This study deals with constant-gain adaptive observers for nonlinear systems,for which relatively few solutions are available for some particular cases.We introduce an asymptotic observer of constant gain for nonlinea...This study deals with constant-gain adaptive observers for nonlinear systems,for which relatively few solutions are available for some particular cases.We introduce an asymptotic observer of constant gain for nonlinear systems that have linear input.This allows the observer design to be formulated within the linear matrix inequality paradigm provided that a strictly positive real condition bet ween the inpu t disturbance and the output is fulfilled.The proposed observer is t hen applied to a large class of nonlinear chemos tat dynamical systems that are widely used in the fermentation process,cell cultures,medicine,etc.In fact,under standard practical assumptions,the necessary change of the chemos tat state coordinates exis ts,allowing use of the const ant-gain observer.Finally,the developed theory is illustrated by estimating pollutant concentration in a Spirulina maxima wastewater treatment facility.展开更多
BACKGROUND Mesonephric-like adenocarcinoma(MLA)is a rare and highly malignant disease that occurs in the uterine body or ovaries.We report a case of a MLA that was considered to have originated in the fallopian tube a...BACKGROUND Mesonephric-like adenocarcinoma(MLA)is a rare and highly malignant disease that occurs in the uterine body or ovaries.We report a case of a MLA that was considered to have originated in the fallopian tube and presented with malignant peritonitis.CASE SUMMARY A 57-year-old female presented with a chief complaint of abdominal pain that began 2 months prior.Cancerous peritonitis was suspected.During exploratory laparoscopy,the right fallopian tube was found to be enlarged,with widespread disseminated lesions extending from the pelvic cavity to the upper abdomen.Histopathological examination of the peritoneal tissue obtained by biopsy showed tumor cells with a high nuclear/cellular ratio and proliferation of papillary tubular to pedunculated solid nests.Immunohistochemical testing was positive for GATA-binding protein 3,thyroid transcription factor 1,cluster of differentiation 10,and paired box protein-8,and negative for estrogen receptor,Wilms’tumor 1,and wild-type p53,leading to the diagnosis of MLA.Subsequently,debulking surgery was performed,and no macroscopic residual tumors were identified.The pathological diagnosis was right tubal carcinoma,mesonephric adenocarcinoma(International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics stage IIIC),and pT3cNXM0.Adjuvant chemotherapy was administered postoperatively;however,recurrence was noted,and the patient died 1 year and 6 months after the initial treatment.CONCLUSION MLA is a very rare disease with poor prognosis.Further studies are necessary to identify effective treatment options.展开更多
BACKGROUND Post-operative infection is a common and serious complication following drugeluting trans arterial chemo embolization(D-TACE)in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC),potentially compromising treatment...BACKGROUND Post-operative infection is a common and serious complication following drugeluting trans arterial chemo embolization(D-TACE)in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC),potentially compromising treatment efficacy and increasing morbidity.AIM To investigate the risk factors associated with post-operative infection in HCC patients undergoing D-TACE,and to provide evidence for clinical prevention and targeted intervention strategies.METHODS Clinical data of 77 primary HCC patients who underwent D-TACE in our hospital from January 2022 to December 2023 were retrospectively analyzed.Patient demographics,laboratory test results,tumor characteristics,and surgery-related parameters were collected.Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to identify risk factors for post-operative infection.RESULTS Post-operative infection occurred in 20 cases(25.97%)among the 77 patients.Univariate analysis showed that age≥65 years,Child-Pugh grade B,tumor diameter≥5 cm,operation time≥120 minutes,preoperative albumin<35 g/L,and comorbid diabetes were significantly associated with post-operative infection(P<0.05).Multivariate logistic regression analysis identified Child-Pugh grade B(OR=2.851,95%CI:1.426-5.698),operation time≥120 minutes(OR=2.367,95%CI:1.238-4.523),and preoperative albumin<35 g/L(OR=2.156,95%CI:1.147-4.052)as independent risk factors for post-operative infection.CONCLUSION Liver function status,operation time,and preoperative albumin level are significant factors affecting post-operative infection in HCC patients undergoing D-TACE.For high-risk patients,enhanced perioperative management,appropriate timing of surgery,and active improvement of nutritional status should be implemented to reduce the risk of post-operative infection.展开更多
Multi⁃field coupling problems involving species transport,heat transfer,substance transformation,and mechanical deformation are prevalent in various scenarios,such as the curing of early⁃age concretes,the response of ...Multi⁃field coupling problems involving species transport,heat transfer,substance transformation,and mechanical deformation are prevalent in various scenarios,such as the curing of early⁃age concretes,the response of soft materials,the oxidation of metals,the lithiation and delithiation of lithium⁃ion batteries,and the self⁃healing of biological tissues.Thermo⁃chemo⁃mechanical coupling dynamics are common characteristics of these problems,making theoretical studies on such processes of significant importance.This study offers a thorough review of advanced theoretical models that address thermo⁃chemo⁃mechanical behavior of solid materials within the theoretical framework of non⁃equilibrium thermodynamics.First,we outline the thermo⁃chemo⁃mechanical coupling phenomena observed in various application scenarios.Then,the theoretical developments of classical continuum mechanics include the phase field method and peridynamics in the contexts of thermo⁃mechanical coupling,chemo⁃mechanical coupling,and thermo⁃chemo⁃mechanical coupling,respectively.Finally,challenges faced by thermo⁃chemo⁃mechanical coupling research are highlighted and prospects and directions for this field are also outlined.This paper helps to understand the history and trends in the development of thermo⁃chemo⁃mechanical coupling theory.展开更多
This corrigendum clarifies information in the article"PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling orchestrates the phenotypic transition and chemo-resistance of small cell lung cancer"by Li et al.(2021).The authors regret that ...This corrigendum clarifies information in the article"PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling orchestrates the phenotypic transition and chemo-resistance of small cell lung cancer"by Li et al.(2021).The authors regret that the image of H526 cells in the schematic illustration in Fig.4A displayed on the Webpage is wrong.The correct image for H526cells inthe schematic illustration is listed below。展开更多
目的:研究Chemo Centryx趋化因子受体(Chemo Centryx chemokine receptor,CCXCKR)、血管内皮生长因子(vascular endothelial growth factor,VEGF)A和C在直肠癌组织、癌旁组织、正常直肠组织中的表达,探讨其与淋巴结转移的关系.方法:应...目的:研究Chemo Centryx趋化因子受体(Chemo Centryx chemokine receptor,CCXCKR)、血管内皮生长因子(vascular endothelial growth factor,VEGF)A和C在直肠癌组织、癌旁组织、正常直肠组织中的表达,探讨其与淋巴结转移的关系.方法:应用免疫组织化学SP法检测50例手术切除的直肠癌组织、癌旁组织和11例正常直肠组织中CCXCKR、VEGF-A、VEGF-C的表达情况.将50例直肠癌患者根据有无淋巴结转移分为:淋巴结转移组(19例)与无淋巴结转移组,并采用免疫组织化学方法分别检测CCXCKR、VEGF-A及VEGF-C在有无淋巴结转移的直肠癌组织中的表达情况,以探讨CCXCKR、VEGF-A及VEGF-C与淋巴结转移的关系.结果:CCXCKR在正常直肠组织、癌旁组织中表达明显高于直肠癌组织(P<0.01),在淋巴结转移组CCXCKR的表达明显低于淋巴结未转移组(P<0.01).而直肠癌组织、癌旁组织中VEGF-A和VEGF-C表达阳性率明显高于正常直肠组织(P<0.01),其中在淋巴结转移组两者的表达明显高于淋巴结未转移组(P<0.05).VEGF-A和VEGF-C在直肠癌组织中的表达呈正相关(r=0.703,P<0.0l),而CCXCKR与V E G F-A及V E G F-C在直肠癌组织中的表达均分别呈负相关(r=-0.360,P<0.05、r=-0.326,P<0.05).结论:直肠癌中CCXCKR低表达、VEGF-A与VEGF-C高表达与直肠癌淋巴结转移密切相关,CCXCKR可能对直肠癌的发生和转移有抑制作用,CCXCKR、VEGF-A与V E G F-C联合检测,对直肠癌预后的判断具有实际意义.展开更多
Liver cancers are the second most frequent cause of global cancer-related mortality of which 90%are attributable to hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).Despite the advent of screening programmes for patients with known risk...Liver cancers are the second most frequent cause of global cancer-related mortality of which 90%are attributable to hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).Despite the advent of screening programmes for patients with known risk factors,a substantial number of patients are ineligible for curative surgery at presentation with limited outcomes achievable with systemic chemotherapy/external radiotherapy.This has led to the advent of numerous minimally invasive options including but not limited to trans-arterial chemoembolization,radiofrequency/microwave ablation and more recently selective internal radiation therapy many of which are often the first-line treatment for select stages of HCC or serve as a conduit to liver transplant.The authors aim to provide a comprehensive overview of these various image guided minimally invasive therapies with a brief focus on the technical aspects accompanied by a critical analysis of the literature to assess the most up-to-date evidence from comparative systematic reviews and meta-analyses finishing with an assessment of novel combination regimens and future directions of travel.展开更多
In this review we outline the different mechanisms mediating hepatocarcinogenesis. We also discuss possible targets of bioactive herbal agents at different stages of hepatocarcinogenesis and highlight their role at ea...In this review we outline the different mechanisms mediating hepatocarcinogenesis. We also discuss possible targets of bioactive herbal agents at different stages of hepatocarcinogenesis and highlight their role at each individual stage. We gathered information on the most common herbal prescriptions and extracts thought to be useful in prevention or sensitization for chemotherapy in management of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The value of this topic may seem questionable compared to the promise offered for HCC management by chemotherapy and radiation. However, we would recommend the use of herbal preparations not as alternatives to common chemo /and or radiotherapy, but rather for prevention among atrisk individuals, given that drug/herb interactions are still in need of extensive clarification. The bioactive constituents of various herbs seem to be promising targets for isolation, cancer activity screening and clinical evaluation. Finally, herbal preparations may offer a cost effective protective alternative to individuals known to have a high risk for HCC and possibly other cancers, through maintaining cell integrity, reversingoxidative stress and modulating different molecular pathways in preventing carcinogenesis.展开更多
Background:Adjuvant(chemo)radiotherapy(A(C)RT)may be an important supplement to surgery for extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma(EHCC).However,whether all patients would achieve benefits from A(C)RT and which adjuvant regi...Background:Adjuvant(chemo)radiotherapy(A(C)RT)may be an important supplement to surgery for extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma(EHCC).However,whether all patients would achieve benefits from A(C)RT and which adjuvant regimen,adjuvant radiotherapy(ART)or adjuvant chemoradiotherapy(ACRT),would be preferred,are still undetermined.The low incidence of EHCC makes it difficult to carry out randomized controlled trials(RCTs);therefore,almost all clinical studies on radiotherapy are retrospective.We have conducted a meta-analysis of these retrospective studies.Methods:We conducted a meta-analysis of current retrospective studies using PubMed,Embase,and ClinicalTrials databases.All studies published in English that were related to A(C)RT and which analyzed overall survival(OS),disease-free survival(DFS),or locoregional recurrence-free survival(LRFS)were included.Estimated hazard ratios(HRs)were calculated for OS,DFS,and LRFS.Results:Data from eight studies including 685 patients were included.Our analysis showed that A(C)RT significantly improved OS(HR 0.69,95%confidence interval(CI)0.48–0.97,P=0.03),DFS(HR 0.60,95%CI 0.47–0.76,P<0.0001),and LRFS(HR 0.27,95%CI 0.17–0.41,P<0.00001)of EHCC overall.In subgroups,patients with microscopically positive resection margin(R1)could achieve a benefit from A(C)RT(HR 0.44,95%CI 0.27–0.72,P=0.001).No statistically OS difference was observed in negative resection margin(R0)subgroup(HR 0.98,95%CI 0.30–3.19,P=0.98).Significant OS benefit was found in patients who received concurrent ACRT(HR 0.40,95%CI 0.26–0.62,P<0.0001),while the result of ART without chemotherapy showed no significant benefit(HR 1.14,95%CI 0.29–4.50,P=0.85).In the distal cholangiocarcinoma subgroup,no significant difference was seen when ACRT and ART were included(HR 0.61,95%CI 0.14–2.72,P=0.52),but a significant difference was seen ewOshSpe,enDc iaFanlSla,yl yianzn iddn igsL ttRahlF ep Sca iotinne cEnutHrsr.C eCnt pAaCtieRnTt so,nelys p(eHcRi a0 ll.y2 i9 n,t9 h5 o%s eC Iw i0 t.h13 R–10 r.e6 s4 e,cPti=o0 n.0 m0 a2 r).g iCnso.n AclCusRioT nms:aAy(bCe)RsTu pmeraiyo ri tmop rAoRvTe .展开更多
In this paper,in vivo spectra from 23 patients'blood samples with various Creatinine(Cr)concentration levels ranging from 0.96 to 12.5 mg/dL were measured using Fourier transform near-infrared spectrometer(FT-NIRS...In this paper,in vivo spectra from 23 patients'blood samples with various Creatinine(Cr)concentration levels ranging from 0.96 to 12.5 mg/dL were measured using Fourier transform near-infrared spectrometer(FT-NIRS)and spectrum quantitative analysis method.Since Cr undergoes passive filtration,it serves as a key biomarker of kidneys function via the estimation of glomerular filtration rate.Thus,increased blood Cr concentration reflects impaired renal func-tion.After spectra pre processing and outlier exclusion,a spectral model was developed based on partial least squares regression(PLSR)method,wherein Cr concentrations correlated with filtered NIR spectra across several peaks,where Cr is know n to absorb NIR light.Several statistical metrics were applied to estimate the model efficiency during data analysis.Comparison of spectra-derived concentrations to reference Cr measurements by the current gold-standard Jaffe's method held in hospital lab revealed a Cr prediction accuracy of 1.64 mg/dL with good corre-lation of R=0.9.Bland-Altman plots were used to compare between our calculations and ref-erence lab values and reveal minimal bias between the two.The finding presented the potential of FT-NIRS coupled with PLSR technique for Cr determination.展开更多
It is currently admitted that the intermolecular forces implicated in Gas Liquid Chromatography (GLC) can be expressed as a product of parameters (or descriptors) of solutes and of parameters of solvents. The present ...It is currently admitted that the intermolecular forces implicated in Gas Liquid Chromatography (GLC) can be expressed as a product of parameters (or descriptors) of solutes and of parameters of solvents. The present study is limited to those of solutes, and among them the three ones are involved in the Van der Waals forces, whereas the two ones involved in the hydrogen bonding are left aside at this stage. These three studied parameters, which we call δ, ω and ε, respectively reflect the three types of Van der Waals forces: dispersion, orientation or polarity strictly speaking, and induction-polarizability. These parameters have been experimentally obtained in previous studies for 121 Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC) via an original Multiplicative Matrix Analysis (MMA) applied to a superabundant and accurate GLC data set. Then, also in previous studies, attempts have been made to predict these parameters via a Simplified Molecular Topology procedure (SMT). Because these last published results have been somewhat disappointing, a promising new strategy of prediction is developed and detailed in the present article.展开更多
Rh(III)‐catalyzed C–H activation of N‐protected anilines and chemo‐divergent couplings with acroleins/enones have been realized for synthesis of three classes of heterocycles.The oxidative coupling of N‐pyridylan...Rh(III)‐catalyzed C–H activation of N‐protected anilines and chemo‐divergent couplings with acroleins/enones have been realized for synthesis of three classes of heterocycles.The oxidative coupling of N‐pyridylaniline afforded dihydroquinolones with the acrolein being a major hydrogen acceptor.When the directing group was replaced by pyrimidyl in the same system,redox‐neutral coupling occurred to afford hemiaminal ethers.Oxidative annulation of N‐pyridylanilines with enones using AgBF4 oxidant afforded atropisomeric quinolinium salts.展开更多
Innovative viewpoint on the older topic of the van der Waals forces, is of interesting and significant issue to be concerned in both the fields related to the fundamental investigation and thus valuable in guiding the...Innovative viewpoint on the older topic of the van der Waals forces, is of interesting and significant issue to be concerned in both the fields related to the fundamental investigation and thus valuable in guiding the new physiochemical phenomena and processes for both academic research and practical applications. The intermolecular Van der Waals forces involved in solutions have been recently deeply reconsidered as far as the solute side is concerned. More precisely, the solute descriptors (or parameters) experimentally established, have been accurately related to molecular features of a Simplified Molecular Topology. In the present study, an equivalent result is reached on the solvent side. Both experimental parameters have been obtained simultaneously in previous Gas Liquid Chromatographic studies for 121 Volatile Organic Compounds and 11 liquid stationary phases, via an original Multiplicative Matrix Analysis. In that experimental step, five groups of forces were identified, two of hydrogen bonding and three of Van der Waals: 1) dispersion (London), 2) orientation or polarity strictly speaking (Keesom), and 3) induction-polarizability (Debye). At this stage, an attempt of characterization the solvent parameters via the SMT procedure has been limited to those related to the Van der Waals forces, those related to the hydrogen bonding being for now left aside.展开更多
Introduction: The goal of this study was to analyze the causes of death in patients with loco-regionally advanced squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) of the head and neck treated with multimodality treatment. Materiel: Th...Introduction: The goal of this study was to analyze the causes of death in patients with loco-regionally advanced squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) of the head and neck treated with multimodality treatment. Materiel: The mortality records of 138 advanced head and neck patients treated in our department with surgery and adjuvant (chemo) radiotherapy from 2007 to 2013 were collected and reviewed in this study.?Results: From May 2007 to January 2013, 138 patients were followed up with a median follow-up duration of 25 months. The 5-year overall survival (OS), disease-free survival (DFS) were 45%, and 56.1%, respectively. A total of 39 patients (28%) died during the follow-up period. Clearly, in this population, loco-regional relapse accounted for one of the most cause of death but acute and late or chronic treatment-associated causes leading to death occurred in almost 8% of the patients. Furthermore, the risk of death from head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) was greater in patients with hypopharynx cancer. Univariate analysis indicated that patients with N2b disease and above and vascular tumor embolism had a lower overall survival (p = 0.001 and p = 0.007 respectively). The multivariate analysis showed that N2b disease and above was an independent prognostic factor for poorer loco-regional control (p = 0.001). Conclusions: Patients with locally advanced head and neck cancer treated with surgery and adjuvant (chemo) radiotherapy are potentially curable but face significant risks of mortality from causes other than disease progression.展开更多
The study aimed to analyze the efficacy and adverse effects of concurrent chemo/radiotherapy in the treatment of advanced cervical cancer,and the efficacy and safety of concurrent chemo/radiotherapy were evaluated to ...The study aimed to analyze the efficacy and adverse effects of concurrent chemo/radiotherapy in the treatment of advanced cervical cancer,and the efficacy and safety of concurrent chemo/radiotherapy were evaluated to standardize the treatment.First of all,retrospective analysis was carried out,and 30 cases of advanced cervical cancer treated in hospitals from 2013 to 2018 were included in the study.30 cases of concurrent chemo/radiotherapy were included in the synchronous group,and 30 cases of radical radiotherapy alone were included in the radiotherapy group.The results showed that the CR rate and remission rate in the synchronous group were 43.3%and 93.3%,which were higher than those in the radiotherapy group(26.7%and 80.0%).The 3-year survival rate of the synchronous group was 80.0%,which was higher than that of the radiotherapy group,with a statistically significant difference(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in 3-year all-cause mortality,5-year survival and 5-year allcause mortality between the two groups.The tumor-free survival time in the synchronous group was(24.4±8.2)months,which was higher than that in the radiotherapy group(17.0±8.5)months,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Therefore,compared with radiotherapy alone,concurrent chemo/radiotherapy in the treatment of advanced cervical cancer can improve the 3-year survival rate and prolong the tumor-free survival time.However,it did not increase 5-year survival rate,and bone marrow suppression and gastrointestinal reactions were increased.展开更多
The authors of Ref.[1]note that Fig.4a appeared incorrectly assembled.The corrected Fig.4a is shown below.We sincerely apologize for this oversight and any inconvenience caused.This correction does not affect any conc...The authors of Ref.[1]note that Fig.4a appeared incorrectly assembled.The corrected Fig.4a is shown below.We sincerely apologize for this oversight and any inconvenience caused.This correction does not affect any conclusion drawn in the manuscript.展开更多
Selectivity-control has long been a central pursuit in organic chemistry.Most recent advances have focused on achieving individual forms of selectivity,such as chemo-,regio-,E/Z-,diastereo-,or enantioselectivity.Tradi...Selectivity-control has long been a central pursuit in organic chemistry.Most recent advances have focused on achieving individual forms of selectivity,such as chemo-,regio-,E/Z-,diastereo-,or enantioselectivity.Traditionally,multi-selectivities have been realized through one-dimensional linear synthetic routes,in which distinct sites are modified sequentially across multiple reaction steps.展开更多
基金This research was partly supported by the Czech Science Foundation(No.GA19-05872S)。
文摘This study deals with constant-gain adaptive observers for nonlinear systems,for which relatively few solutions are available for some particular cases.We introduce an asymptotic observer of constant gain for nonlinear systems that have linear input.This allows the observer design to be formulated within the linear matrix inequality paradigm provided that a strictly positive real condition bet ween the inpu t disturbance and the output is fulfilled.The proposed observer is t hen applied to a large class of nonlinear chemos tat dynamical systems that are widely used in the fermentation process,cell cultures,medicine,etc.In fact,under standard practical assumptions,the necessary change of the chemos tat state coordinates exis ts,allowing use of the const ant-gain observer.Finally,the developed theory is illustrated by estimating pollutant concentration in a Spirulina maxima wastewater treatment facility.
文摘BACKGROUND Mesonephric-like adenocarcinoma(MLA)is a rare and highly malignant disease that occurs in the uterine body or ovaries.We report a case of a MLA that was considered to have originated in the fallopian tube and presented with malignant peritonitis.CASE SUMMARY A 57-year-old female presented with a chief complaint of abdominal pain that began 2 months prior.Cancerous peritonitis was suspected.During exploratory laparoscopy,the right fallopian tube was found to be enlarged,with widespread disseminated lesions extending from the pelvic cavity to the upper abdomen.Histopathological examination of the peritoneal tissue obtained by biopsy showed tumor cells with a high nuclear/cellular ratio and proliferation of papillary tubular to pedunculated solid nests.Immunohistochemical testing was positive for GATA-binding protein 3,thyroid transcription factor 1,cluster of differentiation 10,and paired box protein-8,and negative for estrogen receptor,Wilms’tumor 1,and wild-type p53,leading to the diagnosis of MLA.Subsequently,debulking surgery was performed,and no macroscopic residual tumors were identified.The pathological diagnosis was right tubal carcinoma,mesonephric adenocarcinoma(International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics stage IIIC),and pT3cNXM0.Adjuvant chemotherapy was administered postoperatively;however,recurrence was noted,and the patient died 1 year and 6 months after the initial treatment.CONCLUSION MLA is a very rare disease with poor prognosis.Further studies are necessary to identify effective treatment options.
文摘BACKGROUND Post-operative infection is a common and serious complication following drugeluting trans arterial chemo embolization(D-TACE)in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC),potentially compromising treatment efficacy and increasing morbidity.AIM To investigate the risk factors associated with post-operative infection in HCC patients undergoing D-TACE,and to provide evidence for clinical prevention and targeted intervention strategies.METHODS Clinical data of 77 primary HCC patients who underwent D-TACE in our hospital from January 2022 to December 2023 were retrospectively analyzed.Patient demographics,laboratory test results,tumor characteristics,and surgery-related parameters were collected.Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to identify risk factors for post-operative infection.RESULTS Post-operative infection occurred in 20 cases(25.97%)among the 77 patients.Univariate analysis showed that age≥65 years,Child-Pugh grade B,tumor diameter≥5 cm,operation time≥120 minutes,preoperative albumin<35 g/L,and comorbid diabetes were significantly associated with post-operative infection(P<0.05).Multivariate logistic regression analysis identified Child-Pugh grade B(OR=2.851,95%CI:1.426-5.698),operation time≥120 minutes(OR=2.367,95%CI:1.238-4.523),and preoperative albumin<35 g/L(OR=2.156,95%CI:1.147-4.052)as independent risk factors for post-operative infection.CONCLUSION Liver function status,operation time,and preoperative albumin level are significant factors affecting post-operative infection in HCC patients undergoing D-TACE.For high-risk patients,enhanced perioperative management,appropriate timing of surgery,and active improvement of nutritional status should be implemented to reduce the risk of post-operative infection.
基金Sponsored by Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(Grant No.2023A1515111166)Development and Reform Commission of Shenzhen(Grant No.XMHT20220103004)+1 种基金Shenzhen Natural Science Fund(Grant No.GXWD20231130100351002)National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.11932005).
文摘Multi⁃field coupling problems involving species transport,heat transfer,substance transformation,and mechanical deformation are prevalent in various scenarios,such as the curing of early⁃age concretes,the response of soft materials,the oxidation of metals,the lithiation and delithiation of lithium⁃ion batteries,and the self⁃healing of biological tissues.Thermo⁃chemo⁃mechanical coupling dynamics are common characteristics of these problems,making theoretical studies on such processes of significant importance.This study offers a thorough review of advanced theoretical models that address thermo⁃chemo⁃mechanical behavior of solid materials within the theoretical framework of non⁃equilibrium thermodynamics.First,we outline the thermo⁃chemo⁃mechanical coupling phenomena observed in various application scenarios.Then,the theoretical developments of classical continuum mechanics include the phase field method and peridynamics in the contexts of thermo⁃mechanical coupling,chemo⁃mechanical coupling,and thermo⁃chemo⁃mechanical coupling,respectively.Finally,challenges faced by thermo⁃chemo⁃mechanical coupling research are highlighted and prospects and directions for this field are also outlined.This paper helps to understand the history and trends in the development of thermo⁃chemo⁃mechanical coupling theory.
文摘This corrigendum clarifies information in the article"PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling orchestrates the phenotypic transition and chemo-resistance of small cell lung cancer"by Li et al.(2021).The authors regret that the image of H526 cells in the schematic illustration in Fig.4A displayed on the Webpage is wrong.The correct image for H526cells inthe schematic illustration is listed below。
文摘目的:研究Chemo Centryx趋化因子受体(Chemo Centryx chemokine receptor,CCXCKR)、血管内皮生长因子(vascular endothelial growth factor,VEGF)A和C在直肠癌组织、癌旁组织、正常直肠组织中的表达,探讨其与淋巴结转移的关系.方法:应用免疫组织化学SP法检测50例手术切除的直肠癌组织、癌旁组织和11例正常直肠组织中CCXCKR、VEGF-A、VEGF-C的表达情况.将50例直肠癌患者根据有无淋巴结转移分为:淋巴结转移组(19例)与无淋巴结转移组,并采用免疫组织化学方法分别检测CCXCKR、VEGF-A及VEGF-C在有无淋巴结转移的直肠癌组织中的表达情况,以探讨CCXCKR、VEGF-A及VEGF-C与淋巴结转移的关系.结果:CCXCKR在正常直肠组织、癌旁组织中表达明显高于直肠癌组织(P<0.01),在淋巴结转移组CCXCKR的表达明显低于淋巴结未转移组(P<0.01).而直肠癌组织、癌旁组织中VEGF-A和VEGF-C表达阳性率明显高于正常直肠组织(P<0.01),其中在淋巴结转移组两者的表达明显高于淋巴结未转移组(P<0.05).VEGF-A和VEGF-C在直肠癌组织中的表达呈正相关(r=0.703,P<0.0l),而CCXCKR与V E G F-A及V E G F-C在直肠癌组织中的表达均分别呈负相关(r=-0.360,P<0.05、r=-0.326,P<0.05).结论:直肠癌中CCXCKR低表达、VEGF-A与VEGF-C高表达与直肠癌淋巴结转移密切相关,CCXCKR可能对直肠癌的发生和转移有抑制作用,CCXCKR、VEGF-A与V E G F-C联合检测,对直肠癌预后的判断具有实际意义.
文摘Liver cancers are the second most frequent cause of global cancer-related mortality of which 90%are attributable to hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).Despite the advent of screening programmes for patients with known risk factors,a substantial number of patients are ineligible for curative surgery at presentation with limited outcomes achievable with systemic chemotherapy/external radiotherapy.This has led to the advent of numerous minimally invasive options including but not limited to trans-arterial chemoembolization,radiofrequency/microwave ablation and more recently selective internal radiation therapy many of which are often the first-line treatment for select stages of HCC or serve as a conduit to liver transplant.The authors aim to provide a comprehensive overview of these various image guided minimally invasive therapies with a brief focus on the technical aspects accompanied by a critical analysis of the literature to assess the most up-to-date evidence from comparative systematic reviews and meta-analyses finishing with an assessment of novel combination regimens and future directions of travel.
文摘In this review we outline the different mechanisms mediating hepatocarcinogenesis. We also discuss possible targets of bioactive herbal agents at different stages of hepatocarcinogenesis and highlight their role at each individual stage. We gathered information on the most common herbal prescriptions and extracts thought to be useful in prevention or sensitization for chemotherapy in management of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The value of this topic may seem questionable compared to the promise offered for HCC management by chemotherapy and radiation. However, we would recommend the use of herbal preparations not as alternatives to common chemo /and or radiotherapy, but rather for prevention among atrisk individuals, given that drug/herb interactions are still in need of extensive clarification. The bioactive constituents of various herbs seem to be promising targets for isolation, cancer activity screening and clinical evaluation. Finally, herbal preparations may offer a cost effective protective alternative to individuals known to have a high risk for HCC and possibly other cancers, through maintaining cell integrity, reversingoxidative stress and modulating different molecular pathways in preventing carcinogenesis.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81402520)。
文摘Background:Adjuvant(chemo)radiotherapy(A(C)RT)may be an important supplement to surgery for extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma(EHCC).However,whether all patients would achieve benefits from A(C)RT and which adjuvant regimen,adjuvant radiotherapy(ART)or adjuvant chemoradiotherapy(ACRT),would be preferred,are still undetermined.The low incidence of EHCC makes it difficult to carry out randomized controlled trials(RCTs);therefore,almost all clinical studies on radiotherapy are retrospective.We have conducted a meta-analysis of these retrospective studies.Methods:We conducted a meta-analysis of current retrospective studies using PubMed,Embase,and ClinicalTrials databases.All studies published in English that were related to A(C)RT and which analyzed overall survival(OS),disease-free survival(DFS),or locoregional recurrence-free survival(LRFS)were included.Estimated hazard ratios(HRs)were calculated for OS,DFS,and LRFS.Results:Data from eight studies including 685 patients were included.Our analysis showed that A(C)RT significantly improved OS(HR 0.69,95%confidence interval(CI)0.48–0.97,P=0.03),DFS(HR 0.60,95%CI 0.47–0.76,P<0.0001),and LRFS(HR 0.27,95%CI 0.17–0.41,P<0.00001)of EHCC overall.In subgroups,patients with microscopically positive resection margin(R1)could achieve a benefit from A(C)RT(HR 0.44,95%CI 0.27–0.72,P=0.001).No statistically OS difference was observed in negative resection margin(R0)subgroup(HR 0.98,95%CI 0.30–3.19,P=0.98).Significant OS benefit was found in patients who received concurrent ACRT(HR 0.40,95%CI 0.26–0.62,P<0.0001),while the result of ART without chemotherapy showed no significant benefit(HR 1.14,95%CI 0.29–4.50,P=0.85).In the distal cholangiocarcinoma subgroup,no significant difference was seen when ACRT and ART were included(HR 0.61,95%CI 0.14–2.72,P=0.52),but a significant difference was seen ewOshSpe,enDc iaFanlSla,yl yianzn iddn igsL ttRahlF ep Sca iotinne cEnutHrsr.C eCnt pAaCtieRnTt so,nelys p(eHcRi a0 ll.y2 i9 n,t9 h5 o%s eC Iw i0 t.h13 R–10 r.e6 s4 e,cPti=o0 n.0 m0 a2 r).g iCnso.n AclCusRioT nms:aAy(bCe)RsTu pmeraiyo ri tmop rAoRvTe .
文摘In this paper,in vivo spectra from 23 patients'blood samples with various Creatinine(Cr)concentration levels ranging from 0.96 to 12.5 mg/dL were measured using Fourier transform near-infrared spectrometer(FT-NIRS)and spectrum quantitative analysis method.Since Cr undergoes passive filtration,it serves as a key biomarker of kidneys function via the estimation of glomerular filtration rate.Thus,increased blood Cr concentration reflects impaired renal func-tion.After spectra pre processing and outlier exclusion,a spectral model was developed based on partial least squares regression(PLSR)method,wherein Cr concentrations correlated with filtered NIR spectra across several peaks,where Cr is know n to absorb NIR light.Several statistical metrics were applied to estimate the model efficiency during data analysis.Comparison of spectra-derived concentrations to reference Cr measurements by the current gold-standard Jaffe's method held in hospital lab revealed a Cr prediction accuracy of 1.64 mg/dL with good corre-lation of R=0.9.Bland-Altman plots were used to compare between our calculations and ref-erence lab values and reveal minimal bias between the two.The finding presented the potential of FT-NIRS coupled with PLSR technique for Cr determination.
文摘It is currently admitted that the intermolecular forces implicated in Gas Liquid Chromatography (GLC) can be expressed as a product of parameters (or descriptors) of solutes and of parameters of solvents. The present study is limited to those of solutes, and among them the three ones are involved in the Van der Waals forces, whereas the two ones involved in the hydrogen bonding are left aside at this stage. These three studied parameters, which we call δ, ω and ε, respectively reflect the three types of Van der Waals forces: dispersion, orientation or polarity strictly speaking, and induction-polarizability. These parameters have been experimentally obtained in previous studies for 121 Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC) via an original Multiplicative Matrix Analysis (MMA) applied to a superabundant and accurate GLC data set. Then, also in previous studies, attempts have been made to predict these parameters via a Simplified Molecular Topology procedure (SMT). Because these last published results have been somewhat disappointing, a promising new strategy of prediction is developed and detailed in the present article.
基金supported by the National Nature Science Foundation of China(21525208,21472186)the fund for new technology of methanol conversion of Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics(Chinese Academy of Sciences)~~
文摘Rh(III)‐catalyzed C–H activation of N‐protected anilines and chemo‐divergent couplings with acroleins/enones have been realized for synthesis of three classes of heterocycles.The oxidative coupling of N‐pyridylaniline afforded dihydroquinolones with the acrolein being a major hydrogen acceptor.When the directing group was replaced by pyrimidyl in the same system,redox‐neutral coupling occurred to afford hemiaminal ethers.Oxidative annulation of N‐pyridylanilines with enones using AgBF4 oxidant afforded atropisomeric quinolinium salts.
文摘Innovative viewpoint on the older topic of the van der Waals forces, is of interesting and significant issue to be concerned in both the fields related to the fundamental investigation and thus valuable in guiding the new physiochemical phenomena and processes for both academic research and practical applications. The intermolecular Van der Waals forces involved in solutions have been recently deeply reconsidered as far as the solute side is concerned. More precisely, the solute descriptors (or parameters) experimentally established, have been accurately related to molecular features of a Simplified Molecular Topology. In the present study, an equivalent result is reached on the solvent side. Both experimental parameters have been obtained simultaneously in previous Gas Liquid Chromatographic studies for 121 Volatile Organic Compounds and 11 liquid stationary phases, via an original Multiplicative Matrix Analysis. In that experimental step, five groups of forces were identified, two of hydrogen bonding and three of Van der Waals: 1) dispersion (London), 2) orientation or polarity strictly speaking (Keesom), and 3) induction-polarizability (Debye). At this stage, an attempt of characterization the solvent parameters via the SMT procedure has been limited to those related to the Van der Waals forces, those related to the hydrogen bonding being for now left aside.
文摘Introduction: The goal of this study was to analyze the causes of death in patients with loco-regionally advanced squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) of the head and neck treated with multimodality treatment. Materiel: The mortality records of 138 advanced head and neck patients treated in our department with surgery and adjuvant (chemo) radiotherapy from 2007 to 2013 were collected and reviewed in this study.?Results: From May 2007 to January 2013, 138 patients were followed up with a median follow-up duration of 25 months. The 5-year overall survival (OS), disease-free survival (DFS) were 45%, and 56.1%, respectively. A total of 39 patients (28%) died during the follow-up period. Clearly, in this population, loco-regional relapse accounted for one of the most cause of death but acute and late or chronic treatment-associated causes leading to death occurred in almost 8% of the patients. Furthermore, the risk of death from head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) was greater in patients with hypopharynx cancer. Univariate analysis indicated that patients with N2b disease and above and vascular tumor embolism had a lower overall survival (p = 0.001 and p = 0.007 respectively). The multivariate analysis showed that N2b disease and above was an independent prognostic factor for poorer loco-regional control (p = 0.001). Conclusions: Patients with locally advanced head and neck cancer treated with surgery and adjuvant (chemo) radiotherapy are potentially curable but face significant risks of mortality from causes other than disease progression.
文摘The study aimed to analyze the efficacy and adverse effects of concurrent chemo/radiotherapy in the treatment of advanced cervical cancer,and the efficacy and safety of concurrent chemo/radiotherapy were evaluated to standardize the treatment.First of all,retrospective analysis was carried out,and 30 cases of advanced cervical cancer treated in hospitals from 2013 to 2018 were included in the study.30 cases of concurrent chemo/radiotherapy were included in the synchronous group,and 30 cases of radical radiotherapy alone were included in the radiotherapy group.The results showed that the CR rate and remission rate in the synchronous group were 43.3%and 93.3%,which were higher than those in the radiotherapy group(26.7%and 80.0%).The 3-year survival rate of the synchronous group was 80.0%,which was higher than that of the radiotherapy group,with a statistically significant difference(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in 3-year all-cause mortality,5-year survival and 5-year allcause mortality between the two groups.The tumor-free survival time in the synchronous group was(24.4±8.2)months,which was higher than that in the radiotherapy group(17.0±8.5)months,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Therefore,compared with radiotherapy alone,concurrent chemo/radiotherapy in the treatment of advanced cervical cancer can improve the 3-year survival rate and prolong the tumor-free survival time.However,it did not increase 5-year survival rate,and bone marrow suppression and gastrointestinal reactions were increased.
文摘The authors of Ref.[1]note that Fig.4a appeared incorrectly assembled.The corrected Fig.4a is shown below.We sincerely apologize for this oversight and any inconvenience caused.This correction does not affect any conclusion drawn in the manuscript.
文摘Selectivity-control has long been a central pursuit in organic chemistry.Most recent advances have focused on achieving individual forms of selectivity,such as chemo-,regio-,E/Z-,diastereo-,or enantioselectivity.Traditionally,multi-selectivities have been realized through one-dimensional linear synthetic routes,in which distinct sites are modified sequentially across multiple reaction steps.
