In this paper, in Section 1, we have described some equations and theorems concerning the Lebesgue integral and the Lebesgue measure. In Section 2, we have described the possible mathematical applications, of Lebesgue...In this paper, in Section 1, we have described some equations and theorems concerning the Lebesgue integral and the Lebesgue measure. In Section 2, we have described the possible mathematical applications, of Lebesgue integration, in some equations concerning various sectors of Chern-Simons theory and Yang-Mills gauge theory, precisely the two dimensional quantum Yang-Mills theory. In conclusion, in Section 3, we have described also the possible mathematical connections with some sectors of String Theory and Number Theory, principally with some equations concerning the Ramanujan’s modular equations that are related to the physical vibrations of the bosonic strings and of the superstrings, some Ramanujan’s identities concerning π and the zeta strings.展开更多
The Chern-Simons theory in two-space one-time dimensions is quantized on the light-front under appropriate gauge-fixing conditions using the Hamiltonian, path integral and BRST formulations.
In this paper, spinor and vector decompositions of SU（2） gauge potential are presented and their equivalence is constructed using a simply proposal. We also obtain the action of Faddeev nonlinear 0（3） sigma model ...In this paper, spinor and vector decompositions of SU（2） gauge potential are presented and their equivalence is constructed using a simply proposal. We also obtain the action of Faddeev nonlinear 0（3） sigma model from the SU（2） mass/ve gauge field theory, which is proposed according to the gauge invariant principle. At last, the knot structure in SU（2） Chern-Simons filed theory is discussed in terms of the Φ-mapping topological current theory, The topological charge of the knot is characterized by the Hopf indices and the Brouwer degrees of Φ-mapping.展开更多
The Weyl double copy builds the relation between gauge theory and gravity theory, in particular the correspondence between gauge solutions and gravity solutions. In this paper, we obtain the slowly rotating charge sol...The Weyl double copy builds the relation between gauge theory and gravity theory, in particular the correspondence between gauge solutions and gravity solutions. In this paper, we obtain the slowly rotating charge solutions from the Weyl double copy for the Kerr black hole with small Chern-Simons correction. Based on the Weyl double copy relation, for the Petrov type D solution in Chern-Simons modified gravity, we find the additional correction to the electromagnetic field strength tensor of the rotating charge. For the Petrov type I solution, we find that the additional electromagnetic field strength tensors have external sources, while the total sources vanish at the leading order.展开更多
BACKGROUND Patients with depression following coronary heart disease often exhibit insufficient psychological resilience and self-care abilities;therefore,emphasis must be placed on nursing interventions.AIM To analyz...BACKGROUND Patients with depression following coronary heart disease often exhibit insufficient psychological resilience and self-care abilities;therefore,emphasis must be placed on nursing interventions.AIM To analyze the application value of problem-oriented education combined with nursing interventions based on the Snyder hope theory model in depressed patients after percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI).METHODS This study included 150 patients diagnosed with PCI postoperative depression because of coronary heart disease between February 2022 and February 2024.Participants were divided into two groups:A control group(n=75)receiving problem-oriented education and an observation group(n=75)receiving combined nursing interventions based on the Snyder hope theory model.Depression status,psychological resilience,self-care ability,and quality of life were compared between the two groups.RESULTS Before nursing interventions,there were no significant differences between the two groups(P>0.05).After the interventions,depression scores decreased while psychological resilience,self-care ability,and quality of life scores increased significantly in the observation group compared to that in the control group,with statistically significant differences noted(P<0.05).This combined approach can enhance psychological resilience,improve self-care abilities,and elevate the overall quality of life,warranting further promotion in clinical practice.CONCLUSION Combination of problem-oriented education and nursing interventions based on the Snyder hope theory model effectively alleviates depression in patients following PCI for coronary heart disease.展开更多
Flexoelectricity refers to the link between electrical polarization and strain gradient fields in piezoelectric materials,particularly at the nano-scale.The present investigation aims to comprehensively focus on the s...Flexoelectricity refers to the link between electrical polarization and strain gradient fields in piezoelectric materials,particularly at the nano-scale.The present investigation aims to comprehensively focus on the static bending analysis of a piezoelectric sandwich functionally graded porous(FGP)double-curved shallow nanoshell based on the flexoelectric effect and nonlocal strain gradient theory.Two coefficients that reduce or increase the stiffness of the nanoshell,including nonlocal and length-scale parameters,are considered to change along the nanoshell thickness direction,and three different porosity rules are novel points in this study.The nanoshell structure is placed on a Pasternak elastic foundation and is made up of three separate layers of material.The outermost layers consist of piezoelectric smart material with flexoelectric effects,while the core layer is composed of FGP material.Hamilton’s principle was used in conjunction with a unique refined higher-order shear deformation theory to derive general equilibrium equations that provide more precise outcomes.The Navier and Galerkin-Vlasov methodology is used to get the static bending characteristics of nanoshells that have various boundary conditions.The program’s correctness is assessed by comparison with published dependable findings in specific instances of the model described in the article.In addition,the influence of parameters such as flexoelectric effect,nonlocal and length scale parameters,elastic foundation stiffness coefficient,porosity coefficient,and boundary conditions on the static bending response of the nanoshell is detected and comprehensively studied.The findings of this study have practical implications for the efficient design and control of comparable systems,such as micro-electromechanical and nano-electromechanical devices.展开更多
We study the topology of Nielsen-Olesen's local field theory of single dual string.Based on the Chern-Simons field theory in three dimensons,we find many strings that can form world sheets in four dimensions.These...We study the topology of Nielsen-Olesen's local field theory of single dual string.Based on the Chern-Simons field theory in three dimensons,we find many strings that can form world sheets in four dimensions.These stringshave important relation to the zero point of the complex scalar field.These world sheets of strings can be expressed bythe topological invariant number,Hopf index,and Brower degree.Nambu-Goto's action is obtained from the Nielsen'saction definitely by using φ-mapping theory.展开更多
We study the approaches to two-dimensional integrable field theories via a six-dimensional(6 D) holomorphic Chern-Simons theory defined on twistor space. Under symmetry reduction, it reduces to a 4 D Chern-Simons theo...We study the approaches to two-dimensional integrable field theories via a six-dimensional(6 D) holomorphic Chern-Simons theory defined on twistor space. Under symmetry reduction, it reduces to a 4 D Chern-Simons theory, while under solving along fibres it leads to a four-dimensional(4 D) integrable theory, the anti-self-dual Yang-Mills or its generalizations. From both 4 D theories, various two-dimensional integrable field theories can be obtained. In this work, we try to investigate several twodimensional integrable deformations in this framework. We find that the λ-deformation, the rational η-deformation, and the generalized λ-deformation can not be realized from the 4 D integrable model approach, even though they could be obtained from the 4 D Chern-Simons theory. The obstacle stems from the incompatibility between the symmetry reduction and the boundary conditions. Nevertheless, we show that a coupled theory of the λ-deformation and the η-deformation in the trigonometric description could be obtained from the 6 D theory in both ways, by considering the case that(3, 0)-form in the 6 D theory is allowed to have zeros.展开更多
The paper is devoted to the study of the gravitational collapse within the framework of the spherically symmetric problem in the Newton theory and general relativity on the basis of the pressure-free model of the cont...The paper is devoted to the study of the gravitational collapse within the framework of the spherically symmetric problem in the Newton theory and general relativity on the basis of the pressure-free model of the continuum. In application to the Newton gravitation theory, the analysis consists of three stages. First, we assume that the gravitational force is determined by the initial sphere radius and constant density and does not change in the process of the sphere collapse. The obtained analytical solution allows us to find the collapse time in the first approximation. Second, we construct the step-by-step process in which the gravitational force at a given time moment depends on the current sphere radius and density. The obtained numerical solution specifies the collapse time depending on the number of steps. Third, we find the exact value of the collapse time which is the limit of the step-by-step solutions and study the collapse and the expansion processes in the Newton theory. In application to general relativity, we use the space model corresponding to the special four-dimensional space which is Euclidean with respect to space coordinates and Riemannian with respect to the time coordinate only. The obtained solution specifies two possible scenarios. First, sphere contraction results in the infinitely high density with the finite collapse time, which does not coincide with the conventional result corresponding to the Schwarzschild geometry. Second, sphere expansion with the velocity which increases with a distance from the sphere center and decreases with time.展开更多
Based on the decomposition theory of the U（1） gauge potential, the inner structure of the statistical gauge potential in the Chern-Simons-Ginzburg-Landau （CSGL） theory is studied. We give a new creation mechanism ...Based on the decomposition theory of the U（1） gauge potential, the inner structure of the statistical gauge potential in the Chern-Simons-Ginzburg-Landau （CSGL） theory is studied. We give a new creation mechanism of the statistical gauge potential, Furthermore, making use of the b-mapping topological current theory, we obtain the precise topological expression of the statistical magnetic field, which takes the topological information of the vortices.展开更多
We have examined the theoretical implications of combining two main and three auxiliary ligands to form several Ir(Ⅲ)complexes featuring a transition metal as their core atom to identify some appropriate organic ligh...We have examined the theoretical implications of combining two main and three auxiliary ligands to form several Ir(Ⅲ)complexes featuring a transition metal as their core atom to identify some appropriate organic lightemitting diode(OLED)materials.By utilizing electronic structure,frontier molecular orbitals,minimum single-line absorption,triplet excited states,and emission spectral data derived from the density functional theory,the usefulness of these Ir(Ⅲ)complexes,including(piq)_(2)Ir(acac),(piq)_(2)Ir(tmd),(piq)_(2)Ir(tpip),(fpiq)_(2)Ir(acac),(fpiq)_(2)Ir(tmd),and(fpiq)_(2)Ir(tpip),in OLEDs was examined,where piq=1-phenylisoquinoline,fpiq=1-(4-fluorophenyl)isoquinoline,acac=(3Z)-4-hydroxypent-3-en-2-one,tmd=(4Z)-5-hydroxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylhept-4-en-3-one,and tpip=tetraphenylimido-diphosphonate.These complexes all have low-efficiency roll-off properties,especially(fpiq)_(2)Ir(tpip).Some researchers have successfully synthesized complexes extremely similar to(piq)_(2)Ir(acac)through the Suzuki-Miyaura coupling reaction.展开更多
By adopting stochastic density functional theory(SDFT)and mixed stochastic-deterministic density functional theory(MDFT)methods,we perform first-principles calculations to predict the shock Hugoniot curves of boron(pr...By adopting stochastic density functional theory(SDFT)and mixed stochastic-deterministic density functional theory(MDFT)methods,we perform first-principles calculations to predict the shock Hugoniot curves of boron(pressure P=7.9×10^(3)-1.6×10^(6) GPa and temperature T=25-2800 eV),silicon(P=2.6×10^(3)-7.9×10^(5) GPa and T=21.5-1393 eV),and aluminum(P=5.2×10^(3)-9.0×10^(5) GPa and T=25-1393 eV)over wide ranges of pressure and temperature.In particular,we systematically investigate the impact of different cutoff radii in norm-conserving pseudopotentials on the calculated properties at elevated temperatures,such as pressure,ionization energy,and equation of state.By comparing the SDFT and MDFT results with those of other first-principles methods,such as extended first-principles molecular dynamics and path integral Monte Carlo methods,we find that the SDFT and MDFT methods show satisfactory precision,which advances our understanding of first-principles methods when applied to studies of matter at extremely high pressures and temperatures.展开更多
Objective: To explore the effect of Health Action Process Approach (HAPA) theory in patients with type D personality psoriasis. Methods: A total of 66 patients with type D personality psoriasis admitted to the dermato...Objective: To explore the effect of Health Action Process Approach (HAPA) theory in patients with type D personality psoriasis. Methods: A total of 66 patients with type D personality psoriasis admitted to the dermatology department of a top-three hospital in Jingzhou City from November 2022 to July 2023 were selected and divided into control group and test group with 33 cases in each group by random number table method. The control group received routine health education, and the experimental group received health education based on the HAPA theory. Chronic disease self-efficacy scale, hospital anxiety and depression scale and skin disease quality of life scale were used to evaluate the effect of intervention. Results: After 3 months of intervention, the scores of self-efficacy in experimental group were higher than those in control group (P P Conclusion: Health education based on the theory of HAPA can enhance the self-efficacy of patients with type D personality psoriasis, relieve negative emotions and improve their quality of life.展开更多
This paper focuses on English homework design in compulsory education under the“Double Reduction”policy.It first analyzes the research background and significance,reviews relevant literature at home and abroad,and p...This paper focuses on English homework design in compulsory education under the“Double Reduction”policy.It first analyzes the research background and significance,reviews relevant literature at home and abroad,and points out existing problems.Then,based on constructivist learning theory,multiple intelligences theory,and formative assessment theory,it proposes design principles like reducing burden and increasing efficiency,and design strategies such as layered design.Although the research has limitations,it provides theoretical and practical references for English education reform.展开更多
In quantum droplets,the mean-field energy is comparable to the Lee-Huang-Yang(LHY)energy.In the Bogoliubov theory,the LHY energy of a quantum droplet has an imaginary part,which has been neglected in most studies for ...In quantum droplets,the mean-field energy is comparable to the Lee-Huang-Yang(LHY)energy.In the Bogoliubov theory,the LHY energy of a quantum droplet has an imaginary part,which has been neglected in most studies for practical purposes.Thus far,most theoretical studies on quantum droplets have been based on the extended Gross-Pitaevskii(GP)equation,which includes the contribution of the LHY energy to the chemical potential.In this article,we present the density-functional theory of quantum droplets.In our approach,the quantum fluctuations in quantum droplets,as described by an effective action,generate a real correlation energy that can be determined consistently.Using density-functional theory,we calculated the energy,quantum depletion fraction,and excitations of the droplet.Our results for the ground-state energy and quantum depletion fractions were consistent with the Monte Carlo results.We also discuss the implications of our theory.展开更多
Most developing countries continue to face challenges in accessing sustainable energy.This study investigates a solar panel and battery-powered system for an urban off-grid microgrid in Nigeria,where demand-sideflexib...Most developing countries continue to face challenges in accessing sustainable energy.This study investigates a solar panel and battery-powered system for an urban off-grid microgrid in Nigeria,where demand-sideflexibility and strategic interactions between households and utilities can optimize system sizing.A nonlinear programming model is built using bilevel problem formulation that incorporates both the households’willingness to reduce their energy consumption and the utility’s agreement to provide price rebates.The results show that,for an energy community of 10 households with annual energy demand of 7.8 MWh,an oversized solar-storage system is required(12 kWp of photovoltaic solar panels and 26 kWh of battery storage).The calculated average cost of 0.31€/kWh is three times higher than the current tariff,making it unaffordable for most Nigerian households.To address this,the utility company could implement Demand Response programs with direct load control that delay the use of certain appliances,such as fans,irons and air conditioners.If these measures reduce total demand by 5%,both the required system size and overall costs could decrease significantly,by approximately one-third.This adjustment leads to a reduced tariffof 0.20€/kWh.When Demand Response is imple-mented through negotiation between the utility and households,the amount of load-shaving achieved is lower.This is because house-holds experience discomfort from curtailment and are generally less willing to provideflexibility.However,negotiation allows for greaterflexibility than direct control,due to dynamic interactions and more active consumer participation in the energy transition.Nonetheless,tariffs remain higher than current market prices.Off-grid contracts could become competitive iffinancial support is pro-vided,such as low-interest loans and capital grants covering up to 75%of the upfront cost.展开更多
In the present paper,we give a systematic study of the discrete correspondence the-ory and topological correspondence theory of modal meet-implication logic and moda1 meet-semilattice logic,in the semantics provided i...In the present paper,we give a systematic study of the discrete correspondence the-ory and topological correspondence theory of modal meet-implication logic and moda1 meet-semilattice logic,in the semantics provided in[21].The special features of the present paper include the following three points:the first one is that the semantic structure used is based on a semilattice rather than an ordinary partial order,the second one is that the propositional vari-ables are interpreted as filters rather than upsets,and the nominals,which are the“first-order counterparts of propositional variables,are interpreted as principal filters rather than principal upsets;the third one is that in topological correspondence theory,the collection of admissi-ble valuations is not closed under taking disjunction,which makes the proof of the topological Ackermann 1emma different from existing settings.展开更多
Objective:Based on the CNKI database,this study analyzes the current research status and hotspots of the Timing it Right(TIR)Theory in China,providing insights and references for its further development in the field o...Objective:Based on the CNKI database,this study analyzes the current research status and hotspots of the Timing it Right(TIR)Theory in China,providing insights and references for its further development in the field of nursing.Methods:Using bibliometric methods and Citespace software,this study conducts a statistical and visual analysis of publications on TIR Theory from CNKI,focusing on annual publication volumes,author collaboration networks,high-frequency keywords,and emergent terms.Results:The study statistically analyzed the time distribution and research hotspots of 117 relevant papers.The annual publication volume shows a gradual upward trend,though the overall volume remains low.High-frequency keywords such as“family nursing,”“quality of life,”“acute myocardial infarction,”and“stroke”form the core research themes.Conclusion:Research on TIR Theory in China’s nursing field is still in the exploratory stage,and its attention and emphasis need to be enhanced.As it aligns with modern medical models,its application scope in nursing is expanding,promoting the high-quality,scientific,and diversified development of nursing services in China.展开更多
This article centers on The Call of the Wild,an English novel by American author Jack London,alongside two Chinese translations by Dajie Liu and Menglin Zhang,and Rongyue Liu.Seventy sentences containing motion events...This article centers on The Call of the Wild,an English novel by American author Jack London,alongside two Chinese translations by Dajie Liu and Menglin Zhang,and Rongyue Liu.Seventy sentences containing motion events and their corresponding translations were randomly selected for analysis.The study focuses on the primary elements of motion events-manner,path,and ground-and examines their Chinese translations through the lens of Skopos theory.Skopos theory emphasizes whether translators can adopt appropriate translation strategies according to various contextual factors during the translation process.Compared to verb-framed languages,satellite-framed languages possess a richer vocabulary for manner verbs,express more detailed manner information,use more satellite words to indicate paths,and incorporate more background information.Verb-framed languages,by contrast,typically express manner information only when necessary and tend to include less background information.The analysis reveals that both Chinese translations embody the core principle of Skopos theory:translation strategies are determined by their purpose.To fulfill the novel’s translation objectives,the translators adeptly adjust their strategies for motion event components based on different contextual needs.It is noted that the Chinese translations do not fully retain the characteristics of English as a typical satellite-framed language.This observation aligns with Skopos theory’s purpose-oriented approach,which prioritizes translation goals over strict adherence to source text characteristics.展开更多
文摘In this paper, in Section 1, we have described some equations and theorems concerning the Lebesgue integral and the Lebesgue measure. In Section 2, we have described the possible mathematical applications, of Lebesgue integration, in some equations concerning various sectors of Chern-Simons theory and Yang-Mills gauge theory, precisely the two dimensional quantum Yang-Mills theory. In conclusion, in Section 3, we have described also the possible mathematical connections with some sectors of String Theory and Number Theory, principally with some equations concerning the Ramanujan’s modular equations that are related to the physical vibrations of the bosonic strings and of the superstrings, some Ramanujan’s identities concerning π and the zeta strings.
文摘The Chern-Simons theory in two-space one-time dimensions is quantized on the light-front under appropriate gauge-fixing conditions using the Hamiltonian, path integral and BRST formulations.
基金＊The project supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China and the Doctoral Foundation of the Ministry of Education of China
文摘In this paper, spinor and vector decompositions of SU（2） gauge potential are presented and their equivalence is constructed using a simply proposal. We also obtain the action of Faddeev nonlinear 0（3） sigma model from the SU（2） mass/ve gauge field theory, which is proposed according to the gauge invariant principle. At last, the knot structure in SU（2） Chern-Simons filed theory is discussed in terms of the Φ-mapping topological current theory, The topological charge of the knot is characterized by the Hopf indices and the Brouwer degrees of Φ-mapping.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (No. 2023YFC2206200)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.12375059)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities。
文摘The Weyl double copy builds the relation between gauge theory and gravity theory, in particular the correspondence between gauge solutions and gravity solutions. In this paper, we obtain the slowly rotating charge solutions from the Weyl double copy for the Kerr black hole with small Chern-Simons correction. Based on the Weyl double copy relation, for the Petrov type D solution in Chern-Simons modified gravity, we find the additional correction to the electromagnetic field strength tensor of the rotating charge. For the Petrov type I solution, we find that the additional electromagnetic field strength tensors have external sources, while the total sources vanish at the leading order.
文摘BACKGROUND Patients with depression following coronary heart disease often exhibit insufficient psychological resilience and self-care abilities;therefore,emphasis must be placed on nursing interventions.AIM To analyze the application value of problem-oriented education combined with nursing interventions based on the Snyder hope theory model in depressed patients after percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI).METHODS This study included 150 patients diagnosed with PCI postoperative depression because of coronary heart disease between February 2022 and February 2024.Participants were divided into two groups:A control group(n=75)receiving problem-oriented education and an observation group(n=75)receiving combined nursing interventions based on the Snyder hope theory model.Depression status,psychological resilience,self-care ability,and quality of life were compared between the two groups.RESULTS Before nursing interventions,there were no significant differences between the two groups(P>0.05).After the interventions,depression scores decreased while psychological resilience,self-care ability,and quality of life scores increased significantly in the observation group compared to that in the control group,with statistically significant differences noted(P<0.05).This combined approach can enhance psychological resilience,improve self-care abilities,and elevate the overall quality of life,warranting further promotion in clinical practice.CONCLUSION Combination of problem-oriented education and nursing interventions based on the Snyder hope theory model effectively alleviates depression in patients following PCI for coronary heart disease.
基金This work was supported by the Le Quy Don Technical University Research Fund(Grant No.23.1.11).
文摘Flexoelectricity refers to the link between electrical polarization and strain gradient fields in piezoelectric materials,particularly at the nano-scale.The present investigation aims to comprehensively focus on the static bending analysis of a piezoelectric sandwich functionally graded porous(FGP)double-curved shallow nanoshell based on the flexoelectric effect and nonlocal strain gradient theory.Two coefficients that reduce or increase the stiffness of the nanoshell,including nonlocal and length-scale parameters,are considered to change along the nanoshell thickness direction,and three different porosity rules are novel points in this study.The nanoshell structure is placed on a Pasternak elastic foundation and is made up of three separate layers of material.The outermost layers consist of piezoelectric smart material with flexoelectric effects,while the core layer is composed of FGP material.Hamilton’s principle was used in conjunction with a unique refined higher-order shear deformation theory to derive general equilibrium equations that provide more precise outcomes.The Navier and Galerkin-Vlasov methodology is used to get the static bending characteristics of nanoshells that have various boundary conditions.The program’s correctness is assessed by comparison with published dependable findings in specific instances of the model described in the article.In addition,the influence of parameters such as flexoelectric effect,nonlocal and length scale parameters,elastic foundation stiffness coefficient,porosity coefficient,and boundary conditions on the static bending response of the nanoshell is detected and comprehensively studied.The findings of this study have practical implications for the efficient design and control of comparable systems,such as micro-electromechanical and nano-electromechanical devices.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China and the Doctor Education Fund of the Ministry of China
文摘We study the topology of Nielsen-Olesen's local field theory of single dual string.Based on the Chern-Simons field theory in three dimensons,we find many strings that can form world sheets in four dimensions.These stringshave important relation to the zero point of the complex scalar field.These world sheets of strings can be expressed bythe topological invariant number,Hopf index,and Brower degree.Nambu-Goto's action is obtained from the Nielsen'saction definitely by using φ-mapping theory.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 11735001)supported by the National Youth Fund (Grant No. 12105289)+1 种基金the UCAS Program of Special Research Associatethe Internal Funds of the KITS。
文摘We study the approaches to two-dimensional integrable field theories via a six-dimensional(6 D) holomorphic Chern-Simons theory defined on twistor space. Under symmetry reduction, it reduces to a 4 D Chern-Simons theory, while under solving along fibres it leads to a four-dimensional(4 D) integrable theory, the anti-self-dual Yang-Mills or its generalizations. From both 4 D theories, various two-dimensional integrable field theories can be obtained. In this work, we try to investigate several twodimensional integrable deformations in this framework. We find that the λ-deformation, the rational η-deformation, and the generalized λ-deformation can not be realized from the 4 D integrable model approach, even though they could be obtained from the 4 D Chern-Simons theory. The obstacle stems from the incompatibility between the symmetry reduction and the boundary conditions. Nevertheless, we show that a coupled theory of the λ-deformation and the η-deformation in the trigonometric description could be obtained from the 6 D theory in both ways, by considering the case that(3, 0)-form in the 6 D theory is allowed to have zeros.
文摘The paper is devoted to the study of the gravitational collapse within the framework of the spherically symmetric problem in the Newton theory and general relativity on the basis of the pressure-free model of the continuum. In application to the Newton gravitation theory, the analysis consists of three stages. First, we assume that the gravitational force is determined by the initial sphere radius and constant density and does not change in the process of the sphere collapse. The obtained analytical solution allows us to find the collapse time in the first approximation. Second, we construct the step-by-step process in which the gravitational force at a given time moment depends on the current sphere radius and density. The obtained numerical solution specifies the collapse time depending on the number of steps. Third, we find the exact value of the collapse time which is the limit of the step-by-step solutions and study the collapse and the expansion processes in the Newton theory. In application to general relativity, we use the space model corresponding to the special four-dimensional space which is Euclidean with respect to space coordinates and Riemannian with respect to the time coordinate only. The obtained solution specifies two possible scenarios. First, sphere contraction results in the infinitely high density with the finite collapse time, which does not coincide with the conventional result corresponding to the Schwarzschild geometry. Second, sphere expansion with the velocity which increases with a distance from the sphere center and decreases with time.
文摘Based on the decomposition theory of the U（1） gauge potential, the inner structure of the statistical gauge potential in the Chern-Simons-Ginzburg-Landau （CSGL） theory is studied. We give a new creation mechanism of the statistical gauge potential, Furthermore, making use of the b-mapping topological current theory, we obtain the precise topological expression of the statistical magnetic field, which takes the topological information of the vortices.
文摘We have examined the theoretical implications of combining two main and three auxiliary ligands to form several Ir(Ⅲ)complexes featuring a transition metal as their core atom to identify some appropriate organic lightemitting diode(OLED)materials.By utilizing electronic structure,frontier molecular orbitals,minimum single-line absorption,triplet excited states,and emission spectral data derived from the density functional theory,the usefulness of these Ir(Ⅲ)complexes,including(piq)_(2)Ir(acac),(piq)_(2)Ir(tmd),(piq)_(2)Ir(tpip),(fpiq)_(2)Ir(acac),(fpiq)_(2)Ir(tmd),and(fpiq)_(2)Ir(tpip),in OLEDs was examined,where piq=1-phenylisoquinoline,fpiq=1-(4-fluorophenyl)isoquinoline,acac=(3Z)-4-hydroxypent-3-en-2-one,tmd=(4Z)-5-hydroxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylhept-4-en-3-one,and tpip=tetraphenylimido-diphosphonate.These complexes all have low-efficiency roll-off properties,especially(fpiq)_(2)Ir(tpip).Some researchers have successfully synthesized complexes extremely similar to(piq)_(2)Ir(acac)through the Suzuki-Miyaura coupling reaction.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China under Grant No.2025YFB3003603the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant Nos.12135002 and 12105209.
文摘By adopting stochastic density functional theory(SDFT)and mixed stochastic-deterministic density functional theory(MDFT)methods,we perform first-principles calculations to predict the shock Hugoniot curves of boron(pressure P=7.9×10^(3)-1.6×10^(6) GPa and temperature T=25-2800 eV),silicon(P=2.6×10^(3)-7.9×10^(5) GPa and T=21.5-1393 eV),and aluminum(P=5.2×10^(3)-9.0×10^(5) GPa and T=25-1393 eV)over wide ranges of pressure and temperature.In particular,we systematically investigate the impact of different cutoff radii in norm-conserving pseudopotentials on the calculated properties at elevated temperatures,such as pressure,ionization energy,and equation of state.By comparing the SDFT and MDFT results with those of other first-principles methods,such as extended first-principles molecular dynamics and path integral Monte Carlo methods,we find that the SDFT and MDFT methods show satisfactory precision,which advances our understanding of first-principles methods when applied to studies of matter at extremely high pressures and temperatures.
文摘Objective: To explore the effect of Health Action Process Approach (HAPA) theory in patients with type D personality psoriasis. Methods: A total of 66 patients with type D personality psoriasis admitted to the dermatology department of a top-three hospital in Jingzhou City from November 2022 to July 2023 were selected and divided into control group and test group with 33 cases in each group by random number table method. The control group received routine health education, and the experimental group received health education based on the HAPA theory. Chronic disease self-efficacy scale, hospital anxiety and depression scale and skin disease quality of life scale were used to evaluate the effect of intervention. Results: After 3 months of intervention, the scores of self-efficacy in experimental group were higher than those in control group (P P Conclusion: Health education based on the theory of HAPA can enhance the self-efficacy of patients with type D personality psoriasis, relieve negative emotions and improve their quality of life.
文摘This paper focuses on English homework design in compulsory education under the“Double Reduction”policy.It first analyzes the research background and significance,reviews relevant literature at home and abroad,and points out existing problems.Then,based on constructivist learning theory,multiple intelligences theory,and formative assessment theory,it proposes design principles like reducing burden and increasing efficiency,and design strategies such as layered design.Although the research has limitations,it provides theoretical and practical references for English education reform.
文摘In quantum droplets,the mean-field energy is comparable to the Lee-Huang-Yang(LHY)energy.In the Bogoliubov theory,the LHY energy of a quantum droplet has an imaginary part,which has been neglected in most studies for practical purposes.Thus far,most theoretical studies on quantum droplets have been based on the extended Gross-Pitaevskii(GP)equation,which includes the contribution of the LHY energy to the chemical potential.In this article,we present the density-functional theory of quantum droplets.In our approach,the quantum fluctuations in quantum droplets,as described by an effective action,generate a real correlation energy that can be determined consistently.Using density-functional theory,we calculated the energy,quantum depletion fraction,and excitations of the droplet.Our results for the ground-state energy and quantum depletion fractions were consistent with the Monte Carlo results.We also discuss the implications of our theory.
基金support from Nantes Universite through the project AAP II GENOME(Ges-tion des Energies Nouvelles et Optimisation Electrique)and LEAP-RE MiDiNa project,grant N°NR-23-LERE-0002-01.
文摘Most developing countries continue to face challenges in accessing sustainable energy.This study investigates a solar panel and battery-powered system for an urban off-grid microgrid in Nigeria,where demand-sideflexibility and strategic interactions between households and utilities can optimize system sizing.A nonlinear programming model is built using bilevel problem formulation that incorporates both the households’willingness to reduce their energy consumption and the utility’s agreement to provide price rebates.The results show that,for an energy community of 10 households with annual energy demand of 7.8 MWh,an oversized solar-storage system is required(12 kWp of photovoltaic solar panels and 26 kWh of battery storage).The calculated average cost of 0.31€/kWh is three times higher than the current tariff,making it unaffordable for most Nigerian households.To address this,the utility company could implement Demand Response programs with direct load control that delay the use of certain appliances,such as fans,irons and air conditioners.If these measures reduce total demand by 5%,both the required system size and overall costs could decrease significantly,by approximately one-third.This adjustment leads to a reduced tariffof 0.20€/kWh.When Demand Response is imple-mented through negotiation between the utility and households,the amount of load-shaving achieved is lower.This is because house-holds experience discomfort from curtailment and are generally less willing to provideflexibility.However,negotiation allows for greaterflexibility than direct control,due to dynamic interactions and more active consumer participation in the energy transition.Nonetheless,tariffs remain higher than current market prices.Off-grid contracts could become competitive iffinancial support is pro-vided,such as low-interest loans and capital grants covering up to 75%of the upfront cost.
基金supported by the Chinese Ministry of Education of Humanities and Social Science Project(23YJC72040003)the Key Project of Chinese Ministry of Education(22JJD720021)supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province,China(project number:ZR2023QF021)。
文摘In the present paper,we give a systematic study of the discrete correspondence the-ory and topological correspondence theory of modal meet-implication logic and moda1 meet-semilattice logic,in the semantics provided in[21].The special features of the present paper include the following three points:the first one is that the semantic structure used is based on a semilattice rather than an ordinary partial order,the second one is that the propositional vari-ables are interpreted as filters rather than upsets,and the nominals,which are the“first-order counterparts of propositional variables,are interpreted as principal filters rather than principal upsets;the third one is that in topological correspondence theory,the collection of admissi-ble valuations is not closed under taking disjunction,which makes the proof of the topological Ackermann 1emma different from existing settings.
文摘Objective:Based on the CNKI database,this study analyzes the current research status and hotspots of the Timing it Right(TIR)Theory in China,providing insights and references for its further development in the field of nursing.Methods:Using bibliometric methods and Citespace software,this study conducts a statistical and visual analysis of publications on TIR Theory from CNKI,focusing on annual publication volumes,author collaboration networks,high-frequency keywords,and emergent terms.Results:The study statistically analyzed the time distribution and research hotspots of 117 relevant papers.The annual publication volume shows a gradual upward trend,though the overall volume remains low.High-frequency keywords such as“family nursing,”“quality of life,”“acute myocardial infarction,”and“stroke”form the core research themes.Conclusion:Research on TIR Theory in China’s nursing field is still in the exploratory stage,and its attention and emphasis need to be enhanced.As it aligns with modern medical models,its application scope in nursing is expanding,promoting the high-quality,scientific,and diversified development of nursing services in China.
基金Humanities and Social Sciences Research Project of China’s Ministry of Education(23YJCZH242)Major Humanities and Social Sciences Research Projects in Zhejiang Higher Education Institutions(2024QN069)Hangzhou Collaborative Innovation Institute of Language Services,Hangzhou City University,China。
文摘This article centers on The Call of the Wild,an English novel by American author Jack London,alongside two Chinese translations by Dajie Liu and Menglin Zhang,and Rongyue Liu.Seventy sentences containing motion events and their corresponding translations were randomly selected for analysis.The study focuses on the primary elements of motion events-manner,path,and ground-and examines their Chinese translations through the lens of Skopos theory.Skopos theory emphasizes whether translators can adopt appropriate translation strategies according to various contextual factors during the translation process.Compared to verb-framed languages,satellite-framed languages possess a richer vocabulary for manner verbs,express more detailed manner information,use more satellite words to indicate paths,and incorporate more background information.Verb-framed languages,by contrast,typically express manner information only when necessary and tend to include less background information.The analysis reveals that both Chinese translations embody the core principle of Skopos theory:translation strategies are determined by their purpose.To fulfill the novel’s translation objectives,the translators adeptly adjust their strategies for motion event components based on different contextual needs.It is noted that the Chinese translations do not fully retain the characteristics of English as a typical satellite-framed language.This observation aligns with Skopos theory’s purpose-oriented approach,which prioritizes translation goals over strict adherence to source text characteristics.
