that the compactness and multicentricity of the city had an impact on the CO2 emission efficiency and provided some planning suggestions for the low carbon development of the city.
基金Under the auspices of National Natural Science Foundation of China (No 40571052,40301014)
文摘Taking Guangzhou as a case,this paper adopted a questionnaire survey to gather first-hand data and analyzed the characteristics and influencing factors of private car travel in Chinese cities.As the research indicated,trip purposes of private car travel are mainly commute and business affairs with a more flexible trip in the urban core area.And trip intensities are concentrated in a certain extent,with trip frequency being lower in the urban core area than the peripheral area.In addition,the trip time has two significant peaks occurring in the morning and afternoon,and one trough in the midday.And trip spatial distribution is mainly within commute with both residence and employment in urban area and inward commute with residence in suburban area while employment in urban area.Both kinds of commutes direct to the urban area.The study also shows that the characteristics of private car travel are principally influenced by two aspects:travelers' attributes and urban characteristics.The main travelers' social and economic attributes influenced it include the gender,education attainment,age,driving experience and per capita monthly household income.The urban characteristics influenced it mainly cover the land use pattern,public traffic facilities and spatial attributes of residential environment.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China (Grant No.2019YFA0607202)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 42021004 and 42005143)+2 种基金support by the Postgraduate Research&Practice Innovation Program of Jiangsu Province (Grant No. KYCX21_0978)support by the Open Research Fund Program of the Key Laboratory of Urban Meteorology,China Meteorological Administration (Grant No. LUM-2023-12)the 333 Project of Jiangsu Province (Grant No. BRA2022023)
文摘Few studies have investigated the spatial patterns of the air temperature urban heat island(AUHI)and its controlling factors.In this study,the data generated by an urban climate model were used to investigate the spatial variations of the AUHI across China and the underlying climate and ecological drivers.A total of 355 urban clusters were used.We performed an attribution analysis of the AUHI to elucidate the mechanisms underlying its formation.The results show that the midday AUHI is negatively correlated with climate wetness(humid:0.34 K;semi-humid:0.50 K;semi-arid:0.73 K).The annual mean midnight AUHI does not show discernible spatial patterns,but is generally stronger than the midday AUHI.The urban–rural difference in convection efficiency is the largest contributor to the midday AUHI in the humid(0.32±0.09 K)and the semi-arid(0.36±0.11 K)climate zones.The release of anthropogenic heat from urban land is the dominant contributor to the midnight AUHI in all three climate zones.The rural vegetation density is the most important driver of the daytime and nighttime AUHI spatial variations.A spatial covariance analysis revealed that this vegetation influence is manifested mainly through its regulation of heat storage in rural land.
文摘Smoking induces substantial diseases burden on both individual and the whole society.To identify the true smoking-attributable economic loss, we introduce medical cost accounting as a means to calculate disease-speciflc medical cost, including inpatient and outpatient cost of those diseases caused by smoking. Medical cost is defined as health fesource consumption in terms of money. Cost is allocated to departrpent and services according to coeffcient of benefit and operation time. The study in 1988 indicates that total smoking-attributable medical cost is 2.32 billion RMB Yuan in China, 1.70 billion RMB Yuan for outpatient, 0.62 billion RMB Yuan for inpatient. If indirect cost is included, the cost will be greater. Chronic obstructive emphysema has the highest proportion (55.41%) in smoking attributable medical cost
文摘An urban traffic ecosystem is a spatial structure composed of air,population,vehicles,roads,green spaces,and regions.Traffic ecological resilience is a critical issue in high-quality urban development.From the perspective of system optimization,it is important to study the level of urban traffic ecological resilience and analyze its influencing factors.In this study,we evaluated traffic ecological resilience,characterized its spatio-temporal differentiation,and explored its influencing factors by constructing a system of urban traffic ecological resilience and by analyzing the environmental protection and urban construction data in 31 Chinese cities during 2011-2018.By conducting Kernel density analysis,standard deviation ellipse,comprehensive weight determination,panel data regression analysis,andχ2test,we found that traffic ecological resilience was low on the whole and exhibited the temporal trend of“decreasing first and then increasing”and the spatial characteristic of“high in the east,second in the middle,and low in the west”.The cities with high traffic ecological resilience density values were located in Southeast China and tended to move from northwest to southeast.Governance capability,market activity,technological innovation capability,opening degree,and financial resources had significant effects on urban traffic ecological resilience.Finally,we gave some suggestions for improving the urban traffic ecological resilience in Chinese cities as well as other developing countries in the world.
基金This project was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China[grant number 41771428]Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,China University of Geosciences(Wuhan)[grant number CUGESIW1801]We wish to thank Mr.Saisai Zhao and Ms.Shijia Sun for their technical supports on data processing,and the anonymous reviewers whose comments have greatly improved this paper.
文摘A point zero represents a central geographical location of a city,which is essential for not only measuring distances,but also understanding the historical and/or cultural origin of a city.Although extensive studies have focused on delineating city centers,to our knowledge,no studies have paid attention to determining the location for a point zero.Here,our goal is to investigate various potential approaches for identifying such a location.Specifically,three typical approaches,geometric-based,topological-based,and thematic-based,are proposed to recommend point zeros and different scales,administrative divisions,kernel density sur-faces,and regions enclosed by ring roads are used for analysis.The effectiveness of different approaches and scales are evaluated and compared by calculating an offset distance between recommended and actual point zero locations in 20 Chinese cities.Using the different approaches,the average offset distance for most Chinese cities is 2-4 km,and the thematicbased approach performs best.Both the topological-based and thematic-based approaches are less sensitive to the analyzed scale than the geometric-based approach.The results indicate that it is possible to determine the approximate location for a point zero from geographical data.Based on the buffer zone of such a location,an actual point zero may further be recommended.
基金Wuhan University State Key Laboratory of Information Engineering in Surveying Mapping and Remote Sensing,No.21S02。
文摘With the rise of smart phones,mobile applications have been widely used in daily life.However,the relationship between individuals’mobile application usage and cities’economic development has yet to be investigated.To study this question,this work utilizes a dataset containing users’history of mobile application usage records(MAURs)and investigates how MAURs are related to Chinese cities’economic development.Our analysis shows the cities’GDP and number of MAURs are highly correlated,and at the individual level,people in wealthier cities(higher GDP per capita)tend to have more active mobile application usage(MAURs per capita).The results also demonstrate the relevance between cities’GDP and MAURs varies significantly among different demographic groups,with male users’relevance consistently higher than female users’and working-age people’s relevance higher than other age groups.A boosted tree regression model is then applied to predict cities’GDP with MAURs and proves to achieve high goodness-of-fit(over 0.8 R-square)and good prediction accuracy,especially for the economically developed and populous regions in China.To the best of our knowledge,this is the first time that the relationship between MAURs and cities’economic development is revealed,which contributes to novel knowledge discovery for regionalization and urban development.
文摘YichangTHE city of Yichang can attest that not all excit- ing sports are modern. Each year, it hosts the China Dragon Boat Rally, which draws teams from all over the country to compete in traditional dragon boat races.
文摘At Yellow Crane Pavilion in the west My old friend says farewell In the mist and flowers of spring He goes down to Yangzhou These lines penned by Li Bai,the most famous poet in Tang Dynasty（618-907）,have aged well：even in this era,it＇s a good idea to visit Yangzhou in the spring.Throughout all the ages,in fact,Chinese poets have lavishly praised Yangzhou in their writ-
文摘Yan＇an JULY 1 is the rounding anniversary of the Communist Party of China （CPC）. For those interested in modern Chinese revolutionary history, Yah＇an in northern Shaanxi Province is a good travel destination during this important anniversary.
文摘UrumqiURUMQI, the capital of the Xinjiang Uygur Au- tonomous Region in northwest China, has a significant population of ethnic minorities. There are two major groups in the city - the Han and the Uygur - but Urumqi is also home to Kazakhs, Kyrgyz, Mongols and Hui Muslims. The strong colorful ethnic lifestyles and local customs are quite attractive to visitors taking in the city＇s traditional architecture, food, clothing and festivals.
文摘ACCORDING to the Chinese lunar calendar, Chinese people celebrate the Spring Festival in January 2012, which is earlier than usual. In modern Chinese cities, the festival＇s atmosphere has been fading in recent years. But for those who want to witness age-old celebrations in a traditional setting then the city of Pingyao is a perfect choice for tourists.
文摘A burning town, or seeming so, Three thousand furnaces that glow Incessantly, and fill the air With smoke uprising, gyre on gyre, And painted by the lurid glare, Of jets and flashes of red fire.
文摘ZhangjiajieALTHOUGH Guilin has always been the default option for foreign travelers touring China, in recent years more people have begun to recognize the charm of another scenic destination called Zhangjiajie, a city with spectacular views located on the northwestern border of Hunan Province.
文摘LOCATED in the northwest of southwest China＇s Yunnan Province, Lijiang has two faces - one scenic, and the other urban. Its multifaceted nature makes it a perfect Valentine＇s Day destination for sun-seeking couples and singles alike.
文摘Changsha APPRECIATING red maples during their peak of color is one of the most sought-after activities in many East Asian countries, During the fail foliage season, travelers deluge spots with picturesques views of the colorful favorites. In China, the most famous of these coveted spots is Yuelu Mountain in Changsha City.
文摘TAI＇AN is optimal destination for people traveling through China in October. The autumn month marks when Chongyang （Double Ninth）, an important traditional Chinese festival, is typically celebrated. The festival is observed on the ninth day of the ninth month, according to the Chinese calendar, and is a time to remember and pay tribute to family ancestors.
文摘FOR those who want to tour the largest city in northeast China,September is a perfect time.On August 31.the 12th National Games opened in Shenyang.In addition to watching the games,visitors can explore the city,which has a history spanning more than 2,000 years. Shenyang＇s history can be traced back as far as the Warring States Period（476 BC - 221 BC）.It＇s famous as the birthplace of the Qing Dynasty（1644-1911）,China＇s last dynasty.In 1625, Nurhachi,the first Qing emperor,established the capital in Shenyang,and changed its name to ＂Shengjing.＂ As a result,Shenyang houses one of China＇s two best-preserved imperial palace complexes and two emperor tombs.
文摘Shenzhen FOR art enthusiasts,Shenzhen,located in southern Guangdong Province,is a prime December destination. The city-wide festival "Creative December" this month features more than 40 events,including an art market,exhibitions and design contests.As the center of China’s design in-
文摘The '2011 Amazing China-The Most Attractive Chinese Cities for Foreigners,' an online poll for foreigners to choose their favorite cities,invites all interested foreigners to cast their votes.
